C1 noun /ˈtɜː.mɔɪl/

turmoil

беспорядок

Meaning

A state of great disturbance, confusion, or uncertainty.

Example

The political turmoil led to mass protests.

Политический беспорядок привел к массовым протестам.

C1 adjective /ˈhær.oʊ.ɪŋ/

harrowing

ужасающий и мучительный

Meaning

extremely distressing or upsetting

Example

It was a harrowing experience to witness the accident.

Это был ужасный опыт — быть свидетелем аварии.

C1 adjective /ˈluː.krə.tɪv/

lucrative

прибыльный

Meaning

Producing a great deal of profit; highly profitable or financially rewarding.

Example

The real estate business is highly lucrative in urban areas.

Рынок недвижимости очень прибыльный в городских районах.

C2 noun /tʃəˈmeɪ.li/

Chameli

жасмин

Meaning

a variety of jasmine flower with small white fragrant petals

Example

The chameli flowers are commonly used to make garlands and perfumes.

Цветы жасмина обычно используют для изготовления гирлянд и духов.

C1 noun /ˈbrɛvɪti/

brevity

краткость

Meaning

Concise and exact use of words in writing or speech.

Example

The brevity of the speech kept the audience engaged.

Краткость речи удерживала внимание аудитории.

C2 noun /sɛnˈtjʊəriən/

centurion

центурион

Meaning

A commander of a unit of one hundred soldiers in the ancient Roman army.

Example

The centurion led his men into battle with courage.

Центурион вел своих солдат в бой с храбростью.

C1 noun /ɪnˈkɒmpɪtəns/

incompetence

некомпетентность

Meaning

Lack of ability, skill, or effectiveness in doing something.

Example

The project failed due to the manager’s incompetence.

Проект потерпел неудачу из-за некомпетентности менеджера.

C1 noun /ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtər/

demonstrator

демонстратор, протестующий

Meaning

a person who shows how something works or takes part in a public protest

Example

The demonstrators marched peacefully through the city streets.

Демонстранты мирно шли по улицам города.

B1 adjective; verb (past and past participle of prepare) /prɪˈpɛrd/

prepared

подготовленный

Meaning

made ready in advance; having made plans or taken steps beforehand

Example

She was fully prepared for the final exam.

Она была полностью подготовлена к итоговому экзамену.

A1 preposition /tuː/

to

к

Meaning

used for expressing motion or direction

Example

She is going to the market.

Она идет на рынок.

C2 noun /ˌɪntərpəˈzɪʃən/

interposition

вмешательство

Meaning

The act of intervening or coming between two things, often to influence or prevent an outcome.

Example

The manager’s interposition prevented a heated argument from escalating.

Вмешательство менеджера предотвратило эскалацию оживленного спора.

A1 verb /tɔːk/

talk

говорить

Meaning

to speak; to communicate by speaking; to discuss

Example

Let's talk about your future plans.

Давайте поговорим о ваших планах на будущее.

C2 noun/verb /ˈlɛv.ən/

leaven

дрожжи

Meaning

a substance, typically yeast, that causes dough to rise; to permeate and modify

Example

A little yeast will leaven the bread dough.

Немного дрожжей заставит тесто подняться.

B2 noun ɪnˈsɛntɪvz

incentives

стимулы

Meaning

Things that motivate or encourage one to do something.

Example

Tax incentives are used to encourage investment in renewable energy.

Налоговые стимулы используются для поощрения инвестиций в возобновляемую энергетику.

B1 noun /ˈɪnpʊt/

input

ввод, предоставленная информация

Meaning

information, advice, or data that is put into a system, device, or process

Example

The manager asked for everyone's input on the new project.

Менеджер попросил всех высказать свое мнение по новому проекту.

C2 noun /ˈsætər/

satyr

счастье

Meaning

a creature from Greek mythology depicted as a lustful being, often half-man and half-goat; by extension, a lecherous man

Example

In the museum mural, a satyr plays the panpipes while dancing in the woods.

Она не могла скрыть свое счастье, когда получила награду.

C2 noun /ˈhæbɪtənt/

habitant

житель

Meaning

An inhabitant; a person or animal that lives in a particular place.

Example

The habitants of the village were friendly and welcoming.

Жители деревни были дружелюбными и гостеприимными.

A1 verb /juːz/

use

использовать

Meaning

to employ something for a purpose; to take advantage of

Example

I use my computer for work and entertainment.

Я использую мой компьютер для работы и развлечений.

C1 noun /ˌpriːməˈnɪʃən/ or /ˌprɛm-/

premonition

предчувствие

Meaning

a strong feeling that something is about to happen, often something negative

Example

She had a premonition of danger before the trip.

У неё было предчувствие опасности перед поездкой.

C1 noun ˈledʒ.ɪ.slə.tʃər

legislature

законодательное собрание

Meaning

The legislative body of a country or state; the branch of government that makes laws.

Example

The legislature drafts laws for governance.

Законодательный орган разрабатывает законы для управления.

C1 verb əˈnaɪ.ə.leɪt

annihilate

уничтожить

Meaning

Destroy utterly; obliterate; reduce to nothing.

Example

The explosion annihilated the entire village.

Взрыв уничтожил всю деревню.

B2 adverb /ˈsel.fɪʃ.li/

Selfishly

эгоистично

Meaning

in a selfish manner; caring only about oneself

Example

He selfishly took all the cookies.

Он эгоистично забрал все печенья.

C1 noun /əˈduː/

ado

суматоха / ненужная активность

Meaning

a fuss or unnecessary activity; trouble or difficulty

Example

Without further ado, let’s begin the ceremony.

Без дальнейшего ado, давайте начнем церемонию.

B1 verb /dɪˈtɜːrmɪn/

determine

определять

Meaning

to decide; to find out exactly

Example

We must determine the cause of the problem.

Мы должны определить причину проблемы.

B1 noun /ˈfeɪvər/

favor

услуга

Meaning

An act of kindness or approval.

Example

She asked him for a small favor.

Она попросила у него небольшую услугу.

B2 adjective /ˈθɜːrməl/

thermal

термический

Meaning

Related to heat or temperature.

Example

She wore a thermal jacket to stay warm in winter.

Она носила термическую куртку, чтобы оставаться в тепле зимой.

C1 adjective /ˈtrɛtʃərəs/

treacherous

предательский

Meaning

Dangerously unstable or deceptive; likely to betray trust.

Example

The treacherous road made driving difficult.

Предательская дорога сделала вождение трудным.

B2 adjective /mɪr/

mere

простой

Meaning

Used to emphasize how small or insignificant something is.

Example

It was a mere suggestion, not a command.

Это было всего лишь предложение, а не приказ.

B1 adjective /kəˈlɛktɪd/

collected

спокойный

Meaning

calm and in control of oneself

Example

She remained calm and collected during the crisis.

Она оставалась спокойной и собранной во время кризиса.

B2 noun /æʃ/

ash

пепел

Meaning

the powdery residue left after the burning of a substance

Example

After the fire, only ash remained of the house.

После пожара остался только пепел от дома.

C1 adjective/verb /ˈleɪ.bərd/

labored

трудный

Meaning

done with great effort and difficulty; or past tense of labor

Example

He gave a labored explanation that confused the audience.

Он дал напряжённое объяснение, которое сбило с толку аудиторию.

B2 noun /ˈɡeɪt.weɪ/

Gateway

ворота; вход

Meaning

an entrance or opening that provides access to a place; a means of achieving a particular state or condition

Example

The ancient stone gateway served as the entrance to the magnificent palace.

Древняя каменная арка служила входом в великолепный дворец.

C1 verb /ˈfɔːrfɪt/

forfeit

лишать / лишиться

Meaning

to lose or give up something, usually as a penalty for wrongdoing

Example

He had to forfeit the match after breaking the rules.

Ему пришлось проиграть матч после нарушения правил.

A2 noun /sɔːs/

Sauce

соус

Meaning

a liquid or semi-liquid substance served with food to add moisture and flavor

Example

She added tomato sauce to her pasta.

Она добавила томатный соус в свою пасту.

C2 noun /ˈɡlʌt.ən/

Glutton

обжора

Meaning

a person who regularly eats or drinks more than is necessary; someone who has an excessive appetite

Example

He was known as a glutton who could finish three large pizzas in one sitting.

Он был известен как обжора, который мог съесть три большие пиццы за один раз.

A2 noun,verb /kɔːrt/

court

суд или место для поиска внимания или расположения

Meaning

a place where legal cases are heard or to seek favor or attention

Example

He courted the judge with respect.

Он судил судью с уважением.

B1 noun /ˈkæbɪn/

cabin

кабина

Meaning

a small shelter or house, often made of wood in a remote area

Example

They spent the weekend in a cozy cabin in the mountains.

Они провели выходные в уютной кабине в горах.

C2 adjective /pʌɡˈneɪʃəs/

pugnacious

драчливый

Meaning

Having a quarrelsome or combative nature; eager to fight.

Example

His pugnacious attitude often got him into trouble.

Его драчливое поведение часто приводило его в неприятности.

C2 noun /ˈtɒksɪn/

tocsin

тревожный колокол

Meaning

an alarm bell or signal; a warning that something bad is about to happen

Example

The data breach sounded a tocsin for stricter security.

Утечка данных прозвучала как тревожный колокол для ужесточения безопасности.

B1 noun, verb /strɪŋ/

string

шнур

Meaning

a thin piece of cord or thread; to tie or fasten with a string

Example

She tied the package with a string.

Она завязала пакет шнурком.

C2 adjective /ɒmˈnɪp.ə.tənt/

omnipotent

всемогущий

Meaning

Having unlimited power; able to do anything; all-powerful.

Example

In many religions, God is considered omnipotent.

Во многих религиях Бога считают всемогущим.

C1 noun /kənˈfaɪnmənt/

confinement

заключение

Meaning

the state of being confined or restricted

Example

The prisoner endured years of confinement.

Заключённый выдержал годы заключения.

C1 noun /ˈtʃænsələr/

chancellor

канцлер / ректор

Meaning

A senior state or legal official, or the head of a university.

Example

The chancellor delivered an inspiring speech at the graduation ceremony.

Канцлер произнес вдохновляющую речь на церемонии вручения дипломов.

C1 verb /kɜːrˈteɪl/

curtail

сокращать

Meaning

to reduce or limit something, especially something considered undesirable

Example

The company had to curtail its spending due to budget cuts.

Компания была вынуждена сократить свои расходы из-за сокращения бюджета.

A1 pronoun /ɪts/

its

его

Meaning

Belonging to or associated with a thing previously mentioned.

Example

The company changed its logo last year.

Компания изменила свой логотип в прошлом году.

C1 adjective /ˈfeɪt.fəl/

fateful

роковой или судьбоносный

Meaning

having significant or disastrous consequences

Example

Their fateful decision changed the course of history.

Их роковое решение изменило ход истории.

C1 adjective /ˈɪnfəməs/

infamous

печально известный

Meaning

well known for some bad quality or deed

Example

The dictator was infamous for his cruelty.

Диктатор был печально известен своей жестокостью.

C1 noun /ɪmˌpɜː.sənˈeɪ.ʃən/

impersonation

притворство

Meaning

The action of pretending to be another person for the purpose of entertainment or fraud.

Example

Online impersonation is a serious cybercrime.

Онлайн-притворство — это серьезное киберпреступление.

C1 noun /ˈɛkstrəˌvɜːrt/

extrovert

экстраверт

Meaning

a person who is outgoing, sociable, and energized by being around other people

Example

As an extrovert, she enjoys meeting new people at social events.

Как экстраверт, она любит встречаться с новыми людьми на социальных мероприятиях.

C2 adjective /ˈskʌr.ɪ.ləs/

scurrilous

клеветнический

Meaning

Using or expressed in coarse, abusive, or slanderous language.

Example

The politician faced criticism for his scurrilous remarks about his opponent.

Политик столкнулся с критикой из-за своих клеветнических замечаний о своем оппоненте.

B2 adverb /ˈred.ɪ.li/

Readily

охотно; легко; без колебаний

Meaning

willingly; easily; without hesitation

Example

She readily agreed to help with the project.

Она охотно согласилась помочь с проектом.

C2 adjective /ˌɪnˈekspɜːrt/

inexpert

неопытный

Meaning

not skilled or experienced; lacking expertise

Example

The inexpert handling of the machine caused several mistakes.

Неопытное обращение с машиной привело к нескольким ошибкам.

C1 adjective /ˈɡlɛrɪŋ/

glaring

яркий / очевидный

Meaning

Extremely obvious or shining intensely.

Example

There was a glaring mistake in the report.

В отчете была явная ошибка.

C2 adjective /pɪˈskætɔːrɪəl/

piscatorial

относящийся к рыбалке

Meaning

relating to fishing or fishermen

Example

He has a deep knowledge of piscatorial techniques and fish species.

У него глубокие знания в области рыбачьих техник и видов рыб.

B1 verb ɪkˈspændɪŋ

expanding

расширять

Meaning

Becoming larger or more extensive; increasing in size, number, or importance.

Example

Expanding education opportunities helps reduce inequality.

Расширение образовательных возможностей помогает уменьшить неравенство.

B1 noun /weɪl/

Whale

кит

Meaning

a very large marine mammal with a streamlined hairless body, a horizontal tail fin, and a blowhole on top of the head for breathing

Example

The blue whale is the largest animal ever known to have lived on Earth.

Синий кит — самое большое животное, когда-либо жившее на Земле.

B2 noun /ˌkɒndɛnˈseɪʃən/

condensation

конденсация

Meaning

The process of water vapor changing into liquid; also, the act of making something more concise.

Example

Condensation formed on the windows during the cold night.

Конденсация образовалась на окнах в холодную ночь.

B1 verb /ˈɒpəreɪt/

operate

оперировать

Meaning

to function; to control or manage; to perform surgery

Example

The surgeon will operate on the patient tomorrow.

Хирург будет оперировать пациента завтра.

C2 noun /ˈbrɪɡ.ənd/

brigand

разбойник

Meaning

A member of a gang that ambushes and robs people in forests or mountains; a bandit.

Example

The travelers were attacked by brigands in the mountains.

Путники были атакованы разбойниками в горах.

C2 noun/verb /ɡraʊtʃ/

grouch

ворчун

Meaning

a person who complains a lot or to complain in a grumpy way

Example

He is such a grouch in the morning before coffee.

Он всегда ворчит по утрам перед кофе.

A1 noun /tə'meɪ.toʊ/

Tomato

томат

Meaning

a red or yellow edible fruit that is typically eaten as a vegetable

Example

She added fresh tomatoes to the salad.

Она добавила свежие помидоры в салат.

C2 adjective /ˌpɛrɪpəˈtɛtɪk/

peripatetic

кочевник

Meaning

Traveling from place to place, especially for work or based on lifestyle.

Example

He led a peripatetic life as a traveling teacher.

Он вел кочевой образ жизни как путешествующий преподаватель.

C1 noun /ˌænəlˈdʒiːzɪk/

analgesic

обезболивающее средство

Meaning

A drug or substance that relieves pain.

Example

She took an analgesic to ease her headache.

Она приняла обезболивающее средство, чтобы облегчить головную боль.

C1 adjective /ˌɪnɑːrˈtɪkjʊlət/

inarticulate

невнятный

Meaning

Unable to express oneself clearly or effectively in speech or writing.

Example

She became inarticulate with emotion during the speech.

Она стала невнятной от эмоций во время речи.

C1 adjective /ˈreɡ.jʊ.lə.tər.i/

Regulatory

регулирующий

Meaning

Having the power to control or govern something through rules and regulations.

Example

The government enforces regulatory policies for financial stability.

Правительство применяет регулирующие политики для финансовой стабильности.

C1 noun /dɪˈskrep.ən.si/

discrepancy

несоответствие, различие, расхождение

Meaning

A lack of compatibility or similarity between two or more facts.

Example

The audit revealed a discrepancy between the reported earnings and actual income.

Аудит показал несоответствие между заявленными доходами и реальными доходами.

C2 verb /ˈɛkskʌlpeɪt/

exculpate

оправдывать

Meaning

to show or declare that someone is not guilty of wrongdoing

Example

The lawyer worked hard to exculpate his client.

Адвокат усердно работал, чтобы оправдать своего клиента.

C2 adjective /mæɡˈnæn.ɪ.məs/

magnanimous

великодушный, щедрый, снисходительный

Meaning

Very kind and generous, especially towards a rival or someone less powerful than oneself.

Example

His magnanimous nature made him respected by all.

Его великодушная натура сделала его уважаемым для всех.

C2 noun /ˈtæksɪˌdɜːrmi/

taxidermy

таксидермия

Meaning

The art of preparing, stuffing, and mounting the skins of animals for display.

Example

The museum had a large collection of taxidermy animals.

В музее была большая коллекция чучел животных.

C1 verb /ɪkˈstræpəleɪtɪŋ/

extrapolating

экстраполировать

Meaning

Extend the application of (a method or conclusion) to an unknown situation by assuming that existing trends will continue.

Example

Extrapolating from the current data, we can estimate the trends for next year.

Экстраполируя текущие данные, мы можем оценить тенденции на следующий год.

A1 noun /bɔɪ/

boy

мальчик

Meaning

a male child or young male person

Example

The boy ran across the playground.

Мальчик бегал по игровой площадке.

Meaning

Able to be understood; clear enough to be comprehended.

Example

Her speech was barely intelligible over the noise.

C1 noun ˌpraɪ.vɪ.taɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

privatization

приватизация

Meaning

The transfer of a business, industry, or service from public to private ownership and control.

Example

The privatization of state-owned companies increased efficiency.

Приватизация государственных компаний повысила эффективность.

C1 noun /æmˈniːʒə/

amnesia

амнезия

Meaning

A partial or total loss of memory, usually caused by injury, illness, or psychological trauma.

Example

After the accident, she suffered from amnesia and could not remember her own name.

После аварии она страдала от амнезии и не могла вспомнить свое имя.

C1 adjective /ɪkˈskjuːzəbl/

excusable

оправданный

Meaning

Able to be forgiven or justified.

Example

Her mistake was excusable given the circumstances.

Её ошибка была оправданной, учитывая обстоятельства.

C1 preposition/adverb/conjunction /ˌnɒtwɪθˈstændɪŋ/

notwithstanding

несмотря на

Meaning

In spite of; despite

Example

Notwithstanding the challenges, the team completed the project.

Несмотря на трудности, команда завершила проект.

C1 noun, adjective /dɪˈrɪvətɪv/

derivative

дериватив

Meaning

Something that is based on another source; in math, a measure of how a function changes.

Example

The film was criticized for being too derivative of earlier works.

Фильм был раскритикован за слишком большое сходство с предыдущими работами.

B1 noun ˈbreɪvəri

bravery

храбрость

Meaning

Courageous behavior or character; the quality of being brave.

Example

The bravery of our soldiers is unforgettable.

Храбрость наших солдат незабвенно.

A1 verb /seɪ/

say

сказать

Meaning

to speak words; to express something in words

Example

She said hello to me.

Она сказала мне привет.

C2 adjective /prəˈtuːbərənt/

protuberant

выпуклый или надутый

Meaning

Sticking out or bulging.

Example

His protuberant belly showed after the meal.

Его выпуклый живот показался после еды.

C1 noun /ˌrɛstɪˈtjuːʃən/

restitution

возмещение ущерба

Meaning

The act of restoring something to its rightful owner or compensating for loss

Example

The court ordered restitution to the victims of the fraud.

Суд постановил возмещение ущерба жертвам мошенничества.

B2 adjective /ɪˈtɜː.nəl/

Eternal

вечный; бесконечный; бессмертный; вечный

Meaning

lasting or existing forever; without end or beginning; everlasting

Example

Their love seemed eternal and unbreakable.

Их любовь казалась вечной и неразрушимой.

C2 noun ˈvaɪ.və ˈvəʊs

viva voce

устный экзамен

Meaning

An oral examination, typically for an academic qualification.

Example

Viva Voce tests communication skills.

Экзамен Viva Voce оценивает коммуникативные навыки.

B2 noun ˌɪmplɪmenˈteɪʃən

implementation

реализация

Meaning

The process of putting a decision or plan into effect; execution.

Example

Proper implementation of policies is crucial.

Правильная реализация политик имеет решающее значение.

B2 noun /ˌkɑn.trəˈdɪk.ʃən/

Contradiction

противоречие; несоответствие

Meaning

a combination of statements, ideas, or features which are opposed to one another; inconsistency

Example

There was a clear contradiction between his words and his actions.

Было явное противоречие между его словами и его действиями.

C2 noun /ˌɔːrdɪˈneɪʃən/

ordination

посвящение

Meaning

The ceremony of conferring holy orders or official religious authority.

Example

The church held a special service for the ordination of new priests.

Церковь провела специальную службу для посвящения новых священников.

C2 adjective /krɪˈpʌskjʊlər/

crepuscular

относится к сумеркам

Meaning

relating to twilight or active during twilight

Example

Bats are crepuscular animals, most active at dawn and dusk.

Летучие мыши — сумеречные животные, самые активные на рассвете и на закате.

A1 pronoun /wi/

we

мы

Meaning

used by a speaker to refer to himself or herself and one or more other people

Example

We are going to the park this afternoon.

Мы идем в парк этим днем.

C1 noun /vɪnˈjɛt/

vignette

виниет

Meaning

A short, descriptive piece of writing or a brief scene.

Example

The author included a poignant vignette in the introduction of the book.

Автор включил трогательную виниет в введение к книге.

B2 noun əˌkaʊntəˈbɪləti

accountability

ответственность

Meaning

The fact or condition of being accountable; responsibility.

Example

Accountability is key to maintaining trust in any system.

Ответственность важна для поддержания доверия в любой системе.

C1 verb /ˈkætəˌlaɪz/

catalyze

катализировать

Meaning

To cause or accelerate a reaction or change.

Example

The new law catalyzed reforms across the sector.

Новый закон ускорил реформы в секторе.

A1 adjective /kloʊzd/

closed

закрыт

Meaning

not open; shut

Example

The store is closed on Fridays.

Магазин закрыт по пятницам.

B2 noun /ˈlænd.ɪŋ/

Landing

посадка

Meaning

the action of coming to rest on the ground or another surface; a level area at the top of a staircase

Example

The pilot made a smooth landing despite the stormy weather conditions.

Пилот совершил мягкую посадку, несмотря на штормовые погодные условия.

B2 noun /fɔːrˈmeɪʃən/

formation

формирование

Meaning

the action of forming or process of being formed

Example

The formation of the new company took several months.

Формирование новой компании заняло несколько месяцев.

C1 verb /ɪnˈklaɪn/

incline

склоняться

Meaning

to feel willing or favorably disposed toward something; to bend or tilt

Example

She is inclined to agree with the proposal.

Она склонна согласиться с предложением.

C1 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈskjuːzəbl/

inexcusable

неоправданный

Meaning

Too bad to be justified or overlooked; unforgivable.

Example

His rude behavior was inexcusable.

Его грубое поведение было неоспоримо.

C2 adjective /ˈbiːstiəl/

bestial

звериный

Meaning

Relating to beasts; showing savagery, brutality, or lacking human sensibility.

Example

The prisoners were treated in a bestial manner.

Заключённых обращались по зверски.

B2 noun /ˈpɜr.mə.nəns/

Permanence

постоянство

Meaning

the state or quality of lasting or remaining unchanged indefinitely; enduring nature

Example

The permanence of the stone monument impressed all visitors.

Постоянство каменного монумента впечатлило всех посетителей.

B1 noun ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn

recognition

признание

Meaning

Acknowledgment of the existence, validity, or legality of something; appreciation or acclaim for an achievement, service, or ability.

Example

He earned recognition after years of struggle.

Он получил признание после лет борьбы.

C1 noun ˈpɛd.ə.ɡɒ.dʒi

pedagogy

педагогика

Meaning

The method and practice of teaching, especially as an academic subject or theoretical concept.

Example

Modern pedagogy focuses on student-centered learning.

Современная педагогика сосредоточена на обучении, ориентированном на учащегося.

B2 noun pəˈspek.tɪvz

perspectives

перспектива

Meaning

A particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view.

Example

New perspectives enhance understanding.

Новые перспективы помогают улучшить понимание.

B1 noun /fəˈsɪl.ɪ.ti/

facility

учреждение

Meaning

A place, amenity, or piece of equipment provided for a particular purpose.

Example

The facility was well-maintained.

Учреждение было хорошо обслужено.

A2 noun /test/

test

тест

Meaning

A procedure intended to establish the quality, performance, or reliability of something.

Example

Vehicle tests reduce emissions.

Тесты транспортных средств уменьшают выбросы.

C1 noun /ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃɪˈeɪʃən/

differentiation

дифференциация, различие

Meaning

The action or process of differentiating or distinguishing between things.

Example

Differentiation from competitors can create a unique market position.

Дифференциация от конкурентов может создать уникальную рыночную позицию.

A1 noun /ˈlaɪ.brər.i/

Library

библиотека

Meaning

a building or room containing collections of books, periodicals, and sometimes films and recorded music for people to read, borrow, or refer to

Example

She goes to the library every weekend to study.

Она ходит в библиотеку каждую неделю, чтобы учиться.

B1 adjective /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/

Ambitious

амбициозный/амбициозная

Meaning

having strong desire for success or achievement; aspiring

Example

She is ambitious and works hard to achieve her goals.

Она амбициозна и усердно работает, чтобы достичь своих целей.

C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɪbɪtɪd/

inhibited

сдержанный

Meaning

Unable to act in a relaxed and natural way, especially due to self-consciousness or restraint.

Example

He was too inhibited to express his true feelings.

Он был слишком сдержан, чтобы выразить свои истинные чувства.

B2 adjective /ˈsoʊʃəbəl/

Sociable

общительный; дружелюбный; экстраверт

Meaning

friendly and enjoys being with other people; outgoing

Example

She is very sociable and makes friends easily.

Она очень общительная и легко находит друзей.

C2 noun /ˈɡɪni/

guinea

гини (бывшая британская золотая монета)

Meaning

A former British gold coin; also refers to Guinea, a country in West Africa

Example

The antique coin was worth one guinea.

Античная монета стоила одну гини.

C1 verb /ˌrekəˈlekt/

recollect

вспоминать

Meaning

to remember something; to recall from memory

Example

I can't recollect where I put my keys.

Я не могу вспомнить, где я положил свои ключи.

A2 preposition /riː/

re

относительно

Meaning

concerning or about (used in formal letters or emails)

Example

The letter was sent re your recent application.

Письмо было отправлено относительно вашего недавнего заявления.

C1 verb /tʃæsˈtaɪz/

chastise

критиковать строго / наказывать

Meaning

to criticize or punish severely

Example

The teacher chastised the student for being late.

Учитель строго наказал ученика за опоздание.

B1 adverb /praɪˈmɛrɪli/

primarily

преимущественно

Meaning

for the most part; mainly

Example

She is primarily responsible for managing the finances.

Она в основном отвечает за управление финансами.

B2 noun /ˈrɛlɪvəns/

relevance

актуальность

Meaning

the quality or state of being closely connected or appropriate

Example

The relevance of the information was clear to everyone.

Актуальность информации была очевидна для всех.

C2 noun, verb /ɡɔːl/

gall

наглость, раздражать

Meaning

Annoyance, boldness, or to irritate.

Example

She had the gall to question his decision.

Она имела наглость поставить под сомнение его решение.

C1 adjective /ˌmed.iˈiː.vəl/

Mediaeval

средневековый

Meaning

relating to the Middle Ages; medieval

Example

The castle displayed mediaeval architecture and design.

Замок отображал средневековую архитектуру и дизайн.