accumulate
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B2 verb /əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/

accumulate

Meaning
to gather or collect things gradually over time
Example
She managed to accumulate a small fortune through wise investments.
B2 noun /rɪˈfreʃ.mənt/

Refreshment

Meaning
food and drink that is served as a light meal; something that refreshes
Example
We served light refreshments after the meeting.
B2 adjective /nuːd/

nude

Meaning
Wearing no clothes; naked.
Example
The artist painted a nude model.
B2 verb /skwɒʃ/

squash

Meaning
to crush or squeeze something with force so that it becomes flat or broken
Example
She accidentally squashed the bug with her shoe.
B2 verb /drɪp/

drip

Meaning
to fall or let fall in drops
Example
Water was dripping from the broken pipe.
B2 noun /ɪˈfɛktɪvnəs/

effectiveness

Meaning
the degree to which something is successful in producing a desired result.
Example
The effectiveness of the new policy is still being evaluated.
B2 verb /poʊk/

poke

Meaning
to push or prod with a finger or pointed object
Example
Don't poke me with your finger.
B2 noun ˈsæt.əl.aɪt

satellite

Meaning
An artificial object which has been intentionally placed into orbit around a celestial body.
Example
Satellites provide critical data for research.
B2 verb /dɪˈstrækt/

distract

Meaning
to take someone's attention away from what they are doing or focusing on
Example
The loud noise distracted her during the exam.
B2 noun/verb /preɪ/

prey

Meaning
an animal hunted by another for food; to hunt and feed on
Example
Lions prey on zebras in the wild.
B2 adjective /ˈɛəri/

airy

Meaning
Spacious and well-ventilated; light and breezy.
Example
The new apartment is bright and airy.
B2 noun /ˌdɪsɪnˈfɛktənt/

disinfectant

Meaning
a chemical substance used to kill harmful microorganisms on surfaces
Example
The cleaner sprayed disinfectant on the table.
B2 verb /ɒpt/

opt

Meaning
to choose or decide to do something instead of something else
Example
Many students opt to study abroad for better opportunities.
B2 verb ˈfaɪ.nəl.aɪz

finalize

Meaning
To complete arrangements for something; put into final form.
Example
The treaty was finalized after the discussions.
B2 adjective /ˈklʌm.zi/

clumsy

Meaning
awkward in movement or lacking skill
Example
He is so clumsy that he drops things all the time.
B2 adjective /kəˈmɛndəbl̩/

commendable

Meaning
deserving praise or approval
Example
Her dedication to the project was truly commendable.
B2 noun /ˈæsɪd/

acid

Meaning
a chemical substance that reacts with bases and has a sour taste
Example
Lemons contain citric acid.
B2 verb /ˈpjʊərɪfaɪ/

purify

Meaning
to make clean or pure; to remove impurities
Example
This filter will purify the water effectively.
B2 noun /dɪˈpləʊməsi/

diplomacy

Meaning
The profession, activity, or skill of managing international relations or handling affairs tactfully.
Example
Effective diplomacy helped avoid the conflict.
B2 verb /hæk/

hack

Meaning
to cut or chop roughly; to gain unauthorized access to a computer system
Example
The programmer managed to hack into the system.
B2 noun /əˈlaʊəns/

Allowance

Meaning
a sum of money paid regularly to a person; permission to do something
Example
Children receive a weekly allowance for helping with chores.
B2 adjective /steɪl/

Stale

Meaning
no longer fresh; lacking originality or novelty
Example
The bread became stale after sitting out for three days.
B2 verb /ʌnˈtaɪ/

untie

Meaning
to loosen or remove a knot or binding; to release something that is tied
Example
She untied the rope to free the boat.
B2 adjective /ˈɡlɪt.ər.ɪŋ/

Glittering

Meaning
shining with bright light; sparkling; brilliant;
Example
The glittering stars filled the clear night sky.
B2 adjective /fəˈbɪd.ən/

Forbidden

Meaning
not allowed; prohibited; banned
Example
Smoking is strictly forbidden in this building.
B2 noun/verb /kəˈmjuː.tɪŋ/

commuting

Meaning
Regular travel to and from workplace, daily journey for work.
Example
He spends two hours commuting to work every day.
B2 adjective /ɪmˈper.ə.tɪv/

imperative

Meaning
Of vital importance; crucial; giving or expressing a command.
Example
It is imperative to address the climate crisis immediately.
B2 noun /ˈpɪlər/

pillar

Meaning
a strong vertical support or mainstay of a structure or system
Example
The ancient temple was supported by massive stone pillars.
B2 adjective /ˈstuː.di.əs/

Studious

Meaning
characterized by diligent study; devoted to learning
Example
She is a studious student who spends hours in the library.
B2 adjective /stɑːrk/

stark

Meaning
Severe, sharp, or clearly defined; plain and without any decoration.
Example
The stark contrast between poverty and wealth was evident in the city.
B2 adverb /əˈbrʌptli/

Abruptly

Meaning
suddenly and unexpectedly; without warning
Example
The meeting ended abruptly when the power went out.
B2 noun /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˈmuːvmənt/

environmental movement

Meaning
A social or political movement aimed at protecting the environment and promoting sustainable practices through advocacy, education, and policy changes.
Example
The environmental movement focuses on reducing pollution and protecting ecosystems.
B2 noun /ˈɡʌvərnər/

governor

Meaning
An official appointed or elected to govern a state, territory, or organization.
Example
The governor addressed the citizens about the upcoming election.
B2 adverb /pɪˈkju:.li.ə.li/

Peculiarly

Meaning
in a strange or unusual way; in a manner that is distinctive or characteristic
Example
She dressed peculiarly for the formal dinner, wearing bright colors and unusual patterns.
B2 verb /ˈbætər/

batter

Meaning
To strike repeatedly with force.
Example
The waves battered the shoreline all night.
B2 adjective /ˈtɔː.kə.tɪv/

Talkative

Meaning
fond of talking; speaking freely and at length
Example
My talkative neighbor loves to chat about everything.
B2 adjective /ˈkɔːstli/

costly

Meaning
expensive or causing a lot of money, time, or effort
Example
Their mistake proved to be very costly for the company.
B2 noun /brɑː/

bra

Meaning
a woman's undergarment worn to support and cover the breasts
Example
She bought a comfortable bra for everyday wear.
B2 noun /kənˈfɛkʃəneri/

confectionery

Meaning
sweets, candies, and other food items made with sugar
Example
The shop sells a wide variety of confectionery.
B2 adjective /blʌnt/

blunt

Meaning
not sharp; direct and straightforward in speech
Example
Her blunt remarks offended some people.
B2 noun breɪn ˈtreɪ.nɪŋ

brain-training

Meaning
Mental exercises designed to improve cognitive functions, memory retention, and overall brain performance.
Example
Regular brain-training can improve memory retention.
B2 verb /dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒ/

discourage

Meaning
to make someone less confident or enthusiastic about doing something
Example
Failure should not discourage you from trying again.
B2 noun /ˈɑːr.tɪ.zən/

Artison

Meaning
a skilled craftsperson who makes things by hand
Example
The artisan created a beautiful wooden sculpture.
B2 adjective /ˌpoʊstˈwɔːr/

post-war

Meaning
relating to the period after a war has ended
Example
The country experienced rapid economic growth in the post-war years.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənl/

institutional

Meaning
Relating to an organization or established practice.
Example
The government made several institutional reforms in education.
B2 verb /ˈbænɪʃ/

banish

Meaning
to send someone away from a place as punishment; to get rid of
Example
The king banished the traitor from the kingdom.
B2 adjective /ˈrɪtʃ.u.əl/

Ritual

Meaning
relating to religious or ceremonial practices
Example
The wedding ceremony included many traditional ritual elements.
B2 adverb /ðɛrˈæftər/

thereafter

Meaning
from that time on
Example
He moved to Canada and thereafter started a new life.
B2 noun ˈkɔːrəl ˈriːfs

Coral Reefs

Meaning
Underwater structures made from calcium carbonate secreted by corals, forming diverse marine ecosystems.
Example
Saint Martin's Island is known for its coral reefs.
B2 noun jiːld

yield

Meaning
A financial return or reward (especially a dividend or interest) from an investment.
Example
The investment yielded high returns last year.
B2 noun ˈkærɪktər dɪˈvɛləpmənt

character development

Meaning
The process of creating a believable character in fiction by giving the character depth and personality.
Example
The character development of Sydney Carton is profound.
B2 noun /ˈten.dər.nəs/

Tenderness

Meaning
gentleness and kindness; the quality of being easily hurt or damaged
Example
The mother showed great tenderness while caring for her sick child.
B2 noun /ˈwɑː.ʃər mæn/

Washer man

Meaning
a person whose job is to wash clothes and linens for others
Example
The washer man collected dirty clothes from every household in the village.
B2 noun /ɪnˈtɪəriər/

interior

Meaning
the inside part of something; inner area of a place or object
Example
The interior of the hotel was beautifully decorated.
B2 verb /swer/

swear

Meaning
to use offensive language; to promise solemnly; to take an oath
Example
I swear to tell the truth.
B2 noun /ɪɡˈzæmɪnər/

examiner

Meaning
A person who tests or inspects knowledge, skills, or qualifications
Example
The examiner reviewed each student's answer sheet carefully.
B2 noun ˈtraɪəmf

triumph

Meaning
A great victory or achievement.
Example
The novel is considered one of Dickens' greatest triumphs.
B2 noun /spæn/

span

Meaning
the full extent or length of something from one end to another
Example
The bridge has a span of over 500 meters.
B2 verb /pɔːˈtreɪ/

portray

Meaning
to describe or represent something or someone in a work of art or literature
Example
The novel portrays a vivid picture of life in the countryside.
B2 adjective /ˈstʌf.i/

Stuffy

Meaning
lacking fresh air; poorly ventilated; formal and conservative in attitude
Example
The room was stuffy and needed fresh air.
B2 noun /ɪnˈθuziæst/

enthusiast

Meaning
a person who is very interested in a particular activity or subject
Example
He is a football enthusiast and watches every match.
B2 noun /kəmˈpæʃ.ən/

Compassion

Meaning
sympathetic concern for the sufferings or misfortunes of others; deep awareness of suffering with a desire to help
Example
She showed great compassion towards the homeless children by providing them food and shelter.
B2 noun /dɪsˈkʌmfərt/

discomfort

Meaning
A feeling of slight pain, unease, or awkwardness.
Example
She shifted in her chair due to discomfort in her back.
B2 noun /ˈtæd.poʊl/

Tadpole

Meaning
the larval stage of a frog or toad, having gills and a tail
Example
The pond was full of tadpoles swimming around.
B2 verb /ˈɪr.ɪ.teɪt/

irritate

Meaning
To make someone annoyed or angry; to cause discomfort or inflammation.
Example
Rubbing your eyes can irritate them.
B2 noun, verb /stɛm/

stem

Meaning
Noun: The main stalk of a plant. Verb: To stop or restrict the flow or development of something.
Example
The gardener cut the stem of the rose; New policies aim to stem the flow of pollution.
B2 verb /sɔːr/

soar

Meaning
to fly or rise high in the air; to increase rapidly or dramatically
Example
The eagle soared high above the mountains.
B2 adjective /ˈstʌnɪŋ/

stunning

Meaning
extremely impressive or attractive
Example
The view from the top of the mountain was absolutely stunning.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈriːzənəbəl/

unreasonable

Meaning
not guided by reason or fairness; excessive or extreme beyond what is acceptable
Example
The manager made an unreasonable demand that no one could realistically meet.
B2 noun ɑːmd ˈkɒn.flɪkt

armed conflict

Meaning
A contest of armed forces; warfare between opposing military forces.
Example
Armed conflict resulted in widespread devastation.
B2 verb /kənˈstrʌkt/

construct

Meaning
to build or form something by putting parts together
Example
They plan to construct a new bridge over the river.
B2 adjective /ɪˈmɒrəl/

immoral

Meaning
Not conforming to accepted standards of morality; unethical or wicked.
Example
He was fired for his immoral behavior.
B2 noun /ˌsɪmjuˈleɪʃən/

simulation

Meaning
the imitation of a situation or process
Example
The simulation helped the students understand the complex theory.
B2 noun /dɪsˈmeɪ/

Dismay

Meaning
concern and distress caused by something unexpected; consternation or alarm
Example
To our dismay, the concert was cancelled due to severe weather conditions.
B2 adjective /ˈrændəm/

Random

Meaning
without pattern or predetermined order; happening by chance
Example
She selected a random book from the library shelf.
B2 noun /ˈhɔːrmoʊn/

hormone

Meaning
a chemical substance produced in the body that influences how the body grows or functions
Example
Insulin is a hormone that controls blood sugar levels.
B2 verb /ɪnˈtɛnsɪfaɪ/

intensify

Meaning
To make something stronger, more extreme, or more forceful.
Example
The storm is expected to intensify overnight.
B2 noun /ɡeɪz/

Gaze

Meaning
a steady intent look; to look steadily and intently in a particular direction
Example
She met his intense gaze across the crowded room and felt her heart skip a beat.
B2 noun /ˈɑːnər/

honor

Meaning
high respect; great esteem
Example
He received an award in honor of his achievements.
B2 noun /ˈlænd.lɔːrd/

Landlord

Meaning
a man who rents out land, a building, or accommodation; a male property owner
Example
The landlord agreed to fix the broken heating system before winter arrived.
B2 adjective səˈfɪs.tɪ.keɪ.tɪd

sophisticated

Meaning
Having great knowledge or experience of the world and knowing about fashion, culture, and other things that people think are socially important; highly developed or complex.
Example
Sophisticated designs enhance aesthetics.
B2 noun /nɒsˈtæl.dʒə/

nostalgia

Meaning
A sentimental longing for the past, typically for a period or place with happy personal associations.
Example
Listening to old songs fills me with nostalgia.
B2 noun /ˈkwɔːtərˌbæk/

quarterback

Meaning
the player who directs a team’s offense in American football
Example
The quarterback threw a perfect pass.
B2 verb /wɪðˈdrɔː/

withdraw

Meaning
to take money out of an account; to remove or pull back
Example
She needs to withdraw money from the bank.
B2 noun /sɪnˈserɪti/

Sincerity

Meaning
the quality of being free from pretense or deceit; honesty
Example
His sincerity in apologizing was evident to everyone.
B2 adverb /ˈstrɪktli/

strictly

Meaning
in a way that follows rules or limits completely
Example
Smoking is strictly prohibited inside the building.
B2 noun, verb /ˈfaɪlɪŋ/

filing

Meaning
the act of submitting documents; the process of organizing papers
Example
The lawyer handled the filing of all court documents.
B2 noun /kəˈroʊnə/

corona

Meaning
a crown or crown-like structure; also refers to the outer atmosphere of the sun
Example
The sun's corona was visible during the total solar eclipse.
B2 noun /ˈɒp.tɪ.mɪ.zəm/

optimism

Meaning
Hopefulness and confidence about the future or the successful outcome of something.
Example
Her optimism helped her overcome difficult times.
B2 noun /dʒɜːm/

germ

Meaning
a microscopic organism, especially one that causes disease
Example
Washing your hands helps prevent the spread of germs.
B2 verb səˈpres

suppress

Meaning
To forcibly put an end to; to restrain or subdue.
Example
Authorities must suppress criminal activities in campuses.
B2 adjective /mæɡˈnɪfɪsənt/

magnificent

Meaning
extremely beautiful, impressive, or splendid
Example
The view from the mountain was truly magnificent.
B2 verb /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/

diminish

Meaning
to make or become less; to reduce in size, importance, or value
Example
Over time, his influence in the company began to diminish.
B2 noun /ˈkɑr.ɡoʊ ʃɪp/

Cargo ship

Meaning
a ship or vessel that carries goods and materials from one port to another
Example
The cargo ship transported containers filled with electronics across the ocean.
B2 verb /saɪ/

sigh

Meaning
to let out a long, deep breath as an expression of tiredness, relief, or sadness
Example
She sighed with relief when she heard the good news.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈlɪmɪtɪd/

unlimited

Meaning
without any limits or restrictions
Example
The internet plan offers unlimited data for the whole month.
B2 adjective /ˌkɒm.plɪˈmen.tər.i/

Complimentary

Meaning
expressing praise or admiration; given or supplied free of charge as a courtesy
Example
The hotel offers complimentary breakfast for all guests.
B2 verb /əˈsɛmbəl/

assemble

Meaning
to gather or bring together in one place
Example
The students assembled in the hall for the meeting.
B2 noun /kənˈkʌʃən/

concussion

Meaning
A temporary unconsciousness or shock caused by a blow to the head.
Example
He suffered a concussion after falling from the bike.
B2 noun ˈmɑːr.kɪt ɪˈkɒn.ə.mi

market economy

Meaning
An economic system where production and pricing decisions are controlled by individuals and based on supply and demand.
Example
A market economy allows businesses to compete freely.
B2 noun /traʊt/

Trout

Meaning
a freshwater fish species known for its delicate flavor and often found in cold, clear waters
Example
Rainbow trout is popular among anglers for sport fishing.
B2 noun, verb /ɪntʃ/

inch

Meaning
A unit of length equal to 2.54 centimeters; or to move slowly and carefully in small amounts.
Example
She inched closer to the edge of the stage.
B2 noun /ˈɛmbəsi/

embassy

Meaning
the official residence or offices of an ambassador
Example
He works at the French embassy in Dhaka.
B2 noun ˈiː.kəʊˌsɪs.təm

ecosystem

Meaning
A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
Example
A balanced ecosystem is crucial for environmental sustainability.
B2 verb /siːs/

cease

Meaning
to bring or come to an end; to stop doing something
Example
The noise ceased as soon as the children went inside.
B2 noun ˌæl.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃənz

allegations

Meaning
Claims or assertions that someone has done something illegal or wrong, typically without proof.
Example
The allegations were investigated by an international body.
B2 noun /ˈlɒbi/

lobby

Meaning
a large open area near the entrance of a building; also a group trying to influence decisions.
Example
We met the manager in the hotel lobby before the meeting.
B2 verb /əˈveɪl/

avail

Meaning
to make use of something; to be of use or benefit
Example
You should avail yourself of this opportunity.
B2 adjective /ˈvɪɡ.ər.əs/

vigorous

Meaning
Characterized by high energy and vitality.
Example
Regular exercise keeps the body vigorous and healthy.
B2 noun /ˈbɪtərnəs/

Bitterness

Meaning
anger and disappointment at being treated unfairly; resentment; a sharp, unpleasant taste
Example
She spoke with bitterness about her former employer.
B2 noun /ˈdʌmi/

dummy

Meaning
a model or replica of a human used for practice, display, or testing; also a term for a foolish person
Example
The tailor used a dummy to display the dress.
B2 noun /prəˈpɔːʃən/

proportion

Meaning
a part, share, or number considered in comparative relation to a whole
Example
The proportion of students passing the exam was high.
B2 noun /braɪb/

Bribe

Meaning
a sum of money or something valuable given to someone to persuade them to do something dishonest or illegal
Example
The corrupt official was caught accepting a bribe from the construction company.
B2 noun /ˈlɪtə(r)/

liter

Meaning
a metric unit of volume equal to one cubic decimeter
Example
The recipe calls for two liters of water.
B2 verb /əˈraɪz/

arise

Meaning
to begin to exist or to happen
Example
Problems may arise if you don't plan ahead.
B2 noun /kɜːrd/

Curd

Meaning
a white dairy product made by coagulating milk; yogurt
Example
She added fresh curd to the salad for a tangy flavor.
B2 noun səbˈstænʃəl ˈɪmpækt

substantial impact

Meaning
A significant, considerable, and meaningful effect or influence.
Example
Substantial impact is possible even with a few hours of volunteering.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈfeɪv(ə)rəbəl/

unfavorable

Meaning
not beneficial or advantageous; showing disapproval or opposition
Example
The proposal received an unfavorable response from the committee.
B2 noun ˈæsɛt

asset

Meaning
A useful or valuable thing, person, or quality.
Example
Real estate is one of the most valuable assets.
B2 noun /ˈbɒmɪŋ/

bombing

Meaning
an attack using bombs or explosives
Example
The city was devastated by the bombing.
B2 noun /ˈten.ənt/

Tenant

Meaning
a person who rents and occupies property owned by someone else
Example
The landlord met with the new tenant to sign the lease agreement.