missal
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN Английский BN Бенгальский HI Хинди ES Испанский FR Французский DE Немецкий RU Русский ZH Китайский JA Японский
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
C2 noun /ˈmɪsəl/

missal

мисса-книга
Meaning
a book containing the texts used in the Catholic Mass throughout the year
Example
The priest read from the missal during the ceremony.
Священник читал из мисса-книги во время церемонии.
C2 noun ˌpɜː.tɪˈnæs.ɪ.ti

pertinacity

стойкость и настойчивость
Meaning
Firm determination and persistence in achieving something.
Example
His pertinacity in achieving his goals was inspiring.
Его упорство в достижении целей было вдохновляющим.
C2 adjective /sɪˈdɪʃəs/

seditious

мятежный
Meaning
Encouraging rebellion against authority.
Example
The activist spread seditious pamphlets among the crowd.
Активист распространял мятежные листовки среди толпы.
C1 adjective ɪˈθɪə.ri.əl

ethereal

небесный, деликатный, сверхъестественный
Meaning
Extremely delicate and light in a way that seems too perfect for this world.
Example
Her voice had an ethereal quality.
Ее голос имел эфирное качество.
A2 preposition/conjunction/noun/adjective /plʌs/

plus

плюс/преимущество
Meaning
in addition to; a positive aspect or advantage
Example
She received an A plus on her exam.
Она получила A плюс на своем экзамене.
B2 noun /ˈlɪtə(r)/

liter

Meaning
a metric unit of volume equal to one cubic decimeter
Example
The recipe calls for two liters of water.
B2 adjective /naɪˈiːv/

naive

наивный
Meaning
Having a lack of experience or sophistication; overly innocent or trusting.
Example
She was naive to believe the scammer’s story.
Она была наивна, поверив в историю мошенника.
C2 noun /ˈdʒaɪrəˌskoʊp/

gyroscope

гироскоп
Meaning
A device consisting of a wheel or disk mounted so it can spin rapidly and maintain orientation, used for navigation and balance.
Example
The airplane's navigation system relies on a gyroscope for stability.
The airplane's navigation system relies on a gyroscope for stability.
B1 noun /ˈwɜːrkʃɒp/

workshop

мастерская
Meaning
a room or building where people engage in work or creative activities
Example
The workshop focused on improving technical skills for young professionals.
Мастерская была сосредоточена на улучшении технических навыков для молодых профессионалов.
C2 noun /ˌdiːlɛkˈteɪʃən/

delectation

удовольствие
Meaning
great pleasure or delight
Example
She read the story aloud for the delectation of her friends.
Она читала рассказ вслух для удовольствия своих друзей.
C2 adjective ˌʌn.əˈseɪ.lə.bəl

unassailable

непробиваемый
Meaning
Unable to be attacked, questioned, or defeated.
Example
An unassailable position ensures dominance.
Непробиваемая позиция обеспечивает доминирование.
C2 verb /skʌlk/

skulk

Meaning
to move or hide secretly, often because you are planning something bad or are feeling guilty
Example
He tried to skulk in the shadows to avoid being seen.
A2 verb /ˈprɒmɪs/

promise

обещать
Meaning
to assure someone that one will definitely do something; to give one's word
Example
I promise to help you with your homework.
Я обещаю помочь тебе с домашним заданием.
B2 verb /stʌn/

stun

ошеломить, потрясти
Meaning
to shock or surprise someone greatly; to knock someone unconscious or dazed
Example
The news of her sudden resignation stunned everyone.
Новость о её внезапной отставке ошеломила всех.
B2 verb lɔːntʃt

launched

запущен
Meaning
Set (something) in motion by pushing it or letting it go.
Example
The satellite was launched successfully.
Спутник был успешно запущен.
A1 noun neɪmz

Names

имя
Meaning
A word or set of words by which a person or thing is known.
Example
Names of family members are written on the family tree.
Имена членов семьи написаны на генеалогическом дереве.
B2 verb /skwɒʃ/

squash

раздавить
Meaning
to crush or squeeze something with force so that it becomes flat or broken
Example
She accidentally squashed the bug with her shoe.
Она случайно раздавила насекомое своим ботинком.
A2 noun /ədˈvæn.tɪdʒ/

Advantage

преимущество; выгода
Meaning
a condition or circumstance that puts one in a favorable position; a benefit
Example
Having a college degree gives you an advantage in the job market.
Наличие высшего образования дает вам преимущество на рынке труда.
C1 verb /ɪnˈskraɪb/

inscribe

гравировать
Meaning
to write or carve words or symbols on a surface
Example
They inscribed her name on the trophy.
Они выгравировали её имя на трофее.
C1 verb /ˌoʊvərˈpaʊər/

overpower

побеждать
Meaning
To defeat or gain control over someone or something by using greater strength or force.
Example
The soldiers managed to overpower the enemy forces.
Солдаты смогли победить вражеские силы.
B2 adjective /væst/

Vast

огромный; обширный; колоссальный
Meaning
extremely large in size, amount, or extent; immense
Example
The vast ocean stretched endlessly to the horizon.
Огромный океан растягивался до горизонта.
B2 noun /beɪs/

bass

низкий мужской голос / бас-гитара
Meaning
the lowest adult male singing voice; also, low-frequency sounds in music or a type of fish
Example
He played the bass guitar at the concert.
Он играл на бас-гитаре на концерте.
A1 preposition, adverb /bɪˈtwiːn/

between

между
Meaning
at, into, or across the space separating two objects or regions
Example
She sat between her two friends.
Она сидела между своими двумя друзьями.
C2 noun /lɔːˈdeɪʃən/

laudation

похвала
Meaning
The act of praising or expressing approval.
Example
The poet received much laudation for his moving verses.
Поэт получил много похвалы за свои трогательные стихи.
C2 adjective /ˌpriːpəˈzɛsɪŋ/

prepossessing

привлекательный
Meaning
Attractive or appealing in appearance or manner.
Example
She had a prepossessing smile that charmed everyone.
У неё была привлекательная улыбка, которая очаровала всех.
C1 verb /ˈstæmər/

stammer

заикаться
Meaning
To speak with sudden involuntary pauses and a tendency to repeat the initial letters of words.
Example
The nervous student began to stammer during his speech.
Нервный студент начал заикаться во время своей речи.
B2 noun /ˈmɔːr.nɪŋ/

Mourning

траур
Meaning
the expression of deep sorrow for someone who has died
Example
The family is in mourning for their grandmother.
Семья в трауре по своей бабушке.
A2 noun əˈlɪm.pɪk ɡeɪmz

Olympic Games

олимпийские игры
Meaning
The world's largest international sports competition held every four years, bringing together athletes from different countries to compete in various sports.
Example
The Olympic Games bring together the world's top athletes.
Олимпийские игры собирают лучших спортсменов мира.
A2 adjective /əˈnɔɪd/

annoyed

раздражённый
Meaning
feeling slightly angry or irritated
Example
She felt annoyed by the constant noise.
Она была раздражена постоянным шумом.
C1 noun /fɪˈdɛl.ɪ.ti/

fidelity

преданность
Meaning
Faithfulness to a person, cause, or belief, demonstrated by continuing loyalty and support.
Example
A dog's fidelity to its owner is unmatched.
Преданность собаки своему владельцу несравнима.
C2 noun /ˈmɒnəˌsɪləbəl/

monosyllable

слово из одного слога
Meaning
A word consisting of only one syllable.
Example
Words like 'yes' and 'no' are monosyllables.
Слова как 'да' и 'нет' - моносиллаблы.
B1 adjective /əkˈsɛptəbəl/

acceptable

приемлемый
Meaning
able to be agreed upon; satisfactory or suitable
Example
Your proposal is acceptable to the committee.
Ваше предложение приемлемо для комитета.
B1 verb /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/

satisfy

удовлетворить
Meaning
to fulfill the desires, expectations, or needs of someone; to make content
Example
The delicious meal satisfied our hunger completely.
Вкусная еда полностью удовлетворила наш голод.
B2 noun /ˈskændəl/

scandal

скандал
Meaning
an event or action that causes public outrage or damage to one's reputation
Example
The politician's affair became a public scandal.
Роман политика стал общественным скандалом.
C2 adjective /əˈpɒ.krɪ.fəl/

apocryphal

сомнительный
Meaning
Of doubtful authenticity, though widely circulated as true.
Example
The story about him saving the village is probably apocryphal.
История о том, как он спас деревню, вероятно, сомнительна.
A2 adverb /ˈrɛɡjələrli/

regularly

регулярно
Meaning
at regular intervals; in a regular manner
Example
She exercises regularly to stay healthy.
Она регулярно занимается спортом, чтобы оставаться здоровой.
C2 adjective /ˈmʌɡi/

muggy

душно и влажно
Meaning
uncomfortably warm and humid
Example
It was a muggy afternoon in July.
Это был душный день в июле.
B1 noun /ˈreɪn.boʊ/

Rainbow

радуга
Meaning
an arch of colors formed in the sky by sunlight shining through rain
Example
After the storm, a beautiful rainbow appeared in the sky.
После шторма в небе появилась прекрасная радуга.
C2 noun /fəˈlɪsɪti/

felicity

счастье
Meaning
intense happiness; the ability to find appropriate expression for one's thoughts
Example
She was known for her felicity in conversation and cheerful nature.
Она была известна своим счастьем в разговорах и жизнерадостным характером.
C1 noun /ˌkɒrəˈneɪʃən/

coronation

коронация
Meaning
the act or ceremony of crowning a sovereign or monarch
Example
The coronation of the new king was attended by thousands of people.
Коронация нового короля была свидетелем тысяч людей.
C1 noun /pɒmp/

pomp

помпа, роскошь
Meaning
ceremonial display or splendor; grandeur
Example
The graduation ceremony was full of pomp and circumstance.
Церемония вручения дипломов была полна помпы и роскоши.
C1 verb /mɑːr/

mar

порчить
Meaning
to spoil or damage the appearance or quality of something
Example
The scratch will mar the beauty of the painting.
Царапина испортит красоту картины.
B2 adjective /əˈsɪdɪk/

acidic

кислый
Meaning
containing acid; having a sour taste; sharp or biting in tone
Example
The lemon has an acidic taste that makes your mouth pucker.
Лимон имеет кислый вкус.
C2 adjective /mjuːˈnɪfɪsənt/

munificent

щедрый
Meaning
extremely generous; giving freely and abundantly
Example
She made a munificent donation to the orphanage.
Она сделала щедрое пожертвование в сиротский дом.
C1 noun /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/

insignificance

незначительность
Meaning
The quality of being unimportant or trivial.
Example
He felt a sense of insignificance in the vast universe.
Он почувствовал чувство незначительности в безбрежной вселенной.
C1 adjective /ˈæʃən/

ashen

бледный
Meaning
Very pale in appearance, often due to shock, fear, or illness.
Example
His face turned ashen when he heard the terrible news.
Его лицо побледнело, когда он услышал ужасные новости.
C1 noun ˌkæl.ɪˈbreɪ.ʃən

calibration

калибровка
Meaning
The action or process of adjusting or determining the accuracy of measuring instruments.
Example
The accuracy of a scale depends on regular calibration.
Точность весов зависит от регулярной калибровки.
C2 adjective /ˌhaɪpərˈkrɪtɪkl/

hypercritical

гиперкритичный
Meaning
Excessively or unreasonably critical.
Example
The teacher was often hypercritical of small mistakes.
Учитель часто был гиперкритичен к небольшим ошибкам.
C1 noun/verb /ˈoʊvərˌhæŋ/

overhang

выступ
Meaning
To extend outward and hang over something; a projecting part.
Example
The roof overhang provides shade in the summer.
Крыша оверхэнга обеспечивает тень летом.
C2 noun /ˌdɪpsəˈmeɪniæk/

dipsomaniac

алкоголик
Meaning
A person with an uncontrollable craving for alcoholic drinks.
Example
The novel portrayed the tragic downfall of a dipsomaniac who lost everything to alcohol.
Роман изображает трагическое падение алкоголика, который потерял всё из-за алкоголя.
C1 noun /əˈlɜːrtnəs/

alertness

бдительность
Meaning
the state of being mentally aware and quick to notice or respond; vigilance
Example
The driver maintained a high level of alertness during the long journey.
Водитель сохранял высокий уровень бдительности во время поездки.
A2 adjective /ˈsɛvrəl/

several

несколько
Meaning
more than one but not many; a few
Example
Several people attended the meeting yesterday.
Несколько человек посетили встречу вчера.
B2 adjective /ˌʌnəˈveɪləbəl/

unavailable

недоступный
Meaning
Not able to be obtained, reached, or used; not present or accessible.
Example
The manager was unavailable to take calls during the meeting.
Менеджер был недоступен для звонков во время встречи.
B2 verb /ræm/

ram

врезаться
Meaning
to strike or push something with great force
Example
The truck rammed into the wall.
Грузовик врезался в стену.
C2 noun /boʊ/

beau

возлюбленный
Meaning
a male admirer or boyfriend; a fashionable young man
Example
She arrived at the party with her beau.
Она пришла на вечеринку со своим возлюбленным.
A2 noun /toʊ/

Toe

палец на ноге
Meaning
any of the five digits at the end of the human foot
Example
She stubbed her toe on the chair leg.
Она ударилась пальцем ноги о ножку стула.
C1 adjective /maɪˈɑːpɪk/

myopic

миопия, ограниченное зрение
Meaning
lacking foresight or long-term perspective; also refers to nearsightedness
Example
The company’s myopic strategy led to long-term losses.
Миопическая стратегия компании привела к долгосрочным потерям.
C1 verb /dʒæb/

jab

пихать
Meaning
To poke or thrust quickly, often with a finger or something pointed.
Example
He jabbed his finger at the map to show the location.
Он пихал пальцем по карте, чтобы показать местоположение.
C1 noun /ˈsuːtər/

suitor

ухажёр
Meaning
a man who pursues a relationship with a woman, often with the intent to marry
Example
She had many suitors vying for her attention.
У неё было много ухажёров, борющихся за её внимание.
B2 noun /ˈɑː.mənd/

Almond

миндаль
Meaning
edible seed of the almond tree
Example
Almonds are a healthy snack rich in protein and good fats.
Миндаль — это здоровый перекус, богатый белками и полезными жирами.
C1 noun /ˈɑːnkɔːr/

encore

бис
Meaning
An additional performance demanded by an audience at the end of a show.
Example
The band returned to the stage for an encore.
Группа вернулась на сцену для биса.
C1 noun /ˈhʌbʌb/

hubbub

шум
Meaning
a loud noise caused by a crowd of people talking or shouting
Example
There was a hubbub in the market as the sale began.
На рынке был шум, когда началась распродажа.
C1 noun /ˈmeɪniæk/

maniac

маньяк
Meaning
a person who behaves in a wildly foolish, dangerous, or violent way
Example
The driver was speeding like a maniac.
Водитель мчался как маньяк.
B1 verb /daɪn/

dine

ужинать
Meaning
to eat a meal, especially the main meal of the day
Example
We usually dine at seven o'clock in the evening.
Мы обычно ужинаем в семь часов вечера.
C2 verb /trænsˈfjuːz/

transfuse

Meaning
to transfer blood or another fluid into a vein or body part; to instill a quality or idea into someone or something
Example
The doctor had to transfuse blood into the patient after the surgery.
C1 adjective ˌɜː.ɡəˈnɒm.ɪk

ergonomic

эргономичный дизайн
Meaning
Designed for efficiency and comfort in the working environment; user-friendly and reducing strain.
Example
The chair has an ergonomic design for better posture.
Этот стул имеет эргономичный дизайн для лучшей осанки.
A1 adverb /ˈɔːfən/

often

часто
Meaning
frequently, many times
Example
I often visit my grandparents on weekends.
Я часто посещаю своих бабушку и дедушку на выходных.
C2 adjective /ˈfæsaɪl/

Facile

легкий; поверхностный; лишенный глубины
Meaning
easily achieved; superficial; lacking depth
Example
His facile explanation didn't address the real problem.
Его простое объяснение не решило настоящую проблему.
C1 noun /jiːst/

Yeast

дрожжи
Meaning
microorganisms used in baking and brewing to cause fermentation
Example
Add yeast to the flour to make the bread rise.
Добавьте дрожжи в муку, чтобы хлеб поднялся.
B1 adjective /ˈhoʊpləs/

Hopeless

безнадежный; отчаянный
Meaning
feeling or causing despair about something; without hope; desperate
Example
The situation seemed hopeless until help arrived.
Ситуация казалась безнадежной, пока не пришла помощь.
B1 adjective /ˈdefɪnət/

Definite

определённый; ясный; специфический
Meaning
clearly stated or decided; not vague or uncertain; specific
Example
We need a definite answer by tomorrow.
Нам нужен окончательный ответ к завтрашнему дню.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈstɛnjueɪtɪŋ/

extenuating

смягчающий
Meaning
serving to make a fault or an offense seem less serious
Example
She asked for leniency due to extenuating circumstances.
Она попросила снисхождения из-за смягчающих обстоятельств.
B2 verb ˈmɪnɪmaɪz

minimize

минимизировать
Meaning
Reduce (something, especially something unwanted or unpleasant) to the smallest possible amount or degree.
Example
Efforts should be made to minimize plastic usage.
Необходимо принять меры по минимизации использования пластика.
B2 noun/verb /stʌmp/

stump

пень дерева, озадачить
Meaning
the base of a tree left after the trunk is cut down; to puzzle or confuse
Example
The question completely stumped the students.
Этот вопрос совершенно озадачил студентов.
B2 noun /stɑːˈveɪ.ʃən/

Starvation

голод
Meaning
suffering or death caused by lack of food; extreme hunger
Example
Many people died of starvation during the famine.
Многие люди погибли от голода во время голодомора.
A1 adjective /ˈwelkəm/

Welcome

добро пожаловать
Meaning
received with pleasure; giving pleasure; allowed or invited
Example
You are always welcome in our home.
Вы всегда приветствуете в нашем доме.
B2 noun /djʊˈreɪʃən/

duration

продолжительность
Meaning
the length of time that something continues
Example
The meeting lasted for the duration of two hours.
Совещание длилось два часа.
B2 adjective ˌpaɪəˈnɪə.rɪŋ

pioneering

первопроходец
Meaning
Involving new ideas or methods; innovative and original.
Example
Pioneering efforts often lead to success.
Пионерские усилия часто приводят к успеху.
A2 adjective /smɑːrt/

Smart

умный; остроумный; хорошо одетый; стильный
Meaning
intelligent; quick-witted; well-dressed; stylish
Example
She made a smart decision to invest in technology stocks.
Она приняла умное решение инвестировать в технологические акции.
C2 noun /ˈæl.kə.laɪ ækt/

Alkali Act

Акт об алкалиях
Meaning
A British law passed in 1863 to regulate the emission of hydrochloric acid gas from alkali works, representing one of the first pieces of environmental legislation.
Example
The Alkali Act of 1863 was one of the first environmental laws.
Акт об алкалиях 1863 года был одним из первых экологических законов.
B2 noun /ɪˈfɛktɪvnəs/

effectiveness

эффективность
Meaning
the degree to which something is successful in producing a desired result.
Example
The effectiveness of the new policy is still being evaluated.
Эффективность новой политики все еще оценивается.
C1 verb /ˈpærəlaɪz/

paralyze

парализовать
Meaning
to cause someone or something to lose the ability to move or function normally
Example
The sudden shock seemed to paralyze him.
Неожиданный шок, казалось, парализовал его.
C1 noun dɪˌzɝː.t̬ə.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

desertification

опустынивание
Meaning
The process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture.
Example
Deforestation accelerates desertification.
Вырубка лесов ускоряет опустынивание.
C1 noun /kənˈkʌrəns/

concurrence

согласие
Meaning
Agreement or union in action, opinion, or occurrence; simultaneous happening of events.
Example
The project was completed with the concurrence of all departments.
Проект был завершён с согласия всех отделов.
C2 noun /ˌsɪŋ.krəˈnɪs.ɪ.ti/

synchronicity

синхроничность
Meaning
The meaningful coincidence of two or more events that are not planned.
Example
The synchronicity of their thoughts amazed everyone.
Синхроничность их мыслей удивила всех.
A2 noun /ˈketʃ.ʌp/

Ketch-up

томатный соус
Meaning
a thick sauce made chiefly from tomatoes, vinegar, and spices
Example
She squeezed some ketchup on her french fries before eating them.
Она выжала немного кетчупа на свои картошки фри перед тем, как их съесть.
C1 noun /ˈɡræv.ɪ.tæs/

gravitas

гравитация
Meaning
Dignity, seriousness, or solemnity of manner or speech.
Example
The judge spoke with great gravitas.
Судья говорил с большой гравитас.
C2 noun /ˈɒnwiː/ or /ˈɑːnwiː/

ennui

тоска
Meaning
A feeling of boredom, listlessness, or dissatisfaction arising from lack of excitement.
Example
After weeks of doing nothing, he sank into a deep sense of ennui.
После недель без дела, он погрузился в глубокую тоску.
C1 noun /ˈwiː.vər/

Weaver

ткач
Meaning
a person who makes cloth by interlacing threads on a loom
Example
The skilled weaver created intricate patterns on the silk fabric.
Опытный ткач создал сложные узоры на шелковой ткани.
C1 noun /ˈpɔː.pəs/

Porpoise

моржовый дельфин
Meaning
a small toothed whale with a low triangular dorsal fin and a blunt rounded snout
Example
The porpoise jumped gracefully out of the water.
Моржовый дельфин грациозно выпрыгнул из воды.
B2 verb /prəˈvoʊk/

provoke

провоцировать
Meaning
To cause someone to become angry or to cause a reaction.
Example
His words provoked a heated argument.
Его слова спровоцировали бурную дискуссию.
C1 noun /kənˈtɛndər/

contender

конкурент, претендент
Meaning
a person or team competing for a title or prize
Example
She is a strong contender for the mayoral position.
Она сильный претендент на пост мэра.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɛp(ə)rəbəl/

inseparable

неразлучный
Meaning
Unable to be separated or always together.
Example
The two friends have been inseparable since childhood.
Эти два друга неразлучны с детства.
C1 verb /prəˈfes/

profess

заявлять
Meaning
to declare or claim openly; to state one's belief
Example
He professes his love for classical music.
Он заявляет о своей любви к классической музыке.
A2 noun /sɔːlt/

Salt

соль
Meaning
white crystalline substance used for seasoning food; sodium chloride
Example
Please add some salt to the soup to enhance its flavor.
Пожалуйста, добавьте немного соли в суп, чтобы улучшить его вкус.
B2 verb /ɪɡˈzædʒəˌreɪt/

exaggerate

преувеличивать
Meaning
to describe something as better, worse, or more important than it really is
Example
He tends to exaggerate his achievements.
Он склонен преувеличивать свои достижения.
C2 noun /kənˌɡlɒməˈreɪʃən/

conglomeration

конгломерат
Meaning
A collection or mixture of different things grouped together.
Example
The market is a conglomeration of small shops and food stalls.
Рынок — это конгломерат маленьких магазинов и продовольственных лавок.
C1 adjective /ˈdɪn.dʒi/

Dingy

грязный и мрачный; тусклый по цвету
Meaning
dark and dirty; gloomy; dull in color
Example
The old building had dingy walls that needed painting.
Старое здание имело грязные стены, которые нужно было покрасить.
A2 noun /ˈket.əl/

Kettle

чайник
Meaning
a container used for boiling water, typically with a lid, spout, and handle
Example
The electric kettle whistled when the water reached boiling point.
Электрический чайник засвистел, когда вода достигла точки кипения.
C2 noun /ˈkriːdoʊ/

credo

кредо
Meaning
A statement of the beliefs or aims that guide someone's actions.
Example
Honesty has always been the central credo of his life.
Честность всегда была центральным кредо его жизни.
B2 noun wɪnd ˈen.ə.dʒi

wind energy

ветровая энергия
Meaning
Energy generated from wind using wind turbines to convert kinetic energy into electrical power.
Example
Wind energy is harnessed in Masdar City.
Ветровая энергия используется в Масдар-Сити.
C1 verb /ɪnˈkrəʊtʃ/

encroach

счастье
Meaning
to gradually take over or intrude on someone’s rights, territory, or space
Example
The buildings began to encroach on the protected forest land.
Она не смогла скрыть своего счастья, когда получила награду.
A1 adjective /ˈevri/

Every

каждый; все; без исключений
Meaning
each one; all; without exception
Example
Every student must complete their homework.
Каждый студент должен выполнить свою домашнюю работу.
A2 noun /faɪl/

File

напильник
Meaning
a tool with a rough surface for smoothing or shaping hard materials; a collection of papers or data
Example
He used a metal file to smooth the rough edges.
Он использовал металлическую пилу, чтобы сгладить грубые края.
C1 noun /ˈʃæpəroʊn/

chaperon

опекун
Meaning
An older person who accompanies and supervises young people in social situations.
Example
The teacher acted as a chaperon during the school dance.
Учитель был опекуном на школьном танце.
C2 noun /ˈveɪnɡlɔːri/

vainglory

тщеславие
Meaning
Excessive vanity or boastfulness about one's achievements.
Example
His speech was filled with vainglory and self-praise.
Его речь была наполнена тщеславием и самовосхвалением.
B2 verb /ˈtaɪtən/

Tighten

затянуть
Meaning
to make something more secure or less loose
Example
He tightened the screws to secure the shelf.
Он затянул винты, чтобы закрепить полку.
C1 adjective /ˈljʊərɪd/

lurid

шокирующий и сенсационный в яркой форме
Meaning
shocking or sensational in a vivid way, often involving crime or violence
Example
The newspaper published a lurid account of the crime.
Газета опубликовала шокирующий отчет о преступлении.
C1 adjective /ˈɡæl.ənt/

gallant

отважный, геройский
Meaning
Brave, heroic, or chivalrous.
Example
The gallant firefighter saved the child from the burning building.
Отважный пожарный спас ребенка из горящего здания.
B2 adjective /kəˈreɪdʒəs/

Courageous

смелый; бесстрашный; проявляющий мужество перед лицом опасности
Meaning
brave; fearless; showing courage in the face of danger
Example
The courageous firefighter rescued the family from the burning building.
Смелый пожарный спас семью из горящего здания.
C2 adjective /ɜːrˈbeɪn/

urbane

урбанистический
Meaning
showing polished manners, refinement, and sophistication
Example
He was an urbane gentleman who charmed everyone at the party.
Он был урбанистическим джентльменом, который очаровал всех на вечеринке.
B2 adjective /ˈhɑːrtˌbreɪkɪŋ/

Heartbreaking

сердцераздирающий; трагичный; душераздирающий
Meaning
causing overwhelming distress; very sad or disappointing
Example
The documentary showed heartbreaking scenes of children in poverty.
Документальный фильм показал душераздирающие сцены детей в бедности.
B1 noun /ˈlɪm.ɪt/

Limit

предел; ограничение
Meaning
a point or level beyond which something does not or may not extend or pass; the greatest amount allowed
Example
There is a speed limit on this road.
На этой дороге есть ограничение скорости.
B1 verb /sɪŋk/

sink

тонуть
Meaning
to go down below the surface; to descend
Example
The ship sinks in the deep ocean.
Корабль тонет в глубоком океане.
B2 adverb /sɪˈvɪərli/

severely

тяжело
Meaning
to a great degree; very seriously or harshly
Example
The patient was severely injured in the accident.
Пациент был тяжело ранен в аварии.
C1 verb /bruːd/

brood

размышлять тревожно
Meaning
to think deeply about something that makes one unhappy; also, a group of young birds hatched at the same time
Example
He sat alone, brooding over his failures.
Он сидел один, тревожно размышляя над своими неудачами.
C1 verb /vɪə(r)/

veer

резко изменить направление
Meaning
to change direction suddenly
Example
The car veered off the road to avoid the accident.
Машина свернула с дороги, чтобы избежать аварии.
A2 noun /miːl/

Meal

прием пищи
Meaning
food that is prepared and eaten at a specific time
Example
We enjoyed a delicious meal at the restaurant.
Мы насладились вкусной едой в ресторане.
C1 noun /ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəˌbɪləti/

unpredictability

непредсказуемость
Meaning
The quality of being impossible to predict or anticipate.
Example
The unpredictability of the weather made the trip uncertain.
Непредсказуемость погоды сделала путешествие неопределённым.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrˌrʌnər/

forerunner

предшественник
Meaning
A person or thing that comes before another; a predecessor or harbinger.
Example
The Wright brothers were the forerunners of modern aviation.
Братья Райт были предшественниками современной авиации.
B1 noun /sleɪv/

slave

раб
Meaning
a person who is the legal property of another and is forced to work for them
Example
The abolitionist movement fought for the rights of slaves.
Аборигенистское движение боролось за права рабов.