B2 noun /ˈɔːltər/

Altar

алтарь

Meaning

a raised structure on which offerings or sacrifices are made to a deity

Example

The bride and groom stood before the altar during the ceremony.

Невеста и жених стояли перед алтарем во время церемонии.

A2 adverb /æz ˈjuː.ʒu.əl/

As usual

как обычно

Meaning

in the way that is normal or typical; customarily

Example

As usual, he arrived late to the meeting.

Как обычно, он опоздал на встречу.

C2 noun /əˈsɛt.ɪˌsɪz.əm/

asceticism

аскетизм, самодисциплина

Meaning

The practice of severe self-discipline and abstaining from indulgence, typically for religious or spiritual reasons.

Example

Asceticism has been a part of many religious traditions throughout history.

Аскетизм был частью многих религиозных традиций на протяжении всей истории.

C2 adjective /æbˈstruːs/

abstruse

непонятный

Meaning

Difficult to understand; obscure.

Example

The abstruse nature of the philosophical debate left many confused.

Сложная природа философского дебата оставила многих в замешательстве.

C1 noun ˈælərdʒən

allergen

вещества, вызывающие аллергическую реакцию

Meaning

A substance that causes an allergic reaction.

Example

Pollen is a common allergen that affects many people.

Пыльца — это обычный аллерген, который влияет на многих людей.

C2 noun /əˈbaɪdəns/

abidance

послушание

Meaning

the act of following, accepting, or complying with something

Example

Her abidance by the rules impressed the committee.

Ее послушание правилам впечатлило комитет.

B2 noun /ˌædməˈreɪʃən/

admiration

восхищение

Meaning

a feeling of respect, pleasure, or approval for someone or something

Example

She felt great admiration for her teacher’s dedication.

Она испытывала большое восхищение к своему учителю.

C1 noun /aɪ/

aye

да

Meaning

an affirmative vote or expression of agreement

Example

The committee voted aye on the proposal.

Комитет проголосовал за предложение.

B1 noun ˈɑːkɪtektʃə(r)

architecture

архитектура

Meaning

The art or science of designing and constructing buildings.

Example

Ancient architecture is fascinating.

Древняя архитектура захватывающе интересна.

B2 noun ˈæk.tɪv rɪˈkɔːl

Active recall

активное воспоминание

Meaning

A learning technique that involves actively trying to retrieve information from memory rather than passively reviewing material.

Example

Active recall improves long-term memory and retention.

Активное воспоминание улучшает долгосрочную память и удержание информации.

A2 verb /əˈtend/

attend

присутствовать

Meaning

to be present at; to give attention to; to take care of

Example

I will attend the conference next week.

Я буду присутствовать на конференции на следующей неделе.

B2 noun /ˈɑːftərmɑːθ/

aftermath

последствия

Meaning

the consequences or aftereffects of an event or situation, especially a disastrous one

Example

The aftermath of the earthquake was devastating.

Последствия землетрясения были разрушительными.

A2 adjective /ˈæfrɪkən/

african

африканский

Meaning

relating to Africa or its people

Example

She studied African culture in university.

Она изучала африканскую культуру в университете.

C2 noun/adjective /ˈæl.əˌbæs.tər/

alabaster

алебастр (белый минерал, похожий на камень)

Meaning

A fine-grained, usually white variety of gypsum, often used for carving; also describes something smooth and pale like alabaster.

Example

The statue was carved from pure alabaster.

Статуя была вырезана из чистого алебастра.

C1 adverb /əˈnjuː/

anew

заново

Meaning

In a new or different way; once more.

Example

After the failure, she decided to start her life anew.

После неудачи она решила начать свою жизнь заново.

C1 verb /əˈseɪl/

assail

атаковать

Meaning

to attack violently, either physically or with words

Example

The politician was assailed with difficult questions.

Политика атаковали трудными вопросами.

B2 adjective /ˈærəɡənt/

Arrogant

арогантный; высокомерный

Meaning

having an exaggerated sense of one's importance; proud

Example

His arrogant behavior made him very unpopular.

Его арогантное поведение сделало его очень непопулярным.

C2 adjective /ˌæntɪdəˈluːviən/

antediluvian

архаичный

Meaning

extremely old-fashioned; belonging to the time before the biblical flood

Example

His views on women are positively antediluvian.

Его взгляды на женщин совершенно архаичны.

B1 adjective /ɑːrˈtɪstɪk/

artistic

артистический

Meaning

having or revealing natural creative skill

Example

She has an artistic sense of design.

У нее есть художественное чувство дизайна.

A1 noun /ˈæp.əl/

Apple

яблоко

Meaning

a round fruit with red, green, or yellow skin and white flesh

Example

I eat an apple every day for breakfast.

Я ем яблоко каждый день на завтрак.

C2 noun /ˌænɪmædˈvɜːʒən/

animadversion

критика

Meaning

Strong criticism or censure.

Example

The policy attracted severe animadversion from the public.

Политика вызвала сильную критику со стороны общественности.

C2 noun /æmˈbroʊʒə/

ambrosia

амброзия

Meaning

The food of the gods in classical mythology; something extremely pleasing to taste or smell.

Example

The dessert was so delicious that it tasted like ambrosia.

Десерт был настолько вкусным, что он напоминал амброзию.

C2 adverb /əˈmʌk/

amuck

неистово

Meaning

in a frenzied, uncontrolled, or chaotic manner

Example

The bull ran amuck through the village.

Бык неистово бегал по деревне.

B1 noun ˈɔːdioʊ ˈlɛsənz

audio lessons

аудиоуроки

Meaning

Educational content delivered through sound recordings, typically used for language learning and skill development.

Example

Audio lessons are useful for listening skills.

Аудиоуроки полезны для развития навыков аудирования.

C2 noun /ɑːmz/

alms

милостыня

Meaning

Money, food, or goods given to the poor as charity.

Example

The monk distributed alms to the needy villagers.

Монах раздал милостыню бедным деревенским жителям.

A1 verb /ˈænsər/

answer

отвечать

Meaning

to respond to a question; to reply; to solve

Example

She will answer the phone when it rings.

Она ответит на телефон, когда он позвонит.

A2 noun /ˈɛər.laɪn/

airline

авиакомпания

Meaning

A company that provides regular flights for passengers and goods.

Example

The airline announced a discount on international tickets.

Авиакомпания объявила о скидке на международные билеты.

B2 adjective /əˈten.tɪv/

Attentive

внимательный; осторожный; настороженный

Meaning

careful to pay attention; alert and observant

Example

The attentive student listened carefully to every word the teacher said.

Внимательный студент внимательно слушал каждое слово, которое сказал учитель.

A2 verb /ˈædɪd/

added

добавленный

Meaning

to join something to something else to increase its size, number, or amount

Example

She added sugar to her coffee.

Она добавила сахар в свой кофе.

B2 noun, verb /ˈædɪkt/ (noun), /əˈdɪkt/ (verb)

addict

наркоман

Meaning

a person who is unable to stop using a harmful substance or doing something harmful; to cause someone to become dependent on something

Example

He is a video game addict who spends hours playing every day.

Он зависим от видеоигр и проводит часы, играя каждый день.

C2 noun /ˈæsɪˌteɪt/

acetate

ацетат

Meaning

a salt or ester of acetic acid; a synthetic material used in textiles and film

Example

The company produces acetate fibers for clothing.

Компания производит ацетатные волокна для одежды.

A1 noun /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

afternoon

после полудня

Meaning

The part of the day between noon and evening.

Example

We met in the afternoon for coffee.

Мы встретились после полудня, чтобы попить кофе.

C1 noun /əˈkʌmpənɪmənt/

accompaniment

сопровождение

Meaning

Something that goes together with or complements another thing, often music or food.

Example

The dish was served with a spicy sauce as an accompaniment.

Блюдо подавалось с острым соусом в качестве гарнира.

C1 adjective /ˌeɪθiˈɪstɪk/

atheistic

атеистический

Meaning

Relating to or characteristic of atheists or atheism.

Example

She grew up in an atheistic household with no religious rituals.

Она выросла в атеистической семье, где не было религиозных ритуалов.

B2 noun /æs/

Ass

осел

Meaning

a donkey; a small domesticated animal of the horse family

Example

The farmer used an ass to carry heavy loads.

Фермер использовал осла для перевозки тяжелых грузов.

C2 noun ˈɔː.tɑː.ki

autarky

автаркия, самодостаточность

Meaning

Economic independence or self-sufficiency; a policy of establishing a self-sufficient national economy.

Example

Some nations aim for autarky to reduce reliance on imports.

Некоторые страны стремятся к автаркии, чтобы сократить зависимость от импорта.

C2 noun /ˌædjʊˈleɪʃən/

adulation

чрезмерное восхищение

Meaning

excessive admiration or flattery

Example

The singer enjoyed the adulation of her fans.

Певица наслаждалась чрезмерным восхищением своих поклонников.

C2 adjective /eɪˈsɛptɪk/

aseptic

стерильный

Meaning

Free from contamination caused by harmful microorganisms; sterile.

Example

Surgeons must work in an aseptic environment to prevent infection.

Хирурги должны работать в асептической среде, чтобы предотвратить инфекции.

C1 adjective /əˈsɛndənt/

ascendant

восходящий, доминирующий

Meaning

Rising in power or influence; dominant.

Example

She is an ascendant leader in the political party.

Она является восходящей лидером в политической партии.

C1 adjective /ɔːˈdeɪ.ʃəs/

Audacious

дерзкий

Meaning

showing willingness to take bold risks; daring

Example

His audacious plan to climb the mountain without proper equipment shocked everyone.

Его дерзкий план взобраться на гору без необходимого снаряжения шокировал всех.

B2 noun /əˌdæptəˈbɪləti/

adaptability

адаптируемость

Meaning

The quality of being able to adjust to new conditions or circumstances

Example

Adaptability to changing environments is crucial in business.

Адаптируемость к меняющимся условиям важна для бизнеса.

A1 adverb /ˈɔːl.weɪz/

Always

всегда; навсегда; в любое время

Meaning

at all times; on all occasions; forever

Example

She always arrives early to work.

Она всегда приходит рано на работу.

C1 noun /əˌfɪl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/

affiliation

аффилиация

Meaning

The state or process of affiliating or being affiliated; a connection or association.

Example

His affiliation with the company lasted for a decade.

Его аффилиация с компанией длилась десять лет.

C2 noun /əˈreɪ.bi.ən ˈdʒæz.mɪn/

Arabian Jasmine

арабский жасмин

Meaning

A fragrant white flower native to South and Southeast Asia, commonly used in perfumes and religious ceremonies

Example

The Arabian jasmine filled the garden with its sweet fragrance.

Арабский жасмин наполнил сад своим сладким ароматом.

A2 conjunction /ɔːlˈðoʊ/

although

хотя

Meaning

in spite of the fact that; even though

Example

Although it was raining, they went for a walk.

Хотя шел дождь, они пошли гулять.

B1 noun /ˈɑːrtwɜːrk/

artwork

произведение искусства

Meaning

a piece of art, such as a painting, sculpture, or drawing

Example

The gallery displayed an impressive artwork by a local artist.

Галерея выставила впечатляющее произведение искусства местного художника.

B2 verb /əˈveɪl/

avail

воспользоваться

Meaning

to make use of something; to be of use or benefit

Example

You should avail yourself of this opportunity.

Тебе следует воспользоваться этой возможностью.

C2 noun /əˈkriːʃən/

accretion

аккреция

Meaning

The process of growth or increase, typically by the gradual accumulation of additional layers or matter.

Example

The accretion of wealth allowed him to invest in various projects.

Аккреция богатства позволила ему инвестировать в различные проекты.

B2 adjective /ænˈtɑːrktɪk/

antarctic

антарктический

Meaning

relating to the region around the South Pole

Example

The Antarctic region is known for its extreme cold and icy landscapes.

Антарктический регион известен своим экстремальным холодом и ледяными ландшафтами.

B2 noun ədˈvɜː.sɪ.ti

adversity

несчастье

Meaning

Difficulties; misfortune; a difficult or unpleasant situation.

Example

He remained strong in the face of adversity.

Он остался сильным перед лицом несчастья.

C1 adjective /əˈwɒʃ/

awash

затопленный

Meaning

covered or flooded with water or something in large quantities

Example

The market was awash with cheap imported goods.

Рынок был затоплен дешевыми импортными товарами.

C1 adjective /ˌæbəˈrɪdʒənəl/

aboriginal

коренной житель

Meaning

Relating to the original inhabitants of a region.

Example

The museum has a large collection of aboriginal art.

В музее есть большая коллекция аборигенной живописи.

B1 noun /əˈkaʊnt/

Account

счёт

Meaning

a record of money received and paid out; a report or description of an event

Example

She opened a savings account at the bank.

Она открыла сберегательный счёт в банке.

C1 noun /ˈɑːrdər/

ardor

страсть, энтузиазм

Meaning

Great enthusiasm or passion.

Example

She spoke with ardor about her new project.

Она говорила с страстью о своем новом проекте.

B1 noun /ˈækses/

Access

доступ

Meaning

the ability, right, or permission to approach, enter, or pass to and from a place

Example

Students have access to the library 24 hours a day.

Студенты имеют доступ в библиотеку 24 часа в сутки.

C2 verb /ænˈtɪpəθaɪz/

antipathize

антипатизировать

Meaning

to feel or express a strong dislike or aversion toward something or someone

Example

He seemed to antipathize with the new management's approach.

Он, похоже, антипатизировал подход нового руководства.

C1 adjective /ˈæʃən/

ashen

бледный

Meaning

Very pale in appearance, often due to shock, fear, or illness.

Example

His face turned ashen when he heard the terrible news.

Его лицо побледнело, когда он услышал ужасные новости.

B2 verb /ænˈtɪsɪˌpeɪt/

anticipate

ожидать

Meaning

to expect or look forward to something; to realize or foresee in advance

Example

We anticipate a large crowd at the event.

Мы ожидаем большую толпу на мероприятии.

A2 noun /əˈbɪləti/

Ability

способность; умение

Meaning

the power or skill to do something; capacity

Example

She has the ability to solve complex problems.

Она имеет способность решать сложные задачи.

C2 adjective əˈdrɔɪt

adroit

ловкий, искусный, умелый

Meaning

clever or skillful in using the hands or mind.

Example

She is adroit at solving complex problems.

Она ловка в решении сложных проблем.

C2 noun /əˈrɔɪ.oʊ/

arroyo

сухая долина

Meaning

A dry creek or stream bed that temporarily fills with water after heavy rain.

Example

After the storm, the arroyo quickly filled with rushing water.

После шторма аройо быстро заполнился водой.

B2 noun əˌkjuː.mjəˈleɪ.ʃən

accumulation

накопление

Meaning

The gradual gathering or collecting of something over time.

Example

The accumulation of dust affects appliance efficiency.

Накопление пыли влияет на эффективность бытовой техники.

B2 adjective /əˈkuːstɪk/

acoustic

акустический

Meaning

relating to sound or the sense of hearing; not amplified by electrical means

Example

We recorded an acoustic version of the song in a quiet room.

Мы записали акустическую версию песни в тихой комнате.

C1 adjective /əˈfɜːrmətɪv/

affirmative

утвердительный

Meaning

expressing agreement, approval, or a positive response

Example

She gave an affirmative answer to the proposal.

Она дала утвердительный ответ на предложение.

C2 verb /ˈɔːɡər/

augur

предсказывать

Meaning

To be a sign of something to come; to predict or foretell.

Example

Dark clouds augur a coming storm.

Тёмные облака предсказывают приближающийся шторм.

C1 verb /ɔːɡˈmɛnt/

augment

увеличить

Meaning

To increase or strengthen something.

Example

The company plans to augment its workforce.

Компания планирует увеличить свою рабочую силу.

A2 noun /ˈæk.ʃən/

Action

действие; поступок

Meaning

the process of doing something; something that is done

Example

We need to take action to solve this problem.

Нам нужно принять меры для решения этой проблемы.

C1 noun /ˌæktʃuˈæləti/

actuality

реальность

Meaning

The state of existing in reality rather than in appearance or imagination.

Example

The movie was based on historical actuality.

Фильм был основан на исторической реальности.

C2 noun /ˈæl.kə.laɪ ækt/

Alkali Act

Акт об алкалиях

Meaning

A British law passed in 1863 to regulate the emission of hydrochloric acid gas from alkali works, representing one of the first pieces of environmental legislation.

Example

The Alkali Act of 1863 was one of the first environmental laws.

Акт об алкалиях 1863 года был одним из первых экологических законов.

C1 verb /ˈeɪ.li.ə.neɪt/

alienate

отчуждать

Meaning

To make someone feel isolated or estranged; to cause someone to become unfriendly.

Example

His rude behavior alienated many of his friends.

Его грубое поведение отчуждало многих его друзей.

C1 noun /ˈælɪɡəri/

allegory

аллегория

Meaning

a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, often moral or political

Example

The novel is an allegory of the struggle between good and evil.

Роман является аллегорией борьбы между добром и злом.

C2 noun /ˈænθrəsaɪt/

anthracite

антрацит

Meaning

A hard, shiny form of coal that burns with little smoke and a high heat value.

Example

The factory used anthracite as its primary fuel source.

Фабрика использовала антрацит в качестве основного источника топлива.

C2 verb /ˈæd.l̩/

addle

сбивать с толку

Meaning

To confuse or muddle someone’s mind.

Example

The complicated instructions only served to addle him.

Сложные инструкции только сбили его с толку.

B2 adjective ədˈmɪn.ɪ.strə.tɪv

administrative

административный

Meaning

Relating to the running of a business, organization, etc.; concerned with or relating to management or administration.

Example

Administrative reforms improve efficiency.

Административные реформы улучшают эффективность.

B2 noun /əkˌseləˈreɪʃən/

acceleration

ускорение

Meaning

the rate at which velocity changes over time; the act of speeding up

Example

The car showed rapid acceleration as it entered the highway.

Автомобиль показал быстрое ускорение при выезде на шоссе.

C2 adjective /əˈsɛt.ɪk/

ascetic

аскетический

Meaning

Practicing strict self-denial and abstaining from worldly pleasures, often for religious reasons.

Example

He lived an ascetic life in the mountains, far from worldly comforts.

Он вел аскетическую жизнь в горах, вдали от мирских удобств.

B1 verb /əˈdʒʌst/

adjust

настроить

Meaning

to change something slightly to make it more suitable or effective

Example

She adjusted the mirror to see the road clearly.

Она отрегулировала зеркало, чтобы увидеть дорогу четко.

C1 noun /ˈɑːrmfʊl/

armful

плечо

Meaning

As much as can be carried in one or both arms.

Example

She carried an armful of books into the library.

Она несла плечо книг в библиотеку.

C1 noun /ˈæmplɪtjuːd/

amplitude

амплитуда

Meaning

the maximum extent of a vibration or oscillation, or the size of something

Example

The amplitude of the earthquake was measured on the Richter scale.

Амплитуда землетрясения была измерена по шкале Рихтера.

C2 adjective /ˌæp.rɪˈhen.sə.bəl/

Apprehensible

понятный

Meaning

able to be understood or grasped; comprehensible

Example

The complex theory became apprehensible after the professor's explanation.

Сложная теория стала понятной после объяснения профессора.

B1 noun /ədˈvæns/

Advance

прогресс; развитие; предоплата

Meaning

progress or development; movement forward; money paid before it is due

Example

Technology has made great advances in recent years.

Технологии сделали большие успехи в последние годы.

C2 noun /ˌæv.oʊˈkeɪ.ʃən/

avocation

увлечение

Meaning

a hobby or minor occupation pursued in addition to one's main work

Example

Painting is his avocation after office hours.

Живопись — его увлечение после рабочего дня.

B1 noun /ˈæbsəns/

Absence

отсутствие

Meaning

the state of being away from a place or person; lack or non-existence

Example

His absence from the meeting was noticed by everyone.

Его отсутствие на собрании заметили все.

A2 noun /ˈɔːtəm/

autumn

осень

Meaning

the season between summer and winter, when leaves fall from trees

Example

The trees look beautiful in autumn, with colorful leaves falling.

Деревья выглядят красиво осенью, с падающими разноцветными листьями.

A2 verb /əˈpɪə/

appear

появиться

Meaning

to become visible or come into sight; to seem

Example

She appeared suddenly at the door.

Она появилась внезапно у двери.

C1 noun /ˈæntɪˌdoʊt/

antidote

антидот

Meaning

A substance that neutralizes the effects of a poison; something that relieves or counteracts.

Example

The doctor quickly administered an antidote to the snake venom.

Доктор быстро ввел антидот от яда змеи.

C1 noun /ænˈθɒlədʒi/

anthology

антология

Meaning

A collection of literary works, such as poems, short stories, or essays, compiled into one volume.

Example

She contributed a poem to the new poetry anthology.

Она внесла стихотворение в новую поэтическую антологию.

A2 noun /əˈpɑːrtmənt/

apartment

квартира

Meaning

a set of rooms forming a residence within a building

Example

She rented an apartment in the city center.

Она арендовала квартиру в центре города.

C1 adjective /ˈæntɪkweɪtɪd/

antiquated

устаревший

Meaning

Old-fashioned or outdated.

Example

The office still uses an antiquated filing system.

Офис всё ещё использует устаревшую систему хранения.

B2 noun /əˈkɔːrdəns/

accordance

соответствие

Meaning

agreement or harmony with something; compliance with rules, laws, or wishes

Example

The policy was implemented in accordance with international law.

Политика была реализована в соответствии с международным правом.

B2 noun /əˈbjuːs/

Abuse

злоупотребление; насилие;

Meaning

cruel and violent treatment; improper use of something

Example

The abuse of power led to his resignation.

Злоупотребление властью привело к его отставке.

C1 verb /əbˈdʌkt/

abduct

похищать

Meaning

to take someone away illegally by force or deception

Example

The criminal tried to abduct the child in broad daylight.

Преступник пытался похитить ребёнка средь бела дня.

A2 noun ækt

act

закон

Meaning

A written law passed by a legislative body.

Example

The act was passed in 2023.

Закон был принят в 2023 году.

C1 adverb /əˈlɒft/

aloft

высоко

Meaning

Up in or into the air; overhead.

Example

The kite was flying aloft in the clear sky.

Воздушный змей летал высоко в ясном небе.

C1 adverb /əˈlɜːrtli/

alertly

бдительно

Meaning

in a watchful, attentive, and quick-to-notice manner

Example

She listened alertly to every sound in the dark forest.

Она бдительно прислушивалась к каждому звуку в тёмном лесу.

C2 noun (plural) /əˈspɜːr.ʒənz/

aspersions

клевета

Meaning

Critical or slanderous remarks; multiple attacks on reputation.

Example

The politician rejected the aspersions cast against him.

Политик отклонил клевету, выдвинутую против него.

C2 noun /ˈæn.dʒi.əʊ.plæs.ti/

angioplasty

медицинская процедура для открытия заблокированных или суженных кровеносных сосудов, которые поставляют кровь к сердцу

Meaning

A medical procedure to open blocked or narrowed blood vessels that supply blood to the heart.

Example

Angioplasty is now safer with robotic assistance.

Ангиопластика теперь безопаснее с роботизированной помощью.

C2 noun /ˌænθrəpəˈsɛntrɪzəm/

anthropocentrism

антропоцентризм

Meaning

The belief that human beings are the most important or central element of existence.

Example

Anthropocentrism often shapes environmental policies.

Антропоцентризм часто формирует экологическую политику.

C1 noun /æbˈdʌk.ʃən/

abduction

похищение

Meaning

the act of taking someone away illegally by force; kidnapping

Example

The police are investigating the abduction of the child.

Полиция расследует похищение ребенка.

B2 noun ˈæsɛt

asset

актив

Meaning

A useful or valuable thing, person, or quality.

Example

Real estate is one of the most valuable assets.

Недвижимость - один из самых ценных активов.

B2 noun/adjective /ˌædəˈlɛsənt/

adolescent

подросток

Meaning

A young person in the process of developing from a child into an adult.

Example

Adolescents often experience rapid physical and emotional changes.

Подростки часто испытывают быстрые физические и эмоциональные изменения.

C1 adjective /ˈɔː.də.bəl/

Audible

слышимый

Meaning

able to be heard; loud enough to hear

Example

The speaker's voice was barely audible from the back of the large hall.

Голос спикера едва был слышен с задней части большого зала.

B2 verb /ˈæktɪveɪt/

activate

активировать

Meaning

to make something start or function

Example

She pressed the button to activate the machine.

Она нажала на кнопку, чтобы активировать машину.

B1 noun /əˈsɪstəns/

Assistance

помощь; поддержка

Meaning

the action of helping someone with a job or task; support

Example

She offered her assistance with the project.

Она предложила свою помощь в проекте.

C2 verb /əˈdjuːs/

adduce

предоставить доказательства или аргументы

Meaning

To provide evidence or reasons to support an argument or idea.

Example

The lawyer adduced several examples to support his case.

Адвокат привел несколько примеров, чтобы поддержать его дело.

C1 noun əˌkred.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən

accreditation

аккредитация

Meaning

The action or process of officially recognizing someone or something as having a particular status or being qualified to perform a particular activity.

Example

Accreditation ensures institutional credibility.

Аккредитация обеспечивает институциональную надежность.

C2 verb /əˈpraɪz/

apprise

проинформировать

Meaning

to inform or notify someone

Example

The manager will apprise the staff of the new policies.

Менеджер проинформирует персонал о новых политиках.

A1 verb /æd/

add

добавлять

Meaning

to join something to something else; to include

Example

Please add sugar to my coffee.

Пожалуйста, добавьте сахар в мой кофе.

A1 noun /'æn.ɪ.məl/

Animal

животное

Meaning

a living creature that feeds on organic matter, typically having specialized sense organs and nervous system and able to respond rapidly to stimuli

Example

The zoo has many different animals from around the world.

В зоопарке много разных животных со всего мира.

B2 verb /ˈæləkeɪt/

allocate

распределять

Meaning

to distribute or assign resources, duties, or responsibilities for a specific purpose

Example

The manager allocated funds for the new project.

Менеджер выделил средства для нового проекта.

задолженность

Meaning

Money that is owed and should have been paid earlier.

Example

She was months in arrears with her electricity bill.

Она была в долгах по электрическому счету на несколько месяцев.