C1 noun /ˌjuːnɪˈfɔːrməti/

Uniformity

均一性; 一貫性; 同一状態

Meaning

the quality of being uniform; consistency or sameness

Example

The uniformity of the design created a pleasing visual effect.

デザインの均一性が魅力的な視覚効果を生み出しました。

C2 verb /kɒnˈkætəneɪt/

concatenate

連結する

Meaning

To link things together in a series or chain.

Example

The program concatenates two strings into one.

プログラムは二つの文字列を一つに連結します。

C1 adjective /ˌsʌb.təˈreɪ.ni.ən/

subterranean

地下

Meaning

Existing, occurring, or done under the earth's surface.

Example

Subterranean water sources help sustain agriculture.

地下の水源は農業の維持に役立ちます。

C2 noun ˈvaɪ.və ˈvəʊs

viva voce

口頭試験

Meaning

An oral examination, typically for an academic qualification.

Example

Viva Voce tests communication skills.

Viva Voce テストはコミュニケーションスキルを評価します。

B2 noun /ˈbɒmɪŋ/

bombing

爆撃

Meaning

an attack using bombs or explosives

Example

The city was devastated by the bombing.

その都市は爆撃で壊滅的な被害を受けました。

C2 adjective /ˈɪrˌsplɪtɪŋ/

earsplitting

耳をつんざくような

Meaning

extremely loud or piercing sound

Example

The earsplitting noise of the fire alarm startled everyone.

火災警報の耳をつんざくような音がみんなを驚かせた。

B2 noun /məˈlɛəriə/

malaria

マラリア

Meaning

a serious infectious disease spread by mosquitoes, causing fever, chills, and sweating

Example

Malaria is a common disease in tropical regions.

マラリアは熱帯地域で一般的な病気です。

C2 verb /ɪkˈstɛmpəraɪz/

extemporize

即興する

Meaning

To speak or perform without preparation; improvise.

Example

The actor had to extemporize when he forgot his lines.

俳優はセリフを忘れたとき、即興で演技をしなければなりませんでした。

B1 noun, adjective /ˈkrɪmɪnəl/

criminal

犯罪者

Meaning

A person who has committed a crime; relating to crime

Example

The police arrested a dangerous criminal last night.

警察は昨夜、危険な犯罪者を逮捕しました。

C2 verb /ˈpɜːrdʒər/

perjure

偽証する

Meaning

To knowingly tell a lie in a court of law after swearing to tell the truth.

Example

He was accused of trying to perjure himself during the trial.

彼は裁判中に偽証しようとしたとして告発されました。

C1 noun /mɜːrθ/

mirth

喜び

Meaning

Great joy, amusement, or laughter.

Example

The festival was full of mirth and laughter.

フェスティバルは喜びと笑いでいっぱいでした。

C2 adjective /ˈwɪt.ləs/

Witless

愚かな; 知恵がない; 頭の悪い

Meaning

lacking intelligence or wisdom; foolish

Example

His witless remarks during the meeting embarrassed everyone present.

会議中の彼の愚かな発言は、出席者全員を困らせました。

B2 noun, verb /bluːm/

bloom

咲く；繁栄する

Meaning

to produce flowers; to develop or flourish; a flower or the state of flowering

Example

The roses bloom beautifully every spring.

バラは毎年春に美しく咲きます。

C1 adjective /ˈbɑːmi/

balmy

穏やかで心地よい温かさ；癒し。

Meaning

Mild and pleasantly warm; soothing.

Example

We enjoyed a walk on a balmy summer evening.

私たちは穏やかな夏の夕方に散歩を楽しみました。

B2 verb /ˈvælɪdeɪt/

validate

検証する

Meaning

To check or prove the accuracy, truth, or legality of something.

Example

The scientist worked hard to validate the experiment's results.

科学者は実験結果を検証するために一生懸命働きました。

B2 noun /ˈveɪ.pər/

Vapour

蒸気

Meaning

a substance in the form of a gas, especially when it has changed from a liquid or solid state

Example

Water vapour rose from the hot pavement after the rain.

雨の後、熱い舗道から水蒸気が立ち上ってきた。

C1 noun /zest/

Zest

熱意；エネルギーと興奮；柑橘類の外皮

Meaning

great enthusiasm and energy; excitement and vigor; the outer peel of a citrus fruit

Example

She approached the new job with tremendous zest.

彼女は新しい仕事に非常に熱意を持って取り組んだ。

C1 noun /hɒˈstɪləti/

hostility

敵意

Meaning

hostile behavior; unfriendliness or opposition

Example

The negotiations ended in an atmosphere of hostility.

交渉は敵意の雰囲気で終わった。

B2 adjective /ˈmɛʒərd/

measured

測定された

Meaning

carefully considered and deliberate

Example

She spoke in a calm, measured tone.

彼女は冷静で測定された口調で話しました。

C2 verb /baɪd/

bide

待つ

Meaning

to wait patiently for the right time or opportunity

Example

He decided to bide his time before making a move.

彼は動きを起こす前に時間を待つことに決めました。

C1 adjective /ˈɡɪdi/

giddy

目眩, とても興奮している

Meaning

Feeling dizzy or light-headed; also overly excited and frivolous.

Example

She felt giddy after spinning around so many times.

彼女は何度も回った後、目が回った。

C1 noun /ˌɪn.dʒəˈnjuː.ɪ.ti/

ingenuity

独創性

Meaning

The quality of being clever, original, and inventive.

Example

His ingenuity led to groundbreaking innovations.

彼の創意工夫は画期的な革新を生み出しました。

B2 noun /səˈspɛnʃən/

suspension

停止

Meaning

The act of temporarily stopping something; also refers to a system in vehicles that absorbs shock.

Example

The player received a three-game suspension for misconduct.

その選手は不正行為のために3試合の停止処分を受けました。

A2 verb /siːm/

seem

見える

Meaning

to give the impression of being something or having a particular quality

Example

He seems tired after the long journey.

長い旅の後、彼は疲れているように見える。

C2 adjective /sɛnˈsɔːriəs/

censorious

過度に批判的な

Meaning

severely critical of others

Example

She was always censorious about her colleagues' mistakes.

彼女は同僚のミスに対して常に批判的でした。

B2 noun ˈmɒn.ə.ki

monarchy

君主制

Meaning

A form of government with a monarch at the head, where supreme power is held by a single person such as a king or queen.

Example

The monarchy was abolished during the revolution.

革命の間に君主制は廃止されました。

B1 noun /ˈbluː.ber.i/

Blueberry

ブルーベリー

Meaning

a small round blue fruit that grows on bushes

Example

She picked fresh blueberries for the pie.

彼女はパイのために新鮮なブルーベリーを摘んだ。

C1 noun /ˈɒn.slɔːt/

onslaught

猛攻

Meaning

A fierce or destructive attack.

Example

The village faced an onslaught of enemy forces.

その村は敵軍の猛攻に直面しました。

C1 adjective /ˈnɔːrmətɪv/

normative

規範的

Meaning

relating to rules, standards, or norms that govern behavior or beliefs

Example

The study focused on the normative aspects of cultural behavior.

その研究は文化的な行動の規範的側面に焦点を当てました。

A1 noun /dæd/

dad

お父さん

Meaning

an informal term for father

Example

My dad taught me how to ride a bike.

私のお父さんは自転車の乗り方を教えてくれました。

B2 noun /ˈden.sə.ti/

Density

密度

Meaning

the degree of compactness of a substance; the quantity of something per unit area

Example

The density of population in the city center is extremely high.

市の中心部の人口密度は非常に高い。

C1 adjective /ˌaʊt ən ˈaʊt/

out-and-out

完全な

Meaning

complete; absolute; used to emphasize something extreme

Example

The speech was an out-and-out lie.

そのスピーチは完全な嘘だった。

C2 adjective /ˈsiːkwənt/

sequent

Following in order or as a result.

Example

The sequent events changed the course of history.

次の出来事は歴史の流れを変えました。

C2 noun ˈtɛlɪˌmɛtri

telemetry

テレメトリー

Meaning

The process of recording and transmitting the readings of an instrument.

Example

The spacecraft transmitted telemetry data back to Earth.

宇宙船はテレメトリーデータを地球に送信しました。

B2 noun /ˈkɒn.trɪ.bjʊ.tər/

contributor

貢献者

Meaning

a person who gives something to help achieve a result

Example

He was a regular contributor to the local newspaper.

彼は地元の新聞の定期的な貢献者でした。

B1 noun /ˈkaʊn.səl/

council

評議会

Meaning

an assembly of people chosen or elected to make decisions or advise on matters

Example

The city council voted to improve public transportation.

市議会は公共交通の改善のために投票しました。

C1 adjective /prɪˈzʌmp.tʃu.əs/

presumptuous

生意気な

Meaning

Overconfident, rude, or taking liberties without permission.

Example

It was presumptuous of him to make that decision without consulting others.

他が他の人と相談せずにその決定を下したのは生意気だった。

B2 verb kəˈlaɪd

collide

衝突する、ぶつかる

Meaning

Hit with force when moving; come into conflict or opposition.

Example

The two cars collided at the intersection.

二台の車が交差点で衝突しました。

A2 noun /trʌk/

truck

トラック

Meaning

a large motor vehicle for transporting goods

Example

The truck was loaded with boxes for the warehouse.

トラックは倉庫に向けて箱を積んでいた。

C1 noun ˌdɪdʒɪˈnɛəreɪʃən

degeneration

退化

Meaning

The process of decline or deterioration in structure or function.

Example

The degeneration of brain cells leads to cognitive decline.

脳細胞の退化は認知機能の低下を引き起こします。

C2 noun dɪsˈbɜːs.mənt

disbursement

支払い

Meaning

The payment of money from a fund.

Example

The company's disbursement of salaries was delayed.

会社の給与の支払いが遅れました。

B1 noun /əˈdʒen.də/

Agenda

アジェンダ

Meaning

a list of items to be discussed at a meeting; a plan of action

Example

The meeting agenda includes budget discussions.

会議のアジェンダには予算の議論が含まれています。

B1 noun /ˈlaɪtɪŋ/

lighting

照明

Meaning

the arrangement or use of light in a place; the act of providing light

Example

The lighting in the restaurant created a warm and cozy atmosphere.

レストランの照明は、暖かく快適な雰囲気を作り出しました。

C1 noun, verb /ˈmæn.deɪt/

mandate

マンダト

Meaning

an official order or command; to give someone authority to act in a certain way

Example

The government issued a mandate to reduce carbon emissions.

政府は炭素排出削減のためのマンダトを発行した。

A2 noun /ˈdrɔːər/

drawer

引き出し

Meaning

a box-shaped storage compartment that slides in and out of furniture

Example

She kept her jewelry in the top drawer of the dresser.

彼女はジュエリーをドレッサーの上の引き出しに入れた。

A1 noun /ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ/

drinking

飲む

Meaning

the act of consuming liquids, especially alcohol

Example

Drinking too much water at once can make you feel bloated.

一度に水を飲みすぎると、膨張感を感じることがあります。

C1 noun kənˈsjuː.mə.rɪ.zəm

consumerism

消費主義

Meaning

The tendency to increase consumption of goods and the importance given to consuming products.

Example

Modern consumerism leads to increased demand for luxury goods.

現代の消費主義は高級品の需要の増加を引き起こします。

C2 phrase /lɛt ðɛm ˈθɪə.ri/

let them theory

彼らに好きなことを考えさせる理論

Meaning

A philosophy of not trying to control others' actions or opinions and allowing them to be themselves.

Example

He follows the Let them theory and ignores negativity.

彼は「彼らに好きなことを考えさせる理論」を実践し、否定的な考えを無視します。

C2 adjective /ˈæn.ə.daɪn/

anodyne

無害な、痛みを和らげる

Meaning

Not likely to cause offense; bland or harmless. Also refers to something that relieves pain.

Example

The speaker’s anodyne remarks avoided controversy.

スピーカーの無害なコメントは論争を避けました。

B2 noun /dɪˈpləʊ.mə/

diploma

卒業証書

Meaning

an official document showing that a person has completed a course of study or training

Example

She received her diploma after finishing the nursing program.

彼女は看護プログラムを修了した後、卒業証書を受け取りました。

C2 noun /fləˈtɪlə/

flotilla

小型艦隊

Meaning

A small fleet of ships or boats operating together.

Example

A flotilla of fishing boats left the harbor at dawn.

漁船のフロティラが夜明けに港を出発しました。

B2 verb /draʊn/

drown

溺れる

Meaning

to die or cause to die by being submerged in and inhaling water

Example

He nearly drowned while swimming in the river.

彼は川で泳いでいるときにほぼ溺れそうになった。

B2 noun /ˈbɛriəl/

burial

埋葬

Meaning

the act of placing a dead body into the ground.

Example

The burial ceremony took place in the afternoon.

埋葬の儀式は午後に行われた。

C1 adjective /ˈruːfəl/

rueful

後悔した

Meaning

Expressing sorrow, regret, or pity.

Example

He gave a rueful smile after losing the match.

試合に負けた後、彼は後悔の笑顔を見せた。

A1 noun /ˈwɛð.ɚ/

weather

天気

Meaning

The state of the atmosphere at a place and time as regards heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc.

Example

The weather forecast predicts heavy rain tomorrow.

天気予報は明日、激しい雨が降ると予測しています。

A2 noun /ɡræs/

grass

幸福

Meaning

plants with narrow green leaves, often covering the ground in fields or gardens

Example

Children are playing on the grass.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

C2 noun /ˈnɑːstrəm/

nostrum

効果のない薬

Meaning

a medicine or remedy, especially one that is not considered effective; a questionable solution

Example

The politician’s plan was dismissed as a mere nostrum for a complex problem.

政治家の計画は、複雑な問題に対する単なる効果のない薬として退けられました。

C1 verb /ˈoʊvərˌhɔːl/

overhaul

完全な改修

Meaning

to examine thoroughly and repair or improve something that is worn or ineffective

Example

The company decided to overhaul its outdated computer system.

会社は古くなったコンピュータシステムのオーバーホールを決定した。

C1 adverb /ˌɪn.ədˈvɜːr.tənt.li/

Inadvertently

うっかり; ついうっかり; 誤って

Meaning

without being aware of what you are doing; unintentionally; by mistake

Example

She inadvertently deleted the important file while cleaning her computer.

彼女はコンピュータを掃除しているとき、重要なファイルをうっかり削除してしまった。

B2 noun /siːdʒ/

Sieze

包囲

Meaning

a military operation to capture a place by surrounding it and cutting off supplies

Example

The siege of the castle lasted for three months.

城塞の包囲は三ヶ月続いた。

C1 verb /smɜrk/

smirk

自己満足の笑顔

Meaning

to smile in a self-satisfied, smug, or silly way

Example

He smirked when he won the argument.

彼は議論に勝ったとき、ニヤリと笑った。

C1 adjective /əˈfɜːrmətɪv/

affirmative

肯定的

Meaning

expressing agreement, approval, or a positive response

Example

She gave an affirmative answer to the proposal.

彼女は提案に対して肯定的な回答をしました。

C2 adjective /ˈmɒtld/

mottled

斑点模様の

Meaning

Marked with spots, streaks, or blotches of different shades or colors.

Example

The snake's mottled skin helped it blend into the forest floor.

ヘビの斑点模様の皮膚は、森の床に溶け込むのを助けました。

C1 adjective /vəˈluː.mə.nəs/

voluminous

膨大, 広大, 巨大

Meaning

Occupying or containing much space; large in volume, in particular.

Example

The library contained a voluminous collection of books.

図書館には非常に大きな本のコレクションがありました。

C1 adjective ɪˈneɪt

Innate

生まれつきのまたは自然の

Meaning

Existing from birth or natural

Example

She has an innate talent for music.

彼女は音楽において生まれつきの才能を持っている。

C2 adverb /ˌeɪˈmɔːrəli/

amorally

非道徳的に

Meaning

In a way that shows no concern about whether behavior is morally right or wrong.

Example

He acted amorally, ignoring the consequences of his actions.

彼は非道徳的に行動し、自分の行動の結果を無視した。

B2 noun steɪks

stakes

賭け

Meaning

A strong wooden or metal post with a point at one end, driven into the ground.

Example

The stakes were high for the success of the project.

プロジェクトの成功のために賭けが大きかった。

C1 noun /ˈwɔː.tər hen/

Water hen

水鳥

Meaning

a waterbird with dark plumage that lives near ponds and wetlands

Example

The water hen swam gracefully across the pond.

水鳥は池を優雅に泳ぎました。

C2 adjective /spæzˈmɒdɪk/

spasmodic

痙攣性

Meaning

occurring irregularly or in sudden bursts

Example

The patient experienced spasmodic coughing during the night.

患者は夜間に痙攣性の咳を経験しました。

C2 noun /ˈkloʊtʃər/

cloture

討論終了手続き

Meaning

a procedure for ending a debate and taking a vote.

Example

The Senate invoked cloture to end the lengthy debate.

上院は長時間の討論を終わらせるためにクロチュールを適用しました。

A1 adjective /haɪ/

high

高い

Meaning

At or to a great height; greater than normal in amount, degree, or intensity.

Example

The mountain peak is very high.

山の頂上はとても高いです。

B2 verb /ɪnˈkwaɪər/

inquire

尋ねる

Meaning

to ask; to investigate

Example

She inquired about the job opening.

彼女は仕事の募集について尋ねました。

A1 noun /raɪs/

Rice

ご飯

Meaning

a cereal grain that is a staple food in many countries

Example

We eat rice with curry for dinner.

私たちは夕食にカレーと一緒にご飯を食べます。

C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈstrʌktəbl/

indestructible

壊れない

Meaning

Impossible to destroy or break.

Example

The superhero's shield was said to be indestructible.

スーパーヒーローの盾は壊れないと言われていました。

B1 noun dɪˈfens

defense

防御

Meaning

The action of defending from or resisting attack; protection from harm or danger.

Example

Defense was one of the central subjects.

防御は主要なテーマの一つだった。

C1 noun /ˈspiːʃiː/

specie

硬貨

Meaning

money in the form of coins rather than notes or credit

Example

The transaction was made in specie.

取引は硬貨で行われました。

B2 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrfɪkt/

imperfect

不完全

Meaning

Not perfect; having faults or flaws.

Example

The painting was beautiful despite being imperfect.

その絵は美しかったが、完璧ではなかった。

C2 verb /bruːt/

bruit

噂を広める

Meaning

to spread a rumor or report widely

Example

The scandal was quickly bruited about the town.

スキャンダルは町ですぐに広まりました。

C1 adjective /ɪˈvɒkətɪv/

evocative

呼び起こす

Meaning

bringing strong images, memories, or feelings to mind

Example

The music was evocative of her childhood memories.

その音楽は彼女の子供時代の記憶を呼び起こしました。

C2 adjective /ˌsuːpərˈæn.ju.eɪ.tɪd/

superannuated

時代遅れの

Meaning

old and no longer useful or valid; retired due to age

Example

The factory was filled with superannuated machines that slowed production.

工場には生産を遅くする時代遅れの機械が満載でした。

C2 adjective /ˈmæn.laɪk/

manlike

男性的

Meaning

Having qualities or characteristics traditionally associated with a man; manly.

Example

His manlike courage impressed everyone in the village.

彼の男性的な勇気は村の皆に感動を与えました。

C2 adjective /ˈbeɪlfəl/

baleful

威圧的な

Meaning

Threatening harm; menacing or expressing hatred.

Example

She gave him a baleful look after the insult.

侮辱の後、彼女は彼に威圧的な目を向けた。

C2 noun /mɪˈsɑːdʒɪnɪst/

misogynist

女性嫌悪者

Meaning

A person who dislikes, despises, or is strongly prejudiced against women.

Example

Many condemned his speech as the words of a misogynist.

多くの人々は彼のスピーチを女性嫌悪者の言葉として非難しました。

A2 noun /ˈdʌst.bɪn/

Dustbin

ゴミ箱

Meaning

a container for holding waste or garbage before disposal

Example

Please throw the paper into the dustbin after use.

使用後は紙をゴミ箱に捨ててください。

C1 noun /weɪl/

Wail

泣き声; 叫び

Meaning

a prolonged cry of pain, grief, or anger; to cry loudly

Example

The child's wail could be heard throughout the house.

その子供の泣き声は家中に聞こえた。

A2 noun /dʒuːs/

Juice

ジュース（果物/野菜または肉から）

Meaning

the liquid obtained from or present in fruit or vegetables; the liquid that comes from meat when it is cooked

Example

The fresh apple juice was delicious and packed with vitamins.

新鮮なリンゴジュースは美味しく、ビタミンが豊富でした。

C1 noun /əˈseɪlənt/

assailant

攻撃者

Meaning

a person who attacks another

Example

The police arrested the assailant at the scene.

警察は現場で攻撃者を逮捕しました。

C2 adjective /lɪˈtɪdʒəs/

litigious

訴訟好き

Meaning

prone to engage in lawsuits or overly inclined to argue legally

Example

He is known as a litigious neighbor who often sues people.

彼はしばしば他人を訴える争い好きな隣人として知られています。

B2 noun /dɪˈnɒmɪˌneɪtər/

denominator

分母

Meaning

the number below the line in a fraction; a common factor in a situation

Example

In the fraction 3/4, the number 4 is the denominator.

3/4の分数では、4は分母です。

C2 adjective /ˈspiːʃəs/

specious

見せかけの

Meaning

Superficially plausible but actually false; misleading in appearance.

Example

The politician’s argument was specious, sounding convincing but lacking real evidence.

その政治家の議論は見せかけのもので、説得力があるように見えたが、実際の証拠は欠けていた。

C1 noun /ˈæd.vənt/

advent

到来

Meaning

The arrival of a notable person, thing, or event.

Example

The advent of the internet changed the way people communicate.

インターネットの到来は人々のコミュニケーション方法を変えました。

B1 noun /ˈpiː.nʌt/

Peanut

ピーナッツ

Meaning

an edible seed that grows underground and is commonly eaten as a snack or used in cooking

Example

Roasted peanuts are a popular snack in many countries.

ローストピーナッツは多くの国で人気のあるスナックです。

B1 noun /ˌdiː.enˈeɪ/

dna

デオキシリボ核酸

Meaning

Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms.

Example

Scientists extracted DNA from the ancient bones.

科学者たちは古代の骨からDNAを抽出しました。

C2 noun /kɒŋk/

Conck

貝

Meaning

a shell, especially a large spiral one used as a horn or for decoration

Example

The priest blew the conch shell to signal the start of the ceremony.

司祭は儀式の開始を知らせるためにコンクの貝を吹きました。

C2 adjective /ˈhɜːrsuːt/

hirsute

Meaning

Having a lot of hair, especially in an unusual place.

Example

The hirsute man stood out in the crowd with his long beard.

C2 adjective /əˈbɔːrtɪv/

abortive

失敗した

Meaning

Failing to produce the intended result; unsuccessful.

Example

Their abortive attempt to climb the mountain ended in retreat.

彼らの山登りの試みは、撤退で終わった。

B1 noun

Kindness

親切; 優しさ; 思いやり

C1 noun ˌfræɡ.mənˈteɪ.ʃən

fragmentation

フラグメンテーション

Meaning

The process or state of breaking or being broken into fragments.

Example

Habitat fragmentation threatens many species.

生息地のフラグメンテーションは多くの種に脅威を与えています。

B2 noun /diˈoʊ.dər.ənt/

Deodorant

デオドラント

Meaning

a substance that removes or conceals unpleasant smells, especially bodily odors

Example

She applied deodorant before going to the gym to stay fresh during workout.

彼女はジムに行く前に、トレーニング中にさっぱりとした状態を保つためにデオドラントを塗りました。

B2 verb /ˈrɛkən/

reckon

推測する

Meaning

To think, believe, or expect something; to calculate or estimate.

Example

I reckon it will rain later today.

今日は後で雨が降るだろうと思います。

A1 noun /ɑːrm/

Arm

腕

Meaning

the upper limb of the human body from the shoulder to the hand

Example

She raised her arm to ask a question.

彼女は質問するために腕を上げました。

C1 adjective /ˈpeɪtrənaɪzɪŋ/

patronizing

見下す

Meaning

showing kindness that is perceived as condescending or superior

Example

His patronizing tone offended the audience.

彼の見下すような口調は観客を不快にさせた。

C2 noun /mɪf/

miff

小さな争い

Meaning

A petty quarrel or annoyance.

Example

They had a slight miff over the seating arrangement.

彼らは座席配置について小さな争いを起こしました。

B2 noun /ˈlænd.fɪl/

landfill

埋立地

Meaning

a site where waste material is buried under the ground

Example

The city built a new landfill to manage its growing waste problem.

その都市は増え続ける廃棄物問題を解決するために新しい埋立地を作りました。

A1 noun/adjective /saʊθ/

south

南

Meaning

the direction towards the bottom of a map, opposite to north

Example

The sun rises in the east and sets in the south.

太陽は東で昇り、南で沈みます。

B2 noun /ˈɛksələns/

excellence

卓越

Meaning

the quality of being outstanding or extremely good

Example

The school is known for its academic excellence.

その学校は学術的な卓越性で知られています。

C2 noun /ˈklæpər/

clapper

鐘の中にある金属部品、鐘を打って音を出す

Meaning

The free-swinging metal piece inside a bell that strikes it to produce sound.

Example

The clapper inside the bell was broken.

鐘の中の金属部品は壊れていた。

C2 noun /broʊɡ/

brogue

丈夫な靴; アクセント

Meaning

A strong outdoor shoe; also a marked accent, especially Irish or Scottish.

Example

He bought a pair of stylish brogues for the wedding.

彼は結婚式のためにおしゃれなブローグを買いました。

C2 verb /ɪˈmjʊər/

immure

閉じ込める

Meaning

to confine or enclose someone against their will

Example

The prisoner was immured in a dark cell.

囚人は暗い監房に閉じ込められた。

C1 verb /ɪkˈstɔːrt/

extort

強奪する

Meaning

to obtain something, especially money, by force, threats, or unfair means

Example

The gang attempted to extort money from local shopkeepers.

ギャングは地元の店主からお金を強奪しようとした。

C2 noun /ˌdaɪ.jʊˈret.ɪk/

diuretic

利尿剤

Meaning

A substance that promotes the production of urine.

Example

Coffee has a mild diuretic effect.

コーヒーは軽い利尿作用があります。

C1 noun ˈiː.θɒs

ethos

文化、時代、またはコミュニティの特徴的な精神

Meaning

The characteristic spirit of a culture, era, or community as manifested in its beliefs and aspirations.

Example

The company's ethos is built on innovation and integrity.

その会社のエトスは、革新と誠実に基づいています。

C1 adjective /ænˈtɪriər/

hurt

傷つける

Meaning

to cause pain or injury; to feel pain physically or emotionally

Example

My back hurts from sitting too long.

長時間座っていたので、背中が痛いです。

C1 noun prəˈpɛn.sə.ti

propensity

傾向または自然な傾向

Meaning

An inclination or natural tendency to behave in a particular way.

Example

He has a propensity for taking risks in business.

彼はビジネスでリスクを取る傾向がある。

C2 verb /ˈkænənaɪz/

canonize

Meaning

To officially declare a dead person a saint; to regard as great or significant.

Example

The church canonized the martyr after years of investigation.

B2 noun/verb /ˈlɪtər/

litter

ゴミ

Meaning

rubbish or waste left lying in a public place; to make a place untidy by leaving rubbish

Example

The park was full of litter after the festival.

祭りの後、公園はゴミでいっぱいだった。

C1 noun /məˈnɒtəni/

monotony

単調さ

Meaning

Lack of variety and interest; tedious repetition and routine.

Example

Breaking the monotony of everyday life can improve mental health.

日常生活の単調さを打破することは、メンタルヘルスの改善に役立つことがあります。

C2 noun /kəˈbɑːdi/

kabadi

廃品回収業者

Meaning

a person who collects and sells scrap or recyclable materials, especially in South Asia

Example

The kabadi came every week to collect old newspapers and bottles.

廃品回収業者は古い物を集めます。

C2 noun /ˈdɔɪən/

doyen

尊敬される人物

Meaning

The most respected or prominent person in a particular field.

Example

He is regarded as the doyen of modern literature in the country.

彼はその国の現代文学のドイエンと見なされています。

C2 noun /ˈɒfərtɔːri/

offertory

奉納

Meaning

The part of a religious service when offerings are collected; the offering itself.

Example

The offertory was taken during the Sunday service.

日曜日の礼拝中に奉納が取られました。