B2 verb /əˈsaɪn/

assign

Meaning

to give someone a task, duty, or responsibility

Example

The manager will assign tasks to the new employees.

B2 adjective /ˌkɑː.di.əʊˈvæs.kjʊ.lər/

cardiovascular

Meaning

Relating to the heart and blood vessels.

Example

Regular exercise improves cardiovascular health.

B2 adjective /boʊld/

Bold

Meaning

brave; confident; daring

Example

He made a bold decision to start his own business.

B2 adjective /ˈɒnɡəʊɪŋ/

ongoing

Meaning

continuing; still in progress

Example

The ongoing project will finish next month.

B2 noun /əˈpoʊ.nənt/

Opponent

Meaning

a person who disagrees with or resists a proposal or practice; someone who competes against another

Example

The chess player defeated his strongest opponent.

B2 noun /ˈvɜː.dɪkt/

verdict

Meaning

a decision made by a jury or judge in a court case

Example

The jury returned a guilty verdict after three hours of deliberation.

B2 adjective /aʊtˈstændɪŋ/

outstanding

Meaning

extremely good or impressive; not yet resolved or paid

Example

She received an award for her outstanding performance.

B2 adjective /ˈpæn.ɪ.ki/

Panicky

Meaning

feeling or showing panic; anxious and fearful

Example

The crowd became panicky when the fire alarm sounded.

B2 verb /ˌdɪsəˈpruːv/

disapprove

Meaning

to have a negative opinion about something; to consider something wrong or bad

Example

Many parents disapprove of smoking.

B2 noun /ˈbæŋkrʌpt/

Bankrupt

Meaning

a person unable to pay debts; having no money; completely lacking in something

Example

The company went bankrupt after years of poor financial management.

B2 noun/verb /swɔːrm/

swarm

Meaning

A large group of insects or people moving together.

Example

A swarm of bees surrounded the tree.

B2 noun /ˈpæd.ɪŋ/

padding

Meaning

soft material added for comfort, protection, or to fill space

Example

The chair had extra padding for comfort.

B2 noun /ˌɛkspɜːˈtiːz/

expertise

Meaning

Expert knowledge or skill in a particular area.

Example

His expertise in graphic design is widely recognized.

B2 noun /ˈtɛlɪˌskoʊp/

telescope

Meaning

An optical instrument used to make distant objects appear closer and larger by collecting and focusing light.

Example

The astronomer used a telescope to observe the distant planets.

B2 noun /dʒʌŋk/

Junk

Meaning

old or discarded articles that are considered useless or of little value; things of poor quality

Example

He cleaned out the garage and threw away all the old junk.

B2 noun /ˈrɛfjuːdʒ/

refuge

Meaning

a place that provides shelter or protection from danger or distress

Example

The villagers took refuge in the temple during the storm.

B2 verb /kənˈfɔːrm/

conform

Meaning

To comply with rules, standards, or laws.

Example

Students must conform to the school regulations.

B2 verb /ˈskrɪbəl/

scribble

Meaning

to write or draw carelessly or quickly

Example

The child scribbled all over the wall.

B2 adjective /ˌʌnəˈweər/

Unaware

Meaning

not knowing or realizing; having no knowledge of something

Example

She was completely unaware of the danger.

B2 noun /tækˈseɪʃən/

taxation

Meaning

The system of imposing and collecting taxes.

Example

Taxation is necessary for funding public services.

B2 verb /plʌndʒ/

plunge

Meaning

to jump or dive quickly; to fall sharply

Example

She plunged into the swimming pool.

B2 noun /ˈkʌs.tə.mər rɪˈten.ʃən/

Customer Retention

Meaning

The ability of a company or product to retain its customers over some specified period.

Example

High customer retention increases business sustainability.

B2 adjective /ˈkwɑː.lɪ.teɪ.tɪv/

Qualitative

Meaning

relating to quality or character rather than quantity; descriptive rather than numerical

Example

The research focuses on qualitative analysis rather than numbers.

B2 verb /ˈsteɪ.bə.laɪz/

stabilize

Meaning

to make something steady, secure, or unlikely to change suddenly

Example

The government took measures to stabilize the economy.

B2 noun /kɔːrd/

chord

Meaning

A group of musical notes played or sung together; also a straight line segment joining two points on a curve.

Example

She strummed a simple chord on the guitar.

B2 noun /prɔːn/

Prawn

Meaning

a large marine crustacean similar to shrimp but typically bigger

Example

The chef prepared delicious prawn curry with coconut milk.

B2 verb /ˈɡrʌmbəl/

grumble

Meaning

to complain quietly or in a low voice

Example

She often grumbles about the traffic.

B2 noun /ˈliːf.lət/

Leaflet

Meaning

a printed sheet of paper containing information or advertising and usually distributed free

Example

She handed out leaflets about the environmental campaign.

B2 noun /rɪˈlaɪ.əns/

Reliance

Meaning

the state of depending on something or someone for support or help

Example

His reliance on technology is concerning.

B2 noun /diˈoʊ.dər.ənt/

Deodorant

Meaning

a substance that removes or conceals unpleasant smells, especially bodily odors

Example

She applied deodorant before going to the gym to stay fresh during workout.

B2 noun /ˈfrʌn.tɪər/

frontier

Meaning

A new area of activity, knowledge, or development; the edge of knowledge or achievement.

Example

Robotic surgery is exploring a new frontier in medicine.

B2 noun, adjective /tɑːrt/

tart

Meaning

A small pie with a sweet or savory filling; or having a sharp, sour taste.

Example

She served a delicious apple tart for dessert.

B2 adjective /ɪkˈsploʊsɪv/

explosive

Meaning

able to cause an explosion; likely to burst out suddenly

Example

The situation became explosive after the argument.

B2 adjective ʌnˈprɛsɪˌdɛntɪd

unprecedented

Meaning

Never done or known before; without previous example.

Example

Unprecedented advancements in science changed human lives.

B2 adjective /ˈθʌroʊ/

thorough

Meaning

complete with regard to every detail; not superficial or partial

Example

The report was thorough and well-researched.

B2 verb /ˈæktɪveɪt/

activate

Meaning

to make something start or function

Example

She pressed the button to activate the machine.

B2 adjective /prɪˈventɪv/

Preventive

Meaning

designed to prevent something from happening; protective against disease

Example

Regular exercise is a preventive measure against heart disease.

B2 noun /ˈmʊzlɪm/

muslim

Meaning

a follower of Islam

Example

He is a devout Muslim.

B2 noun /ɪɡˌzædʒ.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

Exaggeration

Meaning

a statement that represents something as better or worse than it really is

Example

His story about the fish he caught was clearly an exaggeration.

B2 adjective /ˈruː.mi/

Roomy

Meaning

spacious; having a lot of room

Example

The apartment is very roomy with spacious bedrooms.

B2 verb /ˌoʊvərˈteɪk/

overtake

Meaning

to catch up with and pass someone or something; to surpass

Example

The runner managed to overtake his competitor in the final lap.

B2 noun /ˈkʊk.uː/

Cuckoo

Meaning

a bird known for its distinctive call and for laying eggs in other birds' nests

Example

We heard the cuckoo calling from the forest early in the morning.

B2 noun /ɡloʊb/

Globe

Meaning

a spherical or rounded object; the earth; a spherical model of the earth

Example

The teacher used a globe to show the students the locations of different countries.

B2 noun /ˈboʊld.nəs/

Boldness

Meaning

willingness to take risks; confidence and courage in behavior

Example

Her boldness in confronting the problem impressed everyone.

B2 adjective /ˈʌt.moʊst/

Utmost

Meaning

greatest; most extreme; maximum possible

Example

She showed utmost care while handling the fragile items.

B2 noun /ˈwɔːl.nʌt/

Walnut

Meaning

an edible nut with a hard shell and a wrinkled appearance

Example

I love to eat walnuts with honey for breakfast.

B2 adjective /hɪˈroʊɪk/

heroic

Meaning

showing great bravery or courage; relating to a hero or heroes

Example

The firefighter made a heroic effort to save the child.

B2 verb /ˈɪmɪɡreɪt/

immigrate

Meaning

to come to live permanently in a foreign country

Example

He immigrated to Canada five years ago.

B2 noun /ˌfiː.ɑːnˈseɪ/

Fiancee

Meaning

a woman who is engaged to be married

Example

John bought a beautiful engagement ring for his fiancee.

B2 verb /ɪnˈfɛkt/

infect

Meaning

To contaminate with a disease-causing organism.

Example

The virus can infect healthy people quickly.

B2 adjective /ˈstuː.di.əs/

Studious

Meaning

characterized by diligent study; devoted to learning

Example

She is a studious student who spends hours in the library.

B2 verb /bɪˈfrɛnd/

befriend

Meaning

to act as a friend to someone; to make friends with

Example

She befriended the new student at school.

B2 verb /ɪɡˈzɜrt/

exert

Meaning

to apply or bring to bear; to use physical or mental effort

Example

He exerted all his strength to lift the heavy box.

B2 noun /ˈbænər/

banner

Meaning

a large printed sign used for advertisements or announcements

Example

The company displayed a banner to advertise their new product.

B2 adjective /ʌnˈlɔːfl/

Unlawful

Meaning

not authorized by law; illegal

Example

The court declared the search unlawful.

B2 noun /ˌvɛrɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

verification

Meaning

The process of establishing the truth, accuracy, or validity of something.

Example

The bank requires verification of identity before opening an account.

B2 noun /ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃən/

immigration

Meaning

the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country

Example

Immigration policies vary from country to country.

B2 verb /flɪk/

flick

Meaning

to move or cause to move with a sudden quick motion

Example

He flicked the switch to turn on the light.

B2 noun, verb /treɪs/

trace

Meaning

a mark, object, or sign that shows the existence or development of something

Example

She traced the path of the river on the map.

B2 adjective /ˈdɒm.ɪ.nənt/

Dominant

Meaning

controlling, influencing, or prevailing over others; most important or powerful

Example

The dominant player controlled the entire basketball game.

B2 adjective; verb (past/participle) /əˈʃʊrd/

assured

Meaning

confident and certain; guaranteed or made certain

Example

She felt assured that everything would work out.

B2 verb /suː/

sue

Meaning

to bring a lawsuit against someone in a court of law

Example

She decided to sue the company for damages.

B2 adjective əˈstɒnɪʃɪŋ

astonishing

Meaning

Extremely surprising or impressive; amazing.

Example

The astonishing discovery changed the way we view the universe.

B2 verb /buːst/

boost

Meaning

To increase, improve, or raise something.

Example

The company launched a campaign to boost sales.

B2 noun /wiːd/

Weed

Meaning

a wild plant growing where it is not wanted; unwanted plant

Example

The garden was full of weeds that needed to be removed.

B2 noun ˈθrɛʃhəʊld

threshold

Meaning

A point of entry or beginning; the magnitude or intensity that must be exceeded for a certain reaction to occur.

Example

Once the threshold for pest population is reached, measures must be taken.

B2 noun /ˈtruːθ.fəl.nəs/

Truthfulness

Meaning

the quality of being truthful; honesty and accuracy in what one says or does

Example

Her truthfulness in the investigation helped solve the case quickly.

B2 noun /ˈprɛmɪs/

premise

Meaning

a statement or idea on which reasoning or an argument is based; also a building or property

Example

His argument was based on a false premise.

B2 noun /ˈten.dən.si/

Tendency

Meaning

an inclination toward a particular characteristic or type of behavior

Example

She has a tendency to arrive late for meetings.

B2 noun /ˈteɪ.lər/

Tailor

Meaning

a person whose job is making and altering clothes

Example

The tailor measured him for a new suit.

B2 adverb /ˈsɒftli/

softly

Meaning

in a gentle or quiet way.

Example

She spoke softly so as not to wake the baby.

B2 noun /ˈwɪkɪdnəs/

wickedness

Meaning

Evil or morally bad behavior.

Example

The story highlights the wickedness of the cruel king.

B2 noun /ɡɪə(r)/

gear

Meaning

Equipment or apparatus for a particular purpose; also a toothed wheel in machinery.

Example

The climber packed all his gear before starting the journey.

B2 verb /pɪntʃ/

pinch

Meaning

to squeeze tightly between the fingers; to take a small amount

Example

She pinched a bit of salt into the soup.

B2 adjective /ˈtrʌst.wɜː.ði/

Trustworthy

Meaning

able to be relied on as honest or truthful; deserving of trust

Example

He is a trustworthy friend who always keeps his promises.

B2 verb /ˌʌndərˈɡoʊ/

undergo

Meaning

to go through something, especially something unpleasant or difficult

Example

She had to undergo surgery to recover.

B2 noun /feɪz/

Phase

Meaning

a distinct period or stage in a process of change or development

Example

The project is now in its final phase.

B2 noun; verb /breɪs/

brace

Meaning

a device that supports or strengthens something; to prepare mentally or physically for something difficult

Example

She braced herself for the strong wind.

B2 noun

Longing

B2 adverb /ˈneɪmli/

Namely

Meaning

that is to say; specifically; to be precise

Example

Three cities, namely Paris, London, and Rome, were visited.

B2 noun ˌdiː.fɒr.ɪˈsteɪ.ʃən

deforestation

Meaning

The action of clearing a wide area of trees; the permanent destruction of forests in order to make the land available for other uses.

Example

Deforestation accelerates the loss of biodiversity.

B2 verb /ˈmeməraɪz/

memorize

Meaning

to learn something by heart; to commit to memory

Example

Students need to memorize important formulas for the exam.

B2 verb /ænˈtɪsɪˌpeɪt/

anticipate

Meaning

to expect or look forward to something; to realize or foresee in advance

Example

We anticipate a large crowd at the event.

B2 adjective /ˌben.ɪˈfɪʃ.əl/

beneficial

Meaning

Resulting in good; favorable or advantageous.

Example

Eye rubbing can be beneficial in moderation.

B2 noun /ʌnˈkɒnʃəsnəs/

unconsciousness

Meaning

the state of being unaware of and unable to respond to one's surroundings

Example

After the accident, he was in a state of unconsciousness for several hours.

B2 adverb /kənˈsɪstəntli/

consistently

Meaning

in a way that does not vary; regularly and dependably

Example

She has been performing consistently well in her studies.

B2 noun ˈɡeɪm.pleɪ

gameplay

Meaning

The tactical aspects of a game, such as its plot and the way it is played.

Example

The team's gameplay was innovative.

B2 noun /ˌnɔːrθˈiːst/

northeast

Meaning

the direction between north and east; a region or area located in that direction.

Example

The storm is moving toward the northeast.

B2 noun /əbˈdʒek.ʃən/

Objection

Meaning

an expression of disagreement or disapproval; a reason for disagreeing

Example

The lawyer raised an objection during the trial.

B2 noun ˈmɒn.ə.ki

monarchy

Meaning

A form of government with a monarch at the head, where supreme power is held by a single person such as a king or queen.

Example

The monarchy was abolished during the revolution.

B2 adjective /ˈnuːkliər/

nuclear

Meaning

relating to the nucleus of an atom or to nuclear energy

Example

The country is developing nuclear energy.

B2 verb /ˈsɪmpəθaɪz/

sympathize

Meaning

to feel sorry for someone; to understand and share someone's feelings

Example

I sympathize with your loss.

B2 noun /ˈkəʊ.tɪŋ/

coating

Meaning

A protective or decorative layer applied to a surface.

Example

A protective coating prevents rust formation.

B2 verb /ˌɪntərˈviːn/

intervene

Meaning

To come between people, groups, or events, often to prevent conflict or improve a situation.

Example

The teacher had to intervene to stop the fight between the students.

B2 adjective ˈhæzədəs

hazardous

Meaning

Dangerous, risky, or potentially harmful

Example

Hazardous pollutants increase health risks.

B2 verb /straɪd/

stride

Meaning

to walk with long, decisive steps; to make progress

Example

She strode confidently across the stage.

B2 noun /ɪnˈrɪtʃ.mənt/

enrichment

Meaning

The action of improving or enhancing the quality or value of something.

Example

Cultural enrichment fosters a deeper understanding of traditions.

B2 noun /məˈlɛəriə/

malaria

Meaning

a serious infectious disease spread by mosquitoes, causing fever, chills, and sweating

Example

Malaria is a common disease in tropical regions.

B2 noun /ˈplænər/

planner

Meaning

a person who makes plans or a book used for organizing schedules and tasks

Example

She uses a daily planner to organize her meetings.

B2 adjective /rɪˈspek.tɪv/

Respective

Meaning

belonging to each individual; particular to each

Example

The students returned to their respective classrooms after lunch.

B2 noun /ˈpeɪtrən/

patron

Meaning

a person who gives financial or other support to a person, organization, or cause

Example

The library is supported by generous patrons.

B2 noun ˌrɛzɪɡˈneɪʃən

resignation

Meaning

The acceptance of something undesirable but inevitable; giving up.

Example

Her resignation from the position was unexpected.

B2 adjective /ˈnær.ə.tɪv/

Narrative

Meaning

relating to storytelling; descriptive; telling a story; recounting events

Example

The narrative structure of the novel was quite complex.

B2 noun /rɪˌlaɪəˈbɪləti/

reliability

Meaning

the quality of being trustworthy or performing consistently well

Example

Customers value the reliability of our service.

B2 noun ɪˈmɪʃ.ənz

emissions

Meaning

The production and discharge of something, especially gas, heat, light, or radiation.

Example

Carbon emissions are rising globally.

B2 verb /ˈklærɪfaɪ/

clarify

Meaning

to make clear; to explain more clearly

Example

The teacher clarifies the difficult concept.

B2 adverb /ðɛrˈæftər/

thereafter

Meaning

from that time on

Example

He moved to Canada and thereafter started a new life.

B2 verb /ɡræsp/

grasp

Meaning

to grip firmly; to understand something

Example

She finally grasped the concept after the explanation.

B2 noun /ˈkrɪstəl/

crystal

Meaning

a clear, transparent mineral or glass that forms a solid structure with regular patterns

Example

She wore a necklace made of sparkling crystal.

B2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/

promising

Meaning

showing signs of future success or potential

Example

She is a promising young scientist with great ideas.

B2 noun /nɒt/

Knot

Meaning

a fastening made by tying a piece of string, rope, or something similar; a hard mass in wood

Example

The sailor tied a secure knot to anchor the boat safely.

B2 adjective /ˈdʒuːsi/

juicy

Meaning

Full of juice; succulent; also used to describe something exciting or scandalous.

Example

The steak was so juicy that it melted in my mouth.

B2 adjective /ˈhændi/

handy

Meaning

convenient to use or easily accessible; skillful with the hands

Example

This pocket knife is very handy when you go camping.

B2 adjective /ˈmɪnɪməm/

minimum

Meaning

The least or smallest amount or quantity possible, attained, or required.

Example

This year saw a minimum unemployment rate.

B2 verb /drɪft/

drift

Meaning

to move slowly, especially by air or water currents

Example

The boat began to drift away from the shore.

B2 noun ˌkɒm.prɪˈhɛn.ʃən

comprehension

Meaning

The ability to understand something; understanding or grasp of knowledge.

Example

Reading improves vocabulary and comprehension skills.

B2 noun /ˈʃɛərˌhoʊldər/

shareholder

Meaning

an individual or organization that owns shares in a company

Example

Each shareholder has the right to vote at the annual meeting.

B2 verb /pərˈsiːv/

perceive

Meaning

to become aware of or understand something through the senses

Example

I perceive a change in his attitude.

B2 adjective /kənˈsɜːvətɪv/

conservative

Meaning

Favoring traditional views and values; resistant to change.

Example

He has conservative views on family and society.

B2 adjective /səkˈsɛsɪv/

Successive

Meaning

following one after the other in order; consecutive

Example

The team won three successive matches.

B2 adjective /dɪˈsɛptɪv/

deceptive

Meaning

Giving an appearance or impression different from the truth; misleading.

Example

Appearances can be deceptive.