demonstrations
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B1 noun ˌdemənˈstreɪʃənz

demonstrations

Meaning
The action or process of showing the existence or truth of something by giving proof or evidence.
Example
Demonstrations occurred on March 11.
B1 adverb /ˈdiːp.li/

Deeply

Meaning
to a great depth; intensely; profoundly
Example
She breathed deeply before making her decision.
B1 noun ˈsɛʃənz

sessions

Meaning
A meeting of an official body, especially a court of law, to conduct its business; a period devoted to a particular activity.
Example
The sessions lasted for three hours.
B1 noun ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ æps

language apps

Meaning
Mobile or computer applications designed to help users learn new languages through interactive lessons and exercises.
Example
Language apps make learning easier.
B1 verb /ˌɛntərˈteɪn/

entertain

Meaning
to provide amusement, enjoyment, or hospitality to others
Example
The comedian entertained the audience with his jokes.
B1 noun /ˈtæblət/

tablet

Meaning
a small flat computer or a small solid dose of medicine
Example
She took a tablet to relieve her headache.
B1 verb /lend/

lend

Meaning
to give temporarily; to allow someone to use something
Example
Can you lend me your pen?
B1 noun /ˈbaɪər/

buyer

Meaning
a person who makes a purchase
Example
The buyer inspected the car before making payment.
B1 noun /ˌkjʊr.iˈɑs.ɪ.ti/

Curiosity

Meaning
a strong desire to know or learn something; an unusual or interesting object or fact
Example
Her curiosity about different cultures led her to travel around the world.
B1 noun /ˈen.tri/

Entry

Meaning
an act of going or coming in; an item written or printed in a record
Example
His entry into the competition was submitted just before the deadline.
B1 adverb /ˈpraʊdli/

proudly

Meaning
in a way that shows pride or satisfaction; with a sense of honor or achievement
Example
She proudly displayed her achievements to her family.
B1 noun /feɪm/

Fame

Meaning
the condition of being known or talked about by many people
Example
The young actor achieved international fame with his latest movie.
B1 noun /trænzˈleɪʃən/

translation

Meaning
the process of converting text or speech from one language into another
Example
She completed the translation of the book within two months.
B1 adjective dɪˈleɪd

delayed

Meaning
Late or postponed; happening later than planned or expected.
Example
The Artemis mission was delayed due to technical challenges.
B1 noun /prɪnt/

Print

Meaning
words, letters, or pictures produced on paper using a machine; a mark made by pressing something onto a surface
Example
The book is available in both digital and print versions.
B1 noun /weɪl/

Whale

Meaning
a very large marine mammal with a streamlined hairless body, a horizontal tail fin, and a blowhole on top of the head for breathing
Example
The blue whale is the largest animal ever known to have lived on Earth.
B1 noun /ˈfaɪər.mən/

Fireman

Meaning
a person whose job is to extinguish fires and rescue people
Example
The brave fireman rescued the family from the burning building.
B1 adverb /ˈrʌfli/

Roughly

Meaning
approximately; in a harsh or violent way
Example
The project will take roughly three months to complete.
B1 noun /ˈɑb.stə.kəl/

Obstacle

Meaning
something that blocks or makes progress difficult; a barrier
Example
Bad weather was the main obstacle to our journey.
B1 verb /peɪst/

paste

Meaning
to stick something onto a surface using glue or adhesive
Example
I paste the picture into my scrapbook.
B1 noun /ˈmɒr.əl/

Moral

Meaning
a lesson about right and wrong conduct; principles of right behavior
Example
The moral of the story is to always tell the truth.
B1 noun /rɪˈpleɪsmənt/

replacement

Meaning
the act of substituting one thing or person for another
Example
She got a replacement for her damaged phone.
B1 verb, noun /klɪp/

clip

Meaning
to cut or trim something; a short extract from a film, broadcast, or recording
Example
She clipped the coupon from the newspaper.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈeɪ.bəl/

Unable

Meaning
lacking the power, skill, or means to do something
Example
He was unable to attend the meeting.
B1 verb /dræɡ/

drag

Meaning
to pull something heavy or difficult to move along the ground; to go somewhere unwillingly; to last too long
Example
She had to drag the heavy suitcase up the stairs.
B1 verb /rɪˈtaɪə/

retire

Meaning
to stop working after reaching a certain age or having completed a career
Example
She decided to retire after working for 40 years.
B1 verb /rɪˈflekt/

reflect

Meaning
to think deeply about; to mirror back light or image
Example
The mirror reflects her beautiful face.
B1 verb /ˈwɪspər/

whisper

Meaning
to speak very softly using one's breath without vocal cords
Example
She whispered a secret in my ear.
B1 noun /ˈstʌmək eɪk/

stomach ache

Meaning
Pain in the stomach or abdominal area
Example
I have a stomach ache after eating too much.
B1 noun /ɪˈlɛktrɪk ˈkɛtəl/

Electric Kettle

Meaning
An electrical appliance that heats water quickly using electricity
Example
The electric kettle automatically turns off when the water starts boiling.
B1 noun, verb /ˈfəʊtəʊˌkɒpi/

photocopy

Meaning
a copy of a document made using a photocopying machine; to make such a copy
Example
Please photocopy these documents before the meeting.
B1 noun ɪmˈplɔɪmənt

employment

Meaning
The condition of having paid work; the action of giving work to someone.
Example
Employment was limited to Urdu speakers.
B1 noun /kjuː/

Queue

Meaning
a line of people or things waiting for something; a sequence
Example
We had to wait in a long queue to buy tickets for the movie.
B1 verb ɪnˈspaɪər

inspire

Meaning
To fill someone with the urge or ability to do or feel something, especially creative or noble.
Example
Artemis seeks to inspire future generations.
B1 verb /ˈkæptʃər/

capture

Meaning
to take control of something or someone by force
Example
The soldiers managed to capture the enemy base.
B1 noun /stæf/

staff

Meaning
a group of employees working together in an organization
Example
The staff at the hospital are very helpful.
B1 verb /dɪˈfiːt/

Defeat

Meaning
to win a victory over; to overcome in battle or competition
Example
The army managed to defeat the enemy forces.
B1 verb /ˈpɜːrtʃəs/

purchase

Meaning
to buy something; to acquire by paying money
Example
I need to purchase groceries for the week.
B1 noun /ˈbʌb.əl/

bubble

Meaning
a thin sphere of liquid enclosing air or gas; a temporary state of inflated value or excitement
Example
The children chased the bubbles in the air.
B1 adjective /ˈmɑːrvələs/

marvelous

Meaning
Causing great wonder or delight; extraordinary.
Example
She gave a marvelous performance on stage.
B1 noun faʊnˈdeɪʃən

foundation

Meaning
The lowest load-bearing part of a building, typically below ground level.
Example
The foundation of the building was laid with strong materials.
B1 adjective /ˈfɔːrmər/

former

Meaning
Having been previously in a particular role or position.
Example
He is a former president of the association.
B1 adjective, noun /ˈroʊmən/

roman

Meaning
relating to Rome or its people; a citizen of ancient Rome
Example
The Roman Empire influenced much of modern civilization.
B1 noun /ˈkæbɪn/

cabin

Meaning
a small shelter or house, often made of wood in a remote area
Example
They spent the weekend in a cozy cabin in the mountains.
B1 noun /ˈtʃær.ɪ.ti/

Charity

Meaning
the voluntary giving of help to those in need; kindness and tolerance in judging others
Example
The wealthy businessman donated millions to charity for education.
B1 adjective ˈʃɔːrt.tɜːrm

short-term

Meaning
Occurring over or involving a relatively short period of time.
Example
Investing in stocks can yield short-term profits.
B1 noun ˈpɒdkɑːsts

podcasts

Meaning
A digital audio or video file or recording, usually part of a themed series, that can be downloaded from a website to a media player or computer.
Example
Podcasts are great for improving listening.
B1 adjective /əˈlaɪk/

Alike

Meaning
similar in appearance or nature; in the same way
Example
The two sisters look very much alike.
B1 verb /prəˈsiːd/

proceed

Meaning
to continue with a course of action; to move forward
Example
Let's proceed with the meeting as planned.
B1 noun /taɪl/

tile

Meaning
a flat piece of baked clay or other material used for covering roofs, floors, or walls
Example
The kitchen floor is covered with ceramic tiles.
B1 adjective /ˈɛstɪmeɪtɪd/

estimated

Meaning
roughly calculated or judged; an approximate value or amount
Example
The estimated cost of the project is five million dollars.
B1 noun /bɪərd/

Beard

Meaning
hair that grows on the chin and lower cheeks of a man's face
Example
He grew a long beard during the winter months.
B1 verb /ʃuːt/

shoot

Meaning
to fire a bullet or arrow from a weapon; to take a photograph or film
Example
He learned how to shoot a bow and arrow.
B1 noun aɪˈdɛntɪti

identity

Meaning
The fact of being who or what a person or thing is; the characteristics determining who or what a person or thing is.
Example
The day reinforces our national identity.
B1 adjective /ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl/

electrical

Meaning
related to electricity or the use of electrical power
Example
The electrical system in the house needs repair.
B1 noun /ˌnæʃəˈnæləti/

nationality

Meaning
The status of belonging to a particular nation, either by birth or naturalization.
Example
Her nationality is Canadian, though she was born in France.
B1 verb /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/

disappoint

Meaning
to fail to fulfill the hopes or expectations of someone; to make someone feel sad or displeased
Example
I hope I won't disappoint you with my performance.
B1 adjective /fɒnd/

fond

Meaning
having a strong liking or affection for something or someone
Example
She is fond of painting and spends hours in front of her canvas.
B1 noun /ˈleɪ.bər/

Labour

Meaning
work involving physical or mental effort; workers as a group
Example
The construction required months of hard labour to complete.
B1 noun dɪˈmɒk.rə.si

democracy

Meaning
A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.
Example
Democracy ensures equal rights for all citizens.
B1 noun /ɪˈskeɪp/

Escape

Meaning
an act of breaking free from confinement or control; a way out
Example
The prisoner's escape from the jail shocked the authorities.
B1 verb ɪkˈspændɪd

expanded

Meaning
Made or become larger or more extensive.
Example
Expanded opportunities in education can transform lives.
B1 adjective /ədˈvɛnʧərəs/

adventurous

Meaning
Willing to take risks or try out new methods, ideas, or experiences.
Example
They participated in adventurous activities like kayaking and hiking.
B1 adjective /ˌoʊvərˈsiːz/

overseas

Meaning
in or to a foreign country across the sea
Example
He went overseas for higher education.
B1 verb /træk/

track

Meaning
To follow or trace the course or progress of something.
Example
Someone can easily track your location on social media.
B1 noun /doʊˈneɪ.ʃən/

Donation

Meaning
something that is given to a charity, especially a sum of money; the act of giving
Example
The generous donation helped the hospital purchase new medical equipment.
B1 noun /ˈlaɪtɪŋ/

lighting

Meaning
the arrangement or use of light in a place; the act of providing light
Example
The lighting in the restaurant created a warm and cozy atmosphere.
B1 noun ˈpeɪʃəns

patience

Meaning
The capacity to accept or tolerate delay, problems, or suffering without becoming annoyed or anxious
Example
Patience is essential when chasing big goals.
B1 verb /krɔːl/

crawl

Meaning
to move slowly on hands and knees; to move very slowly
Example
The baby crawled across the floor to reach the toy.
B1 verb /riˈækt/

react

Meaning
to respond or behave in a particular way to something
Example
She reacted angrily when she heard the news.
B1 noun /weɪv/

Wave

Meaning
a moving ridge on the surface of water; a gesture of greeting or farewell
Example
The surfer rode the big wave all the way to the shore.
B1 noun səˈluː.ʃənz

solutions

Meaning
A means of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation.
Example
Biotechnology provides solutions to environmental challenges.
B1 adjective /ˈkæʒ.u.əl/

Casual

Meaning
relaxed and unconcerned; happening by chance; informal
Example
He wore casual clothes to the party.
B1 noun /bʊl/

bull

Meaning
a male animal of the cattle family; sometimes refers to a strong or aggressive man
Example
The bull charged across the field towards the red flag.
B1 noun /pərˈsɛntɪdʒ/

percentage

Meaning
a proportion or share in relation to a whole
Example
The percentage of students who passed the exam was high.
B1 noun /kənˈkluː.ʒən/

Conclusion

Meaning
the end or finish of an event, process, or text; a judgment or decision reached by reasoning
Example
The conclusion of the research paper summarized all the important findings.
B1 noun /ˈreɪn.dɪər/

Reindeer

Meaning
a large deer with branched horns that lives in cold northern areas
Example
Santa's reindeer pulled his sleigh across the sky.
B1 noun /ˈkɒləm/

column

Meaning
A vertical structure that supports a building; also a section of text arranged vertically in a newspaper or table.
Example
The ancient temple had tall marble columns.
B1 verb /ʌnˈræp/

unwrap

Meaning
remove wrapping or covering from something; reveal something gradually or clearly
Example
She carefully unwrapped the gift with excitement.
B1 noun /ˈrɛzɪdəns/

residence

Meaning
a place where someone lives; a home or dwelling
Example
He recently moved to a new residence near the city center.
B1 verb /rɪˈspɒnd/

respond

Meaning
to give an answer or reply; to react to something
Example
Please respond to my email as soon as possible.
B1 noun /əˈtrækʃən/

Attraction

Meaning
the action or power of evoking interest or pleasure in something; a place that draws visitors
Example
The museum is the main attraction for tourists in this city.
B1 verb /əˈdɔːr/

adore

Meaning
to love deeply and respect highly
Example
She adores her little sister.
B1 noun /ˈkɔːrɪdɔːr/

corridor

Meaning
a long passage in a building from which doors lead into rooms
Example
The students waited quietly in the corridor.
B1 noun /ˌmoʊtɪˈveɪʃən/

motivation

Meaning
the reason or drive for acting or behaving in a particular way
Example
She lost her motivation to continue the project.
B1 noun rɪˈsɜː.tʃəz

researchers

Meaning
People who study and investigate to discover new information or facts.
Example
Researchers are working on innovative solutions.
B1 noun /dɜːrt/

Dirt

Meaning
a substance that makes something unclean; earth or soil; unclean matter
Example
After playing in the garden, the children were covered in dirt from head to toe.
B1 noun /ˈflaʊər veɪs/

Flower-vase

Meaning
a decorative container used to hold cut flowers
Example
She placed beautiful roses in the flower vase on the table.
B1 noun /ˈlænd.skeɪp/

Landscape

Meaning
all the visible features of an area of countryside or land; the art of designing outdoor areas
Example
The mountain landscape was breathtaking with its snow-capped peaks and green valleys.
B1 preposition /ˈvɜːsəs/

versus

Meaning
against (in a competition or conflict)
Example
The team is playing versus their biggest rivals.
B1 noun, verb /flæɡ/

flag

Meaning
a piece of fabric with a symbol or colors; or to mark or signal attention
Example
They raised the national flag during the ceremony.
B1 adjective ɪˈməʊʃənl

emotional

Meaning
Having feelings that are easily excited and openly displayed.
Example
Visiting the burial site made him emotional.
B1 adjective /ˈæbsənt/

absent

Meaning
not present at a place or event
Example
She was absent from the meeting yesterday.
B1 noun /əˈkaʊntənt/

accountant

Meaning
a person whose job is to keep or check financial accounts
Example
The accountant prepared the financial reports for the company.
B1 adjective /ˈtrʌbəld/

troubled

Meaning
experiencing or showing distress, anxiety, or worry
Example
He looked deeply troubled after hearing the bad news.
B1 noun /mʌɡ/

Mug

Meaning
a large cup, typically cylindrical and having a handle and used without a saucer
Example
She drank her morning coffee from a ceramic mug.
B1 noun /bɪˈheɪ.vjər/

Behaviour

Meaning
the way a person or animal acts or conducts themselves
Example
His behaviour at the meeting was very professional.
B1 noun /ˈlʌvər/

lover

Meaning
a person who is in a romantic relationship or has strong affection for someone
Example
She met her lover at the café every evening.
B1 noun /ˈpʌn.ɪʃ.mənt/

Punishment

Meaning
penalty given for doing something wrong or breaking a rule
Example
The student received punishment for cheating on the exam.
B1 verb /ɪkˈsplɔːrɪŋ/

exploring

Meaning
Investigating or studying thoroughly; searching into or ranging over for the purpose of discovery.
Example
They are exploring different areas of Antarctica.
B1 noun /ˈpaʊdər/

powder

Meaning
a fine, dry substance made of very tiny particles
Example
She sprinkled some powder on the cake.
B1 noun /ruːˈtiːn/

routine

Meaning
A sequence of actions regularly followed; a fixed program.
Example
A well-structured routine improves productivity.
B1 adjective /ˈriː.zən.ə.bəl/

Reasonable

Meaning
fair and sensible; not too expensive; logical and practical
Example
The hotel offers reasonable prices for quality accommodation.
B1 noun; gerund /ˈnɪtɪŋ/

knitting

Meaning
the craft or activity of making fabric by interlocking loops of yarn with needles; the act of forming something closely or firmly together
Example
She spends her evenings knitting scarves for her family.
B1 noun /nɛt/

net

Meaning
a piece of material made of threads or ropes woven together, used to catch or hold things
Example
The fisherman cast his net into the sea.
B1 noun ˈem.fə.sɪs

emphasis

Meaning
Special importance, value, or prominence given to something; stress laid on a particular point or aspect.
Example
The speaker placed emphasis on sustainable development.
B1 adjective əkˈsep.tɪd

accepted

Meaning
Generally believed or recognized to be valid or correct.
Example
The accepted terms were discussed in detail.
B1 adjective /ˈsɪniər/

senior

Meaning
having a higher rank or status; older or more experienced
Example
He is the senior manager in the department.
B1 noun /ˌɑk.jəˈpeɪ.ʃən/

Occupation

Meaning
a job or profession; the action of taking control of a place
Example
Teaching is her chosen occupation.
B1 noun /ˈælkəhɒl/

alcohol

Meaning
A colorless volatile liquid that is the intoxicating constituent of wine, beer, spirits, and other drinks.
Example
Too much alcohol can damage your liver.
B1 noun /ˈspiːʃiːz/

Species

Meaning
a group of living organisms that can reproduce with each other; a type or kind
Example
The Amazon rainforest is home to thousands of animal species.
B1 adverb /ˈriː.zən.ə.bli/

Reasonably

Meaning
in a sensible way; fairly; to a moderate degree
Example
The hotel room was reasonably priced for the location.
B1 noun /striːm/

stream

Meaning
A small, narrow river; a continuous flow of something.
Example
The stream of life is unstoppable.
B1 noun hoʊm əˈplaɪ.ənsɪz

home appliances

Meaning
Electrical devices and machines used in households for daily tasks and convenience.
Example
Modern home appliances enhance convenience.
B1 noun /dɪˈzɜːrts/ (noun: reward or punishment deserved)

deserts

Meaning
what someone deserves, especially punishment or reward
Example
He finally got his just deserts for cheating in the exam.
B1 noun /ˈfeɪvər/

favor

Meaning
An act of kindness or approval.
Example
She asked him for a small favor.
B1 verb /leɪ/

lay

Meaning
to put something down in a flat position; to place carefully
Example
Please lay the book on the table.
B1 adverb /ˈmiːn.waɪl/

Meanwhile

Meaning
at the same time; during the same period
Example
She was cooking dinner, meanwhile he was setting the table.
B1 noun /ˈkæt.ər.pɪl.ər/

Caterpillar

Meaning
the larva of a butterfly or moth that feeds on plants
Example
The caterpillar ate all the leaves on the plant.
B1 noun /ˈpiː.nʌt/

Peanut

Meaning
an edible seed that grows underground and is commonly eaten as a snack or used in cooking
Example
Roasted peanuts are a popular snack in many countries.
B1 noun /ˈmæn.ɪdʒ.mənt/

management

Meaning
The process of dealing with or controlling things or people.
Example
Proper management minimizes environmental damage.