B2 verb /dɪˈfɜːr/

defer

Meaning

To postpone or delay; to yield to someone else's judgment or opinion.

Example

The meeting was deferred until next week.

B2 noun /dɪˈnaɪ.əl/

Denial

Meaning

the action of declaring something to be untrue; refusal to acknowledge something

Example

His denial of involvement in the scandal was met with skepticism.

C1 noun dɪˈskrep.ən.siz

discrepancies

Meaning

Differences between things that should be the same

Example

Discrepancies in regulations delay progress.

B1 noun /dəˈrɛktər/ or /daɪˈrɛktər/

director

Meaning

a person who manages or oversees a company, department, or film

Example

The director gave final approval for the new movie script.

B1 noun ˈdɪsɪplɪn

discipline

Meaning

The practice of training people to obey rules or a code of behavior, using punishment to correct disobedience

Example

Discipline helps maintain focus and productivity.

C1 verb /dəˈmɛstɪkeɪt/

domesticate

Meaning

to tame an animal for use by humans; to adapt something for domestic use

Example

Humans domesticated dogs thousands of years ago.

B1 verb /dɪɡ/

dig

Meaning

to break up and move earth with a tool or machine, or with hands, paws, etc.

Example

They decided to dig a hole for the new tree.

B2 verb /dɪˈpɪkt/

depict

Meaning

to represent or show something in a picture, story, or other art form

Example

The painting depicts a beautiful sunset over the sea.

A1 noun /ˈdɒktər/

doctor

Meaning

A qualified medical professional who treats illnesses and injuries.

Example

The doctor prescribed medicine for the patient.

B2 adjective /dɪˈvaɪn/

Divine

Meaning

heavenly; sacred; godlike; relating to God or a deity

Example

The divine beauty of the sunset took their breath away.

B2 adjective /dɪˈstrʌktɪv/

Destructive

Meaning

causing damage; harmful

Example

The hurricane was highly destructive to coastal areas.

C1 noun /dɪˈfaɪəns/

defiance

Meaning

Open resistance or bold disobedience.

Example

The protest was an act of defiance against injustice.

C2 noun /doʊlt/

dolt

Meaning

A stupid or slow-witted person.

Example

Only a dolt would believe such a story.

C2 noun /dɪˈpɑːzɪtər/

depositor

Meaning

a person who places money in a bank or financial institution

Example

The bank provides insurance to protect depositors’ funds.

C1 noun dɪˌzɝː.t̬ə.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

desertification

Meaning

The process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture.

Example

Deforestation accelerates desertification.

B2 adjective /dɪm/

Dim

Meaning

not bright; having little light; faint

Example

The room was dim with only a small candle for light.

C1 noun /dɪˈvaɪzər/

divisor

Meaning

A number by which another number is divided.

Example

In the equation 12 ÷ 3, the number 3 is the divisor.

C2 noun /dɪˈspɔɪlər/

despoiler

Meaning

A person who robs, plunders, or violently takes things from others.

Example

The despoilers left the city in ruins.

C2 adjective /dɪˈmoʊniˌæk/

demoniac

Meaning

possessed, produced, or influenced by a demon; frenzied or violent

Example

The soldiers fought with demoniac fury.

C1 adjective daɪˈvɜː.dʒənt

divergent

Meaning

Tending to be different or develop in different directions

Example

Divergent policies create challenges in collaboration.

B1 verb /dɪˈpɛndɪŋ/

depending

Meaning

Being contingent on or influenced by something.

Example

The success of the plan is depending on the team's effort.

A2 noun /dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/

department

Meaning

a division of a large organization such as a government, university, or company

Example

She works in the marketing department.

C2 verb /dɔːb/

daub

Meaning

to spread a thick or sticky substance carelessly on a surface

Example

The children daubed paint all over the walls.

A2 noun /daʊt/

Doubt

Meaning

a feeling of uncertainty or lack of conviction; distrust or suspicion

Example

There was no doubt in her mind that she had made the right decision.

B2 noun /ˈdef.ə.sɪt/

Deficit

Meaning

the amount by which something is too small; a shortfall or lack

Example

The government faced a budget deficit of millions due to increased spending.

C1 adjective /ˈdek.stər.əs/

dexterous

Meaning

Showing or having skill, especially with the hands; mentally adroit and skillful.

Example

A dexterous programmer can write complex codes effortlessly.

A2 verb /diːl/

deal

Meaning

to distribute or give out something; to handle or manage

Example

He had to deal with many problems at work.

C2 noun /ˌdɪsɪnklɪˈneɪʃən/

disinclination

Meaning

a lack of willingness or desire to do something

Example

She showed a clear disinclination to join the meeting.

C2 verb /ˈdiːɪfaɪ/

deify

Meaning

to treat or worship someone or something as a god

Example

Some fans deify their favorite celebrities.

C1 noun /ˈdɑː.mə.saɪl/

domicile

Meaning

A person's legal residence or permanent home.

Example

He declared Canada as his legal domicile.

C1 verb diːˈsɛn.sɪ.taɪz

desensitize

Meaning

To make someone less sensitive or reactive to something through repeated exposure.

Example

Constant exposure to violence can desensitize people.

B2 noun /dɪˈpen.dənt/

Dependent

Meaning

a person who relies on another for financial support; someone who depends on others

Example

As a tax dependent, she could not file her own tax return separately.

C1 adjective deft

deft

Meaning

Neatly skillful and quick in one's movements; dexterous and adroit.

Example

The artist's deft hands created a masterpiece.

B2 verb /dʌmp/

dump

Meaning

to drop or dispose of something carelessly; to end a relationship suddenly

Example

He dumped all the trash into the bin.

C1 verb /ˌdɪsɪmˈbɑːrk/

disembark

Meaning

To leave a ship, aircraft, or other vehicle.

Example

The passengers disembarked from the plane after landing.

C2 adjective /dɪˈkɔːrəs/

decourous

Meaning

characterized by propriety, good taste, and proper manners

Example

She maintained a decourous silence during the ceremony.

B2 noun /ˌdɒkjʊmɛnˈteɪʃən/

documentation

Meaning

material that provides official information or evidence

Example

The documentation for the project is available for review.

C1 noun /dɪˈskrep.ən.si/

discrepancy

Meaning

A lack of compatibility or similarity between two or more facts.

Example

The audit revealed a discrepancy between the reported earnings and actual income.

C1 noun ˌdjʊə.rəˈbɪl.ə.ti

durability

Meaning

The ability to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; hard-wearing.

Example

The durability of materials affects performance.

C1 noun /ˈduːmz.deɪ/

Doomsday

Meaning

the last day of the world's existence; a time of catastrophic destruction

Example

The preacher spoke about doomsday and the importance of preparing spiritually.

C1 noun /deɪˈbɑː.kəl/

debacle

Meaning

A sudden and ignominious failure; a fiasco.

Example

The company's poor management led to a financial debacle.

C1 verb /ˈdræm.ə.taɪz/

dramatize

Meaning

to present a story in a dramatic way, or to exaggerate something

Example

The novel was dramatized into a popular TV series.

C1 adjective /dɪˈspɒndənt/

despondent

Meaning

feeling or showing deep hopelessness or discouragement

Example

She felt despondent after losing her job.

C1 adjective /dɪˈreɪndʒd/

deranged

Meaning

mentally disturbed or insane; behaving irrationally

Example

The deranged man shouted nonsense in the street.

A1 noun /dres/

Dress

Meaning

a piece of clothing for women or girls that covers the body and extends down over the legs

Example

She wore a beautiful blue dress to the party.

A2 noun /ˈden.tɪst/

Dentist

Meaning

a medical professional who treats teeth and oral health

Example

I need to visit the dentist for a regular checkup.

B2 verb/noun /ˌdɪsrɪˈɡɑːrd/

disregard

Meaning

To ignore something; lack of consideration or respect for something.

Example

He disregarded the warning signs and kept driving.

A2 verb /daɪ/

die

Meaning

to stop living; to cease to exist

Example

The flowers will die without water.

C2 adjective /ˈdɪlətɔːri/

dilatory

Meaning

Tending to cause delay; slow to act.

Example

The committee was criticized for its dilatory response to the crisis.

B2 verb /dæʃ/

dash

Meaning

to move quickly and suddenly; to strike or break something violently

Example

She dashed across the street to catch the bus.

A2 noun dɪˈveləpmənt

development

Meaning

The process of developing or being developed; growth or progress.

Example

Development of Bengali society was hindered.

C1 adjective /dɪsˈkwaɪətɪŋ/

disquieting

Meaning

Causing worry, unease, or anxiety.

Example

The news report was deeply disquieting to the public.

C1 verb /ˈdæb.əl/

dabble

Meaning

To take part in an activity in a casual or superficial way.

Example

He dabbled in painting during his college days.

C2 verb /dɪsˈɡɔːrdʒ/

disgorge

Meaning

to discharge or pour out; to vomit; to give up reluctantly

Example

The broken pipe disgorged water all over the floor.

C1 noun /diːˈkrɪp.ʃən/

decryption

Meaning

The process of converting encrypted data back into its original form so it can be understood.

Example

Hackers attempted decryption of classified data.

A1 noun /dɛsk/

desk

Meaning

a piece of furniture with a flat surface used for writing or working

Example

The books are on the desk.

C2 noun /daɪˈvʌldʒəns/

divulgence

Meaning

the act of revealing or disclosing something secret or private

Example

The divulgence of company secrets caused a major scandal.

C2 verb /ˌdɛlɪˈkwɛs/

deliquesce

Meaning

to become liquid by absorbing moisture from the air

Example

The salt began to deliquesce after being left in the humid room.

C1 adjective /dɪˈsɜːrnəbl/

discernible

Meaning

able to be seen, recognized, or understood

Example

There was a discernible change in his behavior.

B2 adjective /dɪˈvɔːrst/

divorced

Meaning

No longer married because the marriage has been legally dissolved.

Example

She has been divorced for five years.

A2 noun /dɒl/

doll

Meaning

a small toy resembling a human figure, especially for children

Example

The little girl hugged her favorite doll tightly.

B2 verb /dɪˈspaɪz/

despise

Meaning

to regard with contempt; to hate strongly

Example

She despises dishonesty in all its forms.

B2 verb /dɪsˈmɪs/

dismiss

Meaning

to remove someone from a job or position; to decide something is not important

Example

The manager dismissed the employee for being late too often.

C2 noun /ˈdrɪvəl/

drivel

Meaning

silly or nonsensical talk

Example

The politician’s speech was full of meaningless drivel.

B2 adjective /dɪˈvoʊtɪd/

devoted

Meaning

Very loving, loyal, or dedicated.

Example

She is a devoted mother who always puts her children first.

C2 verb /dɪˈmɜːr/

demur

Meaning

to raise doubts, objections, or show reluctance

Example

She agreed to help without demur.

C1 noun dɪˈdʒɛnəˌreɪtɪv dɪˈzizɪz

degenerative diseases

Meaning

Medical conditions that involve the deterioration or progressive decline of tissues, organs, or functions

Example

Degenerative diseases are common in an aging population.

B2 adjective /dɪˈsɛptɪv/

deceptive

Meaning

Giving an appearance or impression different from the truth; misleading.

Example

Appearances can be deceptive.

C1 verb/adjective /dɪˈdʒɛnəreɪt/

degenerate

Meaning

To decline or deteriorate in quality, character, or condition; or someone with low moral standards.

Example

The once thriving empire began to degenerate into chaos.

B2 noun dɪˈstrækʃən

distraction

Meaning

Something that prevents concentration or takes attention away from something else.

Example

Distraction during study time can hinder learning.

C1 adjective /dɪˈfaɪənt/

Defiant

Meaning

boldly resistant or challenging; disobedient

Example

The defiant student refused to follow the rules.

B2 adjective /dɪˈzaɪərəbl/

desirable

Meaning

worth having or wanting; attractive

Example

The location of the house was highly desirable, with great views.

C1 noun, verb /dɪsˈɑːnər/

dishonor

Meaning

a state of shame or loss of respect; to bring shame upon someone or something

Example

The soldier felt he had brought dishonor to his family.

C2 verb /diːˈpɒpjʊˌleɪt/

depopulate

Meaning

To reduce the number of people living in a place.

Example

The war threatened to depopulate the once-thriving town.

B2 adverb /ˈden.sli/

densely

Meaning

In a closely compacted or crowded manner.

Example

The area is densely covered with trees.

C2 noun /ˌdiːlɛkˈteɪʃən/

delectation

Meaning

great pleasure or delight

Example

She read the story aloud for the delectation of her friends.

C2 noun /ˌdɪʃəˈbiːl/

dishabille

Meaning

The state of being only partly or loosely dressed; casual or careless attire.

Example

She answered the door in a state of dishabille, wearing just a robe.

C1 noun /dɪˈlɪriəm/

delirium

Meaning

An acutely disturbed state of mind characterized by restlessness, illusions, and incoherence.

Example

The patient experienced delirium after the surgery due to the strong medication.

C2 noun /drɛɡz/

dregs

Meaning

the remnants of a liquid left in a container, together with any sediment or grounds; the most worthless part of something

Example

He drank the dregs of the coffee before leaving.

C1 verb /dɪsˈpleɪs/

displace

Meaning

to force someone or something out of their usual or original position; to replace or substitute

Example

The new technology will displace many traditional manufacturing jobs.

A2 noun /dɪˈsɪʒ.ən/

Decision

Meaning

a conclusion or resolution reached after consideration; the action of deciding

Example

Making the right decision required careful analysis of all available options.

A2 noun /ˈdaɪəri/

diary

Meaning

a book in which one keeps a daily record of events and experiences

Example

She wrote about her day in her diary before going to bed.

C1 verb /ˌdɪskənˈsɜːrt/

disconcert

Meaning

To unsettle, confuse, or disturb the composure of someone.

Example

The sudden change of plans disconcerted the team.

C1 adjective /dɪˈfʌŋkt/

defunct

Meaning

No longer existing, operating, or functioning.

Example

The company became defunct after the financial crisis.

B2 adjective daɪˈdʒes.tɪv

digestive

Meaning

Relating to the digestion of food.

Example

Digestive enzymes help break down food.

C2 adjective /dɪˈlɛktəbl̩/

delectable

Meaning

delicious or highly enjoyable

Example

The restaurant served a delectable meal.

C1 noun /ˈdɛdlɒk/

deadlock

Meaning

a situation in which progress is impossible because of disagreement

Example

Negotiations reached a deadlock after neither side agreed to compromise.

C2 noun /ˌdɪsrɪˈpjuːt/

disrepute

Meaning

the state of being held in low esteem or having a bad reputation

Example

The scandal brought the politician into disrepute.

C1 noun /dɪˈmiːnər/

demeanour

Meaning

a person's outward behavior or appearance

Example

Her calm demeanour impressed everyone during the meeting.

B2 verb dɪˈtɪrɪəˌreɪts

deteriorates

Meaning

To become progressively worse; to decline in quality, condition, or strength.

Example

The quality of air deteriorates due to pollution.

A2 adjective /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/

dangerous

Meaning

likely to cause harm or injury; unsafe

Example

Driving fast on icy roads is dangerous.

C1 noun /ˈdɛspətɪzəm/

despotism

Meaning

absolute power exercised in a cruel and oppressive way

Example

The people revolted against the era of despotism.

C2 noun /ˌdɪskənˈtɪnjʊəns/

discontinuance

Meaning

the act of stopping something, especially permanently

Example

The discontinuance of the service disappointed many customers.

C2 noun /ˈdɛkəˌɡɒn/

decagon

Meaning

A polygon with ten sides and ten angles.

Example

The geometry teacher drew a perfect decagon on the board.

B2 noun /dɪˈnɒmɪˌneɪtər/

denominator

Meaning

the number below the line in a fraction; a common factor in a situation

Example

In the fraction 3/4, the number 4 is the denominator.

C1 adjective /dɪˈlɪriəs/

delirious

Meaning

in an extremely disturbed or excited state of mind, often due to illness or emotion

Example

He was delirious with fever and kept muttering nonsense.

B2 noun /dɔːn/

Dawn

Meaning

the first appearance of light in the sky before sunrise; the beginning or start of something

Example

The fishermen set out to sea before dawn to catch the morning tide.

B2 verb /dɪˈsiːv/

deceive

Meaning

To cause someone to believe something that is not true.

Example

He tried to deceive his friends with a fake story.

B1 adjective /ˈdefɪnət/

Definite

Meaning

clearly stated or decided; not vague or uncertain; specific

Example

We need a definite answer by tomorrow.

C2 noun /ˈdɛrɪk/

derrick

Meaning

A framework or tower used for supporting a crane, especially for oil drilling or lifting heavy loads.

Example

The workers assembled a derrick at the oil drilling site.

B2 noun /dæm/

Dam

Meaning

a barrier constructed to hold back water and raise its level; a female parent of an animal

Example

The massive dam provides electricity and controls flooding in the region.

B2 noun /ˈdrɔː.bæk/

Drawback

Meaning

a feature that renders something less acceptable; a disadvantage or problem

Example

The main drawback of living in the city is the high cost of housing.

B2 noun /dɪkˈteɪtə/

dictator

Meaning

a ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained control by force

Example

The dictator ruled the country with an iron fist.

C2 adjective /ˈdɔːnt.ləs/

dauntless

Meaning

Showing fearlessness and determination; brave and resolute.

Example

The dauntless soldier fought against all odds.

B2 adjective /ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ/

devastating

Meaning

causing severe shock, distress, or destruction; extremely damaging or upsetting

Example

The earthquake had a devastating effect on the city.

C2 verb /drəˈɡuːn/

dragoon

Meaning

to force someone to do something through coercion or intimidation

Example

The manager tried to dragoon the team into working overtime.

A2 verb /drɔː/

draw

Meaning

to create pictures or designs with a pencil or pen

Example

She draws beautiful landscapes in her spare time.

C2 noun /ˈdʌlərd/

dullard

Meaning

a slow or stupid person

Example

He was considered a dullard by his classmates.

C2 verb /dɪsˈkʌmfɪt/

discomfit

Meaning

to make someone feel uneasy, embarrassed, or confused

Example

The interviewer’s tough questions discomfited the candidate.

C2 adjective /dɪˈsɛnʃəs/

dissentious

Meaning

Causing or likely to cause disagreement and conflict.

Example

His dissentious remarks divided the group further.

C1 noun /ˈdeɪ.li.ə/

Dahlia

Meaning

a garden plant with brightly colored flowers that bloom in summer and autumn

Example

She planted colorful dahlias in her garden last summer.

B1 adjective /drʌŋk/

drunk

Meaning

affected by alcohol to the point of losing control of one's faculties or behavior

Example

He was too drunk to walk straight.

C1 noun /dɪˈluːʒən/

delusion

Meaning

A false belief or impression maintained despite being contradicted by reality.

Example

He lived under the delusion that he was invincible.

C2 noun /ˈdeb.juː.tɑːnt/

debutante

Meaning

A young woman making her first formal appearance in society.

Example

The debutante wore a white gown at the ball.

C1 adjective /ˈdɛkədənt/

decadent

Meaning

Characterized by or reflecting a state of moral or cultural decline; excessively self-indulgent.

Example

The party was filled with decadent luxury and excess.

B2 verb /dɪˈmɒlɪʃ/

demolish

Meaning

to destroy completely, especially a building or structure

Example

The city decided to demolish the old stadium to build a new one.

C1 adjective ˈdɪs.pər.ət

disparate

Meaning

containing elements very different from one another.

Example

Their opinions were disparate, leading to debates.

C1 adjective /ˈdjuːtɪfəl/

Dutiful

Meaning

conscientiously fulfilling one's duty; obedient; respectful

Example

She is a dutiful daughter who always helps her parents.

C2 adjective /ˈdɪsəluːt/

dissolute

Meaning

lacking moral restraint; indulging excessively in sensual pleasures

Example

He led a dissolute life filled with parties and gambling.

C2 noun /dæmˈneɪ.ʃən/

Damnation

Meaning

condemnation to eternal punishment in hell; something that causes ruin or failure

Example

The preacher spoke about salvation and damnation in his sermon.

C1 noun /ˌdɪp.ləˈmæt.ɪk ˈmaɪl.stəʊn/

diplomatic milestone

Meaning

A significant achievement or important event in diplomatic relations.

Example

Hosting the summit was a diplomatic milestone.