B1 adjective /ˈwɪl.ɪŋ/

Willing

意欲がある; 準備ができている

Meaning

ready, eager, or prepared to do something

Example

She is willing to help with the project.

彼女はプロジェクトを手伝う準備ができています。

C2 noun /rɪˈpruːf/

reproof

叱責, 非難

Meaning

An expression of blame or disapproval.

Example

His careless words drew a sharp reproof from his mother.

彼の不注意な言葉は、母親からの厳しい叱責を引き起こした。

C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈsaɪsɪv/

Indecisive

優柔不断な

Meaning

unable to make decisions quickly; hesitant; wavering

Example

She was indecisive about which university to attend.

彼女はどの大学に入学すべきか決めかねていた。

C1 noun /ˈneɡ.lɪ.dʒəns/

Negligence

過失

Meaning

failure to take proper care in doing something; carelessness

Example

The accident was caused by driver negligence.

事故は運転手の不注意によって引き起こされました。

B2 noun /rɪˈmaɪndər/

reminder

リマインダー

Meaning

something that helps you remember a fact, event, or action that you need to do or recall

Example

He set a reminder to call his mother on her birthday.

彼は母親の誕生日に電話するためにリマインダーを設定しました。

C1 verb /ədˈmɒnɪʃ/

admonish

注意する / 叱る

Meaning

to warn or reprimand someone firmly; to advise or urge earnestly

Example

The teacher admonished the students for being late.

先生は遅刻した生徒を注意しました。

B1 noun /rɪst/

Wrist

手首

Meaning

the joint connecting the hand with the forearm

Example

He wore a watch on his wrist.

彼は手首に時計をしていた。

C1 noun kəˈmjuːnɪti ˈsɜːrvɪs aɪˈdiːəlz

community service ideals

コミュニティサービスの理想

Meaning

Principles and standards of serving the community for social good.

Example

Community service ideals must be taught in schools.

コミュニティサービスの理想は学校で教えられるべきです。

C2 noun /ˈæmjʊlət/

Amulet

お守り; タリスマン

Meaning

an ornament or small piece of jewelry thought to give protection against evil, danger, or disease

Example

She wore a silver amulet around her neck for good luck.

彼女は幸運のために首に銀のタリスマンを身につけていました。

C2 adjective /dɪˈspjuːtəbl/

Disputable

議論の余地がある; 疑わしい

Meaning

open to debate or argument; questionable

Example

The facts in the case are disputable and need further investigation.

その事件の事実は議論の余地があり、さらなる調査が必要です。

C1 noun /ˌræʃəˈnæl/

rationale

根本的な理由

Meaning

the underlying reason or explanation for something

Example

The rationale behind his decision was clearly explained.

彼の決断の背後にある理由は明確に説明されました。

B1 noun /bɑːm/

Bomb

爆弾

Meaning

an explosive device designed to cause damage or destruction

Example

The bomb disposal unit carefully defused the explosive device.

爆弾処理班は爆発装置を慎重に無力化しました。

B2 verb /prɪˈsiːdɪd/

preceded

先行した

Meaning

came before something in time, order, or position

Example

Dark clouds preceded the heavy rainfall.

暗い雲が大雨に先立って現れた。

C1 noun /ˌɡræt.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

gratification

満足

Meaning

Pleasure, especially when gained from the satisfaction of a desire.

Example

The instant gratification of social media affects patience.

ソーシャルメディアの即時満足は忍耐力に影響を与える。

A2 noun /ˈruːlər/

ruler

支配者; 定規

Meaning

A person who governs or controls a country; a straight-edged tool used for measuring or drawing lines

Example

The ruler drew a straight line on the paper while the king was a powerful ruler of his kingdom.

ルーラーは紙にまっすぐな線を引き、王は自分の王国の強力な支配者でした。

B2 adjective /ˌfɪl.əˈsɒf.ɪ.kəl/

philosophical

哲学的

Meaning

relating to the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence

Example

She maintained a calm and philosophical attitude during the crisis.

危機の間、彼女は冷静で哲学的な態度を保ちました。

C1 verb /ˈfæbrɪkeɪt/

fabricate

作り上げる

Meaning

to invent or concoct something, often with the intent to deceive; or to construct or manufacture

Example

The witness fabricated his testimony to protect himself.

証人は自分を守るために証言をでっち上げました。

A2 noun ˈhɪs.tər.i

History

歴史

Meaning

The study of past events; a chronological record of events and heritage.

Example

The history of ancient civilizations fascinates scholars.

古代文明の歴史は学者たちを魅了します。

C1 noun ˈstræt.ə.sfɪər

stratosphere

成層圏

Meaning

The layer of the earth's atmosphere above the troposphere, extending to about 50 km above the earth's surface.

Example

The stratosphere provides a unique environment.

成層圏は特別な環境を提供します。

B2 noun ˈlaɪf ɪkˌspek.tən.si

life expectancy

平均寿命

Meaning

The average period that a person may expect to live; the length of time for which something is expected to last or to continue being effective.

Example

Life expectancy depends on healthcare quality.

平均寿命は医療の質に依存します。

B2 noun /ˈkɒn.ʃəs.nəs/

consciousness

意識

Meaning

The state of being aware of and able to think about one's existence, sensations, thoughts, and surroundings.

Example

Meditation helps improve consciousness and clarity of thought.

瞑想は意識と考えの明晰さを改善するのに役立ちます。

C1 noun /ˈskeɪp.ɡəʊt/

Scapegoat

スケープゴート

Meaning

a person who is blamed for the wrongdoings, mistakes, or faults of others

Example

He became the scapegoat for the team's poor performance.

彼はチームの悪いパフォーマンスのスケープゴートとなった。

C2 verb /ˈlaɪ.ə.naɪz/

lionize

賛美する

Meaning

to treat someone as a celebrity or give a lot of public attention

Example

The press began to lionize the young scientist after his discovery.

彼の発見の後、メディアは若い科学者をライオナイズし始めました。

A1 adjective ˈdɪfɪkəlt

difficult

難しい

Meaning

Needing much effort or skill to accomplish, deal with, or understand; hard.

Example

Managing urban challenges has become increasingly difficult.

都市の課題を管理することはますます難しくなっている。

B2 noun /kəˈmɪʃənər/

commissioner

コミッショナー

Meaning

an official in charge of a particular department or area

Example

The police commissioner addressed the media about the incident.

警察のコミッショナーは、事件についてメディアに話しました。

B2 noun /ˈlæn.tərn/

Lantern

ランタン

Meaning

a portable lamp with a protective covering, often used outdoors

Example

We carried a lantern during our camping trip.

私たちはキャンプの旅行中にランタンを持っていました。

B2 adjective /ˈɪn.tɪ.mət/

Intimate

親密な; 個人的な; 詳細な知識

Meaning

close in friendship; private and personal; detailed knowledge

Example

They have an intimate friendship that has lasted for decades.

彼らは何十年にもわたる親密な友情を持っています。

A2 noun /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

Vacation

休暇

Meaning

a period of time when someone does not go to work or school but is free to do what they want, such as travel or relax

Example

I'm planning a vacation to the beach next summer.

来年の夏にビーチで休暇を計画しています。

C2 verb /ɪmˈpeɪl/

impale

突き刺す

Meaning

to pierce or fix something with a sharp object

Example

The knight was impaled by the enemy’s spear.

騎士は敵の槍で突き刺さった。

A2 noun /fəˈtɒɡrəfə/

photographer

フォトグラファー

Meaning

a person who takes photographs professionally

Example

The photographer captured the beauty of nature.

フォトグラファーは自然の美しさを捉えました。

B1 verb /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/

satisfy

満たす

Meaning

to fulfill the desires, expectations, or needs of someone; to make content

Example

The delicious meal satisfied our hunger completely.

美味しい食事が私たちの空腹を完全に満たしました。

C1 verb /siːð/

seethe

怒りで煮えたぎる

Meaning

To be filled with intense but unexpressed anger or agitation.

Example

She was seething with anger after the unfair decision.

彼女は不公平な決定の後、怒りで煮えたぎっていました。

B2 noun /skwɒd/

squad

チーム

Meaning

a small group of people organized for a specific purpose or task, often in the military or sports

Example

The football squad trained hard before the championship match.

サッカーチームはチャンピオンシップの試合の前に一生懸命練習した。

C1 noun /ɪnˈsaɪtmənt/

incitement

扇動

Meaning

the action of provoking unlawful or violent behavior

Example

He was arrested for incitement to riot.

彼は暴動を扇動した罪で逮捕された。

C1 adjective /kənˈkluː.sɪv/

Conclusive

決定的な; 最終的な; 問題を完全に解決する

Meaning

final; decisive; settling a matter completely

Example

The evidence was conclusive and left no room for doubt.

その証拠は決定的であり、疑う余地を残さなかった。

A1 noun /wɒtʃ/

Watch

時計; 監視; 観察

Meaning

a small timepiece worn on the wrist; the act of observing or monitoring

Example

He checked his watch to see if he was late for the meeting.

彼は会議に遅れないか確認するために時計を見ました。

C2 verb /ˈkʌzən/

cozen

だます, 騙す

Meaning

to deceive, cheat, or trick someone

Example

He cozened the old man out of his money.

彼は老人をだましてお金を取った。

B1 verb /ˌɪntərˈækt/

interact

交流する

Meaning

to communicate or work together with someone or something

Example

Students interact with teachers during class discussions.

学生は授業のディスカッション中に教師と交流します。

C2 noun /ˈtʃaɪ.nə roʊz/

China-rose

ハイビスカス

Meaning

a tropical flowering plant with large, showy flowers in various colors

Example

The bright red China-rose flowers decorated the entrance of the house.

鮮やかな赤いハイビスカスの花が家の入口を飾った。

B2 verb /ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃər/

manufacture

製造

Meaning

to produce goods in large quantities using machinery; to make or create something

Example

The company manufactures electronic devices for global markets.

その会社はグローバル市場向けに電子機器を製造しています。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈæpt/

Inapt

不適切; 不適当

Meaning

not suitable; inappropriate; unfit

Example

His comment was inapt for the formal meeting.

彼のコメントは正式な会議には不適切でした。

C2 noun /ˈpɛdənt/

pedant

細かいことにこだわる人

Meaning

A person who is excessively concerned with minor details or rules, often in a showy way.

Example

The professor was criticized as a pedant who focused too much on trivial details.

その教授は細かいことにこだわりすぎるペダントとして批判された。

B2 noun, verb /ˈplɑːstər/

plaster

プラスター, 修理する

Meaning

a soft mixture applied to walls or used to cover wounds; or to cover or coat with plaster

Example

The workers plastered the walls to make them smooth.

作業員たちは壁を滑らかにするためにプラスターを塗った。

C2 verb /ˈdʒɛriˌmændər/

gerrymander

選挙区境界の操作

Meaning

to manipulate the boundaries of an electoral constituency to favor one party or class

Example

The ruling party was accused of trying to gerrymander the districts to secure more seats.

与党は、より多くの議席を確保するために選挙区を操作したと非難された。

C2 noun /ænˈtɪfəni/

antiphony

アンティフォニー

Meaning

a form of music in which two or more groups or choirs sing alternately in response to each other

Example

The cathedral's architecture was designed to enhance the effect of antiphony.

大聖堂の建築は、アンティフォニーの効果を高めるために設計されました。

C1 noun /ˈheɪvən/

haven

避難所

Meaning

a safe place or shelter

Example

The library became a haven for students during exams.

試験中、図書館は学生たちの避難所となった。

B1 adjective /ˈkwɑː.lɪ.faɪd/

Qualified

資格のある; 証明された

Meaning

having the necessary skills, knowledge, or experience for a particular job or activity; certified

Example

She is a qualified doctor with years of experience.

彼女は多くの経験を持つ資格のある医者です。

B2 adjective /ˈtaɪə.səm/

Tiresome

疲れる; 退屈な

Meaning

causing weariness or boredom; tedious

Example

The long lecture was tiresome and repetitive.

長い講義は疲れさせ、繰り返しが多かった。

C2 verb /kənˈvʌls/

convulse

激しく震える; 突然の不随意な収縮に苦しむ

Meaning

to shake violently; to suffer sudden involuntary contractions

Example

The patient convulsed during the seizure.

患者は発作中に震えました。

C2 noun /ˈbrɒŋkəs/

bronchus

気管支

Meaning

either of the two main branches of the trachea that lead directly into the lungs

Example

The left bronchus carries air into the left lung.

左気管支は左肺に空気を運びます。

C1 adjective /ˈɜːr.θən/

Earthen

土や粘土で作られた; 陶芸に関連する

Meaning

made of earth or clay; relating to pottery or ceramic materials

Example

The kitchen had beautiful earthen pots for storage.

キッチンには収納用の美しい土の鉢がありました。

C1 noun /dɪˈfen.dənt/

Defendant

被告

Meaning

an individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law

Example

The defendant pleaded not guilty to all charges brought against him.

被告は、彼に対するすべての告発に対して無罪を主張しました。

A1 adverb /daʊn/

down

下

Meaning

from a higher to a lower position

Example

He walked down the stairs slowly.

彼はゆっくりと階段を下りてきました。

C1 adjective /ˌeɪˈtɪpɪkəl/

atypical

非典型

Meaning

not representative of a type, group, or class; unusual or abnormal

Example

The doctor said it was an atypical case of the disease.

医者はそれが病気の非典型的なケースだと言いました。

B2 adverb /kənˈsɪdərəbli/

Considerably

かなり; 相当

Meaning

to a notably large degree; significantly; substantially

Example

The price has increased considerably over the past year.

昨年、価格はかなり上昇しました。

B1 noun /sərˈtɪfɪkət/

certificate

証明書

Meaning

a document serving as proof of achievement or qualification

Example

She received a certificate for completing the course.

彼女はコースを修了したため、証明書を受け取った。

C1 adjective /ˈnɔːrmətɪv/

normative

規範的

Meaning

relating to rules, standards, or norms that govern behavior or beliefs

Example

The study focused on the normative aspects of cultural behavior.

その研究は文化的な行動の規範的側面に焦点を当てました。

B1 noun kəˈmɪt.mənts

commitments

約束

Meaning

Formal pledges or promises to do something, especially in terms of obligations or agreements.

Example

Global commitments to renewable energy are increasing.

再生可能エネルギーに対する世界的な約束が増加しています。

B2 verb /riːp/

reap

収穫する

Meaning

to cut or gather a crop; to receive as a consequence of actions

Example

Farmers reap wheat in the late summer.

農家は晩夏に小麦を収穫します。

C1 noun /ˈfiːtəs/

fetus

胎児

Meaning

an unborn or unhatched offspring in the womb or egg

Example

The doctor explained the development of the fetus during pregnancy.

医師は妊娠中の胎児の発達について説明しました。

A2 noun ˈwɔː.nɪŋ

warning

警告

Meaning

A statement or event that indicates a possible or impending danger, problem, or other unpleasant situation.

Example

Warnings about rising temperatures demand urgent action.

上昇する温度についての警告は、緊急の対応を要求します。

B1 noun /məˈdʒɪʃən/

magician

マジシャン

Meaning

A person who performs tricks and illusions for entertainment or one believed to have magical powers.

Example

The magician pulled a rabbit out of his hat.

マジシャンは帽子からウサギを取り出しました。

B1 adjective /ˈrʊr.əl/

Rural

田舎の

Meaning

relating to the countryside; characteristic of farming or country life

Example

She grew up in a rural area far from the city.

彼女は街から遠く離れた田舎の地域で育ちました。

C2 noun /ˈlɪniəmənt/

lineament

特徴

Meaning

A distinctive feature or characteristic, especially of the face.

Example

Her delicate lineaments revealed her noble birth.

彼女の繊細な特徴は彼女の高貴な誕生を明らかにしました。

B2 verb /ˈdæzəl/

dazzle

魅了する

Meaning

to impress deeply or blind with brilliance or skill

Example

The magician's tricks dazzled the audience.

マジシャンのトリックは観客を驚かせた。

B2 adjective /ˈpaʊərləs/

powerless

無力

Meaning

without ability, influence, or strength

Example

She felt powerless against the unfair system.

彼女は不公平なシステムに対して無力だと感じていた。

C1 adjective /ʌnˈtaɪmli/

Untimely

不適切なタイミングで

Meaning

happening at an inappropriate or inconvenient time; premature

Example

His untimely death at the age of thirty shocked everyone.

彼の不適切なタイミングでの死は30歳でみんなを驚かせた。

C1 adjective /əˈbliːk/

Oblique

斜め; 対角線; 間接的または回避的

Meaning

slanting; diagonal; indirect or evasive

Example

The artist drew an oblique line across the canvas.

アーティストはキャンバスに斜めの線を描いた。

C1 verb dɪˈsɜːn

discern

識別する

Meaning

To perceive or recognize something; to distinguish with difficulty by sight or with the other senses.

Example

He could barely discern the distant figure in the fog.

彼は霧の中で遠くの姿をほとんど識別できなかった。

C1 noun /ˈriːbeɪt/

rebate

リベート/払い戻し

Meaning

a partial refund given to someone who has paid too much money for something

Example

The store offered a rebate on bulk purchases.

その店は大量購入に対してリベートを提供しました。

C1 noun /ɪkˈspɛktənsi/

expectancy

期待

Meaning

the state of expecting something; anticipation or likelihood

Example

There was a sense of expectancy in the room before the results were announced.

結果が発表される前、部屋には期待の感覚があった。

C1 noun ˈlɪniɪdʒ

Lineage

家系

Meaning

Direct descent from an ancestor; ancestry or pedigree.

Example

Tracing your lineage can reveal unknown ancestors.

自分の家系を追跡することで、未知の先祖が明らかになることがあります。

C1 noun /səˈrɛn.ɪ.ti/

serenity

静けさ

Meaning

The state of being calm, peaceful, and untroubled.

Example

Meditation helps in achieving inner serenity.

瞑想は内面的な静けさを達成するのに役立ちます。

C2 adjective /raɪˈpɛə.ri.ən/

riparian

河川や他の水路の岸辺に関連する

Meaning

Relating to or situated on the banks of a river or other watercourse.

Example

Riparian vegetation helps prevent soil erosion along rivers.

河川沿いの植生は、河川沿いの土壌浸食を防ぐのに役立ちます。

C2 noun /kəˈdɛnzə/

cadenza

精緻なソロパッセージ

Meaning

An elaborate solo passage in a piece of music, usually near the end.

Example

The pianist performed a brilliant cadenza before the final movement.

ピアニストは最後の楽章の前に素晴らしいカデンツァを演奏しました。

C2 noun /fækˈtoʊtəm/

factotum

オールラウンダー

Meaning

an employee who does many different types of work; a general servant

Example

He worked as a factotum, handling both clerical and maintenance duties.

彼はファクトトムとして働き、事務的な仕事とメンテナンス作業の両方を担当していました。

Meaning

A swelling or protruding part; to swell outward or protrude.

Example

The bag began to bulge with too many books inside.

A1 determiner/pronoun/conjunction/adverb /ˈaɪðər/ or /ˈiːðər/

either

どちらか

Meaning

Used to indicate a choice between two alternatives.

Example

You can either call me tonight or send me an email.

今晩、私に電話するか、メールを送ることができます。

C1 verb /wɪns/

wince

Meaning

To make an involuntary movement of the face or body as a result of pain or distress.

Example

He winced when the doctor touched his injured arm.

B1 noun /mæs/

mass

質量

Meaning

a large body of matter with no specific shape; a large number of people or things

Example

A huge mass of people gathered in the square.

広場に大勢の人々が集まりました。

C1 noun /əˈkwɪtl/

acquittal

Meaning

a judgment that a person is not guilty of the crime with which they have been charged

Example

The acquittal of the accused shocked the public.