B2 noun ˈæk.tɪv rɪˈkɔːl

Active recall

Meaning

A learning technique that involves actively trying to retrieve information from memory rather than passively reviewing material.

Example

Active recall improves long-term memory and retention.

B2 adjective /ʌnˈkɒn.ʃəs/

Unconscious

Meaning

not awake and aware of one's surroundings; done or existing without one realizing

Example

The patient was unconscious for several hours after the surgery.

B2 noun /prɔːn/

Prawn

Meaning

a large marine crustacean similar to shrimp but typically bigger

Example

The chef prepared delicious prawn curry with coconut milk.

B2 adverb /ˈiːɡərli/

Eagerly

Meaning

with keen interest or enthusiasm; with great desire

Example

The children eagerly waited for the holiday to begin.

B2 noun /ˈwɒndərər/

Wanderer

Meaning

a person who travels aimlessly; someone who roams from place to place

Example

The wanderer explored different countries without a fixed destination.

B2 adjective /ɪnˈdɪf.ər.ənt/

indifferent

Meaning

having no particular interest or concern; not caring one way or another

Example

She was indifferent to the outcome of the match.

B2 adjective /ˈɡrædʒuˌeɪtɪd/

graduated

Meaning

Arranged in steps, levels, or stages; having completed a course of study and received a degree

Example

The scientist used a graduated cylinder to measure the liquid precisely.

B2 noun /ˌmɪs.ʌn.dəˈstæn.dɪŋ/

Misunderstanding

Meaning

A failure to understand something correctly; a disagreement or confusion between people

Example

The argument was caused by a simple misunderstanding.

B2 verb /ˈsʌməraɪz/

summarize

Meaning

To give a brief statement of the main points of something

Example

She summarized the report in just a few minutes.

B2 noun ˈven.tʃərz

ventures

Meaning

Business enterprises or undertakings, especially risky ones.

Example

Luxury ventures in space attract wealthy clients.

B2 noun /ˈspəʊkswɪmən/

spokeswoman

Meaning

a woman who speaks on behalf of a group or organization

Example

The spokeswoman for the company announced the new product.

B2 noun /ˈæŋkər/

Anchor

Meaning

a heavy object used to moor a vessel to the sea bottom; a person or thing that provides stability or confidence

Example

The ship dropped its anchor in the harbor.

B2 noun /ˈʃuːtɪŋ/

shooting

Meaning

the action of shooting a gun, camera, or similar device

Example

The shooting of the movie took several months.

B2 adjective /ˈsiː.z ə n.əl/

Seasonal

Meaning

relating to or occurring in a particular season; changing according to the seasons

Example

Many businesses hire seasonal workers during the holidays.

B2 noun /pəˈsjuːt/

pursuit

Meaning

the act of chasing or trying to achieve something

Example

He dedicated his life to the pursuit of happiness.

B2 verb /əˈbaɪd/

abide

Meaning

to accept or act in accordance with; to endure; to dwell

Example

I will abide by the rules of the company.

B2 noun /ˈtreɪ.tər/

Traitor

Meaning

a person who betrays someone or something, such as a friend, cause, or principle

Example

The spy was branded a traitor to his country after being caught.

B2 adjective /prɪˈventɪv/

Preventive

Meaning

designed to prevent something from happening; protective against disease

Example

Regular exercise is a preventive measure against heart disease.

B2 verb /ʌnˈtaɪ/

untie

Meaning

to loosen or remove a knot or binding; to release something that is tied

Example

She untied the rope to free the boat.

B2 noun /ˈtʃeɪmbər/

chamber

Meaning

a large room used for formal or public events, or a private room.

Example

The king held meetings in his private chamber.

B2 adjective /ˈvɒl.ən.tər.i/

Voluntary

Meaning

done willingly without being forced; given or done freely

Example

She made a voluntary donation to the charity.

B2 noun /ˌʌnəˌveɪləˈbɪləti/

unavailability

Meaning

The state of being not available or not accessible.

Example

The unavailability of the manager caused a delay in the project.

B2 verb /ˈɪmɪteɪt/

imitate

Meaning

to copy the behavior or manner of someone or something

Example

Children often imitate their parents' behavior.

B2 adjective /ˈsoʊloʊ/

solo

Meaning

performed by one person alone; a single performance

Example

She decided to perform a solo dance at the talent show.

B2 verb /piːp/

peep

Meaning

to look quickly or secretly; to make a short high sound

Example

The child tried to peep through the keyhole.

B2 adjective /ɪnˈklaɪnd/

inclined

Meaning

having a tendency or disposition toward something

Example

He is inclined to help those in need.

B2 noun /ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

classification

Meaning

the action or process of classifying something into groups based on shared characteristics.

Example

The classification of animals helps in understanding their biology.

B2 noun /ˈbætəlˌfiːld/

battlefield

Meaning

a place where a battle is fought

Example

The battlefield was covered with the remnants of the fight.

B2 noun /ˈaʊtɪŋ/

outing

Meaning

a short trip or excursion, often for leisure or enjoyment

Example

They had a lovely outing at the beach last weekend.

B2 noun /ˈreɪtɪŋ/

rating

Meaning

an evaluation or assessment, usually numerical

Example

The movie received a high rating from critics.

B2 noun /ˈæd.və.kət/

Advocate

Meaning

a lawyer who represents clients in court; a person who supports or argues for a cause or policy

Example

The advocate presented strong evidence to defend his client in court.

B2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/

promising

Meaning

showing signs of future success or potential

Example

She is a promising young scientist with great ideas.

B2 adjective /leɪm/

Lame

Meaning

unable to walk normally because of an injury or illness affecting the leg or foot; weak and unconvincing

Example

The injured horse was lame and couldn't walk properly.

B2 adjective aɪˈkɒnɪk

iconic

Meaning

Very famous or popular, especially being considered to represent particular opinions or a particular time.

Example

The line "It was the best of times..." is iconic.

B2 verb /trænzˈmɪt/

transmit

Meaning

to send or pass something from one place or person to another

Example

The antenna can transmit signals over a long distance.

B2 noun /ˈsɑːrdʒənt/

sergeant

Meaning

A rank of non-commissioned officer in the armed forces or police.

Example

The sergeant gave orders to the soldiers before the mission.

B2 noun fəˈtiːɡ

fatigue

Meaning

Physical or mental exhaustion due to prolonged exertion or mental stress

Example

Lack of sleep leads to extreme fatigue.

B2 verb, noun, adjective /streɪ/

stray

Meaning

to move away from the correct path or go off course; a person or animal that has wandered off; something that is not where it belongs

Example

The dog strayed from the yard and got lost.

B2 noun /səbˈmɪʃən/

submission

Meaning

the act of yielding to authority or presenting something for consideration

Example

Her submission of the report was appreciated by the manager.

B2 verb /ˈtɛstəfaɪ/

testify

Meaning

to make a statement or declaration under oath or to give evidence

Example

She was called to testify in court about the accident.

B2 verb /ˈɪr.ɪ.teɪt/

irritate

Meaning

To make someone annoyed or angry; to cause discomfort or inflammation.

Example

Rubbing your eyes can irritate them.

B2 noun səˈsteɪnəbl dɪˈvɛləpmənt

Sustainable Development

Meaning

Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Example

Eco-tourism contributes to sustainable development in local communities.

B2 adjective /ˈvɛərid/

Varied

Meaning

showing differences; diverse; containing different types

Example

The museum has a varied collection of ancient artifacts.

B2 verb /ˌmɪsˈjuːz/

misuse

Meaning

To use something incorrectly or for the wrong purpose.

Example

Misusing social media profiles can harm relationships.

B2 adjective /ˈbruː.təl/

brutal

Meaning

extremely cruel or harsh; violent and without feeling

Example

The dictator’s rule was marked by brutal violence.

B2 adjective /ˈrɒt.ən/

Rotten

Meaning

decayed; spoiled; bad

Example

The apple is rotten and should be thrown away.

B2 noun ˌɪm.plɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

implication

Meaning

A conclusion that can be drawn from something although it is not explicitly stated; a likely consequence.

Example

The implication of climate change is severe.

B2 adjective /ˈdɪl.ɪ.dʒənt/

Diligent

Meaning

hardworking and careful; showing persistent effort

Example

She is a diligent student who studies every day.

B2 noun /ˈtrɪl.jən/

trillion

Meaning

a number equal to 1,000 billion, or 10^12

Example

The company's worth has risen to over a trillion dollars.

B2 verb /bɪˈwɛər/

beware

Meaning

to be cautious or alert about a potential danger or problem

Example

Beware of the dog near the gate.

B2 adjective /ˈlɛŋθi/

lengthy

Meaning

long in duration or extent

Example

The meeting was lengthy, lasting over three hours.

B2 adjective /ˌɪnfluˈenʃəl/

Influential

Meaning

having great influence on someone or something; powerful; persuasive

Example

She is an influential leader in the community.

B2 adjective /ˌsuː.pəˈnætʃ.ər.əl/

Supernatural

Meaning

relating to things that cannot be explained by natural or scientific laws; beyond the normal or physical world

Example

The old house was said to have supernatural powers.

B2 adjective /ˈθɔːtfəl/

thoughtful

Meaning

showing careful consideration or attention

Example

She gave a thoughtful response to every question asked.

B2 noun /ˈpɛbl/

pebble

Meaning

a small smooth stone found on beaches or rivers

Example

He threw a pebble into the pond and watched the ripples.

B2 noun /ˈkʌvərɪdʒ/

coverage

Meaning

The extent or scope of something, such as insurance protection or media reporting.

Example

The news channel provided extensive coverage of the event.

B2 noun /əˈsɜːʃən/

assertion

Meaning

a confident and forceful statement of fact or belief

Example

Her assertion that she was right was met with silence.

B2 adjective /ˈwɜːrθləs/

Worthless

Meaning

having no value; useless

Example

The old computer became worthless after the new software updates.

B2 adverb /ˌæksɪˈdɛntəli/

accidentally

Meaning

happening by chance or unexpectedly

Example

He accidentally dropped the glass.

B2 adjective; verb (past participle) /ˈɒkjʊpaɪd/

occupied

Meaning

being in use or taken; filled or lived in; controlled or held by force

Example

The room is occupied, so please wait outside.

B2 noun /ˈspætʃ.ʊ.lə/

Spatula

Meaning

a kitchen utensil with a flat, flexible blade used for mixing, spreading, or lifting food

Example

I used a spatula to flip the pancakes in the pan.

B2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛnsətɪv/

insensitive

Meaning

Showing or feeling no concern for others' feelings.

Example

His insensitive comment hurt her deeply.

B2 adjective /hɪˈroʊɪk/

heroic

Meaning

showing great bravery or courage; relating to a hero or heroes

Example

The firefighter made a heroic effort to save the child.

B2 verb /ˈmɑːdɪfaɪ/

modify

Meaning

to change or alter something; to make partial changes

Example

We need to modify the plan to include more details.

B2 noun /ˈsɛm.iˌsɜːr.kəl/

semicircle

Meaning

Half of a circle or something shaped like half of a circle.

Example

The students sat in a semicircle around the teacher.

B2 adjective /ˈɑːrbɪˌtrɛri/

arbitrary

Meaning

based on random choice or personal whim, rather than reason or system

Example

The teacher's arbitrary grading upset many students.

B2 noun /ˈbeɪ.zəl/

Basil

Meaning

an aromatic herb with green leaves used in cooking, especially Italian cuisine

Example

The pasta sauce was flavored with fresh basil.

B2 verb /pəˈluːt/

pollute

Meaning

to make air, water, or land dirty and harmful to people, animals, and plants

Example

Factories pollute the environment with toxic chemicals.

B2 noun /əˈfɛns/

offense

Meaning

an illegal act; a crime

Example

The offense was committed in broad daylight.

B2 noun /ˈpɪs.təl/

Pistol

Meaning

a small gun that can be held and fired with one hand

Example

The officer drew his pistol from the holster.

B2 verb praɪˈɒraɪtaɪz

prioritize

Meaning

To designate or treat something as more important than other things

Example

Prioritize your tasks to stay efficient.

B2 verb /ˈfæsən/

fasten

Meaning

To attach or secure something firmly in place

Example

Please fasten your seatbelt before the plane takes off.

B2 adjective /ʌnˈendɪŋ/

Unending

Meaning

continuing forever; without end

Example

The unending rain made the day feel gloomy.

B2 noun /pərˈspek.tɪv/

Perspective

Meaning

a particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view; the art of representing three-dimensional objects

Example

From his perspective, the decision was completely wrong.

B2 noun /ˌkɒmplɪˈkeɪʃən/

complication

Meaning

A problem or difficulty that makes a situation harder to deal with.

Example

His illness led to serious complications after surgery.

B2 noun /hɪˈstɔːriən/

historian

Meaning

a person who studies or writes about history

Example

The historian gave a lecture on ancient civilizations.

B2 noun ˌɪnɪˈkwɒlɪti

inequality

Meaning

Difference in size, degree, circumstances, etc.; lack of equality.

Example

The theme of inequality is prominent throughout the story.

B2 noun /ˈdʒɝː.nə.lɪŋ/

journaling

Meaning

The practice of writing down your thoughts, feelings, and experiences regularly.

Example

Journaling helps in organizing thoughts and reducing stress.

B2 verb /dɪsˈtɜːb/

disturb

Meaning

to interrupt or cause someone to stop what they are doing

Example

Please don’t disturb me while I’m studying.

B2 noun /tɛkˈnɪʃən/

technician

Meaning

a person skilled in the practical aspects of a particular science, art, or job

Example

The technician repaired the computer within an hour.

B2 noun /saɪˈkɒlədʒi/

psychology

Meaning

the scientific study of the mind and behavior

Example

Psychology helps us understand how people think and act.

B2 noun ˌɪn.təˈven.ʃən

intervention

Meaning

The action or process of intervening; involvement in a situation to improve or help it.

Example

The intervention of the UN was crucial in resolving the conflict.

B2 adjective /əˈbrʌpt/

abrupt

Meaning

Sudden or unexpected, often without warning.

Example

The car came to an abrupt stop in the middle of the road.

B2 verb ˈfɔːr.mjə.leɪt

formulate

Meaning

To create or develop a plan or idea clearly and specifically, to construct an idea or strategy clearly.

Example

The company must formulate a strategy for expansion.

B2 adjective /esˈθet.ɪk/

Aesthetic

Meaning

Concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty.

Example

Good aesthetic design enhances product appeal.

B2 noun /ˈtæksˌpeɪər/

taxpayer

Meaning

a person who pays tax to the government

Example

The taxpayers' money is used to fund public services.

B2 adjective /ʌnˌkənˈfɜːmd/

Unconfirmed

Meaning

not confirmed as true or definite; not verified or substantiated

Example

The report remains unconfirmed until we receive official verification.

B2 noun /ˈmɒdəreɪtər/

moderator

Meaning

A person who leads or oversees discussions, debates, or forums to maintain order.

Example

The moderator asked each panelist to share their views.

B2 adverb /ɪmˈpɔːtəntli/

importantly

Meaning

in a way that is of great significance or value

Example

Importantly, the report highlights the need for immediate action.

B2 noun /swiːt/

suite

Meaning

a set of rooms designated for one person's or family's use or for a particular purpose

Example

They stayed in the presidential suite at the hotel.

B2 adjective daɪˈdʒes.tɪv

digestive

Meaning

Relating to the digestion of food.

Example

Digestive enzymes help break down food.

B2 noun /ˈsɛktər/

sector

Meaning

a distinct part or area of an economy, society, or industry

Example

The technology sector is growing rapidly.

B2 noun /buˈkeɪ/

Bouquet

Meaning

an attractively arranged bunch of flowers, especially one presented as a gift or carried at a ceremony

Example

The bride carried a beautiful bouquet of white roses down the aisle.

B2 noun /dɪˈkeɪ/

Decay

Meaning

the process of rotting or decomposing; gradual decline or deterioration

Example

The old building showed signs of decay after years of neglect.

B2 noun /ˈɛθɪk/

ethic

Meaning

a set of moral principles, especially ones relating to a particular group, system, or profession

Example

He has a strong work ethic and always meets deadlines.

B2 noun /ˌreɡ.jʊˈlær.ɪ.ti/

Regularity

Meaning

the quality of being regular; occurring at fixed intervals or in a consistent pattern

Example

The regularity of his exercise routine helped him stay healthy.

B2 noun ˈskeə.sɪ.ti

scarcity

Meaning

The state of being scarce or in short supply; shortage.

Example

Water scarcity threatens agriculture.

B2 noun /ˈwɪd.oʊ/

Widow

Meaning

a woman whose husband has died and who has not married again

Example

The widow received support from her family and community.

B2 verb /prəˈhɪbɪt/

prohibit

Meaning

to forbid something by law, rule, or other authority

Example

The law prohibits smoking in public places.

B2 noun /ˈtrʌmpɪt/

Trumpet

Meaning

a brass musical instrument with a brilliant tone; military signal instrument

Example

The soldier played the trumpet to signal the troops.

B2 noun /pʌntʃ/

Punch

Meaning

a tool used for making holes or indentations in materials

Example

The carpenter used a punch to make holes in the leather.

B2 noun /ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/

habitat

Meaning

The natural environment where an organism lives and meets its needs.

Example

The polar bear's natural habitat is the Arctic region.

B2 adjective /ˈkʌltʃəd/

cultured

Meaning

characterized by refined taste, manners, and education

Example

She is a cultured woman who loves art and literature.

B2 noun /kraɪˈtɪəriən/

criterion

Meaning

A standard or rule used to make a judgment or decision.

Example

Honesty is an important criterion for this job.

B2 adjective /ˈsæv.ɪdʒ/

Savage

Meaning

extremely cruel or violent; wild and fierce; uncivilized

Example

The savage attack shocked everyone.

B2 noun /sɪv/

Seive

Meaning

a utensil consisting of a wire or plastic mesh held in a frame, used for straining solids from liquids

Example

She used a sieve to separate the flour from lumps.

B2 noun /ˈɡræfɪks/

graphics

Meaning

visual images, designs, or drawings used to convey information or artistic expression

Example

The website uses stunning graphics to attract visitors.

B2 noun /ˌɪm.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

Imitation

Meaning

the action of using someone or something as a model; a copy of something original

Example

His imitation of the famous actor was so good that everyone burst into laughter.

B2 noun /səˈspɪʃən/

Suspicion

Meaning

a feeling or thought that someone is guilty of an illegal or dishonest activity

Example

The police arrested him on suspicion of theft.

B2 verb /ɪkˈskluːd/

exclude

Meaning

To deliberately leave out or prevent someone or something from being included.

Example

The list excludes temporary workers.

B2 noun /ˈpeə.rən.tɪŋ/

parenting

Meaning

The care and training a child receives while growing up, involving the development of their mental, physical, and social aspects.

Example

Effective parenting helps children develop confidence and independence.

B2 noun /ˈfaɪbər/

fiber

Meaning

a thread or filament from which a textile is formed; dietary substance from plants that aids digestion

Example

Fruits and vegetables are high in fiber.

B2 adjective /ˈʃeɪ.di/

Shady

Meaning

providing shade; dishonest; suspicious

Example

The shady businessman made a suspicious deal.

B2 noun /faʊl/

Fowl

Meaning

a domesticated bird kept for meat or eggs; chicken or other poultry

Example

The farmer raised fowl in his backyard for fresh eggs and meat.

B2 noun ˈhæb.ɪt fɔːrˌmeɪ.ʃən

habit formation

Meaning

The process of creating a habit through regular practice and repetition.

Example

Habit formation requires consistency and discipline.

B2 noun /ˈtriː.oʊ/

trio

Meaning

A group of three people or things, especially in music or performance.

Example

The jazz trio played beautifully at the concert.

B2 adjective /ˈɛəri/

airy

Meaning

Spacious and well-ventilated; light and breezy.

Example

The new apartment is bright and airy.

B2 noun /kəˈrɪz.mə/

charisma

Meaning

Compelling attractiveness or charm that can inspire devotion in others.

Example

His charisma helped him become a great leader.

B2 adjective /ˈfæktʃuəl/

Factual

Meaning

based on facts; accurate; true

Example

The report contains only factual information.

B2 verb /reɪl/

rail

Meaning

to complain or protest strongly about something

Example

He railed against the unfair decision.

B2 adjective /ɪkˈsten.sɪv/

Extensive

Meaning

covering or affecting a large area; comprehensive; wide-ranging

Example

The company conducted extensive research before launching the new product.