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C1 noun /ˈɔːnɪŋ/

awning

Meaning
a sheet of canvas or material stretched on a frame to shelter a place from the sun or rain
Example
We sat under the awning to avoid the heavy rain.
B2 noun /ˌæl.əˈkeɪ.ʃən/

allocation

Meaning
The action or process of distributing resources or duties for a particular purpose.
Example
Budget allocation for education must be increased.
C2 adjective /əˈɡeɪp/ or /əˈɡɑːp/

agape

Meaning
With the mouth wide open in surprise or wonder.
Example
She stood agape at the breathtaking view.
C1 adjective /əˈluːf/

aloof

Meaning
Not friendly or forthcoming; cool and distant.
Example
He remained aloof during the entire discussion.
B1 noun ɔːlˈtɜːrnətɪv

alternative

Meaning
(Of one or more things) available as another possibility or choice.
Example
Finding an alternative to plastic is essential.
A2 verb /əˈtend/

attend

Meaning
to be present at; to give attention to; to take care of
Example
I will attend the conference next week.
C2 adjective /ˌæntɪˈθɛtɪkəl/

antithetical

Meaning
Directly opposed or contrasted; mutually incompatible.
Example
His views were antithetical to the values of the organization.
B2 verb /əˈbændən/

abandon

Meaning
to give up completely; to leave permanently
Example
They had to abandon their house due to flooding.
C1 noun əˈrɪd.ɪ.ti

aridity

Meaning
The state of being extremely dry, especially having insufficient rainfall to support vegetation.
Example
The aridity of the land is increasing due to climate change.
B2 noun /ˈæktɪˌvɪzəm/

activism

Meaning
The policy or action of using vigorous campaigning to bring about political or social change.
Example
Her environmental activism inspired many young people to take action.
B2 adjective /əˈbrʌpt/

abrupt

Meaning
Sudden or unexpected, often without warning.
Example
The car came to an abrupt stop in the middle of the road.
C1 adjective ɔːɡˈmen.tɪd

augmented

Meaning
having been made greater in size or value.
Example
The new software provided augmented reality features.
C1 adverb /iːsˈθetɪkli/

aesthetically

Meaning
in a way that is concerned with beauty or visual appeal
Example
The building is aesthetically pleasing despite its simple design.
B2 adjective /ˌæksɪˈdɛntl/

accidental

Meaning
happening by chance, unintentionally
Example
The fire was caused by an accidental spark.
A2 verb /əˈnaʊns/

announce

Meaning
to make a formal public statement about something
Example
The company will announce the new product tomorrow.
B2 adjective /əˈdʒʌstəbəl/

Adjustable

Meaning
নিয়মযোগ্য; পরিবর্তন-সাধ্য; সমন্বয়যোগ্য;
Example
This chair has an adjustable height feature.
B1 adjective əkˈsep.tɪd

accepted

Meaning
Generally believed or recognized to be valid or correct.
Example
The accepted terms were discussed in detail.
B2 noun /ˈɑːrtɪzən/

artisan

Meaning
a skilled craftsperson who makes things by hand
Example
The artisan crafted a beautiful wooden chair.
C2 verb /əˈsɪdɪfaɪ/

acidify

Meaning
to make something acidic or more acidic
Example
Farmers worry that pollution will acidify the soil.
A2 adverb /əˈpɑːrt/

Apart

Meaning
separately; away from each other; in pieces
Example
The two buildings are far apart from each other.
A1 adverb /ˈɔːl.weɪz/

Always

Meaning
at all times; on all occasions; forever
Example
She always arrives early to work.
C2 adjective /əˈsiːtɪk/

acetic

Meaning
relating to or containing acetic acid; sour or vinegary in taste or smell
Example
The acetic smell of vinegar filled the kitchen.
B1 adjective /æθˈlɛtɪk/

athletic

Meaning
physically strong, fit, and active; related to athletes or sports
Example
She has an athletic body because she exercises regularly.
B2 noun ədˈvɑːns.mənts

advancements

Meaning
The process of promoting or moving forward; development or improvement.
Example
Scientific advancements enhance global innovation.
A1 pronoun /ˈɛnɪθɪŋ/

anything

Meaning
any object, event, or matter; whatever thing
Example
You can ask me anything about the project.
A2 verb /əˈnɔɪ/

annoy

Meaning
to irritate or bother someone and make them feel a little angry or uncomfortable
Example
His constant humming started to annoy everyone in the room.
A1 adjective /ˈæŋ.ɡri/

Angry

Meaning
feeling or showing strong displeasure; furious; irritated
Example
She was angry because someone had broken her favorite vase.
B2 noun əˌkjuː.mjəˈleɪ.ʃən

accumulation

Meaning
The gradual gathering or collecting of something over time.
Example
The accumulation of dust affects appliance efficiency.
B2 verb /əˈvɜːrt/

avert

Meaning
to prevent something bad from happening or to turn away one's eyes or thoughts
Example
Quick action helped avert a disaster.
B1 adjective /əˈlaɪk/

Alike

Meaning
similar in appearance or nature; in the same way
Example
The two sisters look very much alike.
B2 noun/adjective /ˌædəˈlɛsənt/

adolescent

Meaning
A young person in the process of developing from a child into an adult.
Example
Adolescents often experience rapid physical and emotional changes.
B1 adjective /ˈɔːkwəd/

awkward

Meaning
causing or feeling embarrassment; difficult to deal with
Example
There was an awkward silence after his joke.
A2 noun /ˈæk.tər/

Actor

Meaning
a person whose profession is acting on the stage, in movies, or on television
Example
The famous actor won an award for his performance in the new movie.
C2 noun /əˌkædəˈmɪʃən/

academician

Meaning
a member of an academy; a scholar or expert in a field of study
Example
The academicians gathered to discuss the future of education.
C1 adjective /ˈæʃən/

ashen

Meaning
Very pale in appearance, often due to shock, fear, or illness.
Example
His face turned ashen when he heard the terrible news.
B2 noun əˈʃɔː.rəns

assurance

Meaning
A positive declaration intended to give confidence; a promise.
Example
Assurance of quality is a priority for the council.
C1 adjective /ˈænsɪləri/

ancillary

Meaning
providing necessary support to the main system or organization
Example
The company provides ancillary services to the healthcare industry.
C2 noun /əˈdɛndəm/

addendum

Meaning
an additional item or piece of information added at the end of a document or book
Example
The report included an addendum with updated statistics.
C2 verb /əˈvɜːr/

aver

Meaning
to state or assert something confidently and strongly
Example
She averred that she was innocent.
C1 verb /əˈseɪl/

assail

Meaning
to attack violently, either physically or with words
Example
The politician was assailed with difficult questions.
C2 verb /əbˈhɔːr/

abhor

Meaning
to regard with disgust and hatred
Example
She abhors cruelty to animals.
C1 adjective /ˌeɪθiˈɪstɪk/

atheistic

Meaning
Relating to or characteristic of atheists or atheism.
Example
She grew up in an atheistic household with no religious rituals.
C2 noun /ˌækwəˈpɒnɪks/

aquaponics

Meaning
A system of aquaculture in which the waste produced by farmed fish or other aquatic animals supplies nutrients for plants grown hydroponically.
Example
Aquaponics efficiently utilizes water by integrating fish and plant farming.
A2 noun /ˈæk.ʃən/

Action

Meaning
the process of doing something; something that is done
Example
We need to take action to solve this problem.
C1 noun /ˈæmfɪˌθiətər/

amphitheater

Meaning
A large open circular or oval building with rising tiers of seats, used for public events.
Example
The concert was held in an ancient amphitheater.
C2 noun ˌæm.ɔː.tɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

amortization

Meaning
The process of paying off debt with regular payments over time.
Example
The amortization schedule showed a 10-year repayment plan.
C2 adjective /ɔːˈrɪfərəs/

auriferous

Meaning
Containing or producing gold.
Example
The miners discovered an auriferous vein in the mountains.
C2 verb /əˈpraɪz/

apprise

Meaning
to inform or notify someone
Example
The manager will apprise the staff of the new policies.
C1 verb /əˈnʌl/

annul

Meaning
to declare something legally invalid or cancel it
Example
The court decided to annul the marriage due to fraud.
A2 adverb /əˈbrɔːd/

Abroad

Meaning
in or to a foreign country
Example
She decided to study abroad for a year.
B2 noun /əˌbriːviˈeɪʃən/

abbreviation

Meaning
a shortened form of a word or phrase
Example
NASA is an abbreviation for National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
C1 noun /ədˈhɪə.rəns/

adherence

Meaning
The practice of following or keeping to a rule, standard, or belief.
Example
Adherence to rules is crucial in any organization.
C2 noun /ˈɑːr.bɪ.trɑːʒ/

arbitrage

Meaning
The simultaneous buying and selling of securities in different markets to take advantage of differing prices.
Example
Investors use arbitrage to make profits in global markets.
C1 noun /ˈæntlɚ/

antler

Meaning
The branched horns on the head of a deer or similar animal, usually shed and regrown annually.
Example
The deer’s antlers grew larger each year.
B2 verb əˈlaɪn.ɪŋ

aligning

Meaning
Placing or arranging things in a straight line or in correct relative positions.
Example
Aligning education with global standards is vital.
C2 noun /ænˈtɪfəni/

antiphony

Meaning
a form of music in which two or more groups or choirs sing alternately in response to each other
Example
The cathedral's architecture was designed to enhance the effect of antiphony.
C1 verb /eɪl/

ail

Meaning
to be ill or suffer from a physical or mental problem; to trouble or afflict
Example
She has been ailing since last winter.
C2 noun /ˌæfɛkˈteɪʃən/

affectation

Meaning
an unnatural behavior or speech intended to impress others
Example
Her British accent was just an affectation to sound sophisticated.
B2 verb /əˈbɒlɪʃ/

abolish

Meaning
to formally end or stop something; to cancel or eliminate completely
Example
The government decided to abolish the old tax system.
A2 noun /ədˈvæn.tɪdʒ/

Advantage

Meaning
a condition or circumstance that puts one in a favorable position; a benefit
Example
Having a college degree gives you an advantage in the job market.
C1 adjective /ɔːˈtʌmnəl/

autumnal

Meaning
relating to or characteristic of autumn; occurring in autumn
Example
The autumnal colors of red and gold filled the forest.
C1 verb /əˈsɪm.ɪ.leɪt/

assimilate

Meaning
To take in and understand fully; to absorb and integrate into one's knowledge or culture.
Example
Immigrants often struggle to assimilate into a new culture.
C1 noun /əˈbɪs/

abyss

Meaning
a deep, immeasurable space, chasm, or void; something seemingly without end
Example
The climbers looked down into the dark abyss below.
C2 noun /əˈmæl.ɡəm/

amalgam

Meaning
a mixture or blend of different things
Example
The new policy is an amalgam of several previous laws.
C2 verb /əˈdʒʌdʒ/

adjudge

Meaning
to consider or declare officially in a legal or formal manner
Example
He was adjudged guilty by the court.
C1 adjective /ænˈtɪriər/

anterior

Meaning
Situated at or toward the front; coming before in position or time.
Example
The anterior part of the brain controls logical thinking.
C2 adjective /əˌnækrəˈnɪstɪk/

anachronistic

Meaning
belonging to a period other than that being portrayed; old-fashioned or outdated
Example
His views on gender roles are considered anachronistic.
C2 verb /ˈæntɪdeɪt/

antedate

Meaning
to be earlier in time; to assign a date earlier than the actual one
Example
The manuscript antedates the modern printing press.
C2 verb /əˈkɒst/

accost

Meaning
to approach and speak to someone boldly or aggressively
Example
The reporter was accosted by protesters outside the courthouse.
C2 noun /ˌænɪˈmɒmɪtər/

anemometer

Meaning
An instrument used to measure the speed and direction of wind.
Example
The scientist used an anemometer to record the wind speed during the storm.
C2 adjective /ˌæl.ɪˈmen.tər.i/

alimentary

Meaning
relating to nourishment or the organs of digestion
Example
The doctor explained the role of the alimentary canal in digestion.
B2 adjective /ˈædvɜːrs/

Adverse

Meaning
harmful; unfavorable; opposing; negative
Example
The adverse weather conditions forced them to cancel the event.
A1 noun /ˈæp.əl/

Apple

Meaning
a round fruit with red, green, or yellow skin and white flesh
Example
I eat an apple every day for breakfast.
B2 adjective /əˈdɪktɪd/

addicted

Meaning
Being unable to stop engaging in a particular activity or consuming a particular substance.
Example
Many people are addicted to social media.
C2 verb /əˈsɛvəˌreɪt/

asseverate

Meaning
to affirm or declare positively and earnestly
Example
He asseverated that he had never seen the man before.
B2 verb /ˈælaɪ/

ally

Meaning
To unite or form a connection or partnership with another person, group, or nation.
Example
The two countries decided to ally against their common enemy.
B2 noun /æs/

Ass

Meaning
a donkey; a small domesticated animal of the horse family
Example
The farmer used an ass to carry heavy loads.
C2 noun /ˈæsɪˌteɪt/

acetate

Meaning
a salt or ester of acetic acid; a synthetic material used in textiles and film
Example
The company produces acetate fibers for clothing.
C2 adjective /eɪˈsɛptɪk/

aseptic

Meaning
Free from contamination caused by harmful microorganisms; sterile.
Example
Surgeons must work in an aseptic environment to prevent infection.
B1 adjective /ɑːrˈtɪstɪk/

artistic

Meaning
having or revealing natural creative skill
Example
She has an artistic sense of design.
B2 adjective /əˈnɒn.ɪ.məs/

Anonymous

Meaning
having an unknown name or identity; nameless
Example
The author published the book under an anonymous pseudonym.
C2 adjective /ˈeɪ.li.ə.nə.bəl/

alienable

Meaning
Able to be transferred or surrendered, usually referring to rights or property.
Example
Property rights are alienable and can be sold or transferred.
C1 noun ˌæf.ɔːr.ɪˈsteɪ.ʃən

afforestation

Meaning
The action of planting trees on an area of land in order to form a forest.
Example
Afforestation helps restore biodiversity.
B2 noun /ˈæltɪtuːd/

altitude

Meaning
the height of an object or point in relation to sea level or ground level
Example
The airplane is flying at an altitude of 30,000 feet.
B1 verb /əˈsɪst/

assist

Meaning
to help or support someone in doing something
Example
The nurse will assist the doctor during the surgery.
B2 adjective /ˈærəɡənt/

Arrogant

Meaning
having an exaggerated sense of one's importance; proud
Example
His arrogant behavior made him very unpopular.
B2 adjective /ˈænɪmeɪtɪd/

animated

Meaning
Full of life or excitement; made using animation techniques.
Example
The animated film was loved by children and adults alike.
C2 noun /əˈbaɪdəns/

abidance

Meaning
the act of following, accepting, or complying with something
Example
Her abidance by the rules impressed the committee.
B2 noun /eɪd/

aide

Meaning
An assistant or helper, especially to an important person.
Example
The senator’s aide organized the meeting with journalists.
C1 noun /ˈæŋɡwɪʃ/

anguish

Meaning
Severe mental or physical pain or suffering.
Example
She was in deep anguish after hearing the tragic news.
B2 noun /ˌædməˈreɪʃən/

admiration

Meaning
a feeling of respect, pleasure, or approval for someone or something
Example
She felt great admiration for her teacher’s dedication.
B2 adjective/verb /əˈprɒksɪmət/

approximate

Meaning
close to the actual but not exact; to estimate or calculate roughly
Example
The cost is approximate and may change later.
B2 noun /ˌæktɪˈveɪʃən/

activation

Meaning
the act of making something start functioning
Example
The activation of the system took longer than expected.
C2 verb /əˈkriːt/

accrete

Meaning
to grow or increase gradually by accumulation or addition
Example
Dust particles accrete over time to form larger celestial bodies.
B2 noun /ˈæməzɒn/

amazon

Meaning
A tall, strong, or powerful woman.
Example
She fought like an amazon in the competition.
C2 noun /ˈɛərəˌnɔːt/

aeronaut

Meaning
A person who travels in an airship, balloon, or other aircraft.
Example
The aeronaut skillfully guided the hot-air balloon across the valley.
C1 noun /ˈæltoʊ/

alto

Meaning
the second highest adult singing voice, between soprano and tenor
Example
She sang the alto part in the choir beautifully.
B1 noun/verb /əˈwɔːrd/

award

Meaning
a prize or recognition given for an achievement; to give a prize or recognition
Example
She received an award for her outstanding performance.
C1 noun /əˈbændənmənt/

abandonment

Meaning
the act of leaving someone or something behind completely; the state of being deserted
Example
The child suffered deep emotional pain because of abandonment.
B1 adjective /ˌælfəˈbɛtɪkəl/

alphabetical

Meaning
Arranged in the order of the letters of the alphabet.
Example
The names were listed in alphabetical order.
C1 adjective /ˌeɪ.bəlˈbɒd.id/

able-bodied

Meaning
physically strong and healthy, not disabled
Example
The company is looking for able-bodied workers for the construction site.
C2 adjective /əˈbɔːrtɪv/

abortive

Meaning
Failing to produce the intended result; unsuccessful.
Example
Their abortive attempt to climb the mountain ended in retreat.
B2 verb /əˈspaɪər/

aspire

Meaning
to have a strong desire to achieve something
Example
Many students aspire to study abroad.
C1 noun /əˈsɛndənsi/

ascendancy

Meaning
A position of power, influence, or control over others.
Example
The company gained ascendancy in the market through innovation.
B2 noun /əˈbɔːrʃən/

abortion

Meaning
The deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, usually performed during the first 28 weeks.
Example
The debate about abortion continues to divide public opinion.
C1 noun /əˈdʒeɪsənsi/

adjacency

Meaning
The state of being next to or adjoining something else.
Example
The adjacency of the two buildings made it easy to connect them.
C2 noun /ˈɔːlmənæk/

almanac

Meaning
An annual publication containing calendars, weather forecasts, astronomical data, and other useful information.
Example
He consulted the almanac to check the phases of the moon.
C2 noun /ˈæmjʊlət/

Amulet

Meaning
an ornament or small piece of jewelry thought to give protection against evil, danger, or disease
Example
She wore a silver amulet around her neck for good luck.
A2 noun /ækˈtɪv.ə.ti/

Activity

Meaning
something that you do for interest or pleasure, or in order to achieve a particular aim
Example
Physical activity is important for good health.
C2 adjective /ˈæməˌtɔːri/

amatory

Meaning
Relating to or expressing sexual love.
Example
The poet’s verses were filled with amatory themes.
C2 noun /ˈæp.ɪˌkʌl.tʃər/

apiculture

Meaning
The practice of keeping and raising bees for honey and other products.
Example
Apiculture plays a vital role in agriculture by supporting pollination.
B2 noun /ˈæbi/

abbey

Meaning
A large church building or monastery where monks or nuns live, work, and worship.
Example
The old abbey on the hill attracts many tourists each year.
C1 noun /ˈæmpɛər/

ampere

Meaning
A unit of electric current in the International System of Units (SI), symbolized as A.
Example
The current flowing through the wire is measured in amperes.
B2 noun ˈæɡ.rɪ.kʌl.tʃɚ

agriculture

Meaning
The science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products.
Example
Sustainable agriculture can help protect the environment.
A2 verb (past tense / past participle) /əˈtræktɪd/

attracted

Meaning
felt interest or liking toward someone or something; was drawn by appeal or force
Example
She was attracted to the idea of studying abroad.
C2 noun /əˈspɜːr.ʒən/

aspersion

Meaning
An attack on the reputation or integrity of someone.
Example
He cast an aspersion on her character.
C1 verb /ˈæmpjʊteɪt/

amputate

Meaning
to cut off a limb from the body by surgery
Example
The doctors had to amputate his leg after the accident.
C2 noun /ˌædʒʊˈreɪʃən/

adjuration

Meaning
a solemn urging or appeal
Example
The priest made an adjuration for peace and unity.
C2 noun /ˌɑːrbəˈriːtəm/

arboretum

Meaning
a place where trees, shrubs, and plants are grown for scientific study or public display
Example
We visited the city’s arboretum to learn about exotic trees.
C1 noun, adjective /ˌæntiˈsɛptɪk/

antiseptic

Meaning
A substance that prevents the growth of disease-causing microorganisms; clean and free from germs.
Example
The nurse applied an antiseptic to the wound.
B2 noun əˈlaɪ.əns

alliance

Meaning
A union or association formed for mutual benefit, especially between countries or organizations.
Example
Global alliances promote environmental sustainability.