factitious
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C2 adjective /fækˈtɪʃəs/

factitious

искусственный, не подлинный
Meaning
artificial or fabricated; not natural or genuine
Example
The excitement in his story seemed factitious and forced.
Эмоции в его истории казались искусственными и натянутыми.
C1 noun /ˈwɔːtəʃɛd/

watershed

водораздел, ключевой момент
Meaning
An event or period marking a turning point in a situation; also refers to a ridge dividing two drainage areas.
Example
The independence movement was a watershed in the nation's history.
Движение за независимость было водоразделом в истории нации.
C1 verb /vaʊtʃ/

vouch

поручиться
Meaning
to confirm or assert the truth or reliability of something
Example
I can vouch for his honesty.
Я могу поручиться за его честность.
C2 adjective /ˈθʌroʊˌɡoʊɪŋ/

thoroughgoing

полный, абсолютный
Meaning
carried out to the full extent; absolute and complete
Example
She is a thoroughgoing professional in every sense.
Она абсолютно профессионал во всех отношениях.
B2 noun /vaɪˈbreɪ.ʃən/

Vibration

вибрация
Meaning
a rapid back and forth movement; oscillation
Example
The phone's vibration woke me up.
Вибрация телефона разбудила меня.
A2 adverb /ˈrɑː.ðər/

Rather

скорее; вместо;
Meaning
to some extent; instead; preferably
Example
I would rather stay home than go to the party.
Я бы предпочел остаться дома, чем пойти на вечеринку.
B2 noun /ˈkʊriər/

courier

курьер
Meaning
a person or company that delivers messages, packages, or mail
Example
The courier delivered the documents on time.
Курьер доставил документы вовремя.
C2 noun/adjective /prɪˈsɪpɪtənt/

precipitant

преципитант
Meaning
As a noun: a substance that causes a substance to be deposited from a solution; as an adjective: acting hastily or impulsively.
Example
The chemist added a precipitant to the solution to observe the reaction.
Химик добавил преципитант в раствор, чтобы наблюдать реакцию.
B2 verb /rɪˈfaɪn/

refine

утончать
Meaning
to improve by making small changes; to purify
Example
The chef refines the recipe to perfection.
Шеф уточняет рецепт до совершенства.
C2 noun /ˈpʌlkrɪˌtjuːd/

pulchritude

красота
Meaning
physical beauty
Example
The actress was admired for her pulchritude as well as her talent.
Актриса была восхищена своей красотой и талантом.
C2 adjective /ˈvæpɪd/

vapid

тоскливый
Meaning
lacking liveliness, flavor, or interest; dull and uninspired
Example
The lecture was so vapid that half the audience fell asleep.
Лекция была такой тоскливой, что половина аудитории заснула.
C2 noun /məˈnɪʃən/

monition

предостережение
Meaning
A warning or caution, often of a religious or moral nature.
Example
The priest gave a monition against dishonesty.
Священник дал предостережение против нечестности.
C1 noun /krʌˈsteɪʃən/

crustacean

водное существо с жесткой оболочкой
Meaning
an aquatic animal with a hard shell, such as crabs, lobsters, and shrimps
Example
Crabs and lobsters are well-known crustaceans.
Крабы и омары хорошо известны среди ракообразных.
B2 adjective /kəmˈpærətɪv/

Comparative

сравнительный
Meaning
involving comparison between two or more things; relative
Example
The study showed comparative results between different teaching methods.
Исследование показало сравнительные результаты между различными методами обучения.
B2 noun /ˈmæt.rəs/

Mattress

матрас
Meaning
a large rectangular pad for supporting the reclining body, used as or on a bed
Example
We bought a new mattress for our bedroom.
Мы купили новый матрас для нашей спальни.
B1 noun /pɑrˈtɪs.ə.pənt/

Participant

участник
Meaning
a person who takes part in something; someone who participates in an activity or event
Example
Every participant in the marathon received a medal.
Каждый участник марафона получил медаль.
C1 noun ˌɪrɪˈvɜːrsəbl ˈdæmɪdʒ

irreversible damage

необратимый ущерб
Meaning
Harm or injury that cannot be undone or repaired.
Example
Climate change causes irreversible damage to ecosystems.
Изменение климата вызывает необратимый ущерб экосистемам.
B2 noun /ˈeɪlmənt/

ailment

недуг
Meaning
An illness, typically a minor one.
Example
He went to the doctor for a minor stomach ailment.
Он пошел к врачу с легким заболеванием желудка.
C2 noun /ˈriːdʒənt/

regent

регент
Meaning
a person who rules in place of a monarch when the monarch is absent or too young
Example
The prince acted as regent until the king came of age.
Принц исполнял обязанности регента, пока король не стал совершеннолетним.
C1 adjective ˌbjʊə.rəˈkræt.ɪk

bureaucratic

бюрократический
Meaning
Involving or characterized by complex rules and procedures that can delay the achievement of goals.
Example
Bureaucratic red tape often delays project approvals.
Бюрократическая волокита часто задерживает утверждение проектов.
B1 noun məˈdʒɒrəti

majority

большинство
Meaning
The greater number; the larger part of something.
Example
The majority demanded their rights.
Большинство потребовало свои права.
C1 noun /ˈpɪnəkəl/

pinnacle

вершина
Meaning
the highest point or peak of something, especially of success or achievement
Example
Winning the Nobel Prize was the pinnacle of her career.
Победа в Нобелевской премии была вершиной её карьеры.
C1 verb /weɪv/

waive

счастье
Meaning
to refrain from insisting on or enforcing something, especially a right or claim
Example
She decided to waive her right to a lawyer.
Она не смогла скрыть своего счастья, когда получила награду.
C2 noun /ˈpɛd.ən.tri/

pedantry

чрезмерное внимание к мелким деталям или правилам
Meaning
Excessive concern with minor details or rules.
Example
His pedantry made the meeting unnecessarily long.
Его педантичность сделала встречу ненужно долгой.
C1 noun /ˈækəleɪd/

accolade

награда
Meaning
An award, honor, or expression of praise.
Example
She received an accolade for her outstanding performance.
Она получила награду за свои выдающиеся достижения.
B2 noun /ˈem.ər.əld/

Emerald

изумруд
Meaning
a bright green precious stone used in jewelry
Example
The emerald necklace sparkled in the sunlight.
Изумрудное ожерелье сверкало на солнце.
B1 noun ˌkriː.eɪˈtɪv.ɪ.ti

creativity

креативность
Meaning
The ability to use imagination to produce original ideas or to make something new or imaginative.
Example
His creativity was evident in his artwork.
Его креативность была очевидна в его искусстве.
A2 noun /spiːd/

Speed

скорость; темп
Meaning
the rate at which someone or something moves or operates
Example
The car reached a speed of 100 miles per hour.
Машина достигла скорости 100 миль в час.
C2 noun /səbˈmɜːrʒən/

submersion

погружение
Meaning
the state of being under water
Example
The submersion of the fields lasted for several days after the heavy rain.
Погружение полей продолжалось несколько дней после сильного дождя.
C1 noun /ˈbraɪ.dəl/

Bridle

уздечка; поводья
Meaning
the headgear used to control a horse, consisting of buckled straps and a bit
Example
The rider adjusted the horse's bridle before mounting for the race.
Наездник отрегулировал удила лошади перед тем, как сесть на неё для гонки.
C2 noun /briːtʃ/

breech

Задняя часть ствола оружия; положение ребенка в утробе, когда ягодицы или ноги выходят первыми при родах.
Meaning
The back part of a gun barrel; a position of a baby in the womb where the buttocks or feet come out first at birth.
Example
The rifle was loaded through the breech.
Винтовка была загружена через затвор.
C1 noun /oʊˈbɪt.ʃu.er.i/

Obituary

некролог
Meaning
a notice of someone's death published in a newspaper; biographical account of deceased person
Example
The newspaper published his obituary yesterday.
Газета опубликовала его некролог вчера.
C1 noun /pəˈraɪə/

pariah

пария
Meaning
An outcast; someone who is rejected by society or a social group.
Example
After the scandal, he became a social pariah.
После скандала он стал социальным парией.
A2 adverb /kəmˈpliːtli/

completely

полностью
Meaning
totally; in every way possible
Example
The room was completely silent.
Комната была полностью тихой.
B2 noun /ˈkreɪ.dəl/

Cradle

колыбель
Meaning
a small bed for a baby, especially one that rocks from side to side
Example
The baby sleeps peacefully in the cradle.
Ребенок мирно спит в колыбели.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈɑːrmd/

unarmed

безоружный
Meaning
Not equipped with or carrying weapons
Example
The police found the suspect unarmed during the search.
Полиция обнаружила, что подозреваемый был безоружен во время обыска.
A2 noun /ˈɛndɪŋ/

ending

конец
Meaning
the final part of something, such as a story, event, or period of time
Example
The movie had a surprising ending that no one expected.
Фильм имел неожиданный конец, которого никто не ожидал.
C2 noun /nəˈkrɒpəlɪs/

necropolis

некрополь
Meaning
a large ancient cemetery with elaborate tombs
Example
The archaeologists discovered artifacts in the necropolis of the ancient city.
Археологи обнаружили артефакты на некрополе древнего города.
C2 noun /troʊθ/

troth

обет, верность
Meaning
Faith or loyalty when pledged in a solemn agreement or vow, especially in marriage.
Example
He pledged his troth to her before the gathering.
Он пообещал свою верность ей перед собранием.
C2 noun /ˈɪntərˌveɪl/

intervale

низменная земля вдоль реки, обычно плодородная и ровная
Meaning
A low-lying tract of land along a river, usually fertile and flat.
Example
The farmers cultivated crops on the lush intervale by the river.
Фермеры выращивали урожай на плодородной низменной земле вдоль реки.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnəˈteɪnəbl/

unattainable

недостижимый
Meaning
impossible to achieve, reach, or accomplish
Example
For many, becoming a professional athlete remains an unattainable dream.
Для многих стать профессиональным спортсменом остается недостижимой мечтой.
C2 noun /ˈleɪ.ɪ.ti/

laity

миряне
Meaning
Ordinary members of a religious community who are not clergy.
Example
The church welcomed the laity to participate in the event.
Церковь приветствовала мирян, чтобы они участвовали в мероприятии.
C2 noun /ˈmaɪtər/

miter

митра
Meaning
a tall, pointed hat worn by bishops; also a type of joint made between two pieces of material
Example
The bishop placed the miter on his head during the ceremony.
Епископ надел митру на свою голову во время церемонии.
B2 noun ˈdɒmɪnəns

dominance

доминирование
Meaning
Power and influence over others; control or command.
Example
The dominance of Urdu was evident.
Доминирование урду было очевидно.
B2 adjective /suːˈpɜːrb/

superb

превосходный
Meaning
extremely good; excellent
Example
The hotel provided superb service during our stay.
Отель предоставил превосходное обслуживание во время нашего пребывания.
B2 adjective /ˌkɒst.ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/

cost-efficient

экономичный
Meaning
Achieving maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense.
Example
Cost-efficient solutions benefit industries.
Экономичные решения приносят пользу отраслям.
A2 noun /lɪp/

Lip

губа
Meaning
either of the two soft parts that form the edge of the mouth
Example
She applied lipstick to her lips before the party.
Она нанесла помаду на губы перед вечеринкой.
C1 verb /riˈɪtəreɪt/

reiterate

повторять
Meaning
To say something again or repeatedly for emphasis or clarity.
Example
The teacher reiterated the importance of honesty.
Учитель повторил важность честности.
B1 noun /ˈdʒɜːrnəlɪst/

journalist

журналист
Meaning
a person who writes news articles or reports for newspapers, magazines, or media
Example
The journalist covered the political event.
Журналист освещал политическое событие.
B2 noun /ˌdɪsəˈɡriːmənt/

disagreement

разногласие
Meaning
a failure to agree or a difference in opinion
Example
Their disagreement on the issue caused a delay in the project.
Их разногласия по этому вопросу вызвали задержку в проекте.
A2 verb /wɔːrm/

Warm

нагревать
Meaning
to make or become warm; to heat something gently
Example
The sun warms the earth during the day.
Солнце согревает Землю в течение дня.
A1 noun /ˈtiː.ʃɜːrt/

T-shirt

футболка
Meaning
a casual shirt with short sleeves and no collar
Example
She bought a new t-shirt for the summer vacation.
Она купила новую футболку для летних каникул.
C2 noun /kənˈtɔːrʃən/

contortion

искривленная или согнутая форма; действие, когда что-то изгибается или искажается
Meaning
a twisted or bent shape; the act of twisting out of the normal shape
Example
The gymnast's contortion amazed the audience.
Контортия гимнаста поразила зрителей.
C1 adjective /oʊˈbiːs/

obese

тучный
Meaning
Extremely overweight; having an excessive amount of body fat.
Example
The doctor advised the obese patient to adopt a healthier lifestyle.
Доктор посоветовал толстому пациенту вести более здоровый образ жизни.
C2 adjective /ˈnjuːbaɪl/

nubile

девушка
Meaning
of a young woman, sexually mature and suitable for marriage
Example
The village was celebrating the festival with its nubile maidens dancing.
Деревня праздновала фестиваль с ее девицами, танцующими.
C1 verb /ræsp/

rasp

говорить грубым голосом или скрежетать с грубым звуком
Meaning
to speak in a rough, harsh voice or to scrape with a coarse sound
Example
He rasped out a warning before collapsing.
Он расспел предупреждение перед тем как упасть.
C2 adjective /kəmˈpleɪzənt/

complaisant

слишком угодливый
Meaning
willing to please others or to accept what they do or say without protest
Example
He was too complaisant to refuse their demands.
Он был слишком угодлив, чтобы отказать в их требованиях.
C2 noun /ɛθˈnɒlədʒi/

ethnology

этнология
Meaning
the study of the characteristics of different peoples and the differences and relationships between them
Example
She specialized in ethnology to better understand cultural diversity.
Она специализировалась по этнологии, чтобы лучше понять культурное разнообразие.
C2 noun kənˌsep.tʃu.ə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

conceptualization

концептуализация
Meaning
The process of forming a concept or idea; the process of developing something in the mind.
Example
The conceptualization of renewable cities is groundbreaking.
Концептуализация возобновляемых городов является революционной.
B2 noun /ˈmɛr.meɪd/

Mermaid

русалка
Meaning
A mythical sea creature with the head and torso of a woman and the tail of a fish
Example
The little girl loved stories about mermaids living under the sea.
Маленькая девочка любила истории о русалках, которые жили под водой.
B1 adjective dɪˈleɪd

delayed

задержанный
Meaning
Late or postponed; happening later than planned or expected.
Example
The Artemis mission was delayed due to technical challenges.
Миссия Артемиды была задержана из-за технических проблем.
C2 noun /ˈæntɪkwɛri/

antiquary

антиквар
Meaning
A person who studies, collects, or deals in antiques or ancient objects.
Example
The antiquary spent years collecting rare manuscripts from the medieval period.
Антиквар потратил годы на сбор редких манускриптов из средневекового периода.
C1 verb rɪˈpel

repel

отталкивать
Meaning
To push away or force apart due to similar charges or properties.
Example
Protons repel each other.
Протоны отталкивают друг друга.
B2 noun trænˈspær.ən.si

transparency

прозрачность
Meaning
The quality of being easy to perceive or detect; openness, accountability, and honesty in governance or operations.
Example
Transparency fosters trust in governance.
Прозрачность способствует доверию в управлении.
B2 noun /sɜːˈveɪ.ləns/

surveillance

наблюдение
Meaning
Close observation, especially of a suspected spy or criminal; continuous watching of a place, person, or situation.
Example
Government agencies conduct surveillance on cyber threats.
Государственные агентства проводят наблюдение за киберугрозами.
B2 noun /dɪˈtɜːrdʒənt/

detergent

моющее средство
Meaning
a substance used for cleaning, especially for washing clothes and dishes
Example
She bought a new brand of detergent for laundry.
Она купила новый бренд моющего средства для стирки.
A2 noun /ˈsɛlˌfoʊn/

cellphone

мобильный телефон
Meaning
a portable telephone that uses a cellular network for wireless communication
Example
She forgot her cellphone at home and couldn’t call anyone.
Она забыла свой мобильный телефон дома и не смогла никому позвонить.
C2 noun /ˈsɛm.ɪ.nɛr.i/

seminary

семинария
Meaning
A school or college for training priests, ministers, or rabbis.
Example
He decided to enroll in a seminary to study theology.
Он решил записаться в семинарию, чтобы изучать теологию.
A2 noun /ˈden.tɪst/

Dentist

стоматолог
Meaning
a medical professional who treats teeth and oral health
Example
I need to visit the dentist for a regular checkup.
Мне нужно посетить стоматолога для регулярного осмотра.
A2 adjective /ˈdʒɛnərəl/

general

общий
Meaning
Relating to all or most people, things, or situations; not specific.
Example
He made a general comment about the project.
Он сделал общий комментарий по проекту.
B1 verb /pərˈmɪt/

permit

разрешать
Meaning
to allow or give permission; to make possible
Example
The teacher permits students to use calculators during the exam.
Учитель разрешает студентам использовать калькуляторы во время экзамена.
C1 adjective /ˌjuːtɪlɪˈtɛəriən/

utilitarian

утилитарный
Meaning
Designed to be useful or practical rather than attractive; relating to the doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority.
Example
The building had a simple utilitarian design.
Здание имело простой утилитарный дизайн.
A2 verb /əˈtend/

attend

присутствовать
Meaning
to be present at; to give attention to; to take care of
Example
I will attend the conference next week.
Я буду присутствовать на конференции на следующей неделе.
C2 adjective /traɪˈɛniəl/

triennial

триенальный
Meaning
Occurring once every three years.
Example
The art festival is a triennial event in the city.
Художественный фестиваль — это триенальное событие в городе.
C2 adjective /səˈpʌlkrəl/

sepulchral

связанный с могилой, мрачный
Meaning
Relating to a tomb or burial; gloomy, dismal.
Example
The abandoned house had a sepulchral silence about it.
Покинутое здание было охвачено сепулькральной тишиной.
B2 noun /brest/

Breast

грудь
Meaning
the front surface of a person's or animal's body between the neck and the stomach
Example
The baby fell asleep on her mother's breast.
Малыш заснул на груди своей матери.
C1 adjective /ˈkjuːmjələtɪv/

cumulative

кумулятивный
Meaning
Increasing gradually by addition; growing in quantity, force, or effect.
Example
The cumulative effect of stress can harm your health.
Кумулятивный эффект стресса может навредить вашему здоровью.
B1 adjective /ˈvaɪə.lət/

Violet

фиолетовый цвет
Meaning
of a bluish-purple color
Example
She wore a beautiful violet dress to the party.
Она надела красивое фиолетовое платье на вечеринку.
B2 verb /briːd/

breed

разводить, размножать
Meaning
to produce young animals; to reproduce; to keep animals for producing young
Example
They breed horses on their farm.
Они разводят лошадей на своей ферме.
B2 noun /ˈfer.i boʊt/

Ferry-boat

паром
Meaning
a boat that carries passengers and vehicles across water
Example
We took the ferry-boat to cross the river.
Мы поехали на ферри-боте через реку.
C2 noun /ˈtændʒənsi/

tangency

касание
Meaning
the condition of touching but not intersecting, especially in geometry
Example
The circle and the line are in a state of tangency at one point.
Круг и линия находятся в состоянии касания в одной точке.
C1 verb /ˈtæn.tə.laɪz/

tantalize

соблазнять
Meaning
To tease or torment someone with the promise of something desirable but unattainable.
Example
The aroma of the bakery tantalized the hungry children.
Аромат пекарни манил голодных детей.
B2 adverb /ˈlaɪk.waɪz/

Likewise

также; аналогично; таким же образом
Meaning
in the same way; also; similarly
Example
She studied hard for the exam, and her brother did likewise.
Она усердно училась для экзамена, и её брат поступил так же.
C2 noun /ɡreɪˈdeɪʃən/

gradation

градация
Meaning
A gradual change from one stage, tone, or degree to another.
Example
The artist used subtle gradation of colors in her painting.
Художник использовал тонкую градацию цветов в своей картине.
C2 verb /əkˈsiːd/

accede

соглашаться
Meaning
to agree to a request, proposal, or demand; to assume an office or position
Example
The government finally acceded to the demands of the protesters.
Правительство наконец согласилось с требованиями протестующих.
B2 adjective ˈsɑːləm

solemn

торжественный
Meaning
Formal and dignified; characterized by deep sincerity.
Example
The day begins with a solemn ceremony at the memorial.
День начинается с торжественной церемонии у мемориала.
B2 adjective /əˈbʌndənt/

abundant

обильный
Meaning
existing or available in large quantities; plentiful
Example
The garden was abundant with colorful flowers.
Сад был полон ярких цветов.
B2 adjective /ˈhɜː.bəl/

herbal

травяной
Meaning
Made from or containing herbs, especially for medicinal purposes.
Example
Herbal remedies were widely used here.
Травяные средства широко использовались здесь.
C2 verb, noun /ˈkweɪvər/

quaver

дрожать
Meaning
To shake or tremble in speaking, typically through nervousness or emotion.
Example
Her voice quavered as she spoke before the crowd.
Её голос дрожал, когда она говорила перед толпой.
B2 adjective ˈaɪsəˌleɪtɪd

isolated

изолированный
Meaning
Alone or separated from others; having little or no contact with other people.
Example
Technological advancements often leave people isolated.
Технологический прогресс часто делает людей изолированными.
C1 adjective, verb (past tense/participle of mire) /ˈmaɪərd/

mired

впутанный
Meaning
Trapped or entangled in something, typically a difficult situation.
Example
The politician was mired in scandal.
Политик был впутан в скандал.
C1 adjective /məˈdʒen.tə/

Magenta

цвет магента
Meaning
a bright purplish-red color
Example
She wore a beautiful magenta dress to the party.
Она носила красивое магентовое платье на вечеринке.
B2 noun /ˈsɪmpəθi/

Sympathy

сочувствие
Meaning
feelings of pity and sorrow for someone else's misfortune
Example
She expressed her sympathy for the victims of the accident.
Она выразила свое сочувствие жертвам аварии.
C1 noun /ˈsɑːri/

Saree

сари
Meaning
a garment consisting of a length of cotton or silk elaborately draped around the body, traditionally worn by women from South Asia
Example
She looked elegant in her red silk saree at the festival.
Она выглядела элегантно в своём красном шелковом сари на фестивале.
B2 adjective /ˈtaɪərləs/

tireless

неутомимый
Meaning
Showing great effort or energy without becoming tired.
Example
She worked tirelessly to complete the project on time.
Она работала неутомимо, чтобы закончить проект вовремя.
C2 noun /ˈdaɪˌsɪləbəl/

disyllable

двусложное слово
Meaning
a word consisting of two syllables
Example
The word 'happy' is a disyllable.
Слово ‚счастье‘ — это двусложное слово.
C1 noun ˈoʊʃən əˌsɪdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən

ocean acidification

кислотification океана
Meaning
The ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Example
Ocean acidification is caused by atmospheric CO2 absorption.
Кислотность океанов вызвана поглощением CO2 из атмосферы.
B2 noun/verb /ˈslɔː.tər/

slaughter

убой / массовое убийство
Meaning
the killing of animals for food; killing in large numbers violently
Example
The army slaughtered hundreds of enemy soldiers.
Армия убила сотни вражеских солдат.
C1 noun /raɪt/

rite

ритуал
Meaning
a religious or ceremonial act
Example
The wedding rite was performed with great solemnity.
Свадебный ритуал был выполнен с большой торжественностью.
A2 noun /laɪt bʌlb/

Light bulb

лампочка
Meaning
a glass or plastic container that produces light when electricity passes through it
Example
The light bulb in the kitchen needs to be replaced.
Лампочка на кухне нуждается в замене.
C1 verb /hoʊn/

hone

точить, улучшать навыки
Meaning
To sharpen a blade or to improve a skill through practice.
Example
She honed her presentation skills before the big meeting.
Она отточила свои навыки презентации перед большим собранием.
C1 noun /ˈblɪs.tər/

Blister

мозоль
Meaning
a small bubble on the skin filled with serum and caused by friction, burning, or other damage
Example
The new shoes gave her a painful blister on her heel.
Новые туфли вызвали болезненную мозоль на её пятке.
C2 /ˈpæn.ə.pli/

panoply

паноплия
Meaning
A complete or impressive collection of things; a full set of armor.
Example
The museum displayed a panoply of ancient weapons.
Музей выставил паноплию древнего оружия.
C1 verb /ɡreɪt/

grate

тереть, раздражать
Meaning
to shred food into small pieces using a grater; to irritate or annoy
Example
She grated the cheese for the pasta dish.
Она натерла сыр для пасты.
A2 noun /niː/

Knee

колено
Meaning
the joint connecting the thigh and the lower leg in humans
Example
He fell and scraped his knee on the pavement.
Он упал и поцарапал колено о тротуар.
C2 adjective /ɒˈstɛnsɪv/

ostensive

остенсивный
Meaning
clearly demonstrative or pointing out; explicitly shown
Example
The teacher gave an ostensive example to clarify the concept.
Учитель привел остенсивный пример, чтобы разъяснить концепцию.
C1 adjective /ˈpriːmə/

prima

основной, отличный
Meaning
first or most important; excellent
Example
She was treated as the prima ballerina of the troupe.
Ее считали главной балериной группы.
C1 noun /ˈnjʊə.rəʊ.trænsˌmɪt.ərs/

neurotransmitters

нейротрансмиттеры
Meaning
Chemical messengers that transmit signals across nerve synapses, affecting mood, behavior, and cognitive functions.
Example
Serotonin and dopamine are key neurotransmitters affecting mood.
Серотонин и допамин - ключевые нейротрансмиттеры, влияющие на настроение.
C1 noun /ˈplez.ən.tri/

Pleasantry

вежливость
Meaning
a remark made in order to be polite or friendly; light conversation or jokes
Example
They exchanged pleasantries before the meeting began.
Они обменялись вежливостью перед началом встречи.
C1 verb /ˈwɪð.ər/

wither

увядать
Meaning
to dry up and die, typically used for plants
Example
The flowers will wither without enough water.
Цветы завянут без достаточного количества воды.
C2 noun /ˈɑːr.bɪ.trɑːʒ/

arbitrage

арбитраж
Meaning
The simultaneous buying and selling of securities in different markets to take advantage of differing prices.
Example
Investors use arbitrage to make profits in global markets.
Инвесторы используют арбитраж, чтобы получать прибыль на мировых рынках.
C2 noun /ˈtrɛsəl/

trestle

подпорка
Meaning
a frame or support consisting of a horizontal beam held up by two pairs of sloping legs, used especially for supporting a bridge or table
Example
The workers built a wooden trestle to support the temporary bridge.
Рабочие построили деревянную подпорку, чтобы поддержать временный мост.
B1 verb /əˈsɪst/

assist

помогать
Meaning
to help or support someone in doing something
Example
The nurse will assist the doctor during the surgery.
Медсестра будет ассистировать врачу во время операции.
A2 adverb /ˈnoʊwɛr/

Nowhere

нигде
Meaning
not anywhere; in no place
Example
I searched everywhere but the keys were nowhere to be found.
Я искал повсюду, но ключи не были найдены нигде.
C1 verb /ɪˈroʊd/

erode

эрозия
Meaning
to gradually wear away or destroy by natural forces such as water, wind, or chemical action
Example
The coastline has begun to erode due to constant waves.
Береговая линия начала разрушаться из-за постоянных волн.
B2 adjective /ɪɡˈzɑːtɪk/

exotic

экзотический и привлекательный
Meaning
Unusual and attractive because it is from a foreign place or culture.
Example
The garden was filled with exotic plants from tropical countries.
Сад был заполнен экзотическими растениями из тропических стран.
B2 noun səˈsteɪnəbl dɪˈvɛləpmənt

Sustainable Development

устойчивое развитие
Meaning
Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Example
Eco-tourism contributes to sustainable development in local communities.
Экотуризм способствует устойчивому развитию в местных сообществах.
A2 verb (past tense / past participle) /əˈtræktɪd/

attracted

привлечённый
Meaning
felt interest or liking toward someone or something; was drawn by appeal or force
Example
She was attracted to the idea of studying abroad.
Её привлекла идея учёбы за границей.
C1 noun /ˌsɛlfsəˈfɪʃənsi/

Self-sufficiency

самодостаточность
Meaning
the ability to supply one's own needs without external assistance; independence
Example
The farm achieved complete self-sufficiency in food production.
Ферма достигла полной самодостаточности в производстве пищи.
C1 adjective /ˌʃoʊ.vəˈnɪs.tɪk/

chauvinistic

шовинистический
Meaning
Displaying or characterized by excessive or prejudiced loyalty or support, especially towards one's own gender or group.
Example
His chauvinistic attitude alienated many of his female colleagues.
Его шовинистическое отношение отчуждало многих его коллег-женщин.
C1 noun /ˈstɪklər/

stickler

строгий человек по отношению к правилам
Meaning
a person who insists on a certain quality or standard of behavior
Example
He is a stickler for punctuality and never tolerates delays.
Он очень строг к пунктуальности и не терпит задержек.