aircraft
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B1 noun /ˈɛər.kræft/

aircraft

Meaning
A vehicle, such as an airplane or helicopter, that can fly in the air.
Example
The military aircraft flew over the city.
B1 verb /əˈkɜːr/

occur

Meaning
to happen or take place; to be found or present
Example
The accident occurred at the intersection during rush hour.
B1 verb /ˈhaɪˌlaɪt/

highlight

Meaning
to emphasize or make something stand out
Example
The teacher highlighted the most important points in the text.
B1 verb /ɪmˈbærəs/

embarrass

Meaning
to cause someone to feel awkward, self-conscious, or ashamed
Example
His rude comment really embarrassed her in front of everyone.
B1 verb /siːl/

seal

Meaning
to close or secure something tightly or officially confirm something
Example
He sealed the envelope before sending the letter.
B1 adjective /ɑːrmd/

armed

Meaning
equipped with or carrying weapons
Example
The bank was robbed by armed men.
B1 noun /tɛkˈniːk/

technique

Meaning
A particular way of carrying out a task, especially with skill.
Example
She learned a new breathing technique in yoga class.
B1 verb /kəˈmænd/

command

Meaning
to give an order authoritatively; to control or direct
Example
The general commanded the soldiers to move forward.
B1 noun /ˈspiːʃiːz/

Species

Meaning
a group of living organisms that can reproduce with each other; a type or kind
Example
The Amazon rainforest is home to thousands of animal species.
B1 noun /ˈʃed.juːl/

Schedule

Meaning
a plan that lists things or events and the times when they will happen; timetable
Example
Please check your schedule before confirming the meeting time.
B1 noun /ˈhɑːrdˌwɛr/

hardware

Meaning
the physical parts of a computer or electronic system, such as the monitor, keyboard, and processor
Example
The company upgraded its computer hardware to improve performance.
B1 adverb /ˈmeɪn.li/

Mainly

Meaning
for the most part; chiefly; primarily
Example
The conference was mainly about environmental protection and climate change.
B1 noun /bʊʃ/

bush

Meaning
a plant with many small branches growing close to the ground; a shrub
Example
A rabbit was hiding under the bush.
B1 adjective /ʌnɪmˈplɔɪd/

Unemployed

Meaning
without a job; not having paid work
Example
He has been unemployed for six months now.
B1 noun /ˈsʌn.flaʊər/

Sun flower

Meaning
a large yellow flower that turns to face the sun
Example
The sunflower field looked amazing in the bright sunlight.
B1 adjective /ˈrɔɪ.əl/

Royal

Meaning
belonging to or connected with the monarch or monarchy; magnificent; excellent
Example
The royal family attended the ceremony.
B1 adjective ˈɪnəveɪtɪv

innovative

Meaning
Featuring new methods; advanced and original
Example
Innovative strategies are required to combat pollution.
B1 verb /prɪˈdɪkt/

predict

Meaning
to say that something will happen in the future
Example
Scientists predict rain tomorrow.
B1 noun /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒmənt/

encouragement

Meaning
the action of giving someone support, confidence, or hope
Example
Her encouragement helped me finish the project.
B1 verb /ɪnˈʃʊər/

ensure

Meaning
To make certain that something will happen or be the case.
Example
Please ensure that the door is locked before you leave.
B1 noun /prəʊ/

pro

Meaning
a professional, especially in sports; or a person who is in favor of something
Example
He plays tennis like a pro.
B1 noun /ˈpoʊni/

Pony

Meaning
a small horse, typically under 14.2 hands high
Example
The children enjoyed riding the gentle pony at the farm.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈmærid/

unmarried

Meaning
Not married; single.
Example
He is thirty-five and still unmarried.
B1 noun æmˈbɪʃ.ən

ambition

Meaning
A strong desire to do or achieve something, typically requiring determination and hard work.
Example
Their ambition is to build a quantum computer.
B1 verb /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/

identify

Meaning
to recognize; to establish who someone is
Example
Can you identify the suspect?
B1 noun /taɪl/

tile

Meaning
a flat piece of baked clay or other material used for covering roofs, floors, or walls
Example
The kitchen floor is covered with ceramic tiles.
B1 adverb /ɪˈnɪʃəli/

initially

Meaning
At the beginning; at first.
Example
Initially, he refused the offer but later accepted it.
B1 noun /ɪnˈtɛnʃən/

intention

Meaning
A plan, aim, or purpose behind an action.
Example
Her intention was to finish the project before the deadline.
B1 noun /naɪt/

Knight

Meaning
a man given a rank of honor by a British king or queen; a medieval warrior on horseback
Example
The brave knight rescued the princess from the dragon's castle.
B1 noun /ˈbʊt.ʃər/

Butcher

Meaning
a person whose job is cutting up and selling meat in a shop
Example
The butcher recommended the best cut of beef for our dinner.
B1 noun /ˈmænər/

manner

Meaning
a way in which something is done or happens
Example
He spoke in a polite manner.
B1 noun /ˈɪnsɪdənt/

incident

Meaning
an event or occurrence, often unpleasant or unusual
Example
The police quickly responded to the incident in the park.
B1 adjective /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/

straightforward

Meaning
easy to understand or do; simple
Example
Her explanation was straightforward and clear.
B1 noun /ˈmɛdəl/

medal

Meaning
a piece of metal given as an award for achievement
Example
She won a gold medal in the 100-meter race.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈfɔːr.tʃən.ət/

Unfortunate

Meaning
having bad luck; regrettable or unlucky
Example
It was unfortunate that the meeting was cancelled at the last minute.
B1 noun /ˈhjuː.mər/

humor

Meaning
The quality of being amusing or entertaining.
Example
His sense of humor always lightens the mood.
B1 verb /breɪk/

brake

Meaning
to slow down or stop a vehicle by applying a brake
Example
He braked suddenly to avoid hitting the dog.
B1 verb, noun, adjective /ˈmeltɪŋ/

melting

Meaning
the process of changing from solid to liquid due to heat; becoming softer or less rigid; emotionally moving or tender
Example
The ice is melting quickly under the hot sun.
B1 verb ɪnˈkriːsɪŋ

increasing

Meaning
Becoming or making greater in size, amount, intensity, or degree; growing.
Example
Increasing awareness about education is necessary.
B1 noun /ˌsɪvɪlaɪˈzeɪʃən/

civilization

Meaning
the stage of human social and cultural development and organization considered most advanced
Example
Ancient Egypt is known for its remarkable civilization.
B1 noun /hoʊst/

Host

Meaning
a person who receives or entertains other people as guests; a large number of things
Example
The gracious host welcomed all the guests with warm smiles and refreshments.
B1 noun /skriːn/

Screen

Meaning
a flat surface on which pictures or words are shown; a movable partition used to divide a room
Example
The movie was displayed on a large screen in the theater.
B1 noun /brif/

Brief

Meaning
a concise statement of the facts; a set of instructions given to a person about a job or task
Example
The lawyer received a detailed brief about the upcoming court case.
B1 noun /ˈlɪt.ər.ə.ʧər/

Literature

Meaning
written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit; books and writings published on a particular subject
Example
She studied English literature at university.
B1 noun /ˈvoʊtɪŋ/

voting

Meaning
the act of making a choice in an election or decision by casting a vote
Example
Voting is an important part of a democratic society.
B1 adjective ˈsteɪbl

stable

Meaning
Not likely to change or fail; firmly established.
Example
Strong nuclear force keeps the nucleus stable.
B1 verb /spred/

spread

Meaning
to extend over a larger area; to distribute; to apply
Example
The news spread quickly through the town.
B1 adjective /kriˈeɪtɪv/

creative

Meaning
Having the ability to produce new and original ideas or things.
Example
She is very creative in her writing.
B1 noun /ˈʃoʊldər/

Shoulder

Meaning
the part of the body between the neck and the arm
Example
He carried the bag over his shoulder.
B1 adverb /ˈleɪt.li/

Lately

Meaning
recently; in the recent past; not long ago
Example
I haven't seen him lately, but I heard he got a new job.
B1 noun, verb /ˈmɒnɪtər/

monitor

Meaning
to observe and check the progress or quality of something; also a device that displays information
Example
The teacher monitors the students during the exam.
B1 noun /ˈvaɪtəmɪn/

vitamin

Meaning
a natural substance needed by the body to stay healthy
Example
Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of vitamins.
B1 noun /'pʌmp.kɪn/

Pumpkin

Meaning
a large round orange fruit with thick skin and edible flesh
Example
We carved a jack-o'-lantern from a big pumpkin.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈedjʊkeɪtɪd/

Uneducated

Meaning
lacking education; not having received formal schooling or training
Example
Many uneducated workers struggle to find well-paying jobs.
B1 noun /poʊl/

pole

Meaning
a long, slender, vertical object or structure, typically made of wood, metal, or another material
Example
They placed the flag on top of the pole.
B1 noun /ˈpɛnəlti/

penalty

Meaning
A punishment imposed for breaking a law, rule, or contract.
Example
He had to pay a heavy penalty for breaking the traffic rules.
B1 verb kleɪmz

claims

Meaning
To take someone's life, to cause death
Example
Workplace pollution claims thousands of lives annually.
B1 adjective /ˈsɛpəreɪtɪd/

separated

Meaning
divided or disconnected from something else; not together
Example
They have been living in separated houses since the divorce.
B1 noun /bɑːm/

Bomb

Meaning
an explosive device designed to cause damage or destruction
Example
The bomb disposal unit carefully defused the explosive device.
B1 adjective /ˌen.təˈteɪ.nɪŋ/

Entertaining

Meaning
providing amusement or enjoyment; funny and engaging
Example
The comedian's performance was very entertaining and kept the audience laughing.
B1 noun pɔːrt

Port

Meaning
A town or city with a harbor where ships load or unload.
Example
Ports improve maritime trade.
B1 adjective /ɪkˈstrɔːr.dɪ.nər.i/

Extraordinary

Meaning
very unusual; remarkable; going beyond what is normal or expected
Example
The magician's performance was extraordinary and left everyone amazed.
B1 adverb /ˈæŋɡrɪli/

angrily

Meaning
in a manner showing anger or strong displeasure
Example
She spoke angrily when she heard the news.
B1 noun /ˈtæblət/

tablet

Meaning
a small flat computer or a small solid dose of medicine
Example
She took a tablet to relieve her headache.
B1 adverb /ˈfʊli/

fully

Meaning
completely or entirely; to the fullest extent
Example
She is fully aware of the risks.
B1 adverb /əˈlaʊd/

Aloud

Meaning
in a voice that can be heard; not silently
Example
Please read the instructions aloud so everyone can hear.
B1 noun /broʊˈʃʊr/

brochure

Meaning
a small booklet or pamphlet containing information or advertising
Example
The travel agent gave us a brochure about the holiday package.
B1 noun ˈtɑː.ɡɪt

target

Meaning
An object, person, or place selected as the aim of an attack or focus of attention.
Example
Achieving energy targets is critical for global progress.
B1 adverb /ˈfɪzɪkəli/

physically

Meaning
in a physical manner; relating to the body
Example
She is physically strong and healthy.
B1 verb /weɪ/

weigh

Meaning
to measure the weight of something; to consider carefully
Example
Please weigh the package before shipping.
B1 noun /ʌnˈhæp.i.nəs/

unhappiness

Meaning
the state of being unhappy; sadness or dissatisfaction
Example
Her constant unhappiness affected everyone around her.
B1 noun zəʊn

zone

Meaning
An area or stretch of land having a particular characteristic, purpose, or use, or subject to particular restrictions.
Example
Industrial zones attract investments.
B1 noun /weɪl/

Whale

Meaning
a very large marine mammal with a streamlined hairless body, a horizontal tail fin, and a blowhole on top of the head for breathing
Example
The blue whale is the largest animal ever known to have lived on Earth.
B1 noun /ˈvaɪ.ə.ləns/

Violence

Meaning
behavior involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill; extreme force or intensity
Example
The government condemned all forms of violence against civilians.
B1 noun ˈliː.də.ʃɪp

leadership

Meaning
The action of leading a group of people or an organization.
Example
Leadership is crucial for institutional success.
B1 noun /ˈpʌn.ɪʃ.mənt/

Punishment

Meaning
penalty given for doing something wrong or breaking a rule
Example
The student received punishment for cheating on the exam.
B1 verb /əˈmjuːz/

amuse

Meaning
to entertain or make someone laugh or smile; to occupy pleasantly
Example
The clown amused the children at the party.
B1 noun /miːnz/

Means

Meaning
An action or system by which a result is achieved; financial resources
Example
They don't have the means to afford such an expensive vacation.
B1 noun /ˈkɒtən/

cotton

Meaning
A soft white fibrous substance used to make cloth and thread.
Example
This shirt is made of pure cotton.
B1 noun ɪˈnɪʃətɪvz

initiatives

Meaning
Actions or strategies designed to resolve a difficulty or improve a situation; programs or projects.
Example
Community initiatives benefit underprivileged groups.
B1 noun, adjective, verb /tɛns/

tense

Meaning
a grammatical category showing time reference; stretched tight or anxious
Example
She felt tense before the interview.
B1 noun ˈstrʌɡ.əl

struggle

Meaning
A forceful or violent effort to get free of restraint or resist attack; a determined effort under difficult circumstances.
Example
The struggle for independence united the nation.
B1 adjective /ˈspaɪ.si/

Spicy

Meaning
having a strong, hot flavor from spices; containing spices
Example
This curry is too spicy for me to eat.
B1 noun /ˈlʌk.ʃər.i/

Luxury

Meaning
the state of great comfort and extravagant living; an inessential, desirable item that is expensive or difficult to obtain
Example
They enjoyed the luxury of a five-star hotel.
B1 preposition /θruːˈaʊt/

throughout

Meaning
in every part of a place or during the whole time of an event
Example
She worked throughout the night.
B1 adverb /ˈdaʊnwədz/

Downwards

Meaning
towards a lower place or position; in a downward direction
Example
The ball rolled downwards along the slope.
B1 noun /stoʊv/

Stove

Meaning
a kitchen appliance used for cooking food by applying heat
Example
She cooked dinner on the gas stove.
B1 noun /ɪnˌvɛs.tɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/

investigation

Meaning
the process of inquiring into or examining something carefully to find the truth
Example
The investigation revealed new evidence about the fraud.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈlaɪk/

Unlike

Meaning
different from; not similar to
Example
Unlike his brother, he prefers quiet activities.
B1 noun /ˈfeɪvər/

favor

Meaning
An act of kindness or approval.
Example
She asked him for a small favor.
B1 noun /ˌkɒmbɪˈneɪʃən/

combination

Meaning
The act of joining or mixing two or more things together.
Example
This dish is a perfect combination of sweet and spicy flavors.
B1 noun /kənˈkluː.ʒən/

Conclusion

Meaning
the end or finish of an event, process, or text; a judgment or decision reached by reasoning
Example
The conclusion of the research paper summarized all the important findings.
B1 verb, noun /klɪp/

clip

Meaning
to cut or trim something; a short extract from a film, broadcast, or recording
Example
She clipped the coupon from the newspaper.
B1 adverb /ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli/

increasingly

Meaning
more and more over time
Example
People are increasingly concerned about climate change.
B1 noun, verb /ˈrɒkɪt/

rocket

Meaning
a missile or vehicle propelled by a rocket engine; to increase or move very quickly
Example
The company’s profits rocketed after the new product launch.
B1 noun sɪˈkjʊə.rɪ.ti

security

Meaning
The state of being free from danger, threat, or loss.
Example
Food security is essential for human survival.
B1 verb /ˈkɒnsəntreɪt/

concentrate

Meaning
to focus all one's attention or mental effort on a particular object or activity
Example
She tried to concentrate on her studies despite the noise.
B1 noun /rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/

researcher

Meaning
a person who conducts research
Example
The researcher published her findings in a scientific journal.
B1 verb /ˌɪntərˈækt/

interact

Meaning
to communicate or work together with someone or something
Example
Students interact with teachers during class discussions.
B1 verb /haɪər/

hire

Meaning
to employ someone for wages; to rent or engage services
Example
The company will hire new employees next month.
B1 noun /ˈkiː.wi/

Kiwi

Meaning
a small brown fruit with green flesh and black seeds; a flightless bird from New Zealand
Example
I love eating fresh kiwi for breakfast.
B1 noun /ˈkemɪst/

chemist

Meaning
a scientist who studies chemistry; a person trained to prepare and dispense medicines
Example
The chemist analyzed the sample to determine its composition.
B1 noun /kɑːrt/

Cart

Meaning
a wheeled vehicle for carrying goods; a shopping cart
Example
The farmer loaded hay onto his cart.
B1 noun /ˌkænsəˈleɪʃən/

cancellation

Meaning
the act of stopping something that was planned or scheduled; the act of nullifying or invalidating something
Example
The airline announced the cancellation of several flights due to bad weather.
B1 noun ɡrəʊθ

Growth

Meaning
The process of increasing in physical size, number, value, or strength.
Example
Economic growth improves living conditions.
B1 adjective /ˈvaɪə.lət/

Violet

Meaning
of a bluish-purple color
Example
She wore a beautiful violet dress to the party.
B1 adjective /ˈdʒɛntəl/

gentle

Meaning
Kind, mild, or tender in nature or behavior
Example
He was always gentle with children.
B1 noun /təˈbækoʊ/

tobacco

Meaning
a plant grown for its leaves, which are used in making cigarettes and cigars
Example
He stopped smoking tobacco after his health scare.
B1 noun /ˈvɪʒ.ən/

vision

Meaning
The faculty or state of being able to see.
Example
Excessive rubbing can damage vision.
B1 verb /ˈdɛmənˌstreɪt/

demonstrate

Meaning
to clearly show or prove something through evidence, explanation, or action
Example
The teacher demonstrated the experiment to the class.
B1 adjective /drʌŋk/

drunk

Meaning
affected by alcohol to the point of losing control of one's faculties or behavior
Example
He was too drunk to walk straight.
B1 noun sɪvɪˈlɪzeɪʃənz

civilizations

Meaning
The stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced.
Example
Ancient civilizations developed complex systems of governance.
B1 adverb /trəˈdɪʃənəli/

traditionally

Meaning
according to custom or long-established practice
Example
Bangladesh is traditionally known for its hospitality.
B1 noun /ˈsteɪtəs/

status

Meaning
the social or professional position or condition of someone or something
Example
His social status improved after the promotion.
B1 noun /ˈmem.bə.ʃɪp/

membership

Meaning
The state of belonging to or being part of an organization or group.
Example
The country's membership in the organization marked 50 years.
B1 noun ɡlæns

glance

Meaning
A quick or brief look.
Example
He glanced at the river and felt calm.
B1 noun /ˌrɛzəˈluːʃən/

resolution

Meaning
The action of solving a problem, dispute, or contentious matter.
Example
The resolution of the issue requires careful planning and action.
B1 adjective /ˌdɪs.əˈpɔɪn.tɪd/

Disappointed

Meaning
sad because something has not happened or is not as good as expected
Example
She was disappointed with her exam results.
B1 noun /ˈkʌˈs.təm/

Custom

Meaning
a traditional practice or behavior; duties levied on imports; habitual practice
Example
It is a local custom to remove shoes before entering someone's home.
B1 noun /ˈbaɪər/

buyer

Meaning
a person who makes a purchase
Example
The buyer inspected the car before making payment.
B1 noun /ˈspeʃəlɪst/

Specialist

Meaning
a person who has specialized knowledge or training in a particular area; an expert
Example
She consulted a heart specialist about her condition.