A2 conjunction /ʌnˈlɛs/

unless

もし～でない限り

Meaning

except if

Example

We won't go unless it stops raining.

雨が止まない限り、私たちは行きません。

B1 noun /vɒlˈkeɪ.noʊ/

Volcano

幸せ

Meaning

a mountain with an opening through which lava, gas, and ash can escape

Example

The volcano erupted after being dormant for decades.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

C1 noun /ˈkærət/

karat

カラット

Meaning

A unit for measuring the purity of gold, with 24 karats being pure gold.

Example

The ring was made of 18-karat gold.

その指輪は18カラットの金で作られていました。

A2 noun /ˈpoʊstər/

poster

ポスター

Meaning

a large printed picture or notice that is put on a wall for decoration or to advertise something

Example

They put up a movie poster outside the theater.

彼らは映画館の外に映画のポスターを貼った。

B2 noun /ˈtuː.lɪp/

Tulip

チューリップ

Meaning

a colorful spring flower with cup-shaped petals

Example

The red tulip bloomed beautifully in the garden.

赤いチューリップが庭で美しく咲きました。

B1 noun /ˈtɛmpəl/

temple

寺院

Meaning

a building used for the worship of a god or gods

Example

They visited an ancient temple during their trip to India.

インディアへの旅行中に古代の寺院を訪れました。

B2 adjective /ˈsɪtʃueɪtɪd/

situated

位置する

Meaning

located in a particular place or position

Example

The hotel is situated near the beach.

ホテルはビーチの近くにあります。

C2 noun /ɪkˌsprəʊ.priˈeɪ.ʃən/

expropriation

収用

Meaning

The act of government taking private property, also known as confiscation, nationalization, or seizure.

Example

The land expropriation led to disputes among landowners.

土地の収用は土地所有者間で争いを引き起こしました。

C1 noun /ˈdiːviəns/

deviance

逸脱

Meaning

Behavior that differs from accepted social or moral standards.

Example

The book studies deviance in urban youth culture.

その本は都市の若者文化における逸脱を研究しています。

C2 noun /ˈbɜːrsər/

bursar

会計係

Meaning

An official in a school or college responsible for financial affairs.

Example

The bursar approved the budget for the new library.

会計係は新しい図書館の予算を承認しました。

C2 adjective /ˌen.zɪˈmæt.ɪk/

enzymatic

酵素に関連する

Meaning

Relating to or involving enzymes, which are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions in living organisms.

Example

Enzymatic reactions regulate metabolism in the human body.

酵素反応は人間の体内で代謝を調節します。

B1 adjective /ˈhɑːrmfəl/

Harmful

有害な

Meaning

causing or likely to cause harm; damaging

Example

Smoking is harmful to your health.

喫煙は健康に有害です。

C1 noun /ʃæk/

Shack

小屋

Meaning

a small, crudely built dwelling; a poorly constructed building

Example

The fisherman lived in a small shack near the beach.

漁師は海岸近くの小さな小屋に住んでいました。

C1 adjective ˈzɛləs

zealous

熱心な

Meaning

Having or showing great energy or enthusiasm in pursuit of a cause or objective; fervent.

Example

The zealous volunteers worked tirelessly for the cause.

熱心なボランティアはその目的のために疲れ知らずに働いた。

C2 adjective /djuːˈplɪsɪtəs/

duplicitous

裏表のある

Meaning

Deceitful; deliberately deceptive or dishonest.

Example

The politician was criticized for his duplicitous statements.

その政治家は裏表のある発言で批判された。

C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈprəʊtʃəbl̩/

irreproachable

非の打ち所がない

Meaning

Beyond criticism; faultless.

Example

The judge was known for his irreproachable integrity.

その裁判官は非の打ち所がない誠実さで知られていた。

B2 noun /kraɪˈtɪəriə/

criteria

基準

Meaning

Standards or principles by which something is judged or decided.

Example

The candidates were evaluated based on strict criteria.

候補者は厳格な基準に基づいて評価されました。

C1 noun /fiːt/

feat

偉業

Meaning

an achievement that requires great courage, skill, or strength

Example

Climbing Mount Everest was a remarkable feat.

エベレスト山の登頂は素晴らしい偉業でした。

C1 adjective /ˈpɛnɪtənt/

penitent

悔い改めた

Meaning

Feeling or showing sorrow and regret for having done wrong.

Example

She was penitent after shouting at her friend.

彼女は友達に叫んだ後、悔い改めていた。

C1 noun /ˈpeɪθɒs/

pathos

パトス

Meaning

a quality in speech, writing, or events that evokes pity or deep emotion

Example

The documentary balanced pathos with hope, making the audience both weep and think.

ドキュメンタリーは、パトスと希望をうまくバランスさせ、観客を泣かせ、考えさせました。

A2 noun /mæp/

map

地図

Meaning

a drawing that shows the features of an area of land or sea

Example

He studied the map before starting his journey.

彼は旅を始める前に地図を調べました。

C1 verb /bɪˈɡɛt/

beget

生む / 引き起こす

Meaning

to bring about or give rise to; to father or produce

Example

Violence begets more violence.

暴力はさらなる暴力を生む。

C2 verb /ˌʌndərˈɡɜːrd/

undergird

支える、強化する

Meaning

to provide support or foundation for; to strengthen

Example

Strong values undergird a healthy society.

強い価値観は健康な社会を支えています。

A2 noun /ˈnɛtˌwɜrk/

network

ネットワーク

Meaning

A system of interconnected people, things, or computers.

Example

She built a strong professional network.

彼女は強力なプロフェッショナルネットワークを作り上げた。

C1 noun /læns/

Lance

槍

Meaning

a long weapon with a sharp metal point, used by soldiers on horseback

Example

The knight charged forward with his lance ready.

騎士は準備が整った槍を持って前進した。

C1 noun /ˌævɒ̃ˈɡɑːrd/

avantgarde

アバンギャルド

Meaning

people or works that are innovative, experimental, and ahead of their time

Example

The avantgarde of the 20th century reshaped modern art.

20世紀のアバンギャルドは現代アートを再形成した。

C2 adjective /juːˈʒʊəriəs/

usurious

高利貸しの

Meaning

Charging excessively high interest rates on loans.

Example

The bank was accused of offering loans at usurious rates.

銀行は高利貸しの金利で融資を提供したとして告発されました。

B2 noun /ˈdeɪ.tə briːtʃ/

data breach

データ漏洩

Meaning

Unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information through security violation

Example

A data breach exposed millions of users' passwords.

データ漏洩により何百万人ものユーザーのパスワードが公開されました。

B2 noun /sɪnˈserɪti/

Sincerity

誠実さ

Meaning

the quality of being free from pretense or deceit; honesty

Example

His sincerity in apologizing was evident to everyone.

彼の謝罪の真摯さは、すべての人に明らかだった。

C2 adjective /ˌnɒndɪˈskrɪpt/

nondescript

特徴のない

Meaning

Lacking distinctive or interesting features; dull and unremarkable.

Example

He lives in a nondescript apartment building on the edge of town.

彼は町の外れにある特徴のないアパートに住んでいます。

C1 noun /ˈɡreɪ.haʊnd/

Greyhound

グレイハウンド

Meaning

a tall, thin dog with long legs that can run very fast

Example

The greyhound won the race at the dog track.

グレイハウンドは犬の競技場でレースに勝ちました。

C1 noun /məˈtɜːrnəti/

Maternity

母性

Meaning

The state of being a mother; motherhood

Example

The hospital has an excellent maternity ward for new mothers.

その病院は新しい母親のための優れたマタニティ病棟を提供しています。

C1 adjective ˌmæk.roʊ.iː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk

macroeconomic

マクロ経済的

Meaning

Relating to the large-scale or general economic factors, such as interest rates and national productivity.

Example

Government policies impact macroeconomic stability.

政府の政策はマクロ経済的安定に影響を与える。

B1 noun zəʊn

zone

区域

Meaning

An area or stretch of land having a particular characteristic, purpose, or use, or subject to particular restrictions.

Example

Industrial zones attract investments.

産業ゾーンは投資を引き付けます。

C1 adjective /ˌoʊvərˈbloʊn/

overblown

誇張された

Meaning

excessively exaggerated or inflated

Example

The controversy was overblown by the media.

メディアによって論争は誇張されました。

C1 verb /ˈɛm.ə.neɪt/

emanate

発する

Meaning

To come out or spread from a source.

Example

A sweet fragrance emanated from the garden.

甘い香りが庭から発せられました。

C1 adjective /ˈneɡ.lɪ.dʒənt/

Negligent

不注意な

Meaning

failing to take proper care; careless; showing lack of attention

Example

The negligent driver caused a serious accident.

不注意な運転手が重大な事故を引き起こした。

C1 verb /ˈsɪmjʊˌleɪt/

simulate

シミュレート

Meaning

to imitate the appearance, character, or behavior of something; to pretend or reproduce conditions artificially

Example

The pilot had to simulate an emergency landing during training.

パイロットは訓練中に緊急着陸をシミュレートしなければならなかった。

A1 noun /aɪs/

Ice

氷

Meaning

water that has frozen and become solid

Example

The ice in my drink melted quickly in the hot weather.

私の飲み物の氷は暑い天気で素早く溶けました。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛnsətɪv/

insensitive

無神経な

Meaning

Showing or feeling no concern for others' feelings.

Example

His insensitive comment hurt her deeply.

彼の無神経なコメントは彼女を深く傷つけました。

B2 verb /ɪmˈbɑːrkɪŋ/

embarking

旅行を始める

Meaning

Beginning a journey or enterprise.

Example

The group is embarking on a long journey.

グループは長い旅行を始めるところです。

C1 noun/verb /ɡrʌdʒ/

grudge

Meaning

A persistent feeling of ill will or resentment from a past insult or injury.

Example

She still holds a grudge against him for what happened years ago.

B2 verb /spɪn/

spin

回転する

Meaning

To turn around quickly or cause something to rotate

Example

The dancer began to spin gracefully on the stage.

ダンサーはステージで優雅に回転を始めました。

C1 adjective /ˌhɛtərəˈʤiːniəs/

heterogeneous

異種の

Meaning

consisting of different kinds or diverse elements

Example

The classroom was filled with a heterogeneous group of students.

教室は異種の学生のグループでいっぱいだった。

B1 noun, verb /ˈdɪskaʊnt/

discount

割引

Meaning

A reduction in the usual price of something; to reduce the price of something.

Example

The store offered a 20% discount on all electronics.

その店はすべての電子製品に20%の割引を提供しました。

C1 adjective /dɪˈreɪndʒd/

deranged

狂気

Meaning

mentally disturbed or insane; behaving irrationally

Example

The deranged man shouted nonsense in the street.

狂った男が街で無意味なことを叫んでいた。

C2 noun /ˈfoʊ.nə.ɡræm/

phonogram

音声記号

Meaning

a written symbol representing a speech sound

Example

The teacher showed how each phonogram represents a particular sound.

教師は、各フォノグラムが特定の音を表す方法を示しました。

C2 adjective /əˈrækjələr/

oracular

神託のような

Meaning

Resembling an oracle; giving wise, mysterious, or prophetic statements

Example

Her oracular words left the audience deep in thought.

彼女の神託のような言葉は、観客を深く考えさせた。

B2 adjective /ˌæksɪˈdɛntl/

accidental

偶然の

Meaning

happening by chance, unintentionally

Example

The fire was caused by an accidental spark.

火事は偶然の火花によって引き起こされました。

C1 noun /ɪˈmiːdiəsi/

immediacy

即時性, 緊迫感

Meaning

The quality of bringing one into direct and instant involvement with something, giving rise to a sense of urgency or excitement.

Example

The immediacy of digital communication has reshaped business operations.

デジタルコミュニケーションの即時性は、ビジネスの運営方法を変えました。

B2 noun /əˈriːnə/

arena

アリーナ, 会場

Meaning

a large area surrounded by seats for sports, entertainment, or other events

Example

The basketball game will be held in the new arena downtown.

バスケットボールの試合は市内中心部の新しいアリーナで行われます。

C1 noun ɪˌræd.ɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

eradication

根絶

Meaning

The complete destruction or elimination of something unwanted.

Example

Carbon eradication is a key goal of the project.

カーボンの根絶はプロジェクトの重要な目標です。

C1 noun /ˈwɜːkmənʃɪp/

workmanship

作品の質

Meaning

The skill with which something is made or the quality of something made.

Example

The workmanship of the handmade furniture was impeccable.

手作りの家具のワークマンシップは完璧でした。

C1 adjective /ˈdaʊ.ər/

dour

厳格

Meaning

relentlessly severe, stern, or gloomy in manner or appearance

Example

His dour expression made the meeting uncomfortable.

彼の厳格な表情は会議を不快にした。

C1 adjective /ˌɪnəˈfɛnsɪv/

inoffensive

無害な

Meaning

Not likely to offend or provoke; harmless.

Example

His inoffensive remarks kept the conversation friendly.

彼の無害なコメントは会話を友好的に保ちました。

C2 verb /læmˈbeɪst/

lambaste

厳しく非難する

Meaning

to criticize someone or something harshly; to reprimand severely

Example

The teacher lambasted the students for not completing their homework.

教師は宿題をやらなかった学生を厳しく叱責しました。

C1 verb /əˈbriːvieɪt/

abbreviate

省略する

Meaning

To shorten a word, phrase, or text by leaving out letters or parts.

Example

We often abbreviate 'Doctor' to 'Dr'.

私たちはよく 'Doctor' を 'Dr.' に省略します。

C1 noun /ˌnɑm.əˈni/

Nominee

ノミネートされた人

Meaning

a person who is nominated for an office, award, or honor

Example

She was the nominee for the Best Actress award.

彼女は最優秀女優賞のノミネートされた人でした。

C1 noun /stents/

stents

ステント

Meaning

Small mesh tubes used to treat narrow or blocked arteries.

Example

Stents were successfully placed using robotic techniques.

ステントはロボット技術を使って成功裏に配置されました。

C2 adjective /ˌaɪ.kə.nəˈklæs.tɪk/

iconoclastic

確立された信念、伝統、または価値観に対して攻撃的または拒絶的な特徴

Meaning

Characterized by attacking or rejecting cherished beliefs, traditions, or established values.

Example

Her iconoclastic views challenged the conventional wisdom of the industry.

彼女のアイコノクラスティックな見解は業界の従来の知恵に挑戦した。

B1 adjective /ˈmʌl.tɪ.pl̩/

Multiple

複数の; 多様な; 異なる

Meaning

having many parts, elements, or members; numerous

Example

She suffered multiple injuries in the accident.

彼女は事故で複数の怪我をしました。

B2 adjective /ˈvɜː.tʃu.əl/

Virtual

バーチャル

Meaning

almost or nearly as described, but not completely or according to strict definition; existing in essence or effect, though not in fact

Example

The virtual meeting allowed participants from different countries to collaborate.

バーチャル会議は、さまざまな国からの参加者が協力することを可能にしました。

C1 noun /dɪˈfaɪəns/

defiance

反抗

Meaning

Open resistance or bold disobedience.

Example

The protest was an act of defiance against injustice.

その抗議は不正に対する反抗の行為でした。

B2 adjective /ˈneɪbərɪŋ/

neighboring

隣接する

Meaning

situated near or next to another place; adjacent or nearby.

Example

They visited a neighboring village for the festival.

彼らは祭りのために隣の村を訪れました。

C2 noun /ˈkʌvən/

coven

魔女の集まり

Meaning

a group or gathering of witches

Example

The witches met secretly in a coven in the forest.

魔女たちは森の中で魔女の集まりに密かに集まりました。

C1 adjective /ˈɡrɪz.li/

grisly

恐ろしい

Meaning

causing horror or disgust

Example

The police discovered a grisly scene at the crime site.

警察は犯罪現場で恐ろしい光景を発見しました。

B2 adjective /ˈɑːrbɪˌtrɛri/

arbitrary

任意の

Meaning

based on random choice or personal whim, rather than reason or system

Example

The teacher's arbitrary grading upset many students.

教師の任意の採点は多くの学生を困らせました。

B2 adjective /ˈruː.mi/

Roomy

広々とした; 広いスペースのある

Meaning

spacious; having a lot of room

Example

The apartment is very roomy with spacious bedrooms.

アパートメントは広々としており、広いベッドルームがあります。

B2 noun ˈɡaɪd.laɪnz

guidelines

ガイドライン

Meaning

Rules or instructions that are given by an official organization telling you how to do something

Example

Guidelines for AI usage are essential.

AIの使用に関するガイドラインは必須です。

B2 noun /fɔːrt/

Fort

砦

Meaning

a strong building or group of buildings where soldiers live and defend

Example

The ancient fort stood on top of the hill for centuries.

古代のフォートは何世代にもわたって丘の上に立っていました。

A2 noun /ˈfɪɡ.jər/

Figure

図形; 画像; 数字;

Meaning

a number, especially one which forms part of official statistics; the shape of a human body

Example

The sales figure for this quarter exceeded all expectations.

この四半期の売上数字はすべての予想を超えました。

B2 noun /haɪˈdreɪʃən/

hydration

身体組織に適切な量の液体を提供するプロセス。

Meaning

The process of providing an adequate amount of liquid to bodily tissues.

Example

Proper hydration is essential for maintaining body functions.

適切な水分補給は、体の機能を維持するために重要です。

C2 noun /ˈplænɪsfɪr/

planisphere

星図盤

Meaning

a rotating star chart used to display the visible stars for any time and date

Example

The astronomer used a planisphere to identify the constellations.

天文学者は星座を識別するために星図盤を使用しました。

C1 noun /ˈhɜːrniə/

hernia

ヘルニア

Meaning

A medical condition where an organ pushes through the muscle or tissue holding it in place.

Example

The doctor diagnosed him with an inguinal hernia.

医者は彼に鼠径ヘルニアと診断しました。

C1 adjective /ɛnˌsaɪkləˈpiːdɪk/

encyclopedic

百科事典的

Meaning

Having comprehensive knowledge of many subjects; relating to or characteristic of an encyclopedia.

Example

Her encyclopedic knowledge of history amazed everyone at the conference.

彼女の歴史に関する百科事典的な知識は、会議でみんなを驚かせた。

B1 noun ˈfæmɪli triː

Family Tree

家系図

Meaning

A diagram showing the relationships between people in several generations of a family.

Example

Creating a family tree helps understand family history.

家系図を作成することは、家族の歴史を理解するのに役立ちます。

C1 adjective /ˈnɒm.ɪ.nəl/

Nominal

名目上の; 非常に小さい

Meaning

very small in size or amount; existing in name only

Example

He paid only a nominal fee for the membership since he was a student.

彼は学生だったので、会員費はわずかな名目料金でした。

C1 adjective /ʌnˈbraɪdld/

unbridled

抑制のない

Meaning

Uncontrolled and unrestrained.

Example

The protesters showed unbridled enthusiasm for change.

抗議者は変革に対して抑えきれない熱意を示しました。

B2 noun /ɪnˈθuziæst/

enthusiast

熱狂的なファン

Meaning

a person who is very interested in a particular activity or subject

Example

He is a football enthusiast and watches every match.

彼はサッカーenthusiastで、毎試合見ています。

A2 noun ˈprɒdʒekt

project

プロジェクト

Meaning

An individual or collaborative enterprise that is carefully planned to achieve a particular aim

Example

Working on two projects simultaneously is difficult.

二つのプロジェクトを同時に進めるのは難しい。

A1 adverb /fɑːr/

far

遠い

Meaning

at, to, or by a great distance

Example

The school is far from my house.

学校は私の家から遠いです。

C2 verb /kəˈnoʊt/

connote

示唆する

Meaning

To suggest or imply an additional meaning beyond the literal one.

Example

The word 'youthful' connotes energy and vitality.

「若々しい」という言葉はエネルギーと活力を示唆します。

C2 noun /ˈʃɑːdənfrɔɪdə/

schadenfreude

他人の不幸を喜ぶこと

Meaning

pleasure derived from another person's misfortune

Example

He felt a sense of schadenfreude when his rival failed.

ライバルが失敗したとき、彼はシャーデンフロイデを感じた。

B2 noun /ˈprɒbləm ˈsɒlvɪŋ/

problem-solving

問題解決

Meaning

The process of finding solutions to difficult or complex issues.

Example

Problem-solving skills are key to leadership.

問題解決能力はリーダーシップに不可欠です。

C1 adjective ˌkwɪn.tɪˈsen.ʃəl

quintessential

典型的または最も完璧な例

Meaning

representing the most perfect or typical example of a quality or class.

Example

The artist's work is the quintessential example of modernism.

アーティストの作品はモダニズムの典型的な例です。

A2 noun /ɪŋk/

Ink

インク

Meaning

a colored fluid used for writing, drawing, or printing; a dark liquid ejected by cuttlefish

Example

The old fountain pen leaked ink all over his white shirt during the meeting.

古い万年筆は会議中に白いシャツにインクをこぼしました。

A2 noun /fiːld/

field

フィールド

Meaning

an area of open land, often used for farming, sports, or scientific study

Example

The children played football in the field.

子供たちはフィールドでサッカーをしました。

C1 adjective /kənˈspɪkjuəs/

conspicuous

目立つ

Meaning

Easily noticeable; attracting attention due to being unusual or prominent.

Example

Her red dress made her conspicuous at the party.

彼女の赤いドレスはパーティーで目立っていました。

C1 adjective /ˌɪnkəʊˈhɪərənt/

incoherent

一貫性のない

Meaning

Not clear or easy to understand; lacking logical connection.

Example

His explanation was so incoherent that nobody could follow it.

彼の説明はあまりにも一貫性がなく、誰もそれを追うことができませんでした。

B2 adjective /dɪˈvɔːrst/

divorced

離婚した

Meaning

No longer married because the marriage has been legally dissolved.

Example

She has been divorced for five years.

彼女は5年間離婚したままだ。

C2 adjective /kəmˈpleɪzənt/

complaisant

過度に従順

Meaning

willing to please others or to accept what they do or say without protest

Example

He was too complaisant to refuse their demands.

彼は彼らの要求を断るにはあまりにも従順すぎた。

C1 noun /kwɪnˈtɛsəns/

quintessence

エッセンス

Meaning

The purest or most perfect example of something.

Example

She is the quintessence of elegance.

彼女は優雅さのエッセンスです。

A1 noun /tɒp/

top

頂上

Meaning

the highest or uppermost point, part, or surface of something

Example

The book is on the top shelf.

その本は上の棚にあります。

C1 adjective /ˌʌnsəˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtɪd/

unsophisticated

未洗練

Meaning

Lacking worldly experience, refinement, or complexity.

Example

The villagers led an unsophisticated but happy life.

村人たちは未洗練だが、幸せな生活を送っていた。

C1 verb /ˈfɔːrfɪt/

forfeit

Meaning

to lose or give up something, usually as a penalty for wrongdoing

Example

He had to forfeit the match after breaking the rules.

A2 verb /rɪˈsiːv/

receive

受け取る

Meaning

to get or accept something given; to welcome

Example

She receives a gift from her friend.

彼女は友達から贈り物を受け取ります。

A1 adjective /hɑːrd/

hard

硬い

Meaning

solid, firm, or difficult to do or endure

Example

The exam was very hard for most students.

試験はほとんどの学生にとって非常に難しかった。

B2 noun /ˌrɛɡ.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən/

regulation

権限によって作成され、維持される規則または指示

Meaning

A rule or directive made and maintained by an authority.

Example

Government regulation ensures fair business practices.

政府の規制は公平なビジネス慣行を確保します。

A2 noun /ˈpɛpər/

pepper

胡椒

Meaning

a pungent spice obtained from pepper plants, used to flavor food

Example

I like to add pepper to my soup.

私はスープに胡椒を加えるのが好きです。

C1 noun /ˈlɪrɪk/

lyric

歌詞

Meaning

the words of a song or a short poem that expresses personal feelings

Example

She memorized every lyric of her favorite song.

彼女はお気に入りの歌の歌詞をすべて覚えていました。

C2 noun /ɔːl/

awl

錐

Meaning

a small pointed tool used for making holes, especially in leather

Example

The cobbler used an awl to punch holes in the leather.

靴屋は革に穴を開けるために錐を使った。

C2 verb /dɪsˈbɜːrs/

disburse

分配する

Meaning

to pay out money, especially from a fund

Example

The organization will disburse the funds to the affected families.

その団体は影響を受けた家族に資金を分配します。

A2 noun rɪˈsɜːtʃ

research

研究

Meaning

The systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.

Example

Research on radio waves began earlier in India.

ラジオ波の研究はインドで早く始まりました。

A2 noun /ˈprəʊɡræm/

program

プログラム

Meaning

a planned series of events or activities

Example

The program starts at 9 AM sharp.

プログラムは午前9時に正確に始まります。

B2 noun /ɪnˈdʌstriəl ˌrɛvəˈluːʃən/

Industrial Revolution

産業革命

Meaning

The rapid development of industry that occurred in Britain in the late 18th and 19th centuries, brought about by the introduction of machinery and characterized by the use of steam power and the growth of factories.

Example

The Industrial Revolution marked a shift in production processes.

産業革命は生産プロセスにおける変化を示しました。

C1 noun /ˈkɒnsjʊlət/

consulate

領事館

Meaning

the building or office where a consul works

Example

He went to the consulate to renew his visa.

彼はビザを更新するために領事館に行きました。

C1 noun ˈdɛtrɪ.mənt

detriment

損害、害、障害

Meaning

Harm, damage, impairment.

Example

Smoking is a detriment to health.

喫煙は健康に対するデトリメントです。

C1 noun /ˈpoʊdiətrɪst/

podiatrist

足病医

Meaning

a doctor specializing in foot care

Example

I have an appointment with the podiatrist for my ankle pain.

足首の痛みのためにポディアトリストに予約があります。

A1 pronoun /juː/

you

あなた

Meaning

used to refer to the person or people being spoken to

Example

You are doing a great job!

あなたは素晴らしい仕事をしています！

C2 noun /ˈdrʌmɪt/

Drumet

ドラメット

Meaning

a small drum used in military or marching bands

Example

The drummer played a steady beat on the drumet during the parade.

ドラマーはパレード中にドゥルメットで一定のリズムを演奏しました。

B2 noun ˌsɛlf.kənˈtrəʊl

self-control

自己制御

Meaning

The ability to control one's emotions, behavior, and desires in order to obtain some reward, or avoid some punishment, typically in the longer term.

Example

Self-control is important for maintaining a balanced life.

自己制御はバランスの取れた生活を維持するために重要です。

C2 verb /ˈʌndjʊleɪt/

undulate

波打つ

Meaning

To move with a smooth, wave-like motion.

Example

The snake undulated across the sand.

ヘビは砂の上をうねうねと進んでいった。

B2 adjective /ˌθiːəˈrɛtɪkl/

theoretical

理論的

Meaning

Concerned with or based on theory rather than practical application.

Example

The idea remains largely theoretical without real-world evidence.

そのアイデアは実際の証拠がなくても、主に理論的なものとして残ります。

C1 verb /ˈfɜːr.tɪ.laɪz/

fertilize

肥料を施す

Meaning

to make soil or land more fertile by adding substances

Example

Farmers fertilize the fields to increase crop yield.

農家は作物の収穫量を増やすために畑に肥料を施す。

B2 noun bjʊəˈrɒk.rə.si

bureaucracy

官僚主義

Meaning

A system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.

Example

Excessive bureaucracy can slow down decision-making.

過度な官僚主義は意思決定を遅らせることがあります。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈskruːtəbl̩/

inscrutable

幸福

Meaning

impossible to understand or interpret

Example

His inscrutable expression made it hard to know what he was thinking.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

C2 verb ˈɪnʌndeɪt

inundate

洪水で満たす、処理すべき事柄や人々で誰かまたは何かを圧倒する

Meaning

To flood; overwhelm someone or something with things or people to be dealt with

Example

The company was inundated with requests after the advertisement.

広告の後、会社はリクエストで圧倒されました。

C1 adjective /rɪˈdʒɛn.ə.rə.tɪv/

regenerative

再生的な

Meaning

Able to restore or renew damaged environments, soil, or resources.

Example

Regenerative farming improves soil health and biodiversity.

再生農業は土壌の健康と生物多様性を改善します。

C1 adjective /ˈmaʊntɪnəs/

Mountainous

山岳地帯の

Meaning

having many mountains; characterized by mountains

Example

The mountainous region was difficult to travel through.

その山岳地帯は旅行するのが難しかった。

B1 noun /pɔːrk/

pork

幸せ

Meaning

the flesh of a pig used as food

Example

He doesn't eat pork for religious reasons.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せませんでした。

C1 verb, noun /ˈbrɪsəl/

bristle

硬い毛; 怒りで反応する

Meaning

to react angrily or defensively; a short stiff hair or fiber

Example

The cat bristled when it saw the dog.

猫は犬を見て、毛が逆立った。