disassemble
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C1 verb /ˌdɪsəˈsɛmbəl/

disassemble

Meaning
To take apart something into its separate pieces.
Example
He had to disassemble the computer to repair it.
C1 adjective /vɪˈveɪʃəs/

vivacious

Meaning
Attractively lively and animated.
Example
She was admired for her vivacious personality.
C1 verb /səˈplænt/

supplant

Meaning
To take the place of something or someone, often by force or strategy.
Example
Digital platforms have supplanted traditional newspapers.
C1 verb /piːk/

pique

Meaning
to stimulate interest or curiosity; to arouse resentment or anger
Example
Her remarks piqued his curiosity about the secret project.
B2 noun /əˌdæptəˈbɪləti/

adaptability

Meaning
The quality of being able to adjust to new conditions or circumstances
Example
Adaptability to changing environments is crucial in business.
B2 noun /ˈhɔːr.ər/

Horror

Meaning
an intense feeling of fear, shock, or disgust; something that causes such feelings
Example
The survivors described the horror of the earthquake that destroyed their entire village.
C1 adjective /æmˈfɪb.i.əs/

Amphibious

Meaning
able to live both on land and in water; suitable for both land and water operations
Example
The amphibious vehicle can travel on both land and water.
C1 noun /ɪkˈspoʊnənt/

exponent

Meaning
a person who supports, promotes, or explains an idea; in math, a symbol denoting power
Example
She is a leading exponent of modern dance.
C1 adjective /ɒmˈnɪv.ər.əs/

Omnivorous

Meaning
eating both plants and animals; feeding on various kinds of food
Example
Bears are omnivorous animals that eat both plants and meat.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnfɔːrθˈkʌmɪŋ/

unforthcoming

Meaning
Not willing to talk or provide information; uncooperative.
Example
The witness was unforthcoming about what he had seen.
B2 noun /ˈskaɪˌskreɪpər/

Skyscraper

Meaning
a very tall building of many stories
Example
The new skyscraper dominates the city's skyline.
C2 noun /ˈflæt.ər.ər/

Flatterer

Meaning
a person who lavishes praise, often insincerely and in order to gain advantage
Example
The king was surrounded by flatterers who only told him what he wanted to hear.
B2 verb /trɛk/

trek

Meaning
to go on a long, difficult journey, especially on foot
Example
They trekked across the mountains for three days.
A2 adjective, noun /ˈkloʊsər/

closer

Meaning
more near in distance or relationship; someone or something that concludes an activity
Example
She moved closer to the window.
B2 adjective /ˌoʊvərˈwɛlmɪŋ/

overwhelming

Meaning
Very intense; overpowering.
Example
Large tasks can feel overwhelming.
C2 noun /ˈɡrɑːtoʊ/

grotto

Meaning
a small picturesque cave, often artificial
Example
Tourists visited the grotto hidden behind the waterfall.
C1 noun /ˈhæŋ.ər/

Hanger

Meaning
a shaped piece of wood, plastic, or metal with a hook at the top, used to hang up clothes
Example
She hung her dress on a wooden hanger to prevent it from getting wrinkled.
C1 verb /dɪsˈpruːv/

disprove

Meaning
to show that something is false or wrong
Example
The scientist worked hard to disprove the old theory.
C2 noun /ɪˈmɒdəsti/

immodesty

Meaning
lack of modesty or decency; behavior or attitude that is overly bold or improper
Example
The article was criticized for its tone of immodesty.
B1 noun /ˈfeɪ.ljər/

Failure

Meaning
lack of success; an unsuccessful person, enterprise, or thing
Example
The project's failure was due to poor planning and communication.
B2 noun /ˈɔr.fən/

Orphan

Meaning
a child whose parents are dead; someone without protective support
Example
The orphan was adopted by a loving family.
B1 noun /kɒp/

cop

Meaning
a police officer (informal)
Example
The cop stopped the car for speeding.
C1 noun /ˈheɪvən/

haven

Meaning
a safe place or shelter
Example
The library became a haven for students during exams.
B1 adjective /ˌælfəˈbɛtɪkəl/

alphabetical

Meaning
Arranged in the order of the letters of the alphabet.
Example
The names were listed in alphabetical order.
B1 adjective /ˈæbsənt/

absent

Meaning
not present at a place or event
Example
She was absent from the meeting yesterday.
C2 noun /ˈɡrændɪləkwəns/

grandiloquence

Meaning
Pompous or extravagant language, style, or manner, often intended to impress
Example
The politician’s speech was full of empty grandiloquence.
C1 noun /ˈmɑːrtər/

Martyr

Meaning
A person who is killed because of their religious or political beliefs
Example
He became a martyr for the cause of freedom and democracy.
A1 noun /ˈwɪmən/

woman

Meaning
an adult human female
Example
The woman at the counter helped me.
C2 noun /kəˈlɒsəti/

callosity

Meaning
A thickened or hardened area of skin; insensitivity or hardness of character.
Example
Years of manual labor left callosity on his hands.
B1 noun /skriːn/

Screen

Meaning
a flat surface on which pictures or words are shown; a movable partition used to divide a room
Example
The movie was displayed on a large screen in the theater.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈvaɪələt/

inviolate

Meaning
free from violation, injury, or desecration; kept safe and untouched
Example
The ancient temple remained inviolate for centuries.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈtriːvəbl/

irretrievable

Meaning
impossible to recover or regain
Example
The documents were lost in an irretrievable way after the fire.
C1 noun ɪɡˌzæs.pəˈreɪ.ʃən

exasperation

Meaning
Extreme irritation or frustration.
Example
He sighed in exasperation after hearing the same excuse again.
B2 noun prəˈɡreʃ.ən

progression

Meaning
The process of developing or moving gradually towards a more advanced state.
Example
Progression in technology drives innovation.
B2 verb /spɛər/

spare

Meaning
To give something that one has extra of; to refrain from harming or killing.
Example
Could you spare me a few minutes of your time?
B1 noun /ˈpæsɪŋ/

passing

Meaning
the act of moving past something or the end of someone's life
Example
The passing of the leader was a great loss for the nation.
C1 verb /dɪsˈkwɑːlɪfaɪ/

disqualify

Meaning
to officially prevent someone from participating or being eligible
Example
The referee decided to disqualify the player for cheating.
A2 noun /ˈkændl/

candle

Meaning
a stick of wax with a wick that burns to give light
Example
She lit a candle during the power cut.
C1 noun səˈfɪʃənsi

sufficiency

Meaning
The condition of being adequate or enough; adequacy.
Example
The sufficiency of food supply is critical for survival.
C2 noun /ˌɔːrnɪˈθɑːlədʒi/

ornithology

Meaning
the scientific study of birds
Example
She pursued ornithology to understand the migration patterns of birds.
A2 noun /ɡluː/

Glue

Meaning
a sticky substance used for sticking objects or materials together; an adhesive
Example
The children used white glue to attach the colorful paper pieces to their art project.
C2 noun /ɜːrˈbænɪti/

urbanity

Meaning
refined courtesy, elegance, and sophistication in manner
Example
Her urbanity made her popular among diplomats and leaders.
B1 adjective /ˈiːvəl/

evil

Meaning
Profoundly immoral and wicked.
Example
They believed the villain was the embodiment of evil.
C1 verb /ˈkɒnsɪkreɪt/

consecrate

Meaning
to make something sacred, usually through a religious ceremony
Example
The church was consecrated by the bishop.
C2 noun /ræpˈskæliən/

rapscallion

Meaning
A mischievous or cheeky person; a rascal.
Example
The little rapscallion hid his brother’s shoes as a prank.
C2 adjective /vaɪˈtjuːpərəbl̩/

vituperable

Meaning
Deserving of blame, censure, or harsh criticism.
Example
His reckless actions made him vituperable in the eyes of his colleagues.
B2 noun /ˈaʊt.breɪk/

Out-break

Meaning
a sudden occurrence or eruption of something, especially disease or violence
Example
The outbreak of flu affected many students in the school.
B2 verb /ˈvænɪʃ/

vanish

Meaning
to disappear suddenly; to become invisible
Example
The magician made the rabbit vanish from the hat.
B2 noun /lɪˈdʒɪtɪməsi/

legitimacy

Meaning
the quality of being accepted as right, proper, or lawful
Example
The legitimacy of the election was questioned by observers.
C2 noun ˌmɛtəkɒɡˈnɪʃən

metacognition

Meaning
Awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes
Example
Metacognition enhances problem-solving abilities.
C2 noun /kəˈlɒsəs/

colossus

Meaning
A person or thing of enormous size, importance, or ability.
Example
Einstein was a colossus in the world of science.
B1 noun ˈmeʒ.ərz

measures

Meaning
A plan or course of action taken to achieve a particular purpose.
Example
Mitigation measures focus on reducing emissions.
B1 verb /əbˈzɜːrv/

observe

Meaning
to watch carefully; to notice or perceive something
Example
Scientists observe the behavior of animals in the wild.
C1 verb /drɛntʃ/

drench

Meaning
to make someone or something completely wet
Example
The sudden rain drenched the players on the field.
C1 verb /ˈdɛnɪˌɡreɪt/

denigrate

Meaning
to criticize unfairly; to belittle or disparage someone or something
Example
He was quick to denigrate the achievements of his colleagues.
C2 adjective /ˈtræktəbəl/

tractable

Meaning
easy to control or influence
Example
The child was surprisingly tractable during the long journey.
C2 noun /kɪˈrɒpədɪst/

chiropodist

Meaning
A healthcare professional who diagnoses and treats foot problems.
Example
The chiropodist treated her painful corns and calluses.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈmɒdəl/

remodel

Meaning
To change the structure or form of something, especially a building.
Example
They decided to remodel their kitchen last summer.
B2 noun/verb /ˈfɒs.tər.ɪŋ/

fostering

Meaning
The process of encouraging or promoting the development or growth of something; nurturing and caring for.
Example
Good teachers play a key role in fostering creativity in students.
C1 noun /ˈtrænsfərəns/

transference

Meaning
The act of moving something from one place, person, or situation to another.
Example
The transference of knowledge is essential in education.
C1 verb /ˈmjuːteɪt/

mutate

Meaning
To change or cause to change in form, nature, or character.
Example
The virus can mutate into a more dangerous strain.
C2 adjective /ˌmæl.əˈfɪʃ.ənt/

maleficient

Meaning
Doing harm or evil; having a harmful effect.
Example
The maleficient acts of the tyrant ruined the kingdom.
C1 verb /ˈpɪlɪdʒ/

pillage

Meaning
to rob or plunder a place, especially during war
Example
The invading army pillaged the village and took all valuables.
B1 verb /dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ/

developing

Meaning
the process of growing, improving, or becoming more advanced
Example
She is developing new skills in programming.
C1 adjective /ˌəʊvərˈstɪmjʊˌleɪtɪd/

overstimulated

Meaning
Excessively excited or aroused, overwhelmed by too much stimulus.
Example
Overstimulated minds can lead to burnout and decreased productivity.
C1 verb /ˈkænvəs/

canvass

Meaning
to solicit votes or opinions; to examine thoroughly; to discuss in detail
Example
They will canvass the neighborhood for votes.
B2 adjective prɪˈlɪm.ɪ.nər.i

preliminary

Meaning
Denoting an action or event preceding or done in preparation for something fuller or more important.
Example
Preliminary steps are crucial before the main project.
B2 noun /ˈwɜːrkˌfɔːrs/

workforce

Meaning
the people engaged in or available for work
Example
The company is looking to expand its workforce by 20%.
B2 noun /ˈʌndərˌteɪkɪŋ/

undertaking

Meaning
A task, project, or responsibility that someone agrees to do.
Example
Starting a new company is a difficult undertaking.
C2 noun /ˈfɪli/

filly

Meaning
a young female horse
Example
The filly ran swiftly across the meadow.
B1 noun ɪnˈven.ʃən

invention

Meaning
The action of inventing something, typically a process or device.
Example
The invention revolutionized communication.
C1 noun /eb/

Ebb

Meaning
the receding tide; a gradual decline or reduction
Example
The fishermen waited for the ebb before returning to shore.
B2 noun /ˈfɪʃ.ɪŋ/

phishing

Meaning
The fraudulent practice of sending emails purporting to be from reputable companies in order to induce individuals to reveal personal information.
Example
Phishing emails often trick people into revealing passwords.
B2 noun ˈfrʌn.tɪərz

frontiers

Meaning
The extreme limit of settled land beyond which lies wilderness; the limits of knowledge or achievement in a particular field.
Example
The project pushes the frontiers of space exploration.
B2 noun ˌæd.æpˈteɪ.ʃən

adaptation

Meaning
The action or process of adapting or being adapted.
Example
Adaptation to climate change is critical for resilience.
B2 noun, verb, adjective /ˈpeɪtənt/ or /ˈpætənt/

patent

Meaning
a government license granting exclusive rights to an inventor; also to obtain such rights
Example
He patented his new invention to protect it from being copied.
A2 adverb /bɪˈsaɪdz/

Besides

Meaning
in addition to; moreover; furthermore
Example
Besides being smart, he is also kind.
C1 adjective /ˌprɛfəˈrɛnʃəl/

preferential

Meaning
showing or giving advantage to one over others
Example
Members receive preferential treatment at the club.
B2 noun /ˈækjərəsi/

Accuracy

Meaning
the quality of being correct or precise; exactness
Example
The accuracy of the measurements is very important.
B2 noun /ɪnˈtɒlərəns/

intolerance

Meaning
unwillingness to accept or endure beliefs, behaviors, or conditions different from one's own
Example
The leader was criticized for his intolerance toward other religions.
C2 adjective /roʊˈtʌnd/

rotund

Meaning
round or plump in shape; full in sound
Example
The rotund cat struggled to climb the fence.
C1 verb /dɪˈfɔːrm/

deform

Meaning
to change the shape or form of something, especially in a way that makes it ugly or damaged; to distort
Example
The intense heat began to deform the plastic container.
A2 noun /kəˈmjuː.nə.ti/

community

Meaning
a group of people living in the same place or sharing common interests
Example
The community worked together to clean the park.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈɡlɔːriəs/

inglorious

Meaning
Causing shame or disgrace; not bringing honor or glory.
Example
The army suffered an inglorious defeat.
C2 adjective /ˈlɔːdəˌtɔːri/

laudatory

Meaning
Expressing praise or admiration.
Example
She wrote a laudatory review of the new book.
C1 noun /mɪˈrɑːʒ/

Mirage

Meaning
An optical illusion caused by atmospheric conditions, especially in deserts
Example
The travelers saw a mirage of water in the desert.
C2 noun /ˈdʒʌŋk.tʃər/

jucture

Meaning
a particular point in time, especially one of great importance or crisis
Example
At this critical jucture, the company must decide whether to expand or downsize.
B2 verb /ˈɔːdɪt/

audit

Meaning
to examine and verify financial records or accounts officially
Example
The accountant will audit the company's books next month.
C2 adjective /vɜːrˈtɪdʒɪnəs/

vertiginous

Meaning
Causing dizziness due to great height or steepness.
Example
The tourists looked down from the vertiginous cliffs with awe.
C2 noun /ˈhæbɪtjuːd/

habitude

Meaning
a customary condition or mode of life; habitual practice
Example
He lived in a quiet habitude, avoiding the noise of the city.
B1 adjective /aɪˈdiːəl/

ideal

Meaning
the best possible; perfect for a situation
Example
This place is ideal for a picnic.
B2 noun /ˈlænd.leɪ.di/

Landlady

Meaning
a woman who rents out land, a building, or accommodation; a female property owner
Example
The friendly landlady provided fresh towels and showed us around the apartment.
B2 noun /spaɪt/

spite

Meaning
a desire to hurt, annoy, or offend someone
Example
She refused the gift out of spite.
C2 noun /ˈɔɪl.mən/

Oilman

Meaning
a person who works in the oil industry; someone who sells oil or petroleum products
Example
The oilman discovered a new oil field in the desert.
B2 noun /əˈbjuːs/

Abuse

Meaning
cruel and violent treatment; improper use of something
Example
The abuse of power led to his resignation.
C2 noun /ˌnjʊə.rəʊˈdʒɛn.ɪ.sɪs/

neurogenesis

Meaning
The process of forming new nerve cells in the brain.
Example
Scientists are studying neurogenesis to understand brain health.
B2 verb /əˈblaɪdʒ/

oblige

Meaning
to compel or require someone to do something; to help or do a favor
Example
I would be happy to oblige you with the information you need.
C2 noun /ˈɛpəlɛt/

epaulette

Meaning
A variant spelling of epaulet, also meaning a shoulder ornament, especially on military uniforms.
Example
The officer’s epaulette shone brightly under the sunlight.
C1 noun /ˈtriːzən/

Treason

Meaning
the crime of betraying one's country, especially by attempting to kill or overthrow the sovereign or government
Example
He was accused of treason against the state.
B2 adjective /ɪˈrɪˌspɑn.sə.bəl/

Irresponsible

Meaning
lacking a sense of responsibility; careless
Example
It was irresponsible of him to leave without telling anyone.
C2 noun /ˈhæŋ.kər.ɪŋ/

hankering

Meaning
a strong desire or craving for something.
Example
She had a hankering for chocolate late at night.
C1 adjective daɪˈvɜː.dʒənt

divergent

Meaning
Tending to be different or develop in different directions
Example
Divergent policies create challenges in collaboration.
C1 noun /ˌɑːr.kəˈpɛl.əˌɡoʊ/

archipelago

Meaning
A group of islands clustered together in a body of water.
Example
Indonesia is an archipelago with thousands of islands.
A2 noun /ˈoʊ.ʃən/

ocean

Meaning
A very large expanse of sea, especially the main areas of sea between continents.
Example
The ocean covers more than 70% of the Earth's surface.
B2 adjective /ˈaʊtˌɡoʊɪŋ/

outgoing

Meaning
Friendly and sociable; inclined to mix with others.
Example
He is an outgoing person who loves meeting new people.
C1 adjective /ˈspraɪtli/

sprightly

Meaning
full of energy and life; lively
Example
The sprightly old man danced with joy at the wedding.
A2 noun /ˈsɪl.vər/

Silver

Meaning
a shiny white precious metal used for making jewelry and ornaments
Example
The silver ring sparkled in the sunlight.
B2 adjective /ˈkɒmp(ə)rəbl/

comparable

Meaning
Able to be likened to something else in size, amount, or quality.
Example
The two products are comparable in quality but differ in price.
A2 noun /ˈmiːtɪŋ/

meeting

Meaning
A gathering of people for discussion or decision-making.
Example
The board had a meeting to finalize the budget.
A2 noun /skɪn/

Skin

Meaning
the outer covering of the body; the natural outer covering of a fruit or vegetable
Example
Her skin was soft and smooth.
C1 noun /ˈklaɪəntɛl/

clientele

Meaning
The clients or customers of a professional person or business.
Example
The salon's clientele includes many high-profile individuals.
A2 noun /ˈkɒnsət/

concert

Meaning
A musical performance given by one or more singers or musicians.
Example
We went to a concert last night and enjoyed the live music.
C1 noun /trænsˈfjuːʒən/

transfusion

Meaning
the process of transferring blood or another fluid into a person's vein
Example
The patient received a blood transfusion after the accident.
C2 adjective /ˈkɒndaɪn/

condign

Meaning
deserved, appropriate, and fitting (especially punishment)
Example
The criminal received condign punishment for his crimes.
B2 noun /ˈrɪdəl/

Riddle

Meaning
a question or statement intentionally phrased so as to require ingenuity in ascertaining its answer or meaning; a puzzle
Example
The ancient riddle stumped all the scholars for years.
B2 adjective /əˈpærənt/

apparent

Meaning
Clearly visible or understood; obvious.
Example
It soon became apparent that he was not telling the truth.
C1 noun /ˌdɪsəˈbiːdiəns/

disobedience

Meaning
failure or refusal to obey rules, laws, or authority
Example
The child's disobedience worried his parents.
B2 verb /ˈsteɪ.bə.laɪz/

stabilize

Meaning
to make something steady, secure, or unlikely to change suddenly
Example
The government took measures to stabilize the economy.
C1 verb /ˌɪn.trəˈspekt/

introspect

Meaning
To examine one's own thoughts, feelings, or mental state.
Example
He often introspects before making important decisions.
B1 adverb /səkˈsɛsfəli/

successfully

Meaning
in a way that achieves a desired result
Example
She passed the exam successfully after weeks of studying.
A2 adjective /ˈfɪnɪʃt/

finished

Meaning
completed or brought to an end
Example
The painting is finished and ready to display.