vomit
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B2 verb /ˈvɒmɪt/

vomit

嘔吐する
Meaning
to bring up food from the stomach through the mouth; to be sick
Example
The patient began to vomit after taking the medication.
患者は薬を服用後、嘔吐し始めました。
C1 verb /ˈskʌt.əl/

scuttle

幸せ
Meaning
To run hurriedly with short, quick steps; or to deliberately sink a ship.
Example
The children scuttled back to their seats when the teacher entered.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せませんでした。
C1 noun /ˈpɛdlər/

peddler

行商
Meaning
a person who sells goods, often traveling from place to place
Example
The peddler walked through the village selling fresh fruits.
行商人は村を歩きながら、新鮮な果物を売っていました。
B2 noun /həˈraɪ.zənz/

horizons

地平線
Meaning
The limit of a person's mental perception, experience, or interest.
Example
The telescope opens new horizons for astronomy.
望遠鏡は天文学の新しい地平線を開きます。
B1 verb /ˈɔːrɡənaɪz/

organize

整理する
Meaning
to arrange systematically; to plan and coordinate
Example
She organized a surprise party for her friend.
彼女は友達のためにサプライズパーティーを企画した。
A1 verb /noʊ/

know

知る
Meaning
to have information about something; to be familiar with
Example
I know the answer to this question.
私はこの質問の答えを知っています。
B2 noun /ˈtʌtʃ.daʊn/

touchdown

タッチダウン
Meaning
the moment when an aircraft lands, or a score in American football
Example
The plane made a smooth touchdown.
飛行機は滑らかにタッチダウンしました。
C1 adjective /ˈhæɡ.ərd/

Haggard

疲れ果てて病気のように見える、特に疲労、心配、または苦しみから
Meaning
looking exhausted and unwell, especially from fatigue, worry, or suffering
Example
After working three nights without sleep, he looked haggard.
三晩寝ずに働いた後、彼は疲れ果てて見えた。
B1 noun, verb /ˈmɜːrdər/

murder

殺人
Meaning
the unlawful killing of a person; to kill someone unlawfully and intentionally
Example
The detective investigated the murder that shocked the town.
探偵は町を驚かせた殺人事件を調査しました。
B1 noun /ʌnˈhæp.i.nəs/

unhappiness

不幸
Meaning
the state of being unhappy; sadness or dissatisfaction
Example
Her constant unhappiness affected everyone around her.
彼女の絶え間ない不幸は周囲の人々に影響を与えた。
B1 adverb /ˈrel.ə.tɪv.li/

Relatively

相対的に
Meaning
in comparison to something else; quite; fairly
Example
The weather is relatively warm today.
今日の天気は相対的に暖かい。
C1 noun/adjective ˈflɛdʒ.lɪŋ

fledgling

未熟者, 経験不足, 新しく設立された
Meaning
New, inexperienced, newly established.
Example
The fledgling startup needs investment.
その新興企業は投資が必要です。
C2 verb /ˈmɒlikɒdl/

mollycoddle

甘やかす
Meaning
To treat someone in an overprotective and indulgent way.
Example
Parents should avoid mollycoddling their children too much.
親は子供を過度に甘やかすのを避けるべきです。
C1 verb /ˈædʒ.ɪ.teɪt/

agitate

扇動する, 激しくする
Meaning
to stir up feelings or disturb; to campaign for change
Example
The protesters agitated for better working conditions.
抗議者たちはより良い労働条件を求めて活動した。
C2 noun /ˈhelmz.mən/

Helmsman

舵手; キャプテン
Meaning
a person who steers a ship or boat; the person at the helm of a vessel
Example
The experienced helmsman skillfully guided the yacht through the narrow channel during the storm.
経験豊富な舵手は、嵐の中で狭い水路をヨットで巧みに導きました。
C2 noun /ˈpælɪˌnoʊd/

palinode

後悔の詩
Meaning
a poem or statement in which the writer retracts something said in an earlier work
Example
The poet wrote a palinode to apologize for his earlier harsh words.
詩人は以前の厳しい言葉を謝罪するために後悔の詩を書きました。
B2 adverb /bɪˈfɔːr.hænd/

Beforehand

前もって; 事前に; あらかじめ
Meaning
in advance; ahead of time; earlier
Example
We prepared everything beforehand.
私たちは前もってすべて準備しました。
A2 pronoun /huːm/

whom

誰に
Meaning
used to refer to the person or people that something is done to
Example
The man whom I met yesterday is my friend.
昨日会ったその男性は私の友達です。
C2 noun /kəˈlɒsəs/

colossus

巨人
Meaning
A person or thing of enormous size, importance, or ability.
Example
Einstein was a colossus in the world of science.
アインシュタインは科学の世界で巨人でした。
B1 noun /ˈspɪn.ɪtʃ/

Spinach

ほうれん草
Meaning
a vegetable with large dark green leaves that are eaten cooked or uncooked
Example
Fresh spinach is very nutritious.
新鮮なほうれん草はとても栄養価が高いです。
C1 noun /prəˈpoʊnənt/

proponent

支持者, 提案者
Meaning
a person who advocates for or supports a particular idea, cause, or plan
Example
She is a strong proponent of renewable energy.
彼女は再生可能エネルギーの強い支持者です。
C1 noun /ˈdʒɛntri/

gentry

上流社会
Meaning
People of good social position, usually of high birth or wealthy landowners
Example
The gentry of the town gathered for the annual ball.
町の上流社会の人々は年次の舞踏会に集まりました。
C2 noun /ˈklɪpər/

clipper

バリカン / 19世紀の速い帆船
Meaning
a tool used for cutting, or a fast sailing ship of the 19th century
Example
The barber used clippers to trim his hair.
床屋は髪を切るためにバリカンを使いました。
C2 noun /ˌɒnəˈreəriəm/

honorarium

謝礼
Meaning
A payment given for professional services that are rendered without a fee.
Example
The guest lecturer received an honorarium for her talk.
ゲスト講師は彼女の講演に対して謝礼を受け取った。
C1 noun /ˈheɪl.stɔːrm/

Hailstorm

ひょうの嵐
Meaning
a violent storm with hail falling from the sky
Example
The hailstorm damaged many cars in the parking lot.
ヘイルストームは駐車場の多くの車に損害を与えました。
B2 noun /ˈwɜːrkɪŋ mæn/

working-man

労働者
Meaning
a man engaged in manual labor or industrial work, often considered as part of the working class
Example
The working-man fought hard for better wages and conditions.
労働者はより良い賃金と条件のために懸命に戦った。
A2 noun /ˈnæpkɪn/

napkin

ナプキン
Meaning
a piece of cloth or paper used to wipe the mouth and hands while eating
Example
She placed a napkin on her lap before eating.
彼女は食事の前に膝の上にナプキンを置きました。
C1 verb /ˌdɪsɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/

disengage

解放する
Meaning
To release or detach oneself from something; to withdraw.
Example
He tried to disengage from the heated argument.
彼は熱い議論から解放しようとした。
C1 noun /ˈʃær.ən fruːt/

Sharon fruit

シャロンフルーツ
Meaning
a sweet orange persimmon fruit that can be eaten when firm
Example
The Sharon fruit is sweet and can be eaten like an apple.
シャロンフルーツは甘く、リンゴのように食べることができます。
B1 verb /lend/

lend

貸す
Meaning
to give temporarily; to allow someone to use something
Example
Can you lend me your pen?
あなたは私にペンを貸してくれますか？
C1 adjective /ˈfiːlaɪn/

feline

猫に関する
Meaning
relating to or characteristic of cats
Example
Her movements were graceful and almost feline in their elegance.
彼女の動きは優雅で、ほとんど猫のようだった。
C2 noun /ˈɔːriˌoʊl/

aureole

オーラ
Meaning
A halo or radiance surrounding the head or body, often in religious art.
Example
The painting showed the saint with an aureole around his head.
その絵は、聖人が頭の周りにオーラを持っているのを示していました。
B2 noun ˈlaɪf ɪkˌspek.tən.si

life expectancy

平均寿命
Meaning
The average period that a person may expect to live; the length of time for which something is expected to last or to continue being effective.
Example
Life expectancy depends on healthcare quality.
平均寿命は医療の質に依存します。
B1 adjective /drʌŋk/

drunk

酔っ払った
Meaning
affected by alcohol to the point of losing control of one's faculties or behavior
Example
He was too drunk to walk straight.
彼は酔っ払って、まっすぐ歩けなかった。
C1 adjective /ˈhɛlθfəl/

healthful

健康的な
Meaning
Promoting good health; beneficial to health.
Example
A healthful diet includes fresh fruits and vegetables.
健康的な食事には新鮮な果物と野菜が含まれています。
C2 adjective /ˈruːbɪkənd/

rubicund

健康的な赤みを帯びた顔
Meaning
Having a healthy reddish complexion.
Example
The old man’s rubicund face showed he was in good health.
その老人の赤みを帯びた顔は、彼が健康であることを示していた。
C1 noun /ˈhɔː.kər/

Hawker

屋台販売者
Meaning
a person who travels about selling goods, typically from door to door or on the street
Example
The hawker sold fresh fruits from his cart.
屋台販売者は彼のカートから新鮮な果物を売っていた。
B2 noun /ˈpɒm.ɪˌɡræn.ɪt/

Pomegranate

Meaning
a round fruit with thick red skin containing many small red seeds with juice
Example
The pomegranate seeds were sweet and refreshing.
C2 noun ˈoʊʃən ˌstrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃən

ocean stratification

海洋の成層
Meaning
The formation of layers in ocean water due to differences in density.
Example
Ocean stratification affects marine biodiversity.
オーシャンストラティフィケーションは海洋生物多様性に影響を与えます。
C2 adjective /ˈæsənənt/

assonant

アソナンス
Meaning
Having or characterized by assonance; repeating similar vowel sounds.
Example
The poem is filled with assonant words that create a musical rhythm.
その詩は音楽的なリズムを生み出すアソナンスの言葉で満ちています。
C1 adjective /ˈrʌɡ.ɪd/

Rugged

でこぼこで不規則な; 不規則な表面を持つ; 強くて丈夫な
Meaning
rough and uneven; having a rough irregular surface; tough and strong
Example
The hikers crossed the rugged mountain terrain.
ハイカーたちは荒れた山岳地帯を越えた。
C1 noun /ˈfen.jʊ.griːk/

Fenugreek

フェヌグリーク
Meaning
an herb whose seeds and leaves are used as a spice in cooking
Example
Fenugreek seeds have a slightly bitter taste and are commonly used in Indian cuisine.
フェヌグリークの種は少し苦味があり、インディアン・カレーなどでよく使われます。
C2 noun /mɛnˈdæsəti/

mendacity

虚偽
Meaning
the tendency to be untruthful; dishonesty
Example
The journalist exposed the mendacity of the officials.
ジャーナリストは役人たちの虚偽を暴露しました。
C2 adjective /ɪkˈskɜːsɪv/

excursive

逸脱した
Meaning
Tending to digress or wander; moving away from the main subject.
Example
His excursive lecture left the students confused about the main topic.
彼の逸脱した講義は、学生たちを主題について混乱させました。
B1 verb /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

regard

考える
Meaning
to consider or think of in a particular way; to look at
Example
She regards him as her best friend.
彼女は彼を親友として考えている。
C2 adjective /ɪkˈstɛnsəbl/

extensible

拡張可能
Meaning
able to be extended; capable of expansion.
Example
The software is designed to be extensible with new features.
そのソフトウェアは新しい機能で拡張可能なように設計されています。
C2 adjective /ˌɛkjʊˈmɛnɪkəl/

ecumenical

エキュメニカルな宗教的統一
Meaning
Promoting unity among different Christian churches or religions.
Example
The leaders gathered for an ecumenical conference to encourage dialogue.
リーダーたちは対話を促進するためにエキュメニカルな会議に集まりました。
B2 noun /ˈkrɪtɪk/

critic

批評家
Meaning
A person who judges the merits of something, especially art or literature
Example
The film critic praised the director's latest movie.
映画批評家は監督の最新映画を称賛しました。
B2 noun /ˈprɛmɪs/

premise

前提 / 建物
Meaning
a statement or idea on which reasoning or an argument is based; also a building or property
Example
His argument was based on a false premise.
彼の議論は誤った前提に基づいていました。
B1 noun /əˈtrækʃən/

Attraction

アトラクション; 引力;
Meaning
the action or power of evoking interest or pleasure in something; a place that draws visitors
Example
The museum is the main attraction for tourists in this city.
この博物館はこの都市の観光客の主なアトラクションです。
C2 adjective /ləˈkɒnɪk/

laconic

簡潔な
Meaning
using very few words; concise to the point of seeming rude or mysterious
Example
His laconic reply ended the conversation quickly.
彼の簡潔な返答は会話を迅速に終わらせた。
C1 noun/verb /skɜːrdʒ/

scourge

Meaning
A source of great pain or punishment; to whip or inflict suffering on someone.
Example
Disease and poverty remain a scourge in many regions.
B2 noun /kleɪ/

clay

粘土
Meaning
a natural material made of fine earth that becomes hard when baked, used for making pottery
Example
The artist molded the wet clay into a beautiful vase.
アーティストは湿った粘土を使って美しい花瓶を作りました。
C1 noun flɛər

flair

才能
Meaning
A natural ability to do something well.
Example
She has a flair for design, always creating visually stunning work.
彼女はデザインに才能があり、常に視覚的に印象的な作品を作り出します。
C1 noun ˌtoʊ.kə.nɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

tokenization

テキストを分析するために、単語、フレーズ、または記号などの小さな単位に分割するプロセス。
Meaning
The process of breaking text into smaller units like words, phrases, or symbols for analysis.
Example
NLP uses tokenization to break text into smaller units.
NLPはテキストを小さな単位に分割するためにトークン化を使用します。
B2 noun /ˈfɔːrmjələ/

formula

公式
Meaning
a fixed method for doing something; a mathematical or chemical rule expressed in symbols
Example
The scientist discovered a new formula for the medicine.
科学者は新しい薬の公式を発見しました。
A2 adjective /ˈkʌlərfəl/

colorful

カラフル
Meaning
having bright colors; full of variety or interest
Example
The festival was full of colorful decorations.
その祭りはカラフルな装飾でいっぱいでした。
C1 noun ˌmɛməraɪˈzeɪʃən

memorization

暗記
Meaning
The process of learning or committing something to memory
Example
Memorization of important information is crucial for exams.
重要な情報の暗記は試験において重要です。
C1 verb /ˈskævɪndʒ/

scavenge

ゴミの中から探す
Meaning
to search through waste or discarded material to find useful items
Example
The children scavenged for food in the garbage dump.
子供たちはゴミ捨て場で食べ物を探していました。
C1 verb /dɪˈtrækt/

detract

Meaning
To reduce or take away the worth or value of something.
Example
His rude behavior will detract from his good reputation.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈriːdəbl/

unreadable

読めない
Meaning
not able to be read or understood clearly; illegible
Example
The doctor’s handwriting was completely unreadable.
医者の字は完全に読めなかった。
C1 adjective /pɪˈkjuːniˌɛri/

pecuniary

財政的な
Meaning
relating to money or financial matters
Example
They faced pecuniary difficulties after the business failed.
彼らはビジネスが失敗した後、財政的な困難に直面しました。
C1 noun /ˈrʌfiən/

Ruffian

暴力的な人物; 不良;
Meaning
a violent person, especially one involved in crime; a brutal or lawless person
Example
The ruffian threatened the shopkeeper for money.
不良は店主を金のために脅した。
C1 adjective /ˈen.vi.ə.bəl/

Enviable

うらやましい
Meaning
causing envy; desirable
Example
Her success was enviable among her peers.
彼女の成功は仲間の間でうらやましかった。
B1 adjective /ˈwel.θi/

Wealthy

裕福な; 金持ちの; 繁栄した
Meaning
having a great deal of money; rich; prosperous
Example
The wealthy businessman donated millions to charity.
裕福な実業家は慈善活動に何百万ドルも寄付しました。
B2 noun /səbˈskraɪbər/

subscriber

サブスクライバー
Meaning
a person who receives or subscribes to a service, magazine, or service
Example
She is a subscriber to the monthly magazine.
彼女は月刊誌のサブスクライバーです。
C2 verb /ˌsuːpərɪnˈtɛnd/

superintend

監督する
Meaning
to oversee and direct the work or operation of something
Example
She was hired to superintend the construction project.
彼女は建設プロジェクトを監督するために雇われました。
C2 noun /ˈɒbsɪkwi/

obsequy

葬儀
Meaning
A funeral rite, usually used in plural form obsequies.
Example
The village gathered for the obsequy of their beloved teacher.
村人たちは、愛する教師の葬儀のために集まりました。
C2 noun /ˈmɪlk pɒt/

Milk-pot

ミルクポット
Meaning
a container specifically used for storing or serving milk
Example
She poured fresh milk from the milk-pot into her glass.
彼女はミルクポットから新鮮なミルクをグラスに注いだ。
C2 noun /ˈfrɔːdjʊləns/

fraudulence

詐欺
Meaning
The quality or state of being fraudulent; deceitfulness.
Example
The audit revealed fraudulence in the financial statements.
監査は財務諸表における詐欺を明らかにしました。
C2 adjective /ˈruːmi/

rheumy

涙目
Meaning
Watery, especially referring to the eyes.
Example
His rheumy eyes showed signs of age and fatigue.
彼の涙目は年齢と疲れの兆しを示していた。
C2 noun /ˈaɪ.ərn.wʊd/

Ironwood

アイアンウッド
Meaning
a hard, dense wood from various trees; also the tree itself that produces small flowers
Example
The ironwood tree blooms with tiny white flowers.
アイアンウッドの木は小さな白い花を咲かせます。
C1 adjective /ˈækʃənəbl̩/

actionable

実行可能な
Meaning
Able to be acted on or giving sufficient reason for legal action.
Example
The lawyer confirmed that the evidence was actionable in court.
弁護士は証拠が法廷で実行可能であることを確認しました。
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːmiəbl/

impermeable

不透水の
Meaning
Not allowing fluid or gas to pass through.
Example
The container is made of impermeable plastic.
その容器は不透水のプラスチックでできています。
B2 adjective /ˈtaɪm.li/

Timely

タイムリーな; 時間通りの
Meaning
happening at the right time; punctual
Example
His timely arrival saved the meeting.
彼のタイムリーな到着は会議を救いました。
B2 verb /dɪˈtekt/

detect

検出する
Meaning
to discover or identify the presence or existence of something; to notice something that is not immediately obvious
Example
The security system can detect movement in the building.
セキュリティシステムは建物内の動きを検出できます。
C1 noun /ˈnɛkˌlaɪn/

neckline

ネックライン
Meaning
the edge of a garment around the neck, especially as cut to form a particular shape
Example
The dress has a beautiful V-shaped neckline.
そのドレスには美しいV字型のネックラインがあります。
C2 verb /ˈɛkspieɪt/

expiate

Meaning
to make amends for guilt or wrongdoing
Example
He tried to expiate his crime by helping the poor.
C2 noun /ˈræʃənəlɪzəm/

rationalism

合理主義
Meaning
a belief or theory that opinions and actions should be based on reason and knowledge rather than religious belief or emotion
Example
Rationalism emphasizes logic and reasoning over faith.
合理主義は信仰よりも論理と推論を強調します。
B1 noun /piː/

Pea

エンドウ豆
Meaning
a small round green seed eaten as a vegetable
Example
The children enjoyed eating sweet peas with dinner.
子供たちはディナーで甘いエンドウ豆を食べるのが好きでした。
B2 adjective /dʒaɪˈɡæntɪk/

gigantic

巨大な
Meaning
Extremely large or huge in size, power, or extent.
Example
The company made a gigantic investment in technology.
その企業は技術に巨額の投資をしました。
C1 adjective ɪˈroʊ.ni.əs

erroneous

誤った、間違った
Meaning
Wrong; incorrect.
Example
His assumptions were completely erroneous.
彼の仮定は完全に誤っていた。
B1 noun /vəˈraɪəti/

Variety

多様性; 種類
Meaning
the quality of being different or diverse; a number of things of the same general class that are distinct in character or quality
Example
The restaurant offers a wide variety of international dishes.
レストランは多彩な国際料理を提供しています。
C1 noun /ɪnˈkɒmpɪtəns/

incompetence

無能
Meaning
Lack of ability, skill, or effectiveness in doing something.
Example
The project failed due to the manager’s incompetence.
プロジェクトはマネージャーの無能のため失敗しました。
C1 noun /flæt fɪʃ/

Flat fish

カレイ
Meaning
a type of fish with a flattened body that lives on the sea floor
Example
Flat fish like sole and flounder are excellent for grilling.
カレイやヒラメのようなフラットフィッシュはグリルに最適です。
C1 noun /ˈɒktɪv/

octave

Meaning
A series of eight musical notes, or the interval between one musical pitch and another with double its frequency.
Example
The singer's voice could easily reach the higher octave.
C1 verb /ˈblækən/

blacken

黒くする
Meaning
to make something black or darker; to stain, soil, or tarnish
Example
Smoke from the fire began to blacken the walls.
火事の煙が壁を黒くし始めた。
C2 noun /spliːn/

spleen

脾臓; 怒り
Meaning
an organ in the body that produces lymphocytes and filters blood; also refers to bad temper or spite
Example
He vented his spleen on his coworkers after the meeting.
会議後、彼は同僚に対して怒りをぶつけました。
B2 verb, noun /kəˈmjuːt/

commute

通勤
Meaning
Verb: to travel regularly between home and work; Noun: the journey to and from work.
Example
He commutes two hours every day to reach his office.
彼は毎日オフィスに着くために二時間通勤している。
C1 verb /ˌʌndərˈsɛl/

undersell

Meaning
to sell something at a lower price than competitors or to downplay the value of something
Example
The shop undersold its rivals by offering huge discounts.
A2 noun/verb /ˈɛɡzɪt/

exit

出口
Meaning
A way out of a place; the act of leaving.
Example
He quickly found the nearest exit during the fire drill.
彼は火災訓練中に最寄りの出口をすぐに見つけた。
B1 adjective /ʌnˈfeər/

Unfair

不公平; 不正;
Meaning
not right or just; treating people in a way that favors some over others
Example
It's unfair to blame her for something she didn't do.
それは彼女がやっていないことを責めるのは不公平です。
C1 adjective, verb /ɪɡˈzɛmpt/

exempt

免除
Meaning
Free from an obligation or liability imposed on others.
Example
Students with high grades are exempt from the final exam.
優秀な成績を収めた学生は、最終試験を免除されます。
C2 adjective ɪnˈfiː.zə.bəl

infeasible

不可能
Meaning
Not possible to do easily or conveniently; impracticable.
Example
Restoring the forest may become infeasible if destruction continues.
森林の回復は、破壊が続くと不可能になる可能性があります。
A2 verb, noun /dɪsˈlaɪk/

dislike

嫌う
Meaning
to feel distaste or aversion for someone or something; a feeling of aversion
Example
I really dislike eating spicy food.
私は本当に辛い食べ物を食べるのが嫌いです。
C1 verb /wɔːrp/

warp

Meaning
To twist or bend out of shape, often due to heat or moisture.
Example
The wooden door warped in the summer heat.
B2 verb /dɪˈspaɪz/

despise

軽蔑する
Meaning
to regard with contempt; to hate strongly
Example
She despises dishonesty in all its forms.
彼女はすべての不正直を軽蔑している。
C1 noun /ˈɛdɪfɪs/

edifice

建物
Meaning
A large, impressive building or structure.
Example
The museum is an impressive edifice in the city center.
その博物館は市内中心部の印象的な建物です。
B1 noun /rɪst/

Wrist

手首
Meaning
the joint connecting the hand with the forearm
Example
He wore a watch on his wrist.
彼は手首に時計をしていた。
C1 verb /ˈskwɒbəl/

squabble

些細なことで口論する
Meaning
To argue noisily over something small or unimportant.
Example
The children squabbled over the last piece of cake.
子供たちはケーキの最後の一切れを巡って争っていました。
B2 adjective /dɪˈfɪnɪtɪv/

definitive

決定的
Meaning
serving as a final or most authoritative form; conclusive and decisive
Example
The committee reached a definitive agreement on the policy.
委員会は政策に関する決定的な合意に達しました。
C1 verb /sʌlk/

sulk

むくれる
Meaning
to be silent and bad-tempered because you are angry or disappointed
Example
She sulked in her room after the argument.
議論の後、彼女は自分の部屋でむくれていた。
C2 noun /dreɪk/

Drake

雄鴨
Meaning
a male duck; a type of waterfowl
Example
The drake led his family of ducks across the pond.
そのドレイクは、家族のカモたちを池の向こうに連れて行きました。
C1 noun /ˈspɛkjʊˌleɪtər/

speculator

投機家
Meaning
A person who forms theories without evidence, or invests in assets hoping for profit.
Example
The real estate speculator bought land hoping its value would rise.
不動産投機家は、土地の価値が上がることを期待して土地を購入しました。
C2 adverb /hərˈmɛtɪkli/

hermetically

密封的に
Meaning
In a way that is completely airtight or sealed off.
Example
The jars were hermetically sealed to preserve freshness.
瓶は新鮮さを保つために密封的に封印されました。
A2 verb /əˈfɔːrd/

afford

余裕がある
Meaning
to have enough money to buy; to be able to spare
Example
I can't afford a new car right now.
今、新しい車を買う余裕がありません。
C2 noun /əˈɡrɒnəmi/

agronomy

農業学
Meaning
The science and practice of soil management and crop production, focusing on the principles of plant and soil science to optimize agricultural productivity.
Example
Agronomy focuses on soil management and crop production.
農業学は土壌管理と作物生産に焦点を当てています。
C2 adverb /ˈwɪtɪŋli/

wittingly

意図的に
Meaning
Consciously and intentionally; on purpose.
Example
He wittingly withheld information from the police.
彼は意図的に警察に情報を隠した。
A2 verb /kənˈtɪn.juːd/

continued

続ける
Meaning
Kept happening or carried on without stopping.
Example
She continued working despite the challenges.
彼女は挑戦にもかかわらず働き続けました。
B2 adverb /ˈænjuəli/

annually

年次
Meaning
once every year; yearly
Example
The company holds a general meeting annually.
その会社は毎年年次総会を開きます。
C2 noun /ˈtɒksɪn/

tocsin

警報ベル
Meaning
an alarm bell or signal; a warning that something bad is about to happen
Example
The data breach sounded a tocsin for stricter security.
データ漏洩は厳重なセキュリティ強化のための警報ベルのように鳴った。
B2 noun /lɔːɡ/

Log

丸太
Meaning
a piece of a dead or felled tree trunk or branch, especially one stripped of bark
Example
They sat on a log by the campfire.
彼らはキャンプファイヤーのそばで丸太に座った。
B2 noun /ˈsɜːr.plʌs/

surplus

余剰
Meaning
An amount that is more than what is needed.
Example
The country has a surplus of food this year.
今年、その国には食料の余剰があります。
C1 noun /dɪˈfen.dənt/

Defendant

被告
Meaning
an individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law
Example
The defendant pleaded not guilty to all charges brought against him.
被告は、彼に対するすべての告発に対して無罪を主張しました。
B2 noun/adjective /rɪˈpʌblɪkən/

republican

共和党員
Meaning
a member or supporter of a republican political party or system
Example
The republican candidate won the election.
リパブリカン候補者は選挙に勝利しました。
A2 noun /ɡʌn/

Gun

銃
Meaning
a weapon that fires bullets or other projectiles from a metal tube
Example
The soldier cleaned his gun after the training session.
兵士は訓練後に自分の銃を掃除しました。
C2 noun, adjective /ˌtætərdɪˈmeɪliən/

tatterdemalion

ぼろぼろの服を着た人
Meaning
A person dressed in ragged clothes; ragged or dilapidated in appearance.
Example
A tatterdemalion wandered the streets in search of food.
タッターデマリオンは食べ物を探して通りを歩いていました。
B2 noun /waɪt ˈpɛpər/

White Pepper

ホワイトペッパー
Meaning
a spice made from dried peppercorns with the outer husk removed
Example
She added white pepper to the cream soup for a mild spicy flavor.
彼女はクリームスープにホワイトペッパーを加え、まろやかな辛味を加えました。
C2 noun /ˈbɑːrbərɪzəm/

Barbarism

野蛮
Meaning
extreme cruelty or brutality; absence of culture and civilization
Example
The barbarism of the war crimes shocked the entire international community.
戦争犯罪の野蛮さは国際社会全体を衝撃に陥れた。
A2 adverb, adjective, verb, noun /ˈfɔːrwərd/

forward

前進
Meaning
toward the front; to advance or send ahead; an onward position or direction
Example
The troops moved forward to secure the bridge.
部隊は橋を確保するために前進しました。
C2 noun /ˈdɛvɪltrɪ/

deviltry

悪魔的な行為
Meaning
Cruel or malicious behavior; mischief with an evil aspect.
Example
The villain’s deviltry terrified the townsfolk.
悪党の悪魔的な行為は町の人々を恐れさせました。