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C1 adjective /wɪðˈdrɔːn/

withdrawn

内向的
Meaning
quiet and shy; not wanting to talk to others
Example
After the incident, he became withdrawn and avoided his friends.
その事件の後、彼は内向的になり、友達を避けるようになった。
C1 verb /ˈdɛnɪˌɡreɪt/

denigrate

貶める
Meaning
to criticize unfairly; to belittle or disparage someone or something
Example
He was quick to denigrate the achievements of his colleagues.
彼は同僚の業績をすぐに貶めました。
C1 adjective /ˈɒptɪməm/

optimum

最適
Meaning
Most conducive to a favorable outcome; best.
Example
To achieve optimum results, we need to improve efficiency.
最適な結果を得るためには、効率を改善する必要があります。
C1 verb /bɪˈwɪldər/

bewilder

困惑させる
Meaning
to cause someone to be confused or puzzled
Example
The complex instructions bewildered the students.
複雑な指示は学生を困惑させました。
C1 adjective /rɪˈpjuː.t̬ɪd/

Reputed

評判の良い; 有名な
Meaning
generally said or believed to be; having a particular reputation
Example
He is reputed to be one of the best doctors in the country.
彼はその国で最高の医者の一人と見なされています。
C1 noun /ˈdæɡ.ər/

Dagger

短剣
Meaning
a short knife with a pointed blade used as a weapon
Example
The ancient warrior carried a silver dagger.
古代の戦士は銀の短剣を携えていた。
C1 verb /ˈɡrændstænd/

grandstand

注目や拍手を求めて見せかけの行動をする
Meaning
To seek attention or applause by behaving or speaking in a showy way.
Example
The actor was accused of grandstanding during the charity event.
その俳優はチャリティイベントでグランドスタンディングをしていると非難された。
C1 verb /ˈtɛðər/

tether

繋ぐ
Meaning
To tie an animal with a rope or chain so it cannot move far.
Example
The farmer tethered the goat to a post.
農夫はヤギを柱に繋ぎました。
C1 verb /fɔːrˈɡoʊ/

forego

断る
Meaning
to decide not to do or have something pleasant or valuable
Example
She decided to forego dessert to maintain her diet.
彼女はダイエットを維持するためにデザートを断ることに決めました。
C1 noun /njʊˈrɑːlədʒi/

neurology

Meaning
The branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the nervous system.
Example
She specializes in neurology and treats patients with brain diseases.
C1 noun ˌrɛk.əˈlɛk.ʃən

Recollection

記憶
Meaning
Remembering past events or information
Example
His recollection of childhood memories was vivid.
彼の子供時代の記憶は鮮明だった。
C1 verb /ˈfʌmbəl/

fumble

不器用にする
Meaning
to handle something clumsily or to make mistakes while doing something
Example
He fumbled with the keys and dropped them on the floor.
彼は鍵で手間取って、それらを床に落としました。
C1 noun /ˈvɔːrtɛks/

vortex

渦巻き
Meaning
A mass of whirling fluid or air, especially a whirlpool or whirlwind.
Example
The plane was caught in a dangerous vortex of air.
飛行機は危険な空気の渦巻きに巻き込まれました。
C1 noun prɪˈzɜː.və.tɪvz

preservatives

保存料
Meaning
A substance used to preserve foodstuffs, wood, or other materials against decay.
Example
Many processed foods contain harmful preservatives.
多くの加工食品には有害な保存料が含まれています。
C1 adjective /ˈəʊnərəs/

onerous

重い
Meaning
involving a great deal of effort, difficulty, or burden
Example
Fulfilling the contract proved to be an onerous task for the company.
契約を履行することは会社にとって負担の大きい仕事だと証明された。
C1 noun /ˌvɜːbəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

verbalization

言語化
Meaning
The action of expressing something in words.
Example
The verbalization of his thoughts was clear and direct.
彼の考えを言語化することは明確で直接的でした。
C1 verb /ˌdɪsəˈsɛmbəl/

disassemble

分解する
Meaning
To take apart something into its separate pieces.
Example
He had to disassemble the computer to repair it.
彼は修理のためにコンピュータを分解しなければならなかった。
C1 noun /tɪˈmɪdəti/

timidity

内気
Meaning
lack of courage or self-confidence
Example
His timidity kept him from speaking up during the meeting.
彼の内気さは会議で話すことを妨げた。
C1 adjective /prəˈlɪf.ɪk/

prolific

多作な
Meaning
Present in large numbers or quantities; plentiful; producing many works, results, or offspring.
Example
The author is prolific, having written over 30 books.
その著者は非常に多作で、30冊以上の本を執筆しています。
C1 verb /ɡliːn/

glean

集める
Meaning
to collect or gather slowly and bit by bit, especially information or crops left after harvest
Example
The journalist gleaned facts from several sources.
ジャーナリストは複数の情報源から事実を収集した。
C1 adjective /kənˈsɪliətɔːri/

conciliatory

和解的
Meaning
intended to make someone less angry or more agreeable; soothing
Example
She spoke in a conciliatory tone to ease the tension.
彼女は緊張を和らげるために和解的な口調で話した。
C1 adjective /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvɪŋ/

unbelieving

信じない
Meaning
Not willing or able to believe; skeptical or doubtful
Example
She gave him an unbelieving look when he claimed to have met a celebrity.
彼が有名人に会ったと主張したとき、彼女は彼に信じない目を向けた。
C1 adjective /ˈkwɑː.drʊ.pəl/

Quadruple

四倍
Meaning
four times as much or as many; consisting of four parts
Example
The company's profits have shown quadruple growth this year.
会社の利益は今年四倍の成長を見せました。
C1 adjective /ˈdaɪ.si/

dicey

危険な
Meaning
Risky or unpredictable; potentially dangerous.
Example
Investing in that company looks pretty dicey right now.
その会社への投資は今、かなり危険なように見える。
C1 adverb /ˈvaɪtəli/

vitally

極めて重要に
Meaning
in an extremely important or essential way; in a manner relating to life or vitality
Example
Access to clean water is vitally important for public health.
清潔な水へのアクセスは公衆衛生にとって極めて重要です。
C1 adjective /ˈprɪnsəpəld/

principled

原則を守る
Meaning
acting in accordance with moral or ethical standards
Example
He is a principled leader who always puts honesty first.
彼は原則を守るリーダーで、いつも正直を最優先にします。
C1 noun /ˈæk.jʊ.mən/

acumen

鋭さ
Meaning
The ability to make good judgments and quick decisions; keenness and depth of perception.
Example
His business acumen helped the company grow rapidly.
彼のビジネス鋭さは会社の急成長を助けた。
C1 verb /ræsp/

rasp

Meaning
to speak in a rough, harsh voice or to scrape with a coarse sound
Example
He rasped out a warning before collapsing.
C1 verb /ɪnˈfɛst/

infest

侵入する
Meaning
to overrun in large numbers, especially so as to cause damage or discomfort
Example
The old house was infested with rats.
古い家はネズミで侵されていました。
C1 adjective /ˈbɒt.əl ɡriːn/

Bottle-green

ボトルグリーン
Meaning
a dark green color similar to that of a green glass bottle
Example
She wore a beautiful bottle-green dress to the evening party.
彼女は夜のパーティーに美しいボトルグリーンのドレスを着ていた。
C1 noun/verb /snɛər/

snare

罠
Meaning
a trap for catching animals; to catch or trap
Example
The hunter set a snare to catch rabbits.
ハンターはウサギを捕まえるために罠を仕掛けました。
C1 noun /ˈreɪ.biːz/

rabies

狂犬病
Meaning
A viral disease that causes inflammation of the brain in humans and other mammals, usually transmitted through animal bites.
Example
The dog was vaccinated against rabies.
犬は狂犬病のワクチンを接種しました。
C1 noun /trɔːf/

trough

飼い葉桶、低点
Meaning
A long, narrow container from which animals eat or drink; also, a low point between waves or in business cycles.
Example
The cows drank water from the wooden trough.
牛は木製の飼い葉桶から水を飲みました。
C1 verb /ˌriːəˈdʒʌst/

readjust

再調整
Meaning
To change or move something again in order to achieve a better fit, condition, or balance.
Example
He readjusted the chair to make it more comfortable.
彼は椅子をもっと快適にするために再調整しました。
C1 verb /rɪˈdiːm/

redeem

償う
Meaning
to compensate for faults or mistakes; to exchange something for value
Example
He managed to redeem his reputation after the scandal.
彼はスキャンダル後に自分の評判を回復しました。
C1 noun /ˌævɒ̃ˈɡɑːrd/

avantgarde

アバンギャルド
Meaning
people or works that are innovative, experimental, and ahead of their time
Example
The avantgarde of the 20th century reshaped modern art.
20世紀のアバンギャルドは現代アートを再形成した。
C1 noun /ˈɜːr.θən pɒt/

Earthen pot

土鍋
Meaning
a container made of baked clay or earth, used for cooking or storing
Example
The earthen pot keeps water naturally cool in summer.
土鍋は夏に水を自然に冷たく保ちます。
C1 adverb /ˌɪn.ədˈvɜːr.tənt.li/

Inadvertently

うっかり; ついうっかり; 誤って
Meaning
without being aware of what you are doing; unintentionally; by mistake
Example
She inadvertently deleted the important file while cleaning her computer.
彼女はコンピュータを掃除しているとき、重要なファイルをうっかり削除してしまった。
C1 verb /kəmˈpjuːt/

compute

計算する
Meaning
To calculate or determine by using a computer or mathematical methods.
Example
The software can compute the total cost in seconds.
そのソフトウェアは数秒で総コストを計算できます。
C1 adjective /pəˈrɛniəl/

perennial

永続的
Meaning
lasting or existing for a long time, or recurring continually
Example
Climate change is a perennial concern for scientists.
気候変動は科学者にとって永続的な関心事です。
C1 verb /prɪˈkluːd/

preclude

排除する
Meaning
To prevent something from happening; to make impossible.
Example
Heavy rain precluded the possibility of a picnic.
大雨がピクニックの可能性を排除した。
C1 noun /fɪˈdɛl.ɪ.ti/

fidelity

忠誠心
Meaning
Faithfulness to a person, cause, or belief, demonstrated by continuing loyalty and support.
Example
A dog's fidelity to its owner is unmatched.
犬の忠誠心はその飼い主に対して比類のないものです。
C1 adjective /ˌmɪsəˈleɪniəs/

Miscellaneous

雑多な; 混合された; 多様な
Meaning
various; diverse; mixed; assorted
Example
The box contained miscellaneous items from different periods.
箱には異なる時期のさまざまなアイテムが含まれていました。
C1 noun /ˈmɛm.wɑːr/

memoir

回想録
Meaning
A historical account or autobiography written from personal experience.
Example
The author’s memoir details her journey through hardship and success.
著者の回想録は、彼女の苦難と成功の旅路を詳述しています。
C1 noun ˈnærətɪv staɪl

narrative style

物語のスタイル
Meaning
The way in which a story is told, including the point of view and the voice of the narrator.
Example
Dickens' narrative style is engaging and emotional.
ディケンズの物語のスタイルは魅力的で感情的です。
C1 noun, verb /ˈbʌtrəs/

buttress

支柱, 支え
Meaning
a structure built against a wall for support; to support or strengthen
Example
The cathedral walls were buttressed to prevent collapse.
大聖堂の壁は崩壊を防ぐために支えられていました。
C1 verb /ɪmˈbɛd/

imbed

埋め込む
Meaning
To fix firmly or deeply in a surrounding mass.
Example
The journalist imbedded himself with the troops to report firsthand.
ジャーナリストは部隊に埋め込まれて、最前線から報告を行った。
C1 adjective /ˈpælpəbl̩/

palpable

幸福
Meaning
easily perceived or felt; so intense as to seem almost tangible
Example
There was a palpable sense of excitement in the room.
賞を受け取ったとき、彼女はその幸福感を隠せなかった。
C1 noun /ˈlɛɡɪŋ/

legging

タイツ
Meaning
tight-fitting stretch pants, typically worn by women for exercise or casual wear
Example
She bought a new pair of black leggings for the gym.
彼女はジム用に新しい黒いレギンスを買った。
C1 noun /ˈmɔː.tər ænd ˈpes.əl/

Mortar and Pestle

モルタルと乳鉢
Meaning
a bowl and grinding tool used to crush and grind spices, herbs, and other substances
Example
She ground the spices using a mortar and pestle.
彼女はモルタルと乳鉢を使って香辛料を挽いた。
C1 noun /ədˈhiːʒən/

adhesion

付着
Meaning
the process or state of sticking to something
Example
Strong adhesion is needed for the tiles to stay in place.
タイルがその位置に留まるためには強い付着が必要です。
C1 adjective /ˈvæljənt/

Valiant

勇敢な; 英雄的な
Meaning
showing courage or determination; brave and heroic
Example
The valiant soldier fought bravely to protect his country.
その勇敢な兵士は国を守るために勇敢に戦いました。
C1 noun /ˌkɑːr.diˈɒl.ə.dʒɪst/

cardiologist

心臓専門医
Meaning
A doctor specializing in diagnosing and treating heart diseases.
Example
She made an appointment with a cardiologist for her chest pain.
彼女は胸の痛みのために心臓専門医に予約を取りました。
C1 adjective/noun /ˈnɜːr.tʃɚ.ɪŋ/

nurturing

養育, 促進, 発展
Meaning
The process of caring for and encouraging growth or development.
Example
A nurturing environment helps children thrive.
ナーチャリング環境は子供たちが成長するのを助けます。
C1 noun ˈmɑːrdʒɪnəlaɪzd ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəlz

marginalized individuals

疎外された個人
Meaning
People who are treated as insignificant or peripheral to society, often excluded from mainstream social, economic, or political activities.
Example
Marginalized individuals often face severe challenges.
疎外された個人はしばしば重大な課題に直面します。
C1 noun /ˈtres.pæs.ər/

Trespasser

侵入者
Meaning
a person who enters someone's property without permission
Example
The security guard caught the trespasser climbing over the fence.
セキュリティガードはフェンスを越えて登る侵入者を捕まえました。
C1 noun /ˈruːdɪmənt/

rudiment

基本
Meaning
A basic principle, element, or fundamental part of something.
Example
He learned the rudiments of music before joining the band.
彼はバンドに参加する前に音楽の基礎を学びました。
C1 noun /ɪˈreləvəns/

irrelevance

無関係性
Meaning
the quality of not being connected to or important for a particular matter; lack of significance
Example
His long explanation only highlighted the irrelevance of the details to the main issue.
彼の長い説明は、細部が主な問題と無関係であることを強調しただけだった。
C1 noun /ˌvɜːrtʃuˈoʊsoʊ/

virtuoso

名人
Meaning
A person highly skilled in music, art, or another artistic pursuit.
Example
The pianist is a true virtuoso, captivating audiences worldwide.
そのピアニストは真の名人であり、世界中の観客を魅了しています。
C1 verb /lætʃ/

latch

ラッチで閉める
Meaning
to fasten or close something with a latch
Example
She latched the door before leaving the house.
彼女は家を出る前にドアをラッチで閉めた。
C1 adjective /ˌʌnsəˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtɪd/

unsophisticated

未洗練
Meaning
Lacking worldly experience, refinement, or complexity.
Example
The villagers led an unsophisticated but happy life.
村人たちは未洗練だが、幸せな生活を送っていた。
C1 adjective /ˌmet.əˈbɒl.ɪk/

metabolic

代謝の
Meaning
Relating to the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.
Example
Regular exercise enhances metabolic efficiency.
定期的な運動は代謝効率を高めます。
C1 noun /rɪˈvʌlʃən/

revulsion

嫌悪
Meaning
a strong feeling of disgust or repulsion
Example
She felt revulsion at the sight of the cruel act.
彼女はその残酷な行為を見て嫌悪感を覚えた。
C1 adjective /ɪmˈprɒbəbl/

improbable

あり得ない
Meaning
Not likely to be true or to happen.
Example
It seems improbable that he will arrive on time.
彼が時間通りに到着するのはあり得ないようだ。
C1 adjective /ʌnˈvaɪəbl/

unviable

実現不可能
Meaning
Not capable of working successfully; not feasible or practical.
Example
The project was deemed unviable due to high costs.
高額なコストのため、このプロジェクトは実現不可能と見なされました。
C1 verb /sərˈmaɪz/

surmise

推測する
Meaning
to suppose something is true without having evidence
Example
She surmised that he was not coming to the meeting.
彼女は彼が会議に来ないだろうと推測した。
C1 verb /ˈskruː.tɪ.naɪz/

scrutinize

慎重に調べる
Meaning
Examine or inspect closely and thoroughly.
Example
The scientist scrutinized the data before publishing his findings.
科学者は自分の発見を公開する前にデータを慎重に調べました。
C1 verb sɪˈkwɛstər

sequester

隔離する, 隠す
Meaning
To isolate or hide away.
Example
The carbon captured by trees can be sequestered for years.
木々によって捕えられた炭素は、何年も隔離されることがあります。
C1 verb /kənˈtraɪv/

contrive

考案する
Meaning
to plan or devise cleverly or skillfully
Example
She contrived a clever plan to surprise her friends.
彼女は友達を驚かせるために賢い計画を思いついた。
C1 noun /ˌɔːkʃəˈnɪər/

auctioneer

競売人
Meaning
a person who conducts auctions by calling out bids and selling items to the highest bidder
Example
The auctioneer quickly raised the price as bidders competed for the painting.
競売人は入札が進む中で素早く価格を上げた。
C1 verb /ˈkʌl.mɪ.neɪt/

culminate

最高潮に達する
Meaning
To reach the final or climactic stage of a process or activity.
Example
Years of hard work culminated in his success.
長年の努力が彼の成功に集約された。
C1 adjective /ˈstʌm.pi/

Stumpy

短くて太い
Meaning
short and thick; having a short, thick appearance
Example
The stumpy little dog wagged its tail enthusiastically.
その短くて太い小さな犬は、興奮して尾を振っていました。
C1 verb /əˈlʊər/

allure

魅力
Meaning
to attract or tempt someone with something desirable; to entice
Example
The beautiful garden allured visitors from far away.
美しい庭園が遠くから訪問者を魅了しました。
C1 verb /ˌɪntəˈsɛkt/

intersect

交差する
Meaning
to cross or pass through each other
Example
The two roads intersect at the city center.
二つの道路は市内中心で交差する。
C1 noun /ˈɡrɪd.əl/

Griddle

鉄板
Meaning
a flat heating surface for cooking food, typically made of metal
Example
She cooked pancakes on the hot griddle.
彼女は熱い鉄板でパンケーキを作った。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈkluːsɪv/

inconclusive

結論が出ていない
Meaning
Not leading to a definite result or decision.
Example
The investigation remained inconclusive due to a lack of evidence.
証拠の不足により、調査は結論が出ていないままでした。
C1 noun /ˈɡreɪ.haʊnd/

Greyhound

グレイハウンド
Meaning
a tall, thin dog with long legs that can run very fast
Example
The greyhound won the race at the dog track.
グレイハウンドは犬の競技場でレースに勝ちました。
C1 adjective ˈser.ɪ.brəl

cerebral

大脳の
Meaning
Of the cerebrum of the brain.
Example
Cerebral functions regulate thoughts.
大脳機能は思考を調整します。
C1 noun /ɪnˈækjʊrəsi/

inaccuracy

不正確さ
Meaning
lack of accuracy or precision; an incorrect or wrong detail
Example
The report contained several factual inaccuracies.
その報告書にはいくつかの不正確さがあった。
C1 adjective /kənˈspɪkjuəs/

conspicuous

目立つ
Meaning
Easily noticeable; attracting attention due to being unusual or prominent.
Example
Her red dress made her conspicuous at the party.
彼女の赤いドレスはパーティーで目立っていました。
C1 adjective /ˈtæn.tə.laɪ.zɪŋ/

Tantalizing

魅力的だが手の届かない
Meaning
tempting and attractive but out of reach
Example
The tantalizing aroma of fresh bread filled the bakery.
新鮮なパンの魅力的な香りがベーカリーを満たした。
C1 noun ˌɪn.fɪlˈtreɪ.ʃən

infiltration

浸透、秘密のアクセス
Meaning
The process of entering or gaining access to an organization or place surreptitiously.
Example
Cybersecurity prevents infiltration into sensitive data.
サイバーセキュリティは、機密データへの浸透を防ぎます。
C1 adjective /rɪˈvoʊltɪŋ/

revolting

むかつく
Meaning
extremely unpleasant or disgusting
Example
The smell of the garbage was revolting.
ごみのにおいはむかつくほどだった。
C1 verb /paʊt/

pout

口を尖らせる
Meaning
to push one's lips forward as an expression of annoyance or sulkiness
Example
The child began to pout when he didn’t get the toy.
おもちゃをもらえなかったとき、子供は口を尖らせることを始めた。
C1 adjective /ɡɔːnt/

gaunt

痩せこけた
Meaning
extremely thin, bony, and haggard in appearance, often due to hunger or illness
Example
After weeks of illness, he looked pale and gaunt.
何週間もの病気の後、彼は青白くて痩せこけて見えた。
C1 noun /ˌʌl.tɪˈmeɪ.təm/

Ultimatum

最終通告
Meaning
a final demand or statement of terms, the rejection of which will result in retaliation
Example
The boss gave him an ultimatum: improve or be fired.
上司は彼に最終通告を与えた：改善するか、解雇されるかだ。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkrɛdjələs/

incredulous

Meaning
unwilling or unable to believe something
Example
He gave her an incredulous look when she claimed she could fly.
C1 verb /ˈɪmplɪˌkeɪt/

implicate

関与する
Meaning
To show someone’s involvement in a crime or wrongdoing.
Example
The evidence implicated several officials in the scandal.
証拠はスキャンダルに関与した何人かの職員を示した。
C1 adjective /ˈpaɪ.əs/

Pious

敬虔な
Meaning
devoutly religious; showing reverence for God
Example
The pious monk spent hours in prayer every day.
敬虔な修道士は毎日何時間も祈りに捧げた。
C1 phrasal verb /ɡlɒs ˈoʊ.vər/

gloss over

軽視する / 重要性を低くする
Meaning
to avoid discussing something unpleasant or make it seem less important
Example
The report glossed over the company's financial problems.
レポートは会社の財務問題を軽視した。
C1 verb /ˌriːˈmɒdəl/

remodel

改装する
Meaning
To change the structure or form of something, especially a building.
Example
They decided to remodel their kitchen last summer.
彼らは昨年の夏にキッチンをリモデルすることに決めました。
C1 noun /pəˈrɪfəri/

periphery

周辺
Meaning
The outer edge or boundary of an area or object.
Example
The soldiers were stationed at the periphery of the camp.
兵士たちはキャンプの周辺に配置されていた。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈsplɪkəbl/

inexplicable

説明できない
Meaning
Impossible to explain or understand.
Example
The sudden disappearance of the file was inexplicable.
ファイルの突然の消失は説明できなかった。
C1 noun ɪˌræd.ɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

eradication

根絶
Meaning
The complete destruction or elimination of something unwanted.
Example
Carbon eradication is a key goal of the project.
カーボンの根絶はプロジェクトの重要な目標です。
C1 noun /ˈɑːr.tər.i/

Artery

動脈
Meaning
a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to other parts of the body
Example
The doctor checked the pulse in his artery.
医者は彼の動脈で脈拍を確認した。
C1 noun /ˌɡræt.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

gratification

満足
Meaning
Pleasure, especially when gained from the satisfaction of a desire.
Example
The instant gratification of social media affects patience.
ソーシャルメディアの即時満足は忍耐力に影響を与える。
C1 verb /lʌl/

lull

静める
Meaning
to soothe or calm; to cause to sleep or rest
Example
The gentle music lulled the baby to sleep.
やさしい音楽が赤ちゃんを寝かしつけた。
C1 noun /ˈkleɪmənt/

claimant

請求者
Meaning
a person who makes a claim, especially in a legal or financial context
Example
The claimant filed for compensation after the accident.
事故後、請求者は補償を申し立てました。
C1 adjective /ˈnjuː.tri.ənt dɛns/

nutrient-dense

栄養価が高い
Meaning
Rich in nutrients and high nutritional value.
Example
Organic food is often more nutrient-dense than processed food.
オーガニック食品は、加工食品よりも栄養価が高いことがよくあります。
C1 verb /siːp/

seep

しみ出す
Meaning
to flow or leak slowly through small openings or pores
Example
Water began to seep through the cracks in the wall.
水が壁のひび割れからしみ出し始めました。
C1 adverb /ˌðeərəˈpɒn/

Thereupon

その後すぐに;
Meaning
immediately after that; following that event
Example
He finished his speech and thereupon left the stage.
彼はスピーチを終え、その後すぐにステージを離れました。
C1 noun /jiːld ˌɒptɪmaɪˈzeɪʃən/

yield optimization

収穫最適化
Meaning
The process of maximizing the productivity or efficiency of crop production through various agricultural techniques and practices.
Example
Yield optimization techniques can significantly improve crop production.
収穫最適化技術は作物生産を大幅に改善できます。
C1 noun ˈsɒv.rɪn.ti

sovereignty

主権
Meaning
The authority of a state to govern itself or another state; supreme power or authority.
Example
Sovereignty is essential for a nation's identity.
主権は国家のアイデンティティにとって不可欠です。
C1 noun /ˈlaɪk.nəs/

Likeness

類似性; 似ていること
Meaning
the fact or quality of being alike; resemblance; a portrait or representation
Example
The portrait shows a strong likeness to her grandmother.
ポートレートは彼女の祖母に強い類似性を示しています。
C1 noun /əˈluːʒən/

allusion

暗示
Meaning
An indirect reference to something without mentioning it explicitly.
Example
Her story contained an allusion to a famous myth.
彼女の話には有名な神話への暗示が含まれていた。
C1 adjective /rɪˈsɛsɪv/

recessive

潜性
Meaning
In genetics, relating to a trait that is expressed only when two copies of the gene are present.
Example
Blue eye color is often a recessive trait.
青い目の色はしばしばリセシブな特徴です。
C1 adverb /ˈleŋθ.waɪz/

Lengthwise

長さに沿って; 最長の寸法に沿って
Meaning
in the direction of the length; along the longest dimension
Example
Fold the paper lengthwise to make it easier to carry.
紙を長さに沿って折りたたんで、持ち運びやすくします。
C1 adjective /ˈlɔː.də.bəl/

laudable

称賛に値する
Meaning
Deserving praise and admiration.
Example
Her efforts to help the poor are truly laudable.
貧しい人々を助けるための彼女の努力は本当に称賛に値します。
C1 noun /ˈrɛtɪsəns/

reticence

沈黙
Meaning
the quality of being reserved or unwilling to speak freely
Example
His reticence made it difficult to know what he was thinking.
彼の沈黙は、彼が何を考えているのかを知るのを難しくしました。
C1 adjective ˈsɒvrɪn

sovereign

主権の, 最高の
Meaning
Possessing supreme or ultimate power; independent.
Example
The sovereign government has control over its currency.
主権政府は自国の通貨を管理している。
C1 noun kəˈlæt.ər.əl

collateral

担保、ローンの保証として提供される資産
Meaning
Something pledged as security for repayment of a loan, to be forfeited in the event of a default.
Example
The bank requires collateral for loan approval.
銀行はローン承認のために担保を要求します。
C1 noun /trænsˈfjuːʒən/

transfusion

輸血
Meaning
the process of transferring blood or another fluid into a person's vein
Example
The patient received a blood transfusion after the accident.
事故後、患者は輸血を受けました。
C1 verb /səˈkʌm/

succumb

Meaning
To give in to pressure, temptation, or illness; to yield or fail to resist.
Example
He finally succumbed to his illness after a long struggle.
C1 noun /ˌtes.tɪˈmoʊ.ni.əl/

Testimonial

推薦状
Meaning
a formal statement testifying to someone's character and qualifications
Example
The professor wrote a glowing testimonial for her former student.
教授は彼女の元生徒のために素晴らしい推薦状を書きました。
C1 noun /ˌprəʊˈæk.tɪv ˈliː.də.ʃɪp/

proactive leadership

プロアクティブリーダーシップ
Meaning
Leadership that takes initiative and anticipates problems before they occur, rather than reacting to events.
Example
Proactive leadership ensures timely decisions.
プロアクティブリーダーシップは適時の意思決定を保証します。
C1 noun /pʌn/

pun

言葉遊び
Meaning
A humorous use of words that suggests different meanings or words that sound alike.
Example
He made a clever pun about the bakery's bread rising.
彼はベーカリーでパンが膨らんでいることについて巧妙な言葉遊びをしました。
C1 adverb /ˈmɪdweɪ/

Midway

中途; 真ん中で
Meaning
halfway; at or to the middle point
Example
The project is midway through completion.
プロジェクトは完了に向かってミッドウェイにあります。
C1 noun ˌnæn.oʊ.tekˈnɒl.ə.dʒi

nanotechnology

ナノテクノロジー
Meaning
The branch of technology that deals with dimensions and tolerances of less than 100 nanometers.
Example
Nanotechnology is advancing medical treatments.
ナノテクノロジーは医療治療の進歩を促進しています。
C1 verb/noun /ˈrɛlɪʃ/

relish

楽しむ / 調味料
Meaning
to greatly enjoy; also a condiment or sauce
Example
She relished the opportunity to travel abroad.
彼女は海外旅行の機会を大いに楽しんでいました。
C1 noun /ˈmɒd.ə.sti/

Modesty

謙虚さ; 謙遜
Meaning
the quality of being humble and not boastful about achievements
Example
Despite his success, he showed great modesty.
成功にもかかわらず、彼は偉大な謙虚さを示しました。
C1 verb /məˈnuː.vər/

manoeuver

Meaning
To move skillfully or carefully; to guide or manipulate into a desired position.
Example
The driver skillfully manoeuvered the car through the narrow street.