Collar
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B2 noun /ˈkɒl.ər/

Collar

ошейник
Meaning
a band of material around the neck; in jewelry context, a close-fitting necklace
Example
She wore an elegant pearl collar to the formal dinner.
Она носила элегантный жемчужный ошейник на официальном ужине.
C2 noun /ˌkæl.sɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

calcification

кальцификация
Meaning
The process of calcium accumulation in soil, making it hard.
Example
Calcification reduces soil permeability and affects crop growth.
Кальцификация уменьшает проницаемость почвы и влияет на рост растений.
C2 adjective /dʒərˈmeɪn/

germane

актуальный
Meaning
Relevant and appropriate to the subject being considered.
Example
Her comments were not germane to the discussion.
Её комментарии не были актуальны для обсуждения.
B2 noun /pɔːrtʃ/

porch

веранда
Meaning
a covered area at the entrance of a building, often with a roof and open sides
Example
We sat on the porch and enjoyed the evening breeze.
Мы сидели на веранде и наслаждались вечерним бризом.
C1 verb diːˈsɛn.sɪ.taɪz

desensitize

десенсибилизировать
Meaning
To make someone less sensitive or reactive to something through repeated exposure.
Example
Constant exposure to violence can desensitize people.
Постоянное воздействие насилия может сделать людей менее чувствительными.
C1 noun /moʊˈzeɪɪk/

mosaic

мозаика
Meaning
A picture or pattern produced by arranging together small pieces of stone, tile, or glass.
Example
The church ceiling was decorated with a beautiful mosaic.
Потолок церкви был украшен красивой мозаикой.
B2 noun /θred/

thread

нить
Meaning
a long, thin strand of cotton, nylon, or other fibers used for sewing
Example
She used a red thread to sew the torn button back on.
Она использовала красную нить, чтобы пришить оторванную пуговицу.
C1 noun /ˈrʌmpəs/

Rumpus

шум; беспорядок; суматоха
Meaning
a noisy disturbance; an uproar or commotion
Example
The children caused quite a rumpus in the playground.
Дети вызвали настоящий переполох на игровой площадке.
C1 noun ˌpriːˌɒkjʊˈpeɪʃən

preoccupation

озабоченность
Meaning
The state of being absorbed in thought; mental distraction.
Example
His preoccupation with work led to neglecting his personal life.
Его озабоченность работой привела к пренебрежению личной жизнью.
C2 verb /ˈmæɡnɪtaɪz/

magnetize

намагнитить
Meaning
to make something magnetic or to strongly attract
Example
The scientist managed to magnetize the iron rod.
Ученый смог намагнитить железный стержень.
C2 verb /ɛnˈfiːbəl/

enfeeble

ослабить
Meaning
To make weak or feeble; to deprive of strength.
Example
The long illness enfeebled the old man.
Долгая болезнь ослабила старика.
C2 adjective /ˈʃɑːpwɔːrn/

shopworn

изношенный / старый
Meaning
worn or faded from being displayed in a shop; no longer fresh or original
Example
The shopworn shoes were sold at a discount.
Шопворн обувь была продана со скидкой.
A2 preposition /wɪðˈɪn/

within

внутри
Meaning
inside the limits of something, or as part of a particular space or time
Example
The keys are within the drawer.
Ключи находятся внутри ящика.
C2 verb /bɪˈtaɪd/

betide

случаться
Meaning
to happen or occur, usually of something that befalls someone
Example
Woe betide anyone who breaks the rules.
Тот, кто нарушает правила, понесет последствия.
C1 noun /mælˈpræktɪs/

Malpractice

небрежность
Meaning
Improper, illegal, or negligent professional behavior
Example
The surgeon was sued for malpractice after the failed operation.
Хирург был подан в суд за недобросовестную практику после неудачной операции.
B2 verb /ˈsʌməraɪz/

summarize

подводить итог
Meaning
To give a brief statement of the main points of something
Example
She summarized the report in just a few minutes.
Она суммировала отчет всего за несколько минут.
A2 adverb /twaɪs/

twice

дважды
Meaning
two times
Example
I have seen that movie twice.
Я видел этот фильм дважды.
C1 verb /ˌdɪsɪnˈtæŋɡl/

disentangle

распутывать
Meaning
To free something or someone from a tangle or complication.
Example
She tried to disentangle her hair from the branches.
Она попыталась распутать свои волосы от веток.
B1 noun /ˈker.ləs.nəs/

Carelessness

небрежность; халатность
Meaning
failure to give sufficient attention to avoiding harm or errors
Example
His carelessness with money led to serious financial problems.
Его небрежность с деньгами привела к серьезным финансовым проблемам.
C2 noun əˌdʌl.təˈreɪ.ʃən

adulteration

фальсификация
Meaning
The action of making something poorer in quality by the addition of another substance.
Example
Adulteration of food is a serious health risk.
Фальсификация продуктов питания представляет серьезную угрозу для здоровья.
B1 noun ˈmeʒ.ərz

measures

меры
Meaning
A plan or course of action taken to achieve a particular purpose.
Example
Mitigation measures focus on reducing emissions.
Меры смягчения направлены на снижение выбросов.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜːrtɪkl/

vertical

вертикальный
Meaning
Standing or pointing straight up; perpendicular to the ground.
Example
The skyscraper has a perfectly vertical design.
Небоскрёб имеет идеально вертикальный дизайн.
C2 adjective /ˈfʌndʒəbl/

fungible

фунгибельный
Meaning
interchangeable; able to replace or be replaced by another identical item
Example
In finance, money is considered a fungible asset.
В финансах деньги считаются fungible активом.
C2 noun /flæks/

flax

лён
Meaning
a plant whose fibers are used to make linen and whose seeds are edible
Example
Flax is often used in making linen fabrics.
Лён часто используется для изготовления льняных тканей.
C2 noun /ˈplɔːdɪt/

plaudit

похвала
Meaning
an expression of praise or approval
Example
The actor received plaudit for his outstanding performance.
Актер получил похвалу за его выдающееся выступление.
C2 noun /ˈnɪn.i/

Ninny

тупица
Meaning
a silly or foolish person; someone who lacks common sense
Example
Don't be such a ninny, use your brain!
Не будь таким тупицей, используй свой мозг!
C1 verb, noun /mjuːz/

muse

Meaning
to think deeply about something; a source of inspiration, especially for an artist or writer
Example
She sat by the window to muse about her future.
C1 verb /ˈlʌmbər/

lumber

идти тяжело
Meaning
to move in a slow, heavy, awkward way
Example
The bear lumbered through the forest in search of food.
Медведь шел тяжело через лес в поисках пищи.
B2 adjective /ˌfɪl.əˈsɒf.ɪ.kəl/

philosophical

философский
Meaning
relating to the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence
Example
She maintained a calm and philosophical attitude during the crisis.
Она сохранила спокойное и философское отношение в кризисной ситуации.
C1 noun /ˈpɔːrsəlɪn/

porcelain

фарфор
Meaning
A white, hard ceramic material often used for dishes and ornaments.
Example
The museum displayed ancient porcelain vases from China.
Музей выставил древние фарфоровые вазы из Китая.
C1 adjective/noun /ˈkɜːrsɪv/

cursive

курсивное письмо
Meaning
Written with characters joined together in a flowing manner.
Example
The teacher asked students to write the essay in cursive handwriting.
Учитель попросил студентов написать эссе курсивом.
C1 verb /rɪˈdrɛs/

redress

исправлять
Meaning
to set right, remedy, or compensate for a wrong or grievance
Example
The company promised to redress the complaints of its customers.
Компания пообещала устранить жалобы своих клиентов.
A2 noun /nɒk/

Knock

удар; стук
Meaning
a sudden sharp blow; the sound of striking something
Example
There was a loud knock at the door late at night.
Поздно ночью был громкий стук в дверь.
B1 noun /θroʊt/

Throat

горло; трахея; передняя часть шеи
Meaning
the passage that leads from the back of the mouth to the stomach and lungs; the front part of the neck
Example
He had a sore throat and couldn't speak clearly.
У него болело горло, и он не мог говорить ясно.
C2 verb /əˈkluːd/

occlude

закрывать
Meaning
To block or close up an opening or passage.
Example
The pipe was occluded by mineral deposits.
Трубопровод был заблокирован минеральными отложениями.
B2 noun /ˈwaɪld.laɪf ˌkɒnsərˈveɪʃən/

wildlife conservation

сохранение дикой природы
Meaning
The practice of protecting wild animal species and their habitats in order to maintain healthy wildlife species or populations and to restore, protect or enhance natural ecosystems.
Example
Wildlife conservation aims to protect endangered species.
Сохранение дикой природы направлено на защиту исчезающих видов.
A2 adjective /ˈθɜːr.sti/

Thirsty

жаждущий
Meaning
feeling a need to drink; having a strong desire for something
Example
I am very thirsty after running in the heat.
Я очень жажду после бега в жару.
C1 noun /ˈmɑː.kɪt ˌpen.ɪˈtreɪ.ʃən/

Market Penetration

рынковая проникаемость
Meaning
A measure of the amount of sales or adoption of a product or service compared to the total theoretical market for that product or service.
Example
High market penetration ensures competitive dominance.
Высокая рыночная проникаемость обеспечивает конкурентное превосходство.
B1 noun /ˈpiː.nʌt/

Peanut

арахис
Meaning
an edible seed that grows underground and is commonly eaten as a snack or used in cooking
Example
Roasted peanuts are a popular snack in many countries.
Жареные арахисы — популярная закуска во многих странах.
B1 noun dɪˈfens

defense

оборона
Meaning
The action of defending from or resisting attack; protection from harm or danger.
Example
Defense was one of the central subjects.
Оборона была одной из центральных тем.
C1 noun /əˌfɪl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/

affiliation

аффилиация
Meaning
The state or process of affiliating or being affiliated; a connection or association.
Example
His affiliation with the company lasted for a decade.
Его аффилиация с компанией длилась десять лет.
C2 noun, adjective /ˈɡɒsəmər/

gossamer

нечто деликатное
Meaning
Something light, thin, and delicate, like a fine fabric or cobweb.
Example
The bride's veil was made of delicate gossamer fabric.
Вуаль невесты была сделана из деликатной ткани госсамера.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈkɒnstənt/

inconstant

непостоянный
Meaning
frequently changing; not consistent or dependable
Example
His inconstant moods made it difficult to work with him.
Его непостоянное настроение затрудняло работу с ним.
C1 noun /əˈpreʃ.ən/

Oppression

угнетение; насилие; тирания;
Meaning
cruel or unjust treatment or exercise of authority; the state of being subject to harsh treatment
Example
The people fought against political oppression.
Люди боролись против политического угнетения.
B1 noun /ˈmiːtər/

meter

метр
Meaning
A unit of length in the metric system equal to 100 centimeters; also, a device that measures quantity such as electricity or gas.
Example
The technician came to check the electricity meter.
Техник пришел проверять электрический счетчик.
C1 noun /strəˈtiː.dʒɪk ˈɪn.saɪts/

strategic insights

стратегические инсайты
Meaning
Deep understanding and wisdom gained through careful analysis for planning purposes.
Example
Strategic insights guide policymaking.
Стратегические инсайты направляют политику.
C2 noun /səˈlɪsɪˌtuːd/

solicitude

беспокойство, забота
Meaning
Care or concern for someone or something.
Example
His mother showed great solicitude for his safety.
Его мать проявила большую заботу о его безопасности.
B2 phrase kəˈlek.tɪv ˈæk.ʃən

collective action

коллективное действие
Meaning
Action taken by a group of people working together toward a common goal or purpose.
Example
Collective action is needed to mitigate climate change.
Необходимо коллективное действие, чтобы смягчить последствия изменения климата.
A2 noun /reɪt/

rate

ставка
Meaning
the cost or price of something, or the amount at which something happens
Example
The rate of inflation is increasing every year.
Уровень инфляции увеличивается каждый год.
C1 noun /ɪˈlɛk.trəʊ.laɪts/

electrolytes

электролиты
Meaning
Minerals in body fluids that carry an electric charge and are essential for many bodily functions.
Example
Electrolytes help maintain proper fluid balance in the body.
Электролиты помогают поддерживать правильный баланс жидкости в организме.
C2 verb /ɛmˈbɔs/

emboss

украшать выпуклым рисунком
Meaning
to decorate a surface with a raised design or pattern
Example
The invitation card was embossed with golden letters.
Пригласительная открытка была эмбоссирована золотыми буквами.
C1 verb /dɪˈzɪst/

desist

прекратить
Meaning
to stop doing something, especially an action considered wrong or undesirable
Example
The judge ordered the company to desist from unfair practices.
Судья приказал компании прекратить нечестные практики.
C1 noun /pəˈsweɪsɪvnes/

persuasiveness

убедительность
Meaning
The quality of being good at persuading someone to do or believe something.
Example
Her persuasiveness convinced the team to follow her suggestions.
Ее убедительность убедила команду следовать ее предложениям.
B1 adverb /ˈfeər.li/

Fairly

справедливо; умеренно; разумно
Meaning
in a just manner; moderately; reasonably
Example
The test was fairly easy, but some questions were challenging.
Тест был довольно легким, но некоторые вопросы были сложными.
B2 adjective /əkˈsɛsəbl/

accessible

доступный
Meaning
easy to reach, use, or understand
Example
The museum is easily accessible by public transport.
Музей легко доступен на общественном транспорте.
C1 noun, adjective /dɪˈrɪvətɪv/

derivative

дериватив
Meaning
Something that is based on another source; in math, a measure of how a function changes.
Example
The film was criticized for being too derivative of earlier works.
Фильм был раскритикован за слишком большое сходство с предыдущими работами.
C2 noun /ˈrɛd.ə.ləns/

redolence

аромат
Meaning
a pleasant smell or the quality of suggesting something strongly
Example
The redolence of jasmine filled the evening air.
Аромат жасмина наполнил вечерний воздух.
B2 verb /rɪˈkruːt/

recruit

рекрутировать
Meaning
to enlist or hire people for a job, service, or membership
Example
The company is trying to recruit more software engineers.
Компания пытается нанять больше инженеров-программистов.
B2 noun /ˈpɑːrtɪkəl/

particle

частица
Meaning
a very small piece or amount of something
Example
Dust particles floated in the air near the window.
Пылевые частицы плавали в воздухе возле окна.
C2 noun /liːən/

lien

залог
Meaning
A legal right to keep possession of property until a debt is paid.
Example
The bank placed a lien on the house until the mortgage was cleared.
Банк наложил залог на дом, пока ипотека не была погашена.
C1 verb /præns/

prance

гордо шагать
Meaning
To move with high, springy steps, often to show off or attract attention.
Example
The horse pranced around the field gracefully.
Лошадь гордо шагала по полю.
C2 noun /ˈkɪldʒɔɪ/

killjoy

зануда
Meaning
a person who spoils the fun or enjoyment of others
Example
Don’t be a killjoy at the party.
Не будь занудой на вечеринке.
B2 noun /ˈfɪks.tʃər/

fixture

постоянный объект, установленное оборудование
Meaning
a permanent or fixed object, often in a house or building
Example
The bathroom fixture was installed yesterday.
Сантехническое оборудование было установлено вчера.
C2 noun /ˈsɪnjuː/

sinew

сухожилие
Meaning
A tendon; figuratively, the source of strength, power, or resilience.
Example
The sinews in his arms stood out as he lifted the heavy box.
Сухожилия в его руках выделялись, когда он поднял тяжелую коробку.
A2 adjective /ˈkɒmɪk/

comic

комический
Meaning
causing or meant to cause laughter
Example
The movie had several comic scenes.
В фильме было несколько комических сцен.
B1 adjective /ˈdiːsənt/

decent

приличный
Meaning
conforming to standards of propriety, good taste, or morality
Example
He found a decent job after months of searching.
Он нашел приличную работу после месяцев поисков.
C1 adjective /ˈlɔː.ləs/

Lawless

беззаконие; анархия; беспорядок; преступник
Meaning
without law; anarchic; unruly; criminal
Example
The frontier town was known for its lawless behavior and chaos.
Приграничный город был известен своим беззаконием и хаосом.
C1 adjective /ˈhiːdləs/

heedless

беспечный
Meaning
showing a reckless lack of care or attention
Example
He drove with heedless disregard for the rules.
Он ехал с беспечным пренебрежением к правилам.
C2 adjective /ˈlaɪðsəm/

lithesome

гибкий и грациозный
Meaning
gracefully flexible and supple
Example
Her lithesome figure allowed her to move like a ballerina.
Её гибкая фигура позволяла ей двигаться как балерина.
B2 noun /ˌdʒen.əˈrɒs.ə.ti/

Generosity

щедрость
Meaning
the quality of being kind and generous; willingness to give money, help, kindness freely
Example
The billionaire's generosity was evident in his numerous charitable donations to hospitals.
Щедрость миллиардера была очевидна в его многочисленных благотворительных пожертвованиях больницам.
C2 noun (plural) /ˈɔːspɪsɪz/

auspices

покровительство
Meaning
Patronage, support, or guidance, often used in the phrase 'under the auspices of'.
Example
The conference was held under the auspices of the United Nations.
Конференция прошла под эгидой ООН.
B2 verb (phrasal) /ˈpæs ˌɔːf/

pass-off

выдать что-то ложное за настоящее; притворяться
Meaning
to present something or someone falsely as something else; to pretend or deceive
Example
He tried to pass off the fake watch as a luxury brand.
Он попытался выдать подделку за дорогой бренд.
C1 noun ˈkeɪ.dəns

cadence

ритм речи с подъемом и падением тона
Meaning
The rhythm and flow of speech with rise and fall in tone.
Example
His speech had a natural cadence that captivated the audience.
Его речь имела естественную каденцию, которая очаровала аудиторию.
B2 noun /ˈmɔːl.tə/

Malta

Meaning
a sweet citrus fruit similar to orange, also known as blood orange or sweet orange
Example
Malta is a popular citrus fruit in Bangladesh known for its sweet taste and high vitamin C content.
C2 adjective /ˈhoʊm.spʌn/

homespun

домашний
Meaning
Simple and unsophisticated; made at home rather than in a factory.
Example
She wore a homespun dress to the village festival.
Она носила домашнее платье на деревенском фестивале.
C2 adjective ˈtɛnsaɪl

tensile

растяжимый
Meaning
Relating to tension; capable of being stretched.
Example
The tensile strength of the material is crucial for the construction project.
Растяжимость материала важна для строительного проекта.
B1 noun /ˌsaʊθˈiːst/

southeast

юго-восток
Meaning
the direction that is between south and east; a region in that direction
Example
The city is located in the southeast of the country.
Город находится на юго-востоке страны.
C1 noun /ˈderˌdevəl/

daredevil

авантюрист
Meaning
A person who enjoys doing dangerous or risky things.
Example
The stunt was performed by a famous daredevil.
Трюк был выполнен известным авантюристом.
C2 noun /ˌnjʊə.rəʊˈdʒɛn.ɪ.sɪs/

neurogenesis

образование новых нервных клеток
Meaning
The process of forming new nerve cells in the brain.
Example
Scientists are studying neurogenesis to understand brain health.
Ученые изучают нейрогенез, чтобы понять здоровье мозга.
C2 noun /ˈdɛrɪk/

derrick

буровая вышка
Meaning
A framework or tower used for supporting a crane, especially for oil drilling or lifting heavy loads.
Example
The workers assembled a derrick at the oil drilling site.
Рабочие собрали буровую вышку на нефтяной буровой площадке.
C2 verb /ʌnˈkaʊtʃ/

uncouch

удалить с дивана (редкое значение)
Meaning
to remove from a couch or to release from being laid down (rare/archaic usage)
Example
The surgeon attempted to uncouch the cataract.
Хирург пытался удалить катаракту.
C1 noun /ˈsɒlstɪs/

solstice

солнцестояние
Meaning
the two times in the year when the sun is at its greatest distance from the equator (summer and winter solstice)
Example
People celebrate the summer solstice with festivals and rituals.
Люди празднуют летнее солнцестояние с фестивалями и ритуалами.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈvɔɪst/

unvoiced

невыраженный
Meaning
not expressed in speech; in phonetics, a sound produced without vocal cord vibration
Example
The student kept her opinion unvoiced during the meeting.
Студентка оставила свое мнение невыраженным во время встречи.
C1 verb /kliːv/

cleave

раскалывать, разрубать
Meaning
to split or divide; to cut through forcefully
Example
He used an axe to cleave the wood.
Он использовал топор, чтобы расколоть дерево.
C2 noun /ˈɪsməs/ or /ˈɪsθməs/

isthmus

перешеек
Meaning
A narrow strip of land connecting two larger land areas, often with water on either side.
Example
The Panama Canal cuts through the Isthmus of Panama.
Панамский канал проходит через перешеек Панамы.
C1 noun/verb /ˈprɛdɪkət/ (noun), /ˈprɛdɪkeɪt/ (verb)

predicate

предикат / основывать на
Meaning
noun: the part of a sentence that tells something about the subject; verb: to base or establish something on a particular idea
Example
His theory is predicated on sound research.
Его теория основана на надежных исследованиях.
A2 noun /rɒk/

rock

скала
Meaning
a large, solid piece of mineral matter
Example
The mountain was made of solid rock.
Гора была сделана из твердой скалы.
C1 noun /ˈper.ɪ.wɪŋ.kəl/

Periwinkle

барвинок
Meaning
a small trailing plant with violet-blue or white flowers
Example
Purple periwinkles covered the garden ground beautifully.
Фиолетовые барвинки красиво покрывали землю сада.
C2 noun /ˈdɒkɪt/

docket

список
Meaning
a list or schedule of cases to be tried in a court or items to be done
Example
The judge reviewed the docket before starting the session.
Судья просмотрел список до начала заседания.
B1 verb /rɪˈspɒnd/

respond

отвечать
Meaning
to give an answer or reply; to react to something
Example
Please respond to my email as soon as possible.
Пожалуйста, ответьте на моё письмо как можно скорее.
B1 adjective /fɜːrm/

Firm

жёсткий; твёрдый; сильный; не поддающийся давлению
Meaning
solid; stable; strong; not yielding to pressure
Example
She has a firm grip on the rope.
У неё твёрдое хватание за верёвку.
C1 noun ˈnuːkliəs

nucleus

ядро
Meaning
The central core of an atom containing protons and neutrons.
Example
The nucleus consists of protons.
Ядро состоит из протонов.
B2 adverb /ˈəʊvəli/

overly

чрезмерно
Meaning
to an excessive degree or extent
Example
She was overly concerned about the results.
Она была чрезмерно обеспокоена результатами.
A1 adjective /ˈdɪf.ər.ənt/

different

различный
Meaning
Not the same as another; distinct or unlike.
Example
Her opinion was completely different from mine.
Её мнение было совершенно другим, чем моё.
B2 noun /ˈɪnfənt/

infant

младенец
Meaning
A very young child or baby.
Example
The infant was sleeping peacefully in the cradle.
Младенец мирно спал в колыбели.
C2 adjective /ˌrɒŋˈhɛd.ɪd/

wrongheaded

с ошибочными идеями
Meaning
Having or showing bad judgment or stubbornly holding to wrong ideas.
Example
The policy was considered wrongheaded and harmful.
Политика была признана ошибочной и вредной.
B1 noun /ʃel/

Shell

оболочка
Meaning
hard outer covering of an animal; explosive projectile for a gun
Example
The artillery fired a shell at the enemy position.
Армия выстрелила снаряд в позицию противника.
C2 verb /ˈrævɪʃ/

ravish

очаровывать
Meaning
To fill with intense delight; to captivate or enchant.
Example
The beauty of the sunset ravished the travelers.
Красота заката очаровала путешественников.
B2 noun /ˌbɛnɪˈfɪʃəri/

beneficiary

бенефициар
Meaning
a person who receives something, especially money or property, from a will or insurance policy
Example
She is the sole beneficiary of her father’s estate.
Она является единственным бенефициаром имущества своего отца.
C1 noun /pəˈfjuː.mər.i/

perfumery

парфюмерная промышленность
Meaning
the art, business, or products of making perfumes
Example
She works in a perfumery that creates luxury scents.
Она работает в парфюмерии, которая создает роскошные ароматы.
C1 noun /ˈhɑː.mɪ.saɪd/

Homicide

убийство
Meaning
the deliberate and unlawful killing of one person by another; murder
Example
The detective was assigned to investigate the homicide that occurred downtown last night.
Детектив был назначен для расследования убийства, которое произошло в центре города прошлой ночью.
B1 adjective /kriˈeɪtɪv/

creative

креативный
Meaning
Having the ability to produce new and original ideas or things.
Example
She is very creative in her writing.
Она очень креативна в своем письме.
C2 noun /ˈɪmpjʊdəns/

impudence

наглость
Meaning
Rude and disrespectful behavior.
Example
The student's impudence shocked the entire class.
Наглость студента шокировала весь класс.
B2 noun /doʊ/

dough

тесто
Meaning
a mixture of flour, water, and other ingredients used to make bread or pastries
Example
She kneaded the dough for ten minutes before baking.
Она месила тесто десять минут, прежде чем его испечь.
B2 adjective /ˈrɪdən/

ridden

пронизан
Meaning
Full of or dominated by something unpleasant.
Example
The country was ridden with corruption.
Страна была пронизана коррупцией.
B2 noun /ˈfriːˌlænsər/

freelancer

фрилансер
Meaning
A person who works independently without being permanently employed by one organization.
Example
She works as a freelancer designing websites for different clients.
Она работает фрилансером, создавая сайты для разных клиентов.
C1 noun ˈælərdʒən

allergen

вещества, вызывающие аллергическую реакцию
Meaning
A substance that causes an allergic reaction.
Example
Pollen is a common allergen that affects many people.
Пыльца — это обычный аллерген, который влияет на многих людей.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈhɑːrtənd/

Disheartened

подавленный
Meaning
discouraged; feeling dejected; losing hope or confidence
Example
She felt disheartened after failing the exam twice.
Она чувствовала себя подавленной после того, как дважды не сдала экзамен.
B2 adjective /ˈplɛʒərəbl/

pleasurable

приятный, доставляющий удовольствие
Meaning
giving pleasure or enjoyment
Example
Reading a good book is a pleasurable activity.
Чтение хорошей книги - это приятное занятие.
A2 noun /dɪˈlɪv.ə.ri/

Delivery

доставка; роды
Meaning
the action of delivering letters, parcels, or goods; the process of giving birth
Example
The delivery of the package was delayed due to bad weather conditions.
Доставка посылки была задержана из-за плохих погодных условий.
A2 pronoun /ɪtˈsɛlf/

itself

сам
Meaning
Used to emphasize the thing just mentioned; by its own power or effort.
Example
The cat cleaned itself after eating.
Кошка вычистила себя после еды.
C2 adjective /ˈfer.əs/

ferrous

содержащий железо
Meaning
containing or consisting of iron
Example
Ferrous metals are commonly used in construction.
Ферросплавы часто используются в строительстве.
B2 noun /ˈmaɪnɪŋ/

mining

добыча
Meaning
the process of extracting valuable minerals or other resources from the earth
Example
Mining in this area has increased in recent years.
Добыча полезных ископаемых в этом регионе возросла в последние годы.
C1 adjective /ˌsuː.pəˈsɒn.ɪk/

Supersonic

быстрее скорости звука; относящийся к скоростям, превышающим скорость звука
Meaning
faster than the speed of sound; relating to speeds greater than the speed of sound
Example
The supersonic jet broke the sound barrier.
Сверхзвуковой самолет преодолел звуковой барьер.
B2 noun /əˈstrɒnəmər/

astronomer

астроном
Meaning
a scientist who studies the stars, planets, and the universe
Example
The astronomer observed the new comet through his telescope.
Астроном наблюдал новый комету через свой телескоп.
C1 noun /ˈɡriːvəns/

grievance

счастье
Meaning
A real or imagined cause for complaint, especially unfair treatment.
Example
The workers voiced their grievances to the management.
Она не могла скрыть своего счастья, когда получила награду.
B2 noun /biːt/

Beet

свекла
Meaning
a plant with a round dark red root that is eaten as a vegetable
Example
Roasted beet with goat cheese makes a delicious salad.
Запеченная свекла с козьим сыром делает вкусный салат.
A1 adverb /ɔːlˈredi/

Already

уже; заранее; до этого
Meaning
before now; by this time; previously
Example
I have already finished my homework for today.
Я уже закончил домашку на сегодня.
C2 noun /ˈkæʒuɪstri/

casuistry

казуистика
Meaning
The use of clever but false reasoning, especially in relation to moral questions.
Example
The lawyer’s argument was dismissed as mere casuistry.
Аргумент адвоката был отклонен как простая казуистика.
B2 verb ˈmɪnɪmaɪz

minimize

минимизировать
Meaning
Reduce (something, especially something unwanted or unpleasant) to the smallest possible amount or degree.
Example
Efforts should be made to minimize plastic usage.
Необходимо принять меры по минимизации использования пластика.
C2 noun /troʊθ/

troth

обет, верность
Meaning
Faith or loyalty when pledged in a solemn agreement or vow, especially in marriage.
Example
He pledged his troth to her before the gathering.
Он пообещал свою верность ей перед собранием.