B1 verb /dɪˈfɛnd/

defend

защищать

Meaning

To protect someone or something from harm or attack.

Example

The lawyer worked hard to defend her client.

Адвокат усердно работал, чтобы защитить своего клиента.

B1 noun ɪnˈvestmənt

investment

инвестиции

Meaning

The action or process of investing money for profit or material result.

Example

Investment in waste management infrastructure is essential.

Инвестиции в инфраструктуру управления отходами необходимы.

B1 noun /weɪst/

Waist

талия

Meaning

the part of the human body below the ribs and above the hips

Example

She tied a belt around her waist.

Она привязала пояс вокруг своей талии.

B1 adjective ˌdem.əˈkræt.ɪk

democratic

демократический

Meaning

Relating to or supporting democracy or its principles.

Example

Democratic governance ensures equal rights.

Демократическое правление гарантирует равные права.

B1 adjective /ˈkʌtɪŋ/

cutting

резкий

Meaning

sharp or severe, often used to describe remarks or actions

Example

Her cutting remarks made everyone feel uncomfortable.

Её резкие замечания заставили всех чувствовать себя неудобно.

B1 verb /ɪkˈspɔːrt/

export

экспортировать

Meaning

to send goods or services to another country for sale

Example

The company exports cars to many countries.

Компания экспортирует автомобили в многие страны.

B1 adjective /ˈdaɪɪŋ/

Dying

умирающий; на грани смерти;

Meaning

approaching death; in the process of dying; fading away

Example

The dying plant needs water immediately.

Умирающее растение нуждается в воде немедленно.

B1 adverb /ˈkʌmftəbli/

Comfortably

удобно

Meaning

in a comfortable manner; without difficulty or effort; with ease

Example

She was sitting comfortably in her favorite chair.

Она сидела удобно в своем любимом кресле.

B1 adverb /ˈɡreɪtli/

greatly

очень

Meaning

to a large extent or degree; very much

Example

She was greatly admired by her students.

Она была сильно восхищена своими студентами.

B1 verb /ter/

tear

рвать

Meaning

to pull apart or damage by force; to rip

Example

Be careful not to tear the paper.

Будьте осторожны, чтобы не порвать бумагу.

B1 noun /ˈɛnvəloʊp/

envelope

конверт

Meaning

a flat paper container used to enclose a letter or document

Example

She sealed the letter in an envelope and posted it.

Она запечатала письмо в конверт и отправила его.

B1 adjective /ˌen.təˈteɪ.nɪŋ/

Entertaining

развлекательный; забавный и увлекательный

Meaning

providing amusement or enjoyment; funny and engaging

Example

The comedian's performance was very entertaining and kept the audience laughing.

Выступление комика было очень развлекательным и заставило зрителей смеяться.

B1 noun /rɪˈvɪʒ.ən/

Revision

ревизия; пересмотренное издание

Meaning

the action of revising; a revised edition or form of something; review of subject matter

Example

The students spent hours doing revision for their final exams.

Студенты провели часы за ревизией перед финальными экзаменами.

B1 noun /ˈkærɪdʒ/

carriage

карета

Meaning

a vehicle, typically a four-wheeled one, used for transporting goods or people, especially in the past

Example

The royal family traveled in a beautiful carriage during parades.

Королевская семья путешествовала в красивой карете во время парадов.

B1 noun, verb /ˈrɒkɪt/

rocket

счастье

Meaning

a missile or vehicle propelled by a rocket engine; to increase or move very quickly

Example

The company’s profits rocketed after the new product launch.

Она не могла скрыть свое счастье, когда получила награду.

B1 noun /əˈtrækʃən/

Attraction

аттракция; сила притяжения;

Meaning

the action or power of evoking interest or pleasure in something; a place that draws visitors

Example

The museum is the main attraction for tourists in this city.

Музей — это основная аттракция для туристов в этом городе.

B1 verb /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/

criticize

критиковать

Meaning

to express disapproval or find fault with someone or something

Example

The teacher criticized the student's poor handwriting.

Учитель раскритиковал плохой почерк студента.

B1 noun /ˈbaɪər/

buyer

покупатель

Meaning

a person who makes a purchase

Example

The buyer inspected the car before making payment.

Покупатель осмотрел машину перед оплатой.

B1 adjective /ɪnˈfɔːrməl/

Informal

неформальный; расслабленный; непринужденный

Meaning

relaxed and friendly; not official or ceremonial; casual

Example

The meeting was informal and relaxed.

Встреча была неформальной и расслабленной.

B1 adjective /ˈspaɪ.si/

Spicy

острый

Meaning

having a strong, hot flavor from spices; containing spices

Example

This curry is too spicy for me to eat.

Это карри слишком острое для меня.

B1 noun /ɪnˈstrʌktər/

instructor

инструктор

Meaning

A person who teaches a subject or skill.

Example

The driving instructor was very patient with new learners.

Инструктор по вождению был очень терпелив с новыми учениками.

B1 noun /'pʌmp.kɪn/

Pumpkin

тыква

Meaning

a large round orange fruit with thick skin and edible flesh

Example

We carved a jack-o'-lantern from a big pumpkin.

Мы вырезали фонарь из большого тыквы.

B1 noun /ˈbed ˌkʌv.ər/

Bed cover

покрывало для кровати

Meaning

a protective covering for a bed, typically a bedspread or comforter

Example

She pulled the bed cover up to her chin to stay warm.

Она подтянула покрывало до подбородка, чтобы не замерзнуть.

B1 noun /ˈreɪn.boʊ/

Rainbow

радуга

Meaning

an arch of colors formed in the sky by sunlight shining through rain

Example

After the storm, a beautiful rainbow appeared in the sky.

После шторма в небе появилась прекрасная радуга.

B1 adjective /ˈsekənderi/

secondary

второстепенный

Meaning

Less important than something else; derived from or dependent on something primary.

Example

Safety is our primary concern, while speed is only secondary.

Безопасность — наша основная забота, в то время как скорость лишь второстепенна.

B1 noun /ˈhev.ən/

Heaven

рай

Meaning

a place regarded in various religions as the abode of God and the angels; a place of eternal happiness

Example

Many people believe that good souls go to heaven after they pass away from this world.

Многие люди верят, что добрые души попадают в рай после смерти.

B1 adjective /fɪkst/

fixed

фиксированный, стабильный

Meaning

firmly in place; not changing or movable

Example

The schedule for the meeting is fixed for Monday morning.

Расписание встречи закреплено на понедельник утром.

B1 verb kənˈsjuːmz

consumes

потреблять

Meaning

Use up (a resource); eat, drink, or ingest (food or drink).

Example

An individual consumes around 20 kg of plastic annually.

Человек потребляет около 20 кг пластика ежегодно.

B1 noun ˈtʃæt.dʒiː.piː.tiː

ChatGPT

Модель искусственного интеллекта, основанная на языке

Meaning

A language-based artificial intelligence model designed for conversational interactions.

Example

ChatGPT helps users generate human-like text efficiently.

ChatGPT помогает пользователям эффективно генерировать текст, похожий на человеческий.

B1 noun /ˈmɛtəl/

metal

металл

Meaning

A solid material that is typically hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, and conductive, such as iron, gold, or aluminum.

Example

The ring was made of precious metal.

Кольцо было сделано из драгоценного металла.

B1 noun /ˌɒp.əˈtjuː.nə.ti/

opportunity

возможность

Meaning

A favorable chance or set of circumstances that makes it possible to do something.

Example

She seized the opportunity to study abroad.

Она воспользовалась возможностью учиться за границей.

B1 noun /skriːn/

Screen

экран

Meaning

a flat surface on which pictures or words are shown; a movable partition used to divide a room

Example

The movie was displayed on a large screen in the theater.

Фильм был показан на большом экране в театре.

B1 verb /tɔs/

toss

легко бросать

Meaning

To throw something lightly or casually; to move or turn suddenly.

Example

He tossed the keys onto the table.

Он бросил ключи на стол.

B1 verb /straɪk/

Strike

ударить

Meaning

to hit forcefully; to stop work as a form of protest

Example

Lightning strikes the tall building during the storm.

Молния ударяет по высокому зданию во время шторма.

B1 adjective hɪˈstɔːrɪk

historic

исторический

Meaning

Famous or significant in history, or potentially so.

Example

Victory Day is a historic moment for Bangladesh.

День Победы - это исторический момент для Бангладеш.

B1 adjective /dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ/

disgusting

отвратительный

Meaning

extremely unpleasant or offensive; causing strong dislike or revulsion

Example

The smell coming from the trash can was absolutely disgusting.

Запах из мусорного ведра был абсолютно отвратительный.

B1 noun ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪtiz

opportunities

возможности

Meaning

A set of circumstances that makes it possible to do something; chances for advancement or success.

Example

Opportunities for jobs decreased.

Возможности для работы уменьшились.

B1 noun /ɪˈlɛkʃən/

election

выборы

Meaning

The process of choosing someone for public office by voting.

Example

The election will be held next month.

Выборы состоятся в следующем месяце.

B1 verb /kræk/

crack

счастье

Meaning

To break or cause to break without complete separation; to make a sharp sound.

Example

The glass cracked when it was dropped on the floor.

Она не могла скрыть свое счастье, когда получила награду.

B1 noun /hjuːˈmænɪti/

humanity

человечность

Meaning

the quality of being human; kindness or compassion towards others; all human beings collectively

Example

Kindness is one of the greatest expressions of humanity.

Доброта — одно из величайших проявлений человечности.

B1 noun /ˈɑp.ʃən/

Option

опция

Meaning

a thing that is or may be chosen; an alternative course of action

Example

You have the option to work from home or office.

У вас есть опция работать из дома или из офиса.

B1 noun /ˈswɛtʃɜːrt/

sweatshirt

свитшот

Meaning

A casual, long-sleeved pullover garment, typically made of cotton or fleece, worn for warmth or comfort.

Example

He wore a grey sweatshirt while jogging in the park.

Он носил серый свэтшёрт во время пробежки в парке.

B1 noun /ˈseɪ.vɪŋz/

savings

сбережения

Meaning

Money that is saved, especially in a bank or official scheme for future use.

Example

Many people invest their savings in real estate.

Многие люди инвестируют свои сбережения в недвижимость.

B1 noun /ˈslɪpər/

Slipper

тапочка

Meaning

light, comfortable shoe without a back, worn indoors

Example

She put on her slippers before walking around the house.

Она надела тапочки перед тем, как прогуляться по дому.

B1 adjective /ˈbrɪliənt/

brilliant

блестящий

Meaning

Exceptionally clever, talented, or impressive; very bright or radiant.

Example

She gave a brilliant performance on stage.

Она дала блестящее представление на сцене.

B1 noun /ˈbeɡər/

Beggar

бомж

Meaning

a person who lives by asking for money or food

Example

The beggar sat by the temple asking for alms.

Бомж сидел у храма, прося подаяния.

B1 noun /ˈkriːtʃər/

creature

существо

Meaning

A living being, especially an animal.

Example

The forest is full of strange creatures.

Лес полон странных существ.

B1 adjective /əˈfɪʃəl/

official

официальный

Meaning

relating to or connected with an authority or public office

Example

He is the official spokesperson for the company.

Он официальный представитель компании.

B1 noun, verb /ˈfəʊtəʊˌkɒpi/

photocopy

ксерокопия

Meaning

a copy of a document made using a photocopying machine; to make such a copy

Example

Please photocopy these documents before the meeting.

Пожалуйста, сделайте ксерокопию этих документов перед встречей.

B1 adjective /ˈmɪzərəbəl/

Miserable

жалкий; несчастный; причиняющий страдание

Meaning

very unhappy; wretched; causing suffering

Example

He felt miserable after losing his job.

Он чувствовал себя ужасно после того, как потерял работу.

B1 verb /kənˈkluːd/

conclude

завершить

Meaning

to bring to an end; to decide or determine after consideration

Example

We will conclude the meeting at five o'clock.

Мы завершим встречу в пять часов.

B1 adjective /ˈʌpˌkʌmɪŋ/

upcoming

предстоящий

Meaning

about to happen or appear

Example

The upcoming event will be held next week.

Предстоящее событие состоится на следующей неделе.

B1 verb /pərˈfɔːrm/

perform

исполнять

Meaning

to carry out an action or present entertainment; to function

Example

The orchestra will perform at the concert hall tonight.

Оркестр исполнит концерт в зале сегодня вечером.

B1 noun, verb /ɡreɪd/

grade

оценка

Meaning

A level of quality, rank, or performance; to assign a score or mark to work or performance.

Example

The teacher graded all the papers by the weekend.

Учитель поставил оценки всем работам к выходным.

B1 noun /əˈpɪn.jən/

Opinion

мнение

Meaning

a view or judgment formed about something; a belief or assessment based on grounds short of proof

Example

In my opinion, this is the best solution.

По моему мнению, это лучшее решение.

B1 adjective /ˈnɔːðərn/

northern

северный

Meaning

relating to the north or situated in the north

Example

The northern part of the country is known for its cold climate.

Северная часть страны известна своим холодным климатом.

B1 noun /ˈfaɪər.mən/

Fireman

пожарный

Meaning

a person whose job is to extinguish fires and rescue people

Example

The brave fireman rescued the family from the burning building.

Отважный пожарный спас семью из горящего здания.

B1 noun /tʃiːf/

chief

шеф

Meaning

a leader or person in charge of a group or organization

Example

The chief of the village made an important decision.

Шеф деревни принял важное решение.

B1 noun /ˈmem.bə.ʃɪp/

membership

членство

Meaning

The state of belonging to or being part of an organization or group.

Example

The country's membership in the organization marked 50 years.

Членство страны в организации отметило 50 лет.

B1 adjective /ˈkoʊzi/

cozy

уютный

Meaning

giving a feeling of comfort, warmth, and relaxation

Example

We sat in a cozy little café on a rainy day.

Мы сидели в уютном маленьком кафе в дождливый день.

B1 noun /ˈkɛmɪkəl/

chemical

химическое вещество

Meaning

a substance produced by or used in a chemical process

Example

The factory releases harmful chemicals into the river.

Фабрика сбрасывает вредные химические вещества в реку.

B1 adjective əkˈsep.tɪd

accepted

принятый

Meaning

Generally believed or recognized to be valid or correct.

Example

The accepted terms were discussed in detail.

Принятые условия были обсуждены подробно.

B1 noun /kæmˈpeɪn/

Campaign

кампания

Meaning

an organized course of action to achieve a particular goal; a series of military operations

Example

The environmental campaign successfully raised awareness about climate change.

Экологическая кампания успешно повысила осведомленность о изменении климата.

B1 noun ˈkraɪsɪs

crisis

кризис

Meaning

A time of intense difficulty, trouble, or danger.

Example

The financial crisis affected global markets.

Финансовый кризис повлиял на мировые рынки.

B1 noun /ˈtreɪ.dər/

Trader

торговец

Meaning

a person who buys and sells goods or financial securities for profit

Example

The trader made a good profit from selling imported goods.

Торговец получил хорошую прибыль, продавая импортированные товары.

B1 adjective /ˈkɜːrli/

curly

кудрявый

Meaning

having curls or waves; shaped with bends or coils

Example

She has naturally curly hair.

У неё от природы кудрявые волосы.

B1 noun /ˈjuːnjən/

Union

союз

Meaning

the action of joining or combining; a political unit formed from separate states

Example

The union of the two companies created a powerful corporation.

Объединение двух компаний создало мощную корпорацию.

B1 verb /træk/

track

отслеживать

Meaning

To follow or trace the course or progress of something.

Example

Someone can easily track your location on social media.

Кто-то может легко отслеживать ваше местоположение в социальных сетях.

B1 adverb /ˈfɔːtʃənətli/

fortunately

к счастью

Meaning

by good luck; luckily

Example

Fortunately, no one was injured in the accident.

К счастью, никто не пострадал в аварии.

B1 noun /ˈsɜːvənt/

servant

слуга

Meaning

a person who performs duties for others, especially in a household

Example

The servant opened the door for the guests.

Слуга открыл дверь для гостей.

B1 adjective /kənˈvɪnst/

convinced

убежденный

Meaning

completely certain or sure about something

Example

She was convinced that he was telling the truth.

Она была убеждена, что он говорит правду.

B1 noun /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən/

association

ассоциация

Meaning

an organized group of people who have joined together for a common purpose

Example

She is a member of the local teachers' association.

Она является членом местной ассоциации учителей.

B1 adverb /ˌʌpsaɪd ˈdaʊn/

Upside-down

вверх ногами

Meaning

with the upper part at the bottom; in or into a reversed position

Example

The picture was hanging upside-down on the wall.

Картина висела вверх ногами на стене.

B1 verb /pɔːr/

pour

лить

Meaning

to flow or cause to flow in a steady stream; to rain heavily

Example

Please pour the water into the glass carefully.

Пожалуйста, налейте воду в стакан осторожно.

B1 noun /ˈreɪlˌroʊd/

railroad

железная дорога

Meaning

a track or system of tracks made of steel rails along which trains run

Example

The railroad connects the city to several nearby towns.

Железная дорога соединяет город с несколькими соседними городами.

B1 noun /ˈpæsɪŋ/

passing

прохождение, смерть

Meaning

the act of moving past something or the end of someone's life

Example

The passing of the leader was a great loss for the nation.

Прохождение лидера стало большой утратой для нации.

B1 verb /ˈkæptʃər/

capture

захватывать

Meaning

to take control of something or someone by force

Example

The soldiers managed to capture the enemy base.

Солдаты смогли захватить вражескую базу.

B1 verb /kənˈfɜːrm/

confirm

подтверждать

Meaning

to establish the truth, accuracy, or validity of something

Example

The hotel will confirm your reservation by email.

Отель подтвердит ваш заказ по электронной почте.

B1 noun /məˈkænɪk/

mechanic

механик

Meaning

a person who repairs and maintains machines or vehicles

Example

The mechanic fixed the engine in less than an hour.

Механик отремонтировал двигатель менее чем за час.

B1 noun /ˈspɛndɪŋ/

spending

расходы

Meaning

the act of paying money for goods or services

Example

Her spending on clothes was higher than expected.

Её траты на одежду были выше, чем ожидалось.

B1 adjective /ˈkɒmplɪˌkeɪtɪd/

complicated

сложный

Meaning

consisting of many interconnected parts; difficult to understand

Example

The instructions for the machine are too complicated to follow.

Инструкции к машине слишком сложные, чтобы их выполнить.

B1 noun ˈɑːkɪtektʃə(r)

architecture

архитектура

Meaning

The art or science of designing and constructing buildings.

Example

Ancient architecture is fascinating.

Древняя архитектура захватывающе интересна.

B1 noun /ˈfɪzɪks/

physics

физика

Meaning

the natural science that studies matter, energy, and the interactions between them

Example

She decided to major in physics at the university.

Она решила изучать физику в университете.

B1 adjective /kəmˈbaɪnd/

combined

совмещённый

Meaning

formed by bringing together separate parts or elements

Example

The combined effort of the team led to success.

Совместные усилия команды привели к успеху.

B1 verb /ɪkˈsplɔːr/

explore

исследовать

Meaning

to travel through or study something in order to learn more about it

Example

They decided to explore the forest together.

Они решили исследовать лес вместе.

B1 noun /təˈbækoʊ/

tobacco

табак

Meaning

a plant grown for its leaves, which are used in making cigarettes and cigars

Example

He stopped smoking tobacco after his health scare.

Он бросил курить табак после проблемы со здоровьем.

B1 noun /mʌd/

mud

грязь

Meaning

soft, wet earth or soil

Example

The children were playing in the mud after the rain.

Дети играли в грязи после дождя.

B1 noun /ˈmɛθ.əd/

Method

метод

Meaning

A particular way of doing something, especially a systematic or established procedure

Example

She developed a new method for solving mathematical problems.

Она разработала новый метод решения математических задач.

B1 noun /ˈɛdɪtər/

editor

редактор

Meaning

a person responsible for the final content of a newspaper, magazine, or book

Example

The editor approved the article before publication.

Редактор одобрил статью до публикации.

B1 adjective /ʌnˈtru/

Untrue

ложный; неверный

Meaning

not true; false; incorrect

Example

His statement about the incident was completely untrue.

Его заявление о происшествии было совершенно ложным.

B1 verb /ɪnˈvɛnt/

invent

изобретать

Meaning

to create or design something that has not existed before

Example

Thomas Edison invented the electric bulb.

Томас Эдисон изобрёл электрическую лампочку.

B1 verb /ˈdɛmənˌstreɪt/

demonstrate

демонстрировать

Meaning

to clearly show or prove something through evidence, explanation, or action

Example

The teacher demonstrated the experiment to the class.

Учитель продемонстрировал эксперимент классу.

B1 adjective /ˈɛd.jʊ.keɪ.tɪd/

educated

образованный

Meaning

Having received a good level of formal schooling or training; knowledgeable

Example

She is an educated woman who values lifelong learning.

Она образованная женщина, которая ценит обучение на протяжении всей жизни.

B1 noun /ˈθɪr.i/

Theory

теория

Meaning

a supposition or system of ideas intended to explain something

Example

Einstein's theory of relativity revolutionized physics.

Теория относительности Эйнштейна революционизировала физику.

B1 noun /bɪˈliːf/

Belief

вера; доверие

Meaning

confidence in the truth or existence of something; trust or faith

Example

His belief in justice never wavered.

Его вера в справедливость никогда не колебалась.

B1 noun ˈseɪ.vɪŋ

saving

сбережение

Meaning

The practice of keeping and accumulating money for future use rather than spending it immediately.

Example

Regular saving habits ensure financial security.

Регулярные привычки сбережений обеспечивают финансовую безопасность.

B1 noun /kənˈfjuː.ʒən/

Confusion

путаница, неразбериха, хаос

Meaning

lack of understanding; uncertainty; the state of being bewildered or unclear in one's mind

Example

There was confusion about the meeting time, so half the team arrived late.

Была путаница по поводу времени встречи, поэтому половина команды опоздала.

B1 adjective /ˈfluː.ənt/

Fluent

свободно говорящий; беглый

Meaning

able to speak a language easily and accurately; flowing smoothly and gracefully

Example

She is fluent in three languages including English and French.

Она свободно говорит на трех языках, включая английский и французский.

B1 noun /ˈlɪt.ər.ə.ʧər/

Literature

литература

Meaning

written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit; books and writings published on a particular subject

Example

She studied English literature at university.

Она изучала английскую литературу в университете.

B1 noun /kənˈteɪ.nər/

container

контейнер

Meaning

A receptacle or box used for storage or transportation.

Example

Containers are essential for logistics.

Контейнеры важны для логистики.

B1 verb /pɔːz/

Pause

пауза

Meaning

to stop temporarily; to take a break in activity or speech

Example

Please pause the video while I take notes.

Пожалуйста, поставьте видео на паузу, пока я сделаю заметки.

B1 noun ɪˈnɪʃətɪv

initiative

инициатива

Meaning

An act or strategy intended to resolve a difficulty or improve a situation; a fresh approach to something.

Example

NASA's initiative to return humans to the Moon is ambitious.

Инициатива NASA по возвращению людей на Луну амбициозна.

B1 noun, verb /eɪd/

aid

помощь

Meaning

help or support, typically of a practical nature

Example

The volunteers provided aid to the flood victims.

Волонтеры оказали помощь жертвам наводнения.

B1 noun /səˈdʒes.tʃən/

Suggestion

предложение; совет

Meaning

an idea or plan put forward for consideration; advice or recommendation

Example

Do you have any suggestions for improving our team's productivity?

У вас есть предложения по улучшению производительности нашей команды?

B1 noun ˌɔː.ɡən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

organization

организация

Meaning

An organized group of people with a particular purpose, such as a business or government department.

Example

The organization was officially inaugurated in 2024.

Организация была официально открыта в 2024 году.

B1 noun /ˈneɪvi/

Navy

военно-морской флот

Meaning

the branch of armed forces that conducts military operations at sea

Example

He joined the navy after graduating from college.

Он поступил в военно-морской флот после окончания колледжа.

B1 verb /ˈhɛdɪŋ/

heading

направляться

Meaning

Moving in a particular direction.

Example

The ship is heading toward Antarctica.

Корабль направляется в сторону Антарктиды.

B1 verb /dɪˈleɪ/

delay

задерживать

Meaning

to make something happen later than planned

Example

The flight was delayed due to bad weather.

Рейс был задержан из-за плохой погоды.

яд

Meaning

a substance that is capable of causing death or illness

Example

The snake's bite contains deadly poison.

Укус змеи содержит смертельный яд.