vivacious
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C1 adjective /vɪˈveɪʃəs/

vivacious

活発
Meaning
Attractively lively and animated.
Example
She was admired for her vivacious personality.
彼女はその活発な性格で賞賛された。
C1 noun /ˈpoʊʃən/

potion

薬の飲み物
Meaning
a liquid with healing, magical, or poisonous properties
Example
The witch gave the hero a healing potion.
魔女はヒーローに治療用のポーションを渡しました。
C1 noun /ˈsɪləbəl/

syllable

音節
Meaning
A unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or part of a word.
Example
The word 'computer' has three syllables.
‘コンピュータ’という言葉は3つの音節から成り立っています。
C1 verb /sərˈmaɪz/

surmise

推測する
Meaning
to suppose something is true without having evidence
Example
She surmised that he was not coming to the meeting.
彼女は彼が会議に来ないだろうと推測した。
C1 noun əˌsɪm.ɪˈleɪ.ʃən

Assimilation

同化
Meaning
Connecting new information with existing knowledge
Example
Proper assimilation of knowledge leads to effective learning.
知識の適切な同化は効果的な学習につながります。
C1 noun /kənˈfɔːrmɪst/

conformist

コンフォーミスト
Meaning
A person who uncritically conforms to established practices or standards.
Example
She was labeled a conformist for always following the crowd.
彼女はいつも人々に従っていたため、コンフォーミストとレッテルを貼られた。
C1 noun /ˈsʌn.stroʊk/

Sunstroke

熱中症
Meaning
a serious condition caused by overheating from prolonged exposure to high temperatures
Example
The worker suffered from sunstroke after working outside all day.
その労働者は一日中外で働いた後、日射病にかかりました。
C1 adjective /ˈeɪ.mi.ə.bəl/

Amiable

親しみやすくて快適; 良い性格の; 親切
Meaning
friendly and pleasant; good-natured; kind
Example
My neighbor is very amiable and always greets everyone warmly.
私の隣人はとても親しみやすく、いつも暖かく挨拶をします。
C1 noun /ˈrɛtʃɪdnəs/

wretchedness

悲惨
Meaning
a state of misery, unhappiness, or poor condition
Example
The novel depicts the wretchedness of war victims.
その小説は戦争の犠牲者の悲惨さを描いています。
C1 adjective /ˈstɛlər/

stellar

素晴らしい
Meaning
Relating to stars; outstanding or excellent.
Example
She gave a stellar performance in the play.
彼女は劇中で素晴らしいパフォーマンスを披露しました。
C1 adjective /ˈsæljʊˌtɛri/

salutary

有益な
Meaning
Producing good effects; beneficial, especially after something unpleasant.
Example
The accident was a salutary reminder to drive carefully.
その事故は、慎重に運転することを思い出させる有益な教訓でした。
C1 noun /ˌtɛstɪˈməʊnɪəlz/

testimonials

推薦状, 証言
Meaning
Written or spoken statements of praise or recommendation from clients or customers.
Example
Positive testimonials can enhance a company's reputation.
ポジティブなテスティモニアルは企業の評判を高めることができます。
C1 noun /ˌres.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

Recitation

朗読
Meaning
the action of reciting or repeating aloud from memory
Example
The poetry recitation contest was held in the auditorium.
詩の朗読大会はホールで行われました。
C1 noun /ˈliːʒən/

lesion

傷
Meaning
An area of damage or abnormal change in the tissue of an organism, often caused by injury or disease.
Example
The doctor examined the skin lesion carefully.
医者は皮膚の傷を注意深く調べました。
C1 verb /ˌrɛzəˈrɛkt/

resurrect

復活させる
Meaning
To bring back to life or revive something from the past.
Example
The director decided to resurrect the old play for a new audience.
監督は新しい観客のために古い劇を復活させることに決めました。
C1 adjective /ˈsnɒbɪʃ/

snobbish

高慢
Meaning
having or showing the attitude of people who think they are better than others
Example
She seemed snobbish because she avoided talking to the waiters.
彼女はウェイターと話すのを避けたので、高慢に見えました。
C1 noun /ˈəʊ.nəs/

onus

責任
Meaning
A duty or responsibility, especially a heavy one.
Example
The onus is on the government to provide relief to the victims.
犠牲者に支援を提供する責任は政府にあります。
C1 adjective /ˈtɔːrtʃuəs/

tortuous

曲がりくねった, 複雑
Meaning
Full of twists and turns; excessively complex or complicated.
Example
The tortuous mountain road made driving very difficult.
曲がりくねった山道が運転を非常に難しくした。
C1 adjective /ɪˌlɪzəˈbiːθən/

elizabethan

エリザベス朝時代
Meaning
Relating to the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England (1558–1603), especially the style of that period.
Example
Shakespeare wrote many of his plays during the Elizabethan era.
シェイクスピアはエリザベス朝時代に多くの戯曲を書きました。
C1 adverb /ˈmerɪli/

Merrily

楽しそうに
Meaning
in a cheerful and joyful manner
Example
The children played merrily in the garden.
子供たちは庭で楽しそうに遊んでいました。
C1 verb /broʊtʃ/

broach

取り上げる
Meaning
to bring up a subject for discussion
Example
She decided to broach the topic of salary with her manager.
彼女はマネージャーと給料の話題を取り上げることに決めました。
C1 noun /ˌnɑm.əˈni/

Nominee

ノミネートされた人
Meaning
a person who is nominated for an office, award, or honor
Example
She was the nominee for the Best Actress award.
彼女は最優秀女優賞のノミネートされた人でした。
C1 noun /ˌdʒʌkstəpəˈzɪʃən/

juxtaposition

並置
Meaning
The fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.
Example
The juxtaposition of light and dark colors created a dramatic effect.
明るい色と暗い色の並置が劇的な効果を生み出しました。
C1 adjective /ˈpæs.ə.bəl/

passable

受け入れ可能
Meaning
good enough to be accepted, though not excellent
Example
The road is barely passable after the storm.
嵐の後、道はかろうじて通行可能です。
C1 verb sɪˈkwɛstər

sequester

隔離する, 隠す
Meaning
To isolate or hide away.
Example
The carbon captured by trees can be sequestered for years.
木々によって捕えられた炭素は、何年も隔離されることがあります。
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɜːrsəneɪt/

impersonate

偽る
Meaning
to pretend to be another person in order to entertain or deceive
Example
He was arrested for trying to impersonate a police officer.
彼は警察官を装おうとしたため逮捕されました。
C1 noun /ˈdʒuː.bɪ.liː/

Jubilee

記念日; 特別な記念式典
Meaning
a special anniversary celebration, especially the 25th, 50th, or 60th anniversary of an important event
Example
The school celebrated its golden jubilee with a grand ceremony.
学校はその金色の記念日を豪華な式典で祝いました。
C1 noun /ˌfəʊtəʊˈsɪnθɛtɪk ɪˈfɪʃənsi/

photosynthetic efficiency

光合成効率
Meaning
The measure of how effectively plants convert light energy into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis, directly affecting plant growth and crop yield.
Example
Improving photosynthetic efficiency can increase crop yields.
光合成効率を改善すると、作物の収量を増やすことができます。
C1 noun /ˈsteɪ.ʃən.ər/

Stationer

文房具店
Meaning
a person who sells paper, pens, pencils, and other office supplies
Example
The stationer recommended the best pens for writing exams.
文房具屋は試験のための最適なペンを推薦しました。
C1 noun /ˈpʊlpɪt/

pulpit

説教台
Meaning
a raised platform in a church from which the preacher delivers a sermon
Example
The pastor stood at the pulpit to address the congregation.
牧師は説教台の前に立って、会衆に向かって話した。
C1 noun, verb /ˈfɜːrloʊ/

furlough

一時休職
Meaning
temporary leave of absence from work, especially that granted to an employee or soldier
Example
Many workers were placed on furlough during the crisis.
多くの労働者は危機の間に休職させられました。
C1 verb /dɪˈmoʊt/

demote

降格
Meaning
to reduce to a lower rank or position
Example
The manager decided to demote the employee for poor performance.
マネージャーはパフォーマンスが悪いため、従業員を降格させることに決めました。
C1 verb /ˈɔːstrəˌsaɪz/

ostracize

追放する
Meaning
to exclude someone from a group or society; to banish or shun
Example
After the scandal, he was ostracized by his former colleagues.
スキャンダル後、彼は元同僚に追放された。
C1 adjective /ˈnɑːkʃəs/

noxious

有害な
Meaning
harmful, poisonous, or very unpleasant
Example
The factory released noxious fumes into the air.
工場は空気中に有害な煙を放出した。
C1 noun /əˌsæsɪˈneɪʃən/

assassination

暗殺
Meaning
The act of killing someone important, often for political or ideological reasons.
Example
The assassination of the president shocked the nation.
大統領の暗殺は国全体を驚かせた。
C1 verb /ˌsuːpərˈsiːd/

supersede

置き換える
Meaning
To replace or take the place of something because it is more modern or effective.
Example
This new law will supersede the old regulations.
この新しい法律は古い規則を置き換えます。
C1 noun dɪˌlɪb.əˈreɪ.ʃən

deliberation

熟考
Meaning
Long and careful consideration or discussion.
Example
The agreement was finalized after much deliberation.
その合意は多くの熟考の末に最終決定されました。
C1 noun /kənˈveɪəns/

conveyance

輸送
Meaning
The action or process of transporting or carrying someone or something from one place to another.
Example
The conveyance of goods was delayed due to bad weather.
悪天候のため、商品の輸送が遅れました。
C1 verb /ˈmʌmbəl/

mumble

Meaning
To speak quietly and not clearly so that words are difficult to understand.
Example
He mumbled an apology before leaving.
C1 noun /ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛrəpi/

psychotherapy

心理療法
Meaning
The treatment of mental disorder by psychological rather than medical means.
Example
She attended weekly psychotherapy sessions to cope with her anxiety.
彼女は不安に対処するために、毎週心理療法のセッションに参加しました。
C1 verb /ˈdʒepərdaɪz/

jeopardize

危険にさらす
Meaning
to put something at risk of being damaged or destroyed
Example
His reckless behavior could jeopardize his career.
彼の無謀な行動は彼のキャリアを危険にさらす可能性がある。
C1 adjective পারসিভেবল

perceivable

知覚可能
Meaning
Able to be seen, noticed, or detected.
Example
The changes in winter weather are perceivable in rural areas.
冬の天気の変化は農村地域で知覚可能です。
C1 verb /ˈstɪɡmətaɪz/

stigmatize

スティグマタイズする
Meaning
to describe or regard someone as worthy of disgrace or disapproval
Example
People with certain illnesses are often unfairly stigmatized.
特定の病気の人々はしばしば不当な方法でスティグマタイズされる。
C1 noun /krəˈvæs/

crevasse

深い亀裂
Meaning
a deep crack in a glacier or the earth’s surface
Example
The climbers carefully crossed the icy crevasse.
登山者たちは慎重に氷の亀裂を越えました。
C1 noun /ˌjuːθəˈneɪʒə/

euthanasia

安楽死
Meaning
The practice of intentionally ending a life to relieve pain and suffering.
Example
The debate about euthanasia raises difficult ethical questions.
安楽死についての議論は、難しい倫理的な問題を提起します。
C1 adjective /moʊv/

mauve

薄紫色
Meaning
a pale purple color with a grayish or bluish tinge
Example
She wore a beautiful mauve dress to the party.
彼女はパーティーで美しい薄紫色のドレスを着ていた。
C1 adjective /ˈbrɪslɪŋ/

bristling

逆立ちした; エネルギーに満ちた
Meaning
full of energy, anger, or excitement; showing bristles standing up
Example
He entered the room bristling with confidence.
彼は自信満々で部屋に入った。
C1 noun /ˈvɜːrtɛks/

vertex

頂点
Meaning
The highest point; the top or the apex.
Example
The climber reached the vertex of the mountain.
登山者は山の頂点に達しました。
C1 noun /ɪmˈbɛzlmənt/

embezzlement

横領
Meaning
The act of dishonestly taking money or property entrusted to one's care.
Example
The accountant was arrested for embezzlement of company funds.
会計士は会社の資金を横領したため逮捕されました。
C1 noun /ˈdɑː.mə.saɪl/

domicile

住居地
Meaning
A person's legal residence or permanent home.
Example
He declared Canada as his legal domicile.
彼はカナダを彼の法的な住居地として宣言しました。
C1 noun /ˈfɪɡjərˌhɛd/

figurehead

名目上の指導者
Meaning
a nominal leader with no real power; a symbolic head
Example
The king was merely a figurehead with no real authority.
王は実際の権限を持たない象徴的な指導者に過ぎなかった。
C1 verb /dɪˈfaɪl/

defile

汚す
Meaning
to pollute, corrupt, or make dirty
Example
The river was defiled by industrial waste.
川は工業廃水によって汚された。
C1 noun /ˌmɔːrəˈtɔːriəm/

moratorium

モラトリアム
Meaning
A temporary suspension or delay of an activity, law, or obligation.
Example
The government announced a moratorium on new mining licenses.
政府は新しい鉱鉱許可に対してモラトリアムを発表しました。
C1 verb /fret/

fret

心配する
Meaning
to worry or be anxious; to be troubled
Example
Don't fret about the exam results.
試験結果について心配しないでください。
C1 noun kənˈvɜː.dʒəns

convergence

収束
Meaning
The process of coming together from different directions to meet at a common point; unification or integration.
Example
The convergence of technologies is revolutionizing industries.
技術の収束が産業を革命的に変革しています。
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛpərəbəl/

Irreparable

修復不可能
Meaning
impossible to repair or fix; permanent damage that cannot be undone
Example
The accident caused irreparable damage to his spine.
その事故は彼の背骨に修復不可能な損傷を与えました。
C1 noun /doʊ/

doe

雌鹿
Meaning
a female deer, especially an adult one
Example
The doe and her fawn were grazing in the meadow.
雌鹿とその子鹿は草原で草を食べていました。
C1 noun, adjective /ˈrɛvərənd/

reverend

牧師, 尊敬される
Meaning
A title of respect used for members of the clergy; deserving deep respect.
Example
The Reverend gave an inspiring sermon at the church.
レヴァレンドは教会で感動的な説教をしました。
C1 verb ˈlæŋ.ɡwɪʃ

languish

衰退するまたは不振になる
Meaning
To remain in a state of neglect or decline for a long time without improvement.
Example
The project began to languish due to a lack of funding.
そのプロジェクトは資金不足で衰退し始めました。
C1 noun /ˌmiːtiəˈrɒlədʒi/

meteorology

気象学
Meaning
The scientific study of the atmosphere and weather.
Example
He chose to specialize in meteorology to study weather patterns.
彼は天気のパターンを研究するために気象学を専門に選びました。
C1 noun /ɪnˈsɜːrdʒəns/

insurgence

反乱
Meaning
An act of rebellion or uprising against authority.
Example
The government struggled to contain the growing insurgence.
政府は増大する反乱を抑制するのに苦労した。
C1 noun /ˈsɑːɡə/

saga

長い物語
Meaning
A long story of heroic achievement, or a long, complex series of events.
Example
The company's rise and fall became a corporate saga.
会社の興隆と衰退は企業のサガとなった。
C1 adjective /ˈfɜːrtɪv/

furtive

ひそかな
Meaning
Attempting to avoid notice or attention, typically because of guilt or a belief that discovery would lead to trouble.
Example
He cast a furtive glance at the door before leaving.
彼は出発前にひそかにドアを見た。
C1 verb /kənˈstrɪkt/

constrict

絞る
Meaning
to make narrower or tighter; to shrink or compress
Example
The snake constricted its prey before swallowing.
その蛇は獲物を飲み込む前に締め付けました。
C1 adjective /əˈluːf/

aloof

距離を置いた
Meaning
Not friendly or forthcoming; cool and distant.
Example
He remained aloof during the entire discussion.
彼は議論の間ずっと距離を置いていました。
C1 adjective /ʌnˈsɪvəlaɪzd/

Uncivilized

未開の; 野蛮な;
Meaning
not developed in terms of civilization; lacking social organization and culture; barbarous
Example
The explorers encountered an uncivilized tribe deep in the Amazon rainforest.
探検家たちはアマゾンの雨林の奥深くで未開の部族に出会った。
C1 noun əˈtrɒs.ɪ.tiz

atrocities

残虐行為
Meaning
Extremely wicked or cruel acts, typically involving physical violence or injury.
Example
The atrocities shocked the international community.
その残虐行為は国際社会を震撼させた。
C1 noun /ˈspɛktər/

specter

幽霊
Meaning
A ghost or spirit; something that causes fear or dread.
Example
The specter of war still haunts the region.
戦争の幽霊は今でもその地域をおびやかしています。
C1 noun ˌsteɪbəlaɪˈzeɪʃən

stabilization

安定化
Meaning
The process of making or becoming stable.
Example
The stabilization of the structure was essential after the earthquake.
地震後、構造の安定化が不可欠でした。
C1 verb /bɪˈmoʊn/

bemoan

嘆く
Meaning
To express discontent or sorrow over something.
Example
Critics bemoaned the lack of diversity in the film.
批評家たちは映画の多様性の欠如を嘆いた。
C1 noun /ˌdep.rɪˈveɪ.ʃən/

deprivation

剥奪, 欠乏, 不足
Meaning
The damaging lack of material benefits considered to be basic necessities in a society.
Example
Sleep deprivation affects cognitive function.
睡眠不足は認知機能に影響を与えます。
C1 noun /ˈhed.weɪ/

Headway

進展; 前進; 発展
Meaning
forward movement or progress, especially when this is slow or difficult
Example
Despite the challenges, the research team made significant headway in developing the new vaccine.
挑戦にもかかわらず、研究チームは新しいワクチンの開発において重要な進展を遂げました。
C1 adjective /dʒəˈnɛrɪk/

generic

ジェネリック
Meaning
characteristic of or relating to a whole group or class; not specific
Example
This medicine is available in generic form.
この薬はジェネリックの形態で提供されています。
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈstɪŋkt/

indistinct

不明瞭な
Meaning
Not clear or sharply defined; vague or blurred.
Example
The sound of voices was indistinct in the distance.
遠くからの声は不明瞭でした。
C1 verb /ʃʌn/

Shun

避ける
Meaning
to deliberately avoid or stay away from someone or something
Example
He shuns public attention and prefers privacy.
彼は公の注目を避け、プライバシーを好む。
C1 noun /ˈmæk.rəʊˌnjuː.tri.ənts/

macronutrients

マクロン栄養素
Meaning
Nutrients that are needed in large amounts to provide energy and building materials for the body, including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Example
Proteins, fats, and carbohydrates are vital macronutrients.
タンパク質、脂肪、炭水化物は重要なマクロン栄養素です。
C1 adjective /ˈpɜːrtɪnənt/

pertinent

関連する
Meaning
Relevant or applicable to a particular matter.
Example
She asked a pertinent question during the meeting.
彼女は会議中に関連する質問をしました。
C1 noun /ˌæfəˈdeɪvɪt/

affidavit

宣誓供述書
Meaning
a written statement confirmed by oath or affirmation, used as evidence in court
Example
The witness submitted an affidavit to the court.
証人は裁判所にアフィダビットを提出しました。
C1 noun /ˈmænər/

manor

邸宅
Meaning
A large country house with lands; the main house of an estate.
Example
The old manor stood proudly on the hill for centuries.
古い邸宅は何世代にもわたって丘の上に誇らしげに立っていました。
C1 noun/verb /freɪ/

fray

争い, すり減る
Meaning
As a noun, a fight or heated dispute; as a verb, to unravel or wear out through friction.
Example
He tried to stay calm, but his nerves began to fray during the argument.
彼は冷静を保とうとしたが、議論の中で彼の神経はすり減り始めた。
C1 noun prəˈtɛk.ʃə.nɪ.zəm

protectionism

保護主義
Meaning
The theory or practice of shielding a country's domestic industries from foreign competition by taxing imports.
Example
The government's protectionism helped local businesses grow.
政府のプロテクショニズムは、地元企業の成長を助けました。
C1 verb bɪˈkwiːð

bequeath

遺贈する
Meaning
Leave something to someone in a will; pass down or hand down to the next generation.
Example
The scientist bequeathed his research papers to the university.
科学者は彼の研究論文を大学に遺贈した。
C1 adjective /ˈsɪnjuəs/

sinuous

曲がりくねった
Meaning
Having many curves, bends, or turns; winding.
Example
The hikers followed a sinuous path through the forest.
ハイカーたちは森を通る曲がりくねった道を進んだ。
C1 verb /ˈpɑːzɪt/

posit

Meaning
To assume or suggest something as a fact or basis for reasoning.
Example
The scientist posited a new theory to explain the phenomenon.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈruːli/

Unruly

無秩序な; 不従順な;
Meaning
difficult to control or manage; disorderly and disruptive
Example
The unruly crowd refused to follow the safety instructions.
無秩序な群衆は安全指示に従うことを拒否した。
C1 adjective /ɪmˈplɔːzəbl/

implausible

信じがたい
Meaning
Not seeming reasonable or probable; unlikely to be true.
Example
The story she told was so implausible that no one believed her.
彼女が話した話はあまりにも信じられないほどで、誰も彼女を信じなかった。
C1 noun /rɪˈbʌtəl/

rebuttal

反論
Meaning
a statement or argument made to oppose or disprove another
Example
Her rebuttal was clear and convincing.
彼女の反論は明確で説得力がありました。
C1 noun /ɪkˈspʌlʃən/

expulsion

退学
Meaning
The act of forcing someone to leave a place, especially a school or country.
Example
His constant misbehavior led to his expulsion from school.
彼の絶え間ない悪い行動は、学校からの退学につながった。
C1 adjective dʒuːˈdɪʃ.əs

judicious

賢明
Meaning
Having, showing, or done with good judgment or sense; wise and careful.
Example
A judicious decision can prevent future problems.
賢明な決定は未来の問題を防ぐことができます。
C1 noun /ˌdʒerənˈtɑːlədʒi/

gerontology

ジェロントロジー
Meaning
The scientific study of old age and the process of aging.
Example
She chose to specialize in gerontology after completing medical school.
彼女は医学部を卒業した後、ジェロントロジーに特化することを決めました。
C1 noun ˈoʊʃən əˌsɪdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən

ocean acidification

海洋酸性化
Meaning
The ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Example
Ocean acidification is caused by atmospheric CO2 absorption.
海洋酸性化は、大気中のCO2の吸収によって引き起こされます。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈmɪsəbl̩/

inadmissible

受け入れられない
Meaning
Not allowed, especially as evidence in a court of law.
Example
The judge ruled the evidence inadmissible.
裁判官は証拠を受け入れられないと判断しました。
C1 noun /ˈek.saɪl/

Exile

亡命
Meaning
the state of being barred from one's native country; enforced removal from one's homeland
Example
The political leader was forced into exile after the military coup.
軍事クーデターの後、政治的リーダーは亡命を強制された。
C1 noun /ˌɪnkjʊˈbeɪʃən/

incubation

卵、細胞、または生物を適切な条件で発展させるプロセス
Meaning
the process of keeping eggs, cells, or organisms in the right conditions for development
Example
The incubation of the eggs lasted for three weeks.
卵のインキュベーションは三週間続きました。
C1 noun /ˌɪn.dʒəˈnjuː.ɪ.ti/

ingenuity

独創性
Meaning
The quality of being clever, original, and inventive.
Example
His ingenuity led to groundbreaking innovations.
彼の創意工夫は画期的な革新を生み出しました。
C1 adjective /ʌlˈtɪəriər/

ulterior

隠された動機
Meaning
hidden or secret, often with a selfish motive
Example
He invited her with an ulterior motive.
彼は隠された動機で彼女を招待した。
C1 noun /ˌpændəˈmoʊniəm/

pandemonium

混乱
Meaning
Wild and noisy disorder or confusion; uproar.
Example
When the concert was canceled, pandemonium broke out among the crowd.
コンサートがキャンセルされたとき、観客の間で混乱が起きました。
C1 noun /ˈfoʊ.kəs ˈtræk.ɪŋ/

focus tracking

フォーカス追跡
Meaning
A technique of monitoring and maintaining attention on specific tasks or goals.
Example
Proper focus tracking improves productivity.
適切なフォーカス追跡は生産性を向上させます。
C1 adjective /ˈpjuːtrɪd/

putrid

腐った
Meaning
decayed and emitting a foul smell
Example
The garbage smelled putrid after days in the sun.
ゴミは何日も太陽の下で放置された後、腐った臭いを発しました。
C1 noun /ˈkuːdɒs/

kudos

賛辞
Meaning
Praise and honor received for an achievement.
Example
She received kudos for her excellent performance.
彼女は素晴らしいパフォーマンスで賛辞を受けた。
C1 verb /kɑːrp/

carp

不平を言う
Meaning
to complain or find fault continually, often about trivial matters
Example
She tends to carp about the smallest inconveniences.
彼女は最小の不便さについても不平を言う傾向がある。
C1 noun /niːʃ/

Niche

市場のニッチ、専門分野、ターゲット市場
Meaning
A specialized segment of the market for a particular kind of product or service.
Example
Finding the right niche is key to a successful business.
適切なニッチを見つけることが、成功するビジネスの鍵です。
C1 adjective /prəˈfjuːs/

profuse

豊富な
Meaning
existing or given in large amounts; abundant
Example
He offered profuse thanks for their timely help.
彼は時間通りに助けてくれたことに豊富な感謝を示しました。
C1 verb /ˌriːəˈdʒʌst/

readjust

再調整
Meaning
To change or move something again in order to achieve a better fit, condition, or balance.
Example
He readjusted the chair to make it more comfortable.
彼は椅子をもっと快適にするために再調整しました。
C1 noun /kræɡ/

crag

急な崖や岩の面
Meaning
a steep or rugged cliff or rock face
Example
The hikers climbed the jagged crag to reach the summit.
ハイカーたちは頂上に到達するために険しい崖を登った。
C1 adjective /ˈdæʃ.ɪŋ/

Dashing

魅力的; スタイリッシュ; 自信に満ちた;
Meaning
stylish and confident; lively and energetic; attractive and charming
Example
He looked dashing in his new suit.
彼は新しいスーツで魅力的に見えました。
C1 noun /ˌtrænsˈpɪəreɪʃən/

transpiration

蒸散
Meaning
The process by which plants lose water through their leaves, which plays a crucial role in plant cooling, nutrient transport, and the water cycle.
Example
Transpiration plays a key role in the water cycle and plant growth.
蒸散は水循環と植物の成長において重要な役割を果たします。
C1 noun /ˈaʊtpoʊst/

outpost

前哨基地
Meaning
A small military camp or position at some distance from the main force, used especially as a guard.
Example
The soldiers were stationed at a remote outpost.
兵士たちは遠隔地の前哨基地に配置されました。
C1 noun /draɪ ˈtʃɪl.i/

Dry Chilli

乾燥唐辛子
Meaning
dried chili peppers used as spice for adding heat to food
Example
The recipe calls for two dry chillies to make it spicy.
レシピにはそれを辛くするために2つの乾燥唐辛子が必要です。
C1 adjective /haɪˈdrɔːlɪk/

hydraulic

油圧の
Meaning
operated by the pressure of liquid, especially water or oil
Example
The mechanic repaired the hydraulic system of the machine.
機械工は機械の油圧システムを修理しました。
C1 verb /ˈsʌkɪŋ/

sucking

吸う
Meaning
Drawing in a liquid, air, or other substance through the mouth or a tube by creating a vacuum; also used figuratively for something unpleasant or ineffective
Example
The baby is sucking on a pacifier.
赤ちゃんが乳首を吸っています。
C1 noun /ˈkæzəm/

chasm

裂け目 / 大きな違い
Meaning
a deep fissure in the earth's surface or a wide difference between people or ideas
Example
There was a great chasm between the two political parties.
二つの政治的党派の間には大きな裂け目がありました。
C1 adjective /ˈdraʊ.zi/

Drowsy

眠い; 疲れた; 無気力な
Meaning
feeling sleepy and lethargic; half asleep; tired
Example
I felt drowsy after the heavy meal.
重い食事の後、眠気を感じました。
C1 noun /ˈæntənɪm/

antonym

反意語
Meaning
A word opposite in meaning to another.
Example
‘Hot’ is the antonym of ‘cold’.
‘Hot’ は ‘cold’ の反意語です。
C1 verb /ˌoʊvərˈrʌn/

overrun

侵略する
Meaning
to spread over or occupy completely; to exceed a limit or time
Example
The garden was overrun with weeds.
庭は雑草に覆われていた。
C1 adjective /ˌmet.əˈbɒl.ɪk/

metabolic

代謝の
Meaning
Relating to the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.
Example
Regular exercise enhances metabolic efficiency.
定期的な運動は代謝効率を高めます。
C1 noun /oʊθ/

Oath

誓い
Meaning
a solemn promise or declaration; a sworn statement
Example
The doctor took an oath to help patients.
医師は患者を助けることを誓いました。
C1 noun ˌnɒn.kəʊˌɒp.ərˈeɪ.ʃən

non-cooperation

非協力
Meaning
The practice of refusing to cooperate, especially as a form of protest.
Example
The non-cooperation movement gained momentum.
非協力運動は勢いを得た。
C1 verb /ˌkaʊntərˈbæləns/

counterbalance

相殺する
Meaning
to offset or balance the effect of something
Example
Exercise can counterbalance the negative effects of stress.
運動はストレスの悪影響を相殺できます。
C1 noun, verb /ˈɔːtɒpsi/

autopsy

検死
Meaning
a post-mortem examination to discover the cause of death or the extent of disease
Example
The autopsy revealed that the victim had died from poisoning.
検死は、犠牲者が中毒で亡くなったことを明らかにしました。
C1 noun /ˈprəʊsiːdz/

proceeds

収益
Meaning
money obtained from an event, activity, or sale
Example
The proceeds from the charity event were donated to the orphanage.
チャリティイベントの収益は孤児院に寄付されました。