autopsy
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C1 noun, verb /ˈɔːtɒpsi/

autopsy

автопсия
Meaning
a post-mortem examination to discover the cause of death or the extent of disease
Example
The autopsy revealed that the victim had died from poisoning.
Автопсия показала, что жертва умерла от отравления.
C1 noun /pluːm/

plume

большое, мягкое перо или что-то, напоминающее перо
Meaning
a large, soft feather or something resembling a feather
Example
The soldier wore a red plume on his helmet.
Солдат носил красное перо на своем шлеме.
C1 noun /ˈpiːɒn/

peon

пион
Meaning
a low-ranking worker, often performing menial tasks
Example
The office peon delivered the files to each department.
Офисный пион доставил файлы в каждый отдел.
C1 adjective/adverb /ɡəˈlɔːr/

galore

в изобилии
Meaning
In large amounts; abundant or plentiful.
Example
There were books galore in the old library.
В старой библиотеке было много книг.
C1 noun /kəˈmɪtl̩/

committal

арест / заключение
Meaning
The action of sending a person to prison or a mental hospital; also the act of committing something to a particular place.
Example
The judge ordered the committal of the accused to custody.
Судья приказал отправить обвиняемого в заключение.
C1 verb /kəmˈpjuːt/

compute

вычислить
Meaning
To calculate or determine by using a computer or mathematical methods.
Example
The software can compute the total cost in seconds.
Программное обеспечение может вычислить общую стоимость за секунды.
C1 noun /ˈmʌltɪtuːd/

multitude

множество
Meaning
A large number of people or things.
Example
A multitude of fans gathered at the stadium.
Множество фанатов собрались на стадионе.
C1 noun ˌdep.əˈzɪʃ.ən

deposition

депозиция, процесс отложения чего-либо
Meaning
The action of depositing something; the laying down of matter by a natural process.
Example
River deposition leads to the formation of new landmasses.
Депозиция рек приводит к образованию новых земельных масс.
C1 noun ˌlɪb.ərˈeɪ.ʃən

liberation

освобождение
Meaning
The action of setting someone free from imprisonment, slavery, or oppression; release.
Example
Liberation movements inspired many countries.
Движения освобождения вдохновили многие страны.
C1 noun prəˈpʌl.ʃən

propulsion

пропульсия
Meaning
The action of driving or pushing forward.
Example
Jet engines provide propulsion for aircraft to travel long distances.
Реактивные двигатели обеспечивают пропульсию для самолетов, чтобы преодолевать большие расстояния.
C1 noun /ˌrev.əˈluː.ʃən.ər.i ˈbreɪk.θruː/

revolutionary breakthrough

революционное открытие
Meaning
A sudden, dramatic, and important discovery or development that changes everything.
Example
Robotic surgery is a revolutionary breakthrough in healthcare.
Роботизированная хирургия — это революционное открытие в области здравоохранения.
C1 verb /ˈɒp.tɪ.maɪz/

optimize

оптимизировать
Meaning
To make the best or most effective use of a situation, opportunity, or resource.
Example
The company is working to optimize its supply chain.
Компания работает над оптимизацией своей цепочки поставок.
C1 verb /rɪˈtrækt/

retract

Meaning
to withdraw a statement, promise, or part of the body; to pull back
Example
The company retracted its earlier statement after realizing the error.
C1 noun, adjective /ˌæntiˈsɛptɪk/

antiseptic

антисептик; антисептический
Meaning
A substance that prevents the growth of disease-causing microorganisms; clean and free from germs.
Example
The nurse applied an antiseptic to the wound.
Медсестра обработала рану антисептиком.
C1 verb ɪˈnɔː.ɡjə.reɪ.tɪd

inaugurated

открыт
Meaning
Begin or introduce (a system, policy, or period) formally.
Example
The organization was inaugurated officially.
Организация была официально открыта.
C1 verb, noun /mjuːz/

muse

Meaning
to think deeply about something; a source of inspiration, especially for an artist or writer
Example
She sat by the window to muse about her future.
C1 noun /ˈprɒvɪdəns/

providence

божественное провидение
Meaning
the protective care of God or nature as a spiritual power; foresight or prudence
Example
They believed their survival was due to divine providence.
Они верили, что их выживание было обусловлено божественным провидением.
C1 verb /ˈbrændɪʃ/

brandish

махать
Meaning
to wave or flourish something, especially a weapon, in a threatening or showy way
Example
He brandished a sword to scare off the intruders.
Он размахивал мечом, чтобы испугать нарушителей.
C1 adjective /ɪˈniː.bri.eɪ.tɪd/

inebriated

пьяный
Meaning
under the influence of alcohol; drunk
Example
He stumbled into the room completely inebriated.
Он вошел в комнату, полностью пьяный.
C1 adjective /sɪmˈfɒnɪk/

symphonic

симфонический
Meaning
relating to or having the character of a symphony or symphony orchestra
Example
The concert featured a symphonic masterpiece.
Концерт представил симфоническое произведение.
C1 noun /ˈbuːt.stræp.ɪŋ/

bootstrapping

самофинансирование
Meaning
Starting a business with personal resources or small investments without external funding or venture capital.
Example
Many entrepreneurs rely on bootstrapping to launch their businesses.
Многие предприниматели полагаются на бутстрэппинг для запуска своих бизнесов.
C1 noun /beɪn/

bane

проклятие
Meaning
A cause of great distress, harm, or annoyance.
Example
Traffic jams are the bane of city life.
Пробки — это проклятие городской жизни.
C1 noun /huːf/

Hoof

копыто
Meaning
the hard part covering the foot of horses, cattle, sheep, and other animals
Example
The horse's hoof was injured after stepping on a sharp rock.
Копыто лошади было повреждено после того, как оно наступило на острый камень.
C1 noun ˈtɑksɪk ɪˈmɪʃənz

toxic emissions

токсичные выбросы
Meaning
Harmful or poisonous substances released into the environment, especially the atmosphere.
Example
Toxic emissions from vehicles pollute the atmosphere.
Токсичные выбросы от автомобилей загрязняют атмосферу.
C1 adjective /wɒn/

wan

бледный
Meaning
looking pale or sickly; lacking color or vitality
Example
After the long illness, his face looked wan and tired.
После долгой болезни его лицо выглядело бледным и усталым.
C1 adjective /ˈpɒs.tʃə.məs/

Posthumous

посмертный
Meaning
occurring or continuing after death; published after the author's death
Example
The author received a posthumous award for his last novel.
Автор получил посмертную премию за свой последний роман.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrˌfɑːðər/

forefather

предок
Meaning
an ancestor, especially one who was part of an earlier generation of a family or nation
Example
Our forefathers fought for independence.
Наши предки боролись за независимость.
C1 noun /ˌætəˈʃeɪ/

attache

дипломатический атташе
Meaning
A person officially assigned to the staff of a diplomatic mission, often with a specific area of responsibility.
Example
The cultural attache organized an art exhibition in the embassy.
Культурный атташе организовал художественную выставку в посольстве.
C1 noun /ˈniːdəlwɜːrk/

needlework

работа с иглой, вышивка
Meaning
The craft of sewing, embroidery, or knitting done with a needle.
Example
Her grandmother taught her the art of needlework.
Ее бабушка научила ее искусству работы с иглой.
C1 adjective /hɪpˈnɒtɪk/

hypnotic

гипнотический
Meaning
Producing sleep or a trance-like state; mesmerizing.
Example
The music had a hypnotic effect on the audience.
Музыка оказала гипнотическое влияние на аудиторию.
C1 noun /rɪˈvɒl.vər/

Revolver

револьвер
Meaning
a pistol with revolving chambers enabling several shots to be fired without reloading
Example
The detective drew his revolver from its holster.
Детектив вытащил свой револьвер из кобуры.
C1 noun /bəˈrɑːʒ/

barrage

заградительный огонь или быстрый нападение
Meaning
a concentrated outpouring of questions, criticisms, or blows; a rapid, continuous attack
Example
The politician faced a barrage of tough questions from reporters.
Политик столкнулся с потоком трудных вопросов от репортеров.
C1 noun /əˌtɜːni ˈdʒɛnərəl/

attorney-general

генеральный прокурор
Meaning
The chief legal officer of a state or country.
Example
The attorney-general announced new reforms to strengthen justice.
Генеральный прокурор объявил о новых реформах для укрепления правосудия.
C1 noun /kwoʊ/

quo

состояние
Meaning
The existing state of affairs or situation, often used in the phrase 'status quo'.
Example
He wanted to maintain the status quo at work.
Он хотел сохранить статус-кво на работе.
C1 adjective, noun /əbˈzɔːrbənt/

absorbent

впитывающий
Meaning
able to soak up liquid, moisture, or energy easily; a material or substance that absorbs
Example
This towel is highly absorbent and dries quickly.
Это полотенце очень впитывающее и быстро сохнет.
C1 noun /ˈstɛə.rɪ.əʊˌtaɪ.pɪŋ/

stereotyping

стереотипирование
Meaning
A widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.
Example
Stereotyping people based on their race is harmful.
Стереотипирование людей на основе их расы вредно.
C1 verb /skrɔːl/

scrawl

быстро и небрежно писать
Meaning
to write or draw something quickly and carelessly, making it hard to read
Example
He scrawled his signature at the bottom of the page.
Он написал свою подпись внизу страницы.
C1 verb /ˈsʌkɪŋ/

sucking

сосать
Meaning
Drawing in a liquid, air, or other substance through the mouth or a tube by creating a vacuum; also used figuratively for something unpleasant or ineffective
Example
The baby is sucking on a pacifier.
Младенец сосет пустышку.
C1 adjective ʌnɪnˈhæbɪtəbəl

uninhabitable

непригодный для жилья
Meaning
Not suitable or safe for people to live in.
Example
Rapid urbanization can make cities uninhabitable.
Быстрая урбанизация может сделать города непригодными для жизни.
C1 verb /kraʊtʃ/

crouch

Meaning
to bend your knees and lower your body close to the ground
Example
The cat crouched before leaping at its prey.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːr.tɪ.tjuːd/

fortitude

стойкость
Meaning
Courage in pain or adversity; mental and emotional strength in facing difficulty.
Example
She faced adversity with great fortitude.
Она преодолела трудности с великим мужеством.
C1 noun /ˌdiːpɔːrˈteɪʃən/

deportation

депортация
Meaning
The act of expelling a foreigner from a country.
Example
The deportation of hundreds of workers sparked international criticism.
Депортация сотен рабочих вызвала международную критику.
C1 noun /səˈlaɪ.və/

Saliva

слюна
Meaning
the watery liquid secreted into the mouth by glands
Example
The dentist asked her to rinse the saliva from her mouth.
Стоматолог попросил её прополоскать слюну во рту.
C1 adjective /ˈreɪ.si/

racy

пикантный
Meaning
Lively, entertaining, or slightly shocking (especially in a sexual way).
Example
The novel was full of racy dialogues.
Роман был полон пикантных диалогов.
C1 adjective /əˈdɛpt/

adept

умелый
Meaning
Very skilled or proficient at something.
Example
She is adept at solving complex mathematical problems.
Она умела решать сложные математические задачи.
C1 noun /kəˈres/

Caress

ласковый жест
Meaning
a gentle or loving touch
Example
The mother's gentle caress calmed the crying baby.
Нежное прикосновение матери успокоило плачущего ребенка.
C1 verb /riːˈkæptʃər/

recapture

вновь захватывать
Meaning
To take back or regain possession of something.
Example
The army managed to recapture the lost territory.
Армия смогла вернуть потерянную территорию.
C1 adjective /ˈlɪstləs/

listless

безжизненный
Meaning
lacking energy, enthusiasm, or interest
Example
She felt listless after working long hours without rest.
Она чувствовала себя безжизненной после долгих часов работы без отдыха.
C1 noun ɪnˈdaʊmənt

endowment

пожертвование, дар
Meaning
An income or form of property given or bequeathed to someone.
Example
The university received a large endowment for research.
Университет получил большое пожертвование для исследований.
C1 adjective /ˌɪn.dɪˈspen.sə.bəl/

indispensable

необходи́мый
Meaning
Absolutely necessary, essential
Example
Water is indispensable for human survival.
Вода необходима для выживания человека.
C1 noun /rɪˈfaɪnəri/

refinery

нефтехимический завод
Meaning
an industrial facility where raw materials are processed and purified
Example
The oil refinery processes thousands of barrels daily.
Нефтехимический завод перерабатывает тысячи баррелей ежедневно.
C1 adjective /ˈtæŋ.i/

tangy

острый
Meaning
Having a strong, sharp, and pleasantly biting flavor or taste.
Example
The sauce had a tangy flavor that brightened the dish.
Соус имел острый вкус, который сделал блюдо еще более вкусным.
C1 adjective /ˈpærəmaʊnt/

paramount

в высшей степени важный
Meaning
more important than anything else; supreme
Example
Safety is of paramount importance in this factory.
Безопасность имеет высшую степень важности на этом заводе.
C1 adjective /ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃəl/

differential

дифференциальный
Meaning
Relating to or showing a difference; involving a distinction.
Example
There is a differential treatment between the two groups.
Существует дифференцированное отношение между двумя группами.
C1 verb /niːd/

knead

месить
Meaning
to work dough or clay into a uniform mixture by pressing, folding, and stretching
Example
She kneads the dough until it becomes smooth.
Она месит тесто, пока оно не станет гладким.
C1 noun /ˈvælər/

valor

доблесть
Meaning
Great courage in the face of danger, especially in battle.
Example
The soldier was honored for his valor during the war.
Солдат был награжден за свою доблесть во время войны.
C1 adjective /ˈrek.wɪ.zɪt/

Requisite

необходимый; обязательный
Meaning
made necessary by particular circumstances; required
Example
Good communication skills are requisite for this job.
Хорошие навыки общения необходимы для этой работы.
C1 adjective /ˈflæʃi/

flashy

яркий, показной
Meaning
ostentatious or showy in a way that attracts attention
Example
He drove a flashy sports car through the city streets.
Он поехал на яркой спортивной машине по улицам города.
C1 verb ˈdiː.vi.eɪt

deviate

отклоняться
Meaning
To depart from an established course or normal pattern.
Example
He tends to deviate from the original plan.
Он склонен отклоняться от оригинального плана.
C1 noun /ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛrəpi/

psychotherapy

психотерапия
Meaning
The treatment of mental disorder by psychological rather than medical means.
Example
She attended weekly psychotherapy sessions to cope with her anxiety.
Она посещала еженедельные сеансы психотерапии, чтобы справиться со своей тревожностью.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkjʊˈbeɪʃən/

incubation

процесс поддержания яиц, клеток или организмов в правильных условиях для их развития
Meaning
the process of keeping eggs, cells, or organisms in the right conditions for development
Example
The incubation of the eggs lasted for three weeks.
Инкубация яиц продолжалась три недели.
C1 verb /ˈluːbrɪkeɪt/

lubricate

смазать
Meaning
to apply oil or grease to reduce friction between surfaces
Example
The mechanic lubricated the car engine parts.
Механик смазал детали двигателя машины.
C1 noun /fɔːrˈmæl.ə.ti/

Formality

формальность
Meaning
the rigid observance of rules of convention or etiquette; a thing done simply to comply with requirements
Example
The signing of the contract was just a formality; the deal was already agreed upon.
Подписание контракта было всего лишь формальностью; сделка уже была согласована.
C1 noun /ˈhɪr.seɪ/

Hearsay

слух
Meaning
information received from other people that one cannot adequately substantiate; rumor
Example
The accusations were based on hearsay rather than concrete evidence or eyewitness testimony.
Обвинения основывались на слухах, а не на конкретных доказательствах или свидетельских показаниях.
C1 adjective /ˈɜːr.θən/

Earthen

из земли или глины; связанный с керамикой
Meaning
made of earth or clay; relating to pottery or ceramic materials
Example
The kitchen had beautiful earthen pots for storage.
На кухне стояли красивые глиняные горшки для хранения.
C1 verb /doʊt/

dote

баловать
Meaning
to show excessive love or fondness for someone or something
Example
She tends to dote on her grandchildren.
Она склонна чрезмерно баловать своих внуков.
C1 noun /aɪˈdiː.ə.lɪ.zəm/

Idealism

Идеализм
Meaning
the pursuit of high principles and noble goals; unrealistic pursuit of perfection
Example
His youthful idealism motivated him to join various social justice movements.
Его юношеский идеализм мотивировал его присоединиться к различным движениям социальной справедливости.
C1 noun /ˈɑd.ɪ.ti/

Oddity

странность
Meaning
something that is strange or unusual; a peculiar trait
Example
His habit of sleeping standing up was considered an oddity.
Его привычка спать стоя считалась странностью.
C1 adjective /ˈfrɪdʒɪd/

Frigid

ледяной; холодный
Meaning
extremely cold; freezing; icy
Example
The frigid weather made it difficult to go outside.
Холодная погода сделала трудным выход на улицу.
C1 noun /ˈlænd.slaɪd/

Landslide

оползень
Meaning
a collapse of a mass of earth or rock from a mountain or cliff; an overwhelming victory in an election
Example
Heavy rains triggered a massive landslide that blocked the mountain highway.
Сильные дожди вызвали огромный оползень, который перекрыл горное шоссе.
C1 adjective /rɪˈtæl.i.ə.tɔːr.i/

retaliatory

репрессивный
Meaning
Taking action in response to another's action, characterized as punitive, revengeful, or counteractive.
Example
The country imposed retaliatory tariffs in response to trade sanctions.
Страна ввела репрессивные тарифы в ответ на торговые санкции.
C1 noun /ˈfɛlən/

felon

преступник
Meaning
a person who has committed a serious crime
Example
The felon was sentenced to ten years in prison.
Преступник был приговорен к десяти годам тюремного заключения.
C1 adjective /ˌmer.ɪˈtɔː.ri.əs/

Meritorious

заслуженный
Meaning
deserving reward or praise; commendable; worthy of recognition
Example
His meritorious service to the community was recognized.
Его заслуженная служба обществу была признана.
C1 noun ˈrez.ɪ.djuː

residue

остаток
Meaning
A small amount of something that remains after the main part has gone or been removed.
Example
Soap residue affects appliance efficiency.
Остатки мыла влияют на эффективность приборов.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɒtɪk/

erotic

эротический
Meaning
relating to or tending to arouse sexual desire or excitement
Example
The novel contained several erotic scenes.
Роман содержал несколько эротических сцен.
C1 verb /mɑːrd/

marred

порчить
Meaning
to spoil or damage the quality or appearance of something
Example
The celebration was marred by bad weather.
Праздник был испорчен плохой погодой.
C1 verb /priːˈɛmpt/

preempt

предотвратить
Meaning
To take action in order to prevent something from happening; to take the place of something.
Example
The government acted quickly to preempt a financial crisis.
Правительство быстро приняло меры для предотвращения финансового кризиса.
C1 verb /brɔɪl/

broil

жарить на гриле
Meaning
To cook food by direct heat, usually under a grill or over a fire.
Example
She broiled the chicken until it was golden brown.
Она жарила курицу до золотистой корочки.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛnərəbəl/

Venerable

почтенный; уважаемый
Meaning
deserving respect due to age, wisdom, or character; revered
Example
The venerable professor has taught at the university for fifty years.
Почтенный профессор преподавал в университете пятьдесят лет.
C1 noun /ˈɪnlɛt/

inlet

вход
Meaning
A small arm of the sea, a lake, or a river; an opening or passage for entry.
Example
The boat entered a narrow inlet along the coast.
Лодка вошла в узкий вход вдоль побережья.
C1 adjective /tjuːˈmʌltʃuəs/

tumultuous

бурный
Meaning
Characterized by disorder, noisy excitement, or emotional agitation.
Example
They had a tumultuous relationship full of ups and downs.
У них были бурные отношения, полные взлетов и падений.
C1 noun /ˈtɛnər/

tenor

тенор / общий тон
Meaning
the general meaning, drift, or character of something; a male singing voice between baritone and alto
Example
The overall tenor of his speech was hopeful and reassuring.
Общий тенор его речи был обнадеживающим и успокаивающим.
C1 verb /bʌdʒ/

budge

Meaning
To move slightly; to change one’s opinion or position.
Example
Despite the pressure, he refused to budge from his decision.
C1 adjective /pɜːrt/

pert

озорной, но привлекательный
Meaning
attractively lively or cheeky in manner or style
Example
She gave a pert reply that made everyone laugh.
Она дала дерзкий ответ, который рассмешил всех.
C1 adjective /ˈrʌɡ.ɪd/

Rugged

шероховатый и неровный; с неровной поверхностью; крепкий и сильный
Meaning
rough and uneven; having a rough irregular surface; tough and strong
Example
The hikers crossed the rugged mountain terrain.
Путники пересекли трудный горный ландшафт.
C1 noun /ˈpɛndjələm/

pendulum

маятник
Meaning
A weight suspended from a pivot so that it swings freely, often used to regulate clocks.
Example
The pendulum swung back and forth inside the clock.
Маятник качался вперед и назад внутри часов.
C1 noun /ˌmɔːrəˈtɔːriəm/

moratorium

мораторий
Meaning
A temporary suspension or delay of an activity, law, or obligation.
Example
The government announced a moratorium on new mining licenses.
Правительство объявило мораторий на новые лицензии на добычу полезных ископаемых.
C1 noun /əˈdʒɪl.ɪ.ti/

agility

ловкость
Meaning
Ability to work quickly and easily, both physically and mentally.
Example
Mental agility is essential for problem-solving.
Ментальная ловкость необходима для решения проблем.
C1 noun /jɑːrn/

Yarn

пряжа
Meaning
spun thread used for knitting, weaving, or sewing; a long or rambling story
Example
She bought colorful yarn for knitting a sweater.
Она купила разноцветную пряжу для вязания свитера.
C1 adjective /səˈtɪrɪkəl/

satirical

сатирический
Meaning
containing or using satire to criticize or mock
Example
The satirical cartoon mocked the government's new policy.
Сатирический рисунок высмеивал новую политику правительства.
C1 verb /ˈɪnstɪˌɡeɪt/

instigate

подстрекать
Meaning
To bring about or initiate an action, often something negative.
Example
He was accused of instigating the riot.
Его обвинили в подстрекательстве к бунту.
C1 noun /ˈprəʊ.lɒɡ/

prologue

пролог
Meaning
an introduction to a book, play, or event
Example
The novel begins with a short prologue set in the past.
Роман начинается с короткого пролога, действие которого происходит в прошлом.
C1 verb /ɪˈkweɪt/

equate

приравнивать
Meaning
To consider as equal or equivalent.
Example
Many people equate wealth with success.
Многие люди приравнивают богатство к успеху.
C1 noun /sɔːd fɪʃ/

Sword fish

рыба-меч
Meaning
A large marine fish with an elongated bill resembling a sword
Example
The swordfish can swim at speeds up to 60 mph.
Рыба-меч может плавать со скоростью до 60 миль в час.
C1 adverb /pɜːr ˈseɪ/

per se

само по себе
Meaning
By or in itself; intrinsically.
Example
The idea is not bad per se, but it needs improvement.
Идея сама по себе не плоха, но требует улучшений.
C1 noun /ˈpriː.tekst/

Pretext

предлог
Meaning
a reason given in justification of a course of action that is not the real reason
Example
He used illness as a pretext to avoid the meeting.
Он использовал болезнь как предлог, чтобы избежать встречи.
C1 adjective ʌnˈmætʃt

unmatched

несравненный
Meaning
Not equaled or rivaled by any other; without equal.
Example
The freedom fighters showed unmatched bravery.
Борцы за свободу показали несравненное мужество.
C1 noun /bəˈnɛv.ə.ləns/

benevolence

благожелательность или милосердие
Meaning
The quality of being well meaning and kindly; the disposition to do good.
Example
His benevolence towards the poor earned him respect.
Его доброжелательность к бедным принесла ему уважение.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtændʒəbl/

intangible

неосязаемый
Meaning
Unable to be touched or grasped; not having a physical presence.
Example
Trust is an intangible quality in relationships.
Доверие — это неосязаемое качество в отношениях.
C1 adjective /ˈsæk.rəˌsæŋkt/

sacrosanct

неприкосновенный
Meaning
Regarded as too important or valuable to be interfered with; sacred.
Example
Freedom of speech is considered sacrosanct in democratic societies.
Свобода слова считается неприкосновенной в демократических обществах.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈseɪʃəbl̩/

insatiable

неутолимый
Meaning
impossible to satisfy; always wanting more
Example
Her insatiable curiosity drove her to read every book in the library.
Её неутолимое любопытство заставило её прочитать все книги в библиотеке.
C1 noun /ˌɪn.trəˈvɜːr.ʒən/

introversion

интроверсия
Meaning
The tendency to be inward-looking and shy, preferring solitary activities.
Example
Her introversion made it difficult for her to enjoy large parties.
Её интроверсия затрудняла ей удовольствие от больших вечеринок.
C1 noun /drɑːft/ (UK), /dræft/ (US)

draught

Meaning
a current of cool air in a room or another confined space; also a portion of liquid, especially beer, served from a barrel or cask
Example
She closed the window to keep out the cold draught.
C1 noun /əbˈzɜːvəns/

observance

соблюдение
Meaning
The practice of following a custom, rule, or religious law.
Example
The festival is held in observance of a centuries-old tradition.
Фестиваль проводится в соблюдении вековой традиции.
C1 noun /əˈsɛnʃən/

ascension

вознесение
Meaning
The act of rising or going up, often to an important position or a higher place.
Example
His rapid ascension in the company surprised everyone.
Его быстрый подъем в компании удивил всех.
C1 verb pɚˈpɛtʃ.u.eɪt

perpetuate

поддерживать что-то в непрерывной работе или сохранять это долгое время
Meaning
To keep something continuously running or maintain it for a long time.
Example
The media can sometimes perpetuate harmful stereotypes.
Медиа иногда могут увековечивать вредные стереотипы.
C1 noun /ˈpɒlɪɡɒn/

polygon

многоугольник
Meaning
a flat shape with three or more straight sides
Example
The artist drew a colorful polygon on the canvas.
Художник нарисовал цветной многоугольник на холсте.
C1 verb /dɪˈteɪn/

detain

задерживать
Meaning
to keep someone from proceeding; to hold back, especially by official authority
Example
The police detained the suspect for questioning.
Полиция задержала подозреваемого для допроса.
C1 noun /ˈnɑː.sɪ.sɪ.zəm/

narcissism

нарциссизм
Meaning
Excessive interest in or admiration of oneself; extreme selfishness.
Example
His excessive narcissism made it difficult for him to empathize with others.
Его чрезмерный нарциссизм затруднял ему сопереживать другим людям.
C1 noun /dɪˈfen.dənt/

Defendant

ответчик
Meaning
an individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law
Example
The defendant pleaded not guilty to all charges brought against him.
Ответчик заявил, что он не виновен по всем предъявленным обвинениям.
C1 verb /priːˈɛmpt/

pre-empt

Meaning
to act in advance to prevent an anticipated event from happening; forestall
Example
The government moved to pre-empt a crisis by introducing new policies.
C1 noun /ˈlɛdʒɪsleɪtər/

legislator

законодатель
Meaning
a person who makes laws, especially a member of a legislative body
Example
The legislator introduced a bill to improve healthcare.
Законодатель представил законопроект по улучшению здравоохранения.
C1 verb; noun /beltʃ/

belch

рыгать
Meaning
to expel air noisily from the stomach through the mouth; to emit or pour out suddenly and forcefully
Example
After drinking the soda, he belched loudly.
После того как он выпил газировку, он громко рыгнул.
C1 adjective /ˌpæn.əˈmer.ɪ.kən/

Pan-American

Панамериканский
Meaning
relating to all the countries of North, Central, and South America
Example
The Pan-American Games bring together athletes from across the continent.
Панамериканские игры объединяют атлетов со всего континента.
C1 verb /əˈbaʊnd/

abound

быть в избытке
Meaning
To exist in large numbers or amounts.
Example
Opportunities abound in the field of technology.
Возможности в области технологий обильны.
C1 verb /ˌʌn.dəˈtʃɑːrdʒ/

undercharge

взимать меньше
Meaning
To charge less than the correct or fair amount.
Example
The shopkeeper accidentally undercharged me for the groceries.
Продавец случайно взял с меня меньше за продукты.
C1 verb pleɪɡd

plagued

поражённый
Meaning
Troubled or afflicted persistently by problems or difficulties.
Example
People are plagued by anxiety and depression.
Люди страдают от тревоги и депрессии.
C1 noun /ˌlɛ.seɪ ˈfɛər/

laissez-faire

политика невмешательства
Meaning
An economic policy where government does not intervene in business affairs.
Example
Laissez-faire policies encourage private enterprise.
Политики laissez-faire способствуют частному предпринимательству.
C1 noun delˈteɪɪk ˈlændskeɪp

deltaic landscape

дельтовидный ландшафт
Meaning
A geographical area formed by sediment deposits at the mouth of a river, creating a triangular land formation.
Example
Bangladesh has a unique deltaic landscape.
Бангладеш имеет уникальный дельтовидный ландшафт.
C1 noun /ˈdʒiː.nəs/

genus

род
Meaning
a category in biological classification ranking above species and below family
Example
The tiger belongs to the genus Panthera.
Тигр относится к роду Panthera.
C1 adjective /ˌhaɪəˈrɑː.kɪ.kəl/

hierarchical

иерархический
Meaning
arranged in order of rank or authority
Example
The company has a strict hierarchical structure.
Компания имеет строгую иерархическую структуру.