B1 adjective /ˈɡɪvən/

given

данный

Meaning

Specified or stated; already decided or certain.

Example

It is a given fact that hard work leads to success.

Это установленный факт, что усердная работа ведет к успеху.

B1 noun sɪvɪˈlɪzeɪʃənz

civilizations

цивилизации

Meaning

The stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced.

Example

Ancient civilizations developed complex systems of governance.

Древние цивилизации развили сложные системы управления.

B1 verb /kənˈkluːd/

conclude

завершить

Meaning

to bring to an end; to decide or determine after consideration

Example

We will conclude the meeting at five o'clock.

Мы завершим встречу в пять часов.

B1 noun /ˈklaɪ.mət/

climate

климат

Meaning

The weather conditions prevailing in an area in general.

Example

Climate change impacts all regions globally.

Изменение климата влияет на все регионы мира.

B1 verb /ɪkˈstend/

extend

продлить

Meaning

to make longer or larger; to stretch out; to offer or give

Example

The company decided to extend the deadline for the project.

Компания решила продлить срок проекта.

B1 noun roʊps

ropes

веревки

Meaning

A length of thick strong cord made by twisting together strands of hemp, sisal, nylon, or similar material.

Example

The ropes were tied securely to lift the heavy load.

Веревки были надежно привязаны, чтобы поднять тяжелую нагрузку.

B1 adjective /juːˈniːk/

Unique

уникальный; исключительный; редкий

Meaning

being the only one of its kind; unlike anything else

Example

Every snowflake is unique in its pattern.

Каждая снежинка уникальна в своем рисунке.

B1 noun /ˌkæl.kjəˈleɪ.ʃən/

Calculation

расчет

Meaning

a mathematical determination of the size or number of something

Example

His calculation of the total cost was accurate to the penny.

Его расчет общей стоимости был точен до последнего пенни.

B1 noun /ˈrʌbɪʃ/

Rubbish

мусор; бесполезные вещи; чепуха

Meaning

waste material; refuse or litter; nonsense or worthless things

Example

Please throw the rubbish in the bin.

Пожалуйста, выбросьте мусор в контейнер.

B1 noun /ˈmiːtər/

meter

метр

Meaning

A unit of length in the metric system equal to 100 centimeters; also, a device that measures quantity such as electricity or gas.

Example

The technician came to check the electricity meter.

Техник пришел проверять электрический счетчик.

B1 noun /ˈref.ər.əns/

Reference

ссылка

Meaning

the action of mentioning or alluding to something; a source of information

Example

Please provide references to support your research claims.

Пожалуйста, предоставьте ссылки для поддержки ваших исследовательских утверждений.

B1 adjective /ˈnɔːðərn/

northern

северный

Meaning

relating to the north or situated in the north

Example

The northern part of the country is known for its cold climate.

Северная часть страны известна своим холодным климатом.

B1 adjective /əˈbiː.di.ənt/

Obedient

послушный

Meaning

willing to comply with orders or instructions; submissive

Example

The obedient student always follows the teacher's instructions.

Послушный ученик всегда следует указаниям учителя.

B1 adjective /fɒnd/

fond

любящий

Meaning

having a strong liking or affection for something or someone

Example

She is fond of painting and spends hours in front of her canvas.

Она любит живопись и проводит часы перед своим холстом.

B1 noun /ˈmɛtəl/

metal

металл

Meaning

A solid material that is typically hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, and conductive, such as iron, gold, or aluminum.

Example

The ring was made of precious metal.

Кольцо было сделано из драгоценного металла.

B1 adjective /ˌel.ɪˈmen.tər.i/

Elementary

основной; элементарный

Meaning

basic; fundamental; primary level

Example

He learned elementary mathematics in school.

Он учил элементарную математику в школе.

B1 noun /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/ or /ˌɛkəˈnɒmɪks/

economics

экономика

Meaning

The study of production, consumption, and transfer of wealth.

Example

He is studying economics at university.

Он изучает экономику в университете.

B1 verb, adjective /spɛnt/

spent

потраченный, исчерпанный

Meaning

Past tense and past participle of 'spend'; also used as an adjective meaning exhausted or used up.

Example

She spent all her energy preparing for the exam.

Она потратила всю свою энергию на подготовку к экзамену.

B1 noun, adjective, verb /tɛns/

tense

напряжение / грамматическое время

Meaning

a grammatical category showing time reference; stretched tight or anxious

Example

She felt tense before the interview.

Она чувствовала напряжение перед интервью.

B1 noun/verb /skɔːr/

score

оценка

Meaning

a number of points achieved in a game or test; to gain points or achieve a goal

Example

He scored the winning goal in the final match.

Он забил победный гол в последнем матче.

B1 noun /ˈsʌb.mə.riːn/

Sub-marine

подводная лодка

Meaning

a warship with a streamlined hull designed to operate completely submerged in the sea

Example

The submarine dived deep into the ocean to avoid detection.

Субмарина нырнула глубоко в океан, чтобы избежать обнаружения.

B1 noun /skɑːrf/

Scarf

шарф

Meaning

a length of fabric worn around the neck or head for warmth, protection, or fashion

Example

She wrapped a warm scarf around her neck in the cold weather.

Она обмотала шею теплым шарфом в холодную погоду.

B1 adjective /ˈsɛpəreɪtɪd/

separated

разделенный

Meaning

divided or disconnected from something else; not together

Example

They have been living in separated houses since the divorce.

С момента развода они живут в отдельных домах.

B1 verb kleɪmz

claims

забирать жизни

Meaning

To take someone's life, to cause death

Example

Workplace pollution claims thousands of lives annually.

Загрязнение на рабочих местах уносит тысячи жизней ежегодно.

B1 noun /θʌm/

Thumb

большой палец

Meaning

the short thick finger of the human hand

Example

She gave me a thumbs up to show her approval.

Она показала мне большой палец вверх, чтобы выразить одобрение.

B1 noun ˈtʊə.nə.mənt

tournament

турнир

Meaning

A series of contests between a number of competitors, competing for an overall prize.

Example

The tournament showcased exceptional talent.

Турнир продемонстрировал исключительный талант.

B1 verb /kənˈfɜːrm/

confirm

подтверждать

Meaning

to establish the truth, accuracy, or validity of something

Example

The hotel will confirm your reservation by email.

Отель подтвердит ваш заказ по электронной почте.

B1 adjective /ˈmen.təl/

Mental

психический

Meaning

relating to the mind; intellectual; psychological

Example

She has strong mental health and resilience.

У неё крепкое психическое здоровье и стойкость.

B1 adjective /ˈlaɪv.li/

Lively

жизненный; живой; веселый

Meaning

full of life and energy; animated; cheerful

Example

The children had a lively discussion about their favorite books.

Дети провели живое обсуждение о своих любимых книгах.

B1 noun /ˈkɔːrɪdɔːr/

corridor

длинный проход, ведущий в различные комнаты

Meaning

a long passage in a building from which doors lead into rooms

Example

The students waited quietly in the corridor.

Студенты тихо ждали в коридоре.

B1 verb /əˈtætʃ/

attach

прикрепить

Meaning

to join or fasten something to another thing

Example

Please attach the document to the email before sending.

Пожалуйста, прикрепите документ к письму перед отправкой.

B1 noun /ɪkˈspreʃ.ən/

Expression

выражение; проявление;

Meaning

the act of making thoughts or feelings known; a look on someone's face

Example

The artist's painting was a beautiful expression of her inner emotions.

Картина художника была красивым выражением его внутренних эмоций.

B1 verb /ˈwɪsəl/

whistle

свистеть

Meaning

to make a high-pitched sound by blowing air through lips or teeth

Example

He likes to whistle while working.

Ему нравится свистеть, работая.

B1 adverb /ˈpɜːfɪktli/

perfectly

идеально

Meaning

in a perfect manner; without flaws

Example

She performed the task perfectly.

Она выполнила задачу идеально.

B1 noun /ˈkaʊnti/

county

округ

Meaning

A territorial division within a country, typically a region with its own local government.

Example

She grew up in a small county in northern England.

Она выросла в маленьком округе на севере Англии.

B1 adverb /rɪˈpiː.tɪd.li/

Repeatedly

повторно; многократно

Meaning

again and again; many times over

Example

He repeatedly asked for help with his homework.

Он многократно просил помощи с домашним заданием.

B1 adjective ʌnˈplænd

unplanned

незапланированный

Meaning

Not planned or arranged in advance; happening spontaneously without preparation.

Example

Unplanned urbanization contributes to environmental issues.

Незапланированная урбанизация способствует экологическим проблемам.

B1 noun /læd/

lad

парень

Meaning

a boy or young man; a male youth

Example

The young lad helped his father in the shop.

Молодой парень помогал своему отцу в магазине.

B1 noun /bæŋ/

Bang

внезапный громкий звук; сильный удар или удар

Meaning

a sudden loud noise; a hard blow or hit

Example

The door closed with a loud bang that woke everyone up.

Дверь захлопнулась с громким звуком, разбудив всех.

B1 noun /prɪnt/

Print

печатание; след; отпечаток;

Meaning

words, letters, or pictures produced on paper using a machine; a mark made by pressing something onto a surface

Example

The book is available in both digital and print versions.

Книга доступна как в цифровой, так и в печатной версии.

B1 noun freɪzɪz

phrases

фразы

Meaning

A small group of words standing together as a conceptual unit, typically forming a component of a clause.

Example

Learn common phrases for daily use.

Изучайте распространенные фразы для повседневного использования.

B1 noun /ˈpælɪs/

palace

дворец

Meaning

a large and impressive building that is the official home of a king, queen, or other ruler

Example

The royal family lives in a magnificent palace.

Королевская семья живет в великолепном дворце.

B1 adjective /pərˈtɪk.jʊ.lər/

particular

особенный

Meaning

specific or special; distinct from others

Example

He is very particular about his diet.

Он очень требователен к своей диете.

B1 verb /ɡræb/

grab

схватить

Meaning

To seize something quickly and firmly.

Example

He tried to grab the ball before it rolled away.

Он попытался схватить мяч, прежде чем он покатится.

B1 noun ˈklaɪ.mət tʃeɪndʒ

climate change

изменение климата

Meaning

A change in global or regional climate patterns, attributed largely to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.

Example

Climate change is causing more natural disasters.

Изменение климата вызывает больше природных катастроф.

B1 preposition /ˈvɜːsəs/

versus

против

Meaning

against (in a competition or conflict)

Example

The team is playing versus their biggest rivals.

Команда играет против своих крупнейших соперников.

B1 noun ˈiːˌkɒm.ɜːrs

e-commerce

электронная коммерция

Meaning

The process of buying and selling goods or services through the internet.

Example

E-commerce has revolutionized the way people shop.

Электронная коммерция революционизировала способы покупок людей.

B1 adverb /ˈkloʊsli/

closely

счастье

Meaning

in a way that is very near in space, time, or relationship; carefully and attentively

Example

The detective examined the evidence closely.

Она не могла скрыть своего счастья, когда получила награду.

B1 adjective, adverb /ˈoʊvərɔːl/

overall

в целом

Meaning

in general or as a whole

Example

Overall, the project has been successful.

В целом, проект был успешным.

B1 noun /rɪst/

Wrist

запястье

Meaning

the joint connecting the hand with the forearm

Example

He wore a watch on his wrist.

Он носил часы на запястье.

B1 adjective /ˈhɑːrmfəl/

Harmful

вредный

Meaning

causing or likely to cause harm; damaging

Example

Smoking is harmful to your health.

Курение вредно для вашего здоровья.

B1 noun /ˈdɛv.əl/

devil

дьявол

Meaning

An evil spirit or supernatural being often regarded as the embodiment of wickedness and harm.

Example

The story warned children about making deals with the devil.

История предупреждала детей о том, чтобы они не заключали сделки с дьяволом.

B1 noun /loʊn/

Loan

кредит

Meaning

a thing that is borrowed, especially a sum of money that is expected to be paid back with interest

Example

He took a loan to buy a new car.

Он взял кредит, чтобы купить новый автомобиль.

B1 adjective /ˌækəˈdɛmɪk/

academic

академический

Meaning

related to education, learning, or scholarly activities

Example

She has an outstanding academic record.

У нее выдающиеся академические достижения.

B1 noun ˈliː.də.ʃɪp

leadership

лидерство

Meaning

The action of leading a group of people or an organization.

Example

Leadership is crucial for institutional success.

Лидерство крайне важно для институционального успеха.

B1 noun /dɪˈpɑː.tʃər/

Departure

отправление

Meaning

the action of leaving, especially to start a journey; a deviation from an established course

Example

The departure of the train was delayed by thirty minutes due to technical issues.

Отправление поезда было задержано на тридцать минут из-за технических проблем.

B1 adjective /ˌɪmpəˈlaɪt/

impolite

невежливый

Meaning

Not showing good manners; rude.

Example

It is impolite to interrupt someone while they are speaking.

Невежливо перебивать кого-то, когда он говорит.

B1 noun /ɪkˈspres treɪn/

Express Train

экспресс поезд

Meaning

a fast train that travels between major stations with few or no intermediate stops

Example

The express train reached the destination in half the usual time.

Экспресс достиг конечной станции в половину обычного времени.

B1 noun /ˈmɑː.kɪ.tɪŋ/

Marketing

маркетинг, реклама, продвижение

Meaning

The activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large.

Example

Digital marketing has transformed business strategies.

Цифровой маркетинг изменил бизнес-стратегии.

B1 noun /ˈfæn.si/

Fancy

влечение; воображение или фантазия

Meaning

a feeling of liking or wanting something; imagination or fantasy

Example

The child had a fancy for becoming a famous astronaut when he grew up.

У ребенка было желание стать известным астронавтом, когда он вырастет.

B1 noun prɪˈven.ʃən

prevention

профилактика

Meaning

The action of stopping something from happening or arising.

Example

Prevention of fascism ensures democracy.

Предотвращение фашизма обеспечивает демократию.

B1 adverb /ˈtɛrəbli/

terribly

ужасно

Meaning

to a very great or extreme degree; very badly or unpleasantly

Example

He felt terribly sad after hearing the news.

Он чувствовал себя ужасно грустным после того, как услышал новость.

B1 adjective /ˈkɒmplɪˌkeɪtɪd/

complicated

сложный

Meaning

consisting of many interconnected parts; difficult to understand

Example

The instructions for the machine are too complicated to follow.

Инструкции к машине слишком сложные, чтобы их выполнить.

B1 noun ˈkɒnsept

concept

концепция

Meaning

An abstract idea or general notion

Example

The concept of chasing two rabbits teaches focus.

Концепция преследования двух кроликов учит фокусу.

B1 noun /tuːn/

Tune

мелодия; музыкальное произведение; правильная музыкальная нота

Meaning

a melody or musical composition; correct musical pitch

Example

She hummed a beautiful tune while working in the garden.

Она напевала красивую мелодию, работая в саду.

B1 adjective /strɪkt/

Strict

строгий; требующий точного соблюдения правил

Meaning

demanding exact conformity to rules; severe; rigorous

Example

The teacher is very strict about homework deadlines.

Учитель очень строгий относительно сроков сдачи домашних заданий.

B1 noun ədˈvɛnʧər ˈsiːkərz

Adventure Seekers

искатели приключений

Meaning

People who actively look for exciting and potentially risky activities or experiences.

Example

Sajek Valley is a popular destination for adventure seekers.

Долина Саджек - популярное место для искателей приключений.

B1 adjective ɪnˈdʌs.tri.əl

industrial

промышленный

Meaning

Relating to or characterized by industry.

Example

Industrial sectors boost exports.

Промышленные секторы увеличивают экспорт.

B1 noun tɪk mɑːrk

tick mark

галочка

Meaning

A mark (✓) used to indicate that something is correct or has been chosen, checked, or dealt with.

Example

I put a tick mark on all the completed tasks.

Я поставил галочку на всех завершенных задачах.

B1 adjective /ˈkæʒ.u.əl/

Casual

расслабленный и беззаботный; случайный; неформальный

Meaning

relaxed and unconcerned; happening by chance; informal

Example

He wore casual clothes to the party.

Он носил повседневную одежду на вечеринку.

B1 noun ˈdɪdʒ.ɪ.təl tuːlz

digital tools

цифровые инструменты

Meaning

Electronic software and applications used for learning and educational purposes.

Example

Schools are integrating digital tools to enhance learning.

Школы интегрируют цифровые инструменты для улучшения обучения.

B1 adjective ˈsteɪbl

stable

стабильный

Meaning

Not likely to change or fail; firmly established.

Example

Strong nuclear force keeps the nucleus stable.

Сильная ядерная сила удерживает ядро стабильным.

B1 adjective /ɪˈsɛnʃəl/

essential

необходимый

Meaning

Absolutely necessary; extremely important.

Example

Water is essential for life.

Вода необходима для жизни.

B1 noun /ˈmʌs.əl/

Muscle

мышца

Meaning

a body tissue consisting of fibers that can contract to produce movement

Example

Regular exercise helps strengthen your muscle.

Регулярные тренировки помогают укрепить вашу мышцу.

B1 adverb /ˈθæŋkfəli/

thankfully

к счастью

Meaning

used to express relief or gratitude

Example

Thankfully, she arrived just in time for the meeting.

К счастью, она приехала как раз вовремя для встречи.

B1 adjective /ˌen.əˈdʒet.ɪk/

Energetic

энергичный; активный; полный энергии

Meaning

having or showing great activity; vigorous; full of energy

Example

She is very energetic and loves outdoor activities.

Она очень энергичная и любит активные виды отдыха.

B1 noun /ˈreɪn.boʊ/

Rainbow

радуга

Meaning

an arch of colors formed in the sky by sunlight shining through rain

Example

After the storm, a beautiful rainbow appeared in the sky.

После шторма в небе появилась прекрасная радуга.

B1 noun /tæks/

tax

налог

Meaning

a compulsory contribution to state revenue, typically levied on income or sales

Example

The government increased the tax rate on luxury goods.

Правительство увеличило налоговую ставку на предметы роскоши.

B1 noun /ˈpɔɪ.zən/

Poison

яд

Meaning

a substance that is capable of causing death or illness

Example

The snake's bite contains deadly poison.

Укус змеи содержит смертельный яд.

B1 noun /laɪt ˈkʌlər/

Light Colour

светлый цвет

Meaning

a pale or bright shade of any color

Example

The walls were painted in light colours to make the room look bigger.

Стены были покрашены в светлые цвета, чтобы сделать комнату визуально больше.

B1 adjective /ˈθæŋk.fəl/

Thankful

благодарный

Meaning

pleased and relieved; expressing gratitude; appreciative

Example

I am thankful for all your help and support.

Я благодарен за всю твою помощь и поддержку.

B1 adjective rɪˈlaɪ.ə.bəl

reliable

надежный

Meaning

Consistently good in quality or performance; able to be trusted.

Example

Reliable systems ensure efficiency.

Надежные системы обеспечивают эффективность.

B1 noun /roʊp/

rope

веревка

Meaning

a strong, thick cord made of twisted fibers or strands

Example

The climbers used a rope to scale the mountain.

Скалолазы использовали веревку для подъема на гору.

B1 adverb /ˈniːtli/

Neatly

аккуратно; чисто

Meaning

in a tidy and orderly way; carefully and precisely

Example

She arranged the books neatly on the shelf.

Она аккуратно разместила книги на полке.

B1 noun/verb /skeɪl/

scale

масштаб / увеличение размера

Meaning

A system of ordered marks used for measurement; also means to climb or to adjust in size.

Example

The company plans to scale its operations globally.

Компания планирует расширить свои операции на глобальном уровне.

B1 noun /ˌrep.rɪˈzen.tə.tɪv/

representative

представитель

Meaning

A person chosen or appointed to act or speak for another or others.

Example

The representative addressed critical issues.

Представитель обсудил важные вопросы.

B1 noun /ˈrʌnər/

runner

счастье

Meaning

a person who runs, especially in races or for exercise

Example

The runner crossed the finish line with a big smile.

Она не могла скрыть своего счастья, когда получила награду.

B1 adjective ɪˈməʊʃənl

emotional

эмоциональный

Meaning

Having feelings that are easily excited and openly displayed.

Example

Visiting the burial site made him emotional.

Посещение места захоронения сделало его эмоциональным.

B1 verb /spred/

spread

распространять

Meaning

to extend over a larger area; to distribute; to apply

Example

The news spread quickly through the town.

Новости быстро распространились по городу.

B1 noun /ˈɛlɪmənt/

element

элемент

Meaning

A basic or essential part of something; a simple substance that cannot be broken down further.

Example

Trust is a key element of any strong relationship.

Доверие - ключевой элемент любых крепких отношений.

B1 noun /ˈɑː.lɪv/

Olive

олива

Meaning

a small oval fruit with a hard pit, typically green or black, used for eating or making oil

Example

Olive oil is considered one of the healthiest cooking oils available.

Оливковое масло считается одним из самых полезных для здоровья масел для готовки.

B1 noun /ˈhaʊshoʊld/

household

домохозяйство

Meaning

All the people living together in one house, considered as a unit.

Example

There are five people in our household.

В нашем домохозяйстве пять человек.

B1 noun /bend/

Bend

поворот; изгиб

Meaning

a curved or angled part of something; a turning point in a road or river

Example

There is a sharp bend in the river ahead.

Впереди на реке резкий поворот.

B1 adjective /ˈliː.dɪŋ/

Leading

ведущий; лидер; самый важный

Meaning

foremost; principal; most important; guiding

Example

She is a leading expert in environmental science.

Она ведущий эксперт в области экологии.

B1 verb səˈpɔːrtɪŋ

supporting

поддерживать

Meaning

Giving assistance to; helping to bear the weight of something.

Example

Supporting education initiatives helps reduce child labour.

Поддержка образовательных инициатив помогает сократить детский труд.

B1 noun /ˈkæt.ər.pɪl.ər/

Caterpillar

гусеница

Meaning

the larva of a butterfly or moth that feeds on plants

Example

The caterpillar ate all the leaves on the plant.

Гусеница съела все листья растения.

B1 noun /əˈpiːl/

Appeal

апелляция; запрос; привлекательность

Meaning

a serious or urgent request, typically to the public; the quality of being attractive or interesting

Example

The charity made an appeal for donations.

Благотворительная организация сделала апелляцию о пожертвованиях.

B1 adjective /ʌnˈnesəseri/

Unnecessary

ненужный; излишний

Meaning

not needed; not required; pointless

Example

The meeting was unnecessary since all decisions were already made.

Встреча была ненужной, так как все решения уже были приняты.

B1 noun /ˈplæt.fɔːm/

platform

платформа

Meaning

A raised level surface on which people or things can stand.

Example

The platform was used to discuss collaboration.

Платформа использовалась для обсуждения сотрудничества.

B1 noun /ˈreɪn.dɪər/

Reindeer

северный олень

Meaning

a large deer with branched horns that lives in cold northern areas

Example

Santa's reindeer pulled his sleigh across the sky.

Рождественский олень Санты вез его сани по небу.

B1 adjective /ˈkoʊzi/

cozy

уютный

Meaning

giving a feeling of comfort, warmth, and relaxation

Example

We sat in a cozy little café on a rainy day.

Мы сидели в уютном маленьком кафе в дождливый день.

B1 adjective /ˈpʌŋk.tʃu.əl/

Punctual

пунктуальный

Meaning

on time; prompt;

Example

She is always punctual for meetings.

Она всегда пунктуальна на совещаниях.

B1 adjective /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

United

объединённый; совместный; согласный

Meaning

joined together for a common purpose; in agreement

Example

The team was united in their goal to win.

Команда была объединена в своей цели победить.

B1 noun /ˈhæŋ.kər.tʃɪf/

Handkerchief

платок

Meaning

a small piece of cloth used for wiping the nose or face

Example

She always carries a clean handkerchief in her purse.

Она всегда носит чистый платок в своей сумочке.

B1 verb /ˈfɛri/

ferry

перевозить на пароме

Meaning

to transport by boat; to carry back and forth

Example

The boat ferried passengers across the river.

Лодка перевезла пассажиров через реку.

B1 noun/adjective /ˈstændɪŋ/

standing

положение / репутация

Meaning

status, reputation, or position; also the act of being upright on the feet

Example

He has high standing in the community for his charity work.

У него высокий статус в обществе за его благотворительную работу.

B1 adverb /ˈhaɪli/

highly

высоко

Meaning

to a great degree; very

Example

She is highly respected in her field.

Она высоко уважает в своей области.

B1 noun ˈfæmɪli triː

Family Tree

Семейное древо

Meaning

A diagram showing the relationships between people in several generations of a family.

Example

Creating a family tree helps understand family history.

Создание семейного древа помогает понять семейную историю.

B1 noun, verb /ˈlaɪsəns/

license

лицензия / разрешение

Meaning

A legal permission to do something (noun); to grant such permission (verb).

Example

You must have a driving license to operate a car legally.

Для того чтобы легально управлять автомобилем, у вас должен быть водительский лиценз.

B1 noun /ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp/

citizenship

гражданство

Meaning

the status of being a recognized member of a state or country, with rights and duties

Example

He applied for American citizenship after living there for ten years.

Он подал заявление на американское гражданство после того, как прожил там десять лет.

B1 noun /ˈfɛloʊ/

fellow

товарищ

Meaning

a person who shares a common situation, interest, or activity with another

Example

He is a fellow student in my class.

Он мой товарищ по классу.

B1 noun ɔːˈθɒrəti

authority

авторитет

Meaning

The power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience; a person or organization having power or control.

Example

Regional authority was emphasized.

Региональный авторитет был подчеркнут.

выделить

Meaning

to emphasize or make something stand out

Example

The teacher highlighted the most important points in the text.

Учитель выделил самые важные моменты в тексте.