A2 adjective /θɪn/

Thin

薄い; 細い

Meaning

having little thickness; not thick; slender

Example

She wore a thin jacket in the cold weather.

彼女は寒い天気で薄いジャケットを着ていました。

C1 noun, adjective /ˈɡʊrmeɪ/

gourmet

グルメ

Meaning

A person who appreciates fine food and drink; also refers to high-quality food.

Example

They went to a gourmet restaurant to celebrate their anniversary.

彼らは記念日を祝うためにグルメレストランに行きました。

B2 adverb /ˈθʌrəli/

Thoroughly

徹底的に; 完全に;

Meaning

completely; entirely; in a thorough manner

Example

She thoroughly cleaned the entire house before the guests arrived.

彼女はゲストが到着する前に家全体を徹底的に掃除しました。

B2 noun /ˌæl.əˈkeɪ.ʃən/

allocation

割り当て

Meaning

The action or process of distributing resources or duties for a particular purpose.

Example

Budget allocation for education must be increased.

教育のための予算の割り当ては増加しなければならない。

C2 verb /diːˈpɒpjʊˌleɪt/

depopulate

人口減少

Meaning

To reduce the number of people living in a place.

Example

The war threatened to depopulate the once-thriving town.

戦争はかつて繁栄していた町を人口減少させる脅威を与えた。

C2 adjective /ˌhæfˈhɑːr.tɪd/

halfhearted

やる気がない

Meaning

lacking enthusiasm or determination; unenthusiastic

Example

His halfhearted attempt to study did not bring good results.

彼のやる気がない勉強の試みは良い結果を生まなかった。

C1 adjective /ʌnˈkʌltʃəd/

Uncultured

無教養な; 教養のない

Meaning

lacking good manners, refinement, or education; uncivilized

Example

His uncultured behavior embarrassed everyone at the dinner party.

彼の無教養な行動はディナーパーティーでみんなを困らせた。

A2 verb /bɛɡ/

beg

お願いする

Meaning

to ask for something earnestly; to request humbly

Example

The child begged for a new toy.

その子供は新しいおもちゃをお願いしました。

C1 adjective /ˈhɔː.ti/

Haughty

高慢な; 傲慢な

Meaning

arrogantly superior and disdainful; showing excessive pride

Example

She gave him a haughty look and walked away.

彼女は彼に高慢な視線を送り、立ち去った。

B2 adjective /ˈɡrʌm.pi/

Grumpy

不機嫌な; イライラした;

Meaning

bad-tempered and irritable; easily annoyed

Example

He was grumpy all morning because he didn't sleep well.

彼は朝からずっと不機嫌でした、よく眠れなかったからです。

C2 adjective /ˈveɪpərəs/

Vaporous

蒸気のような; 曖昧な

Meaning

consisting of vapor; vague or insubstantial

Example

The morning air was filled with vaporous mist.

朝の空気は蒸気のような霧で満たされていました。

B1 noun /ɪˌlɛkˈtrɒnɪks/

electronics

エレクトロニクス

Meaning

the branch of physics and technology dealing with circuits and devices using transistors, microchips, and other components

Example

He studied electronics at university.

彼は大学でエレクトロニクスを学びました。

C1 adjective ˈfɔːr.mɪ.də.bəl

formidable

手ごわい

Meaning

Inspiring fear or respect through being impressively large, powerful, intense, or capable.

Example

The boxer was a formidable opponent in the ring.

そのボクサーはリングで手ごわい相手だった。

C1 noun /ˌɪnækˈtɪvɪti/

inactivity

不活動

Meaning

the state of not being active physically or mentally; lack of action

Example

Prolonged inactivity can negatively affect both physical and mental health.

長期間の不活動は身体的および精神的健康に悪影響を与えます。

B2 noun ˈæk.tɪv rɪˈkɔːl

Active recall

アクティブリコール

Meaning

A learning technique that involves actively trying to retrieve information from memory rather than passively reviewing material.

Example

Active recall improves long-term memory and retention.

アクティブリコールは長期記憶と保持力を向上させます。

C1 adjective /ˈlæk.tɪk/

lactic

乳または乳酸に関連する

Meaning

Relating to milk or lactic acid.

Example

Intense exercise can lead to a buildup of lactic acid in the muscles.

激しい運動は筋肉に乳酸が蓄積される原因となることがあります。

B2 verb /rɪˈstrɪkt/

restrict

制限する

Meaning

To limit the size, amount, or range of something.

Example

The government decided to restrict the use of plastic bags.

政府はプラスチック袋の使用を制限することを決定しました。

C1 adjective /fəˈnætɪkəl/

fanatical

熱狂的な

Meaning

showing extreme enthusiasm or obsession

Example

She has a fanatical interest in collecting vintage stamps.

彼女は古い切手を集めることに熱狂的な興味を持っています。

C1 verb /priːˈɛmpt/

pre-empt

Meaning

to act in advance to prevent an anticipated event from happening; forestall

Example

The government moved to pre-empt a crisis by introducing new policies.

B2 verb /rɒt/

rot

腐る

Meaning

to decay or decompose; to become corrupt

Example

The fruit will rot if left in the sun.

果物は日光に当たると腐ります。

C1 verb, noun /dɪsˈkrɛdɪt/

discredit

信用を失わせる

Meaning

To harm the reputation of someone or something; loss of respect or credibility.

Example

The scandal discredited the politician in the eyes of the public.

スキャンダルは公衆の目で政治家を信用を失わせました。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɛp(ə)rəbəl/

inseparable

切り離せない

Meaning

Unable to be separated or always together.

Example

The two friends have been inseparable since childhood.

二人の友達は子供の頃から切り離せないです。

B2 noun /ɡler/

Glare

怒りのこもった凝視; 強くてまぶしい光

Meaning

a fierce or angry stare; a strong and dazzling light

Example

The teacher's stern glare silenced the noisy students immediately.

先生の厳しい視線は、すぐに騒がしい学生たちを静めました。

C1 noun /ˈtriːtɪs/

treatise

論文

Meaning

a formal and systematic written work dealing with a subject in detail

Example

He wrote a treatise on modern economic theory.

彼は現代経済理論に関する論文を書いた。

A2 noun /lɪst/

List

リスト

Meaning

a number of connected items or names written or printed consecutively, typically one below the other

Example

Make a list of things you need to buy.

買うべきもののリストを作成してください。

B1 adjective /ˈkɒmplɪˌkeɪtɪd/

complicated

複雑

Meaning

consisting of many interconnected parts; difficult to understand

Example

The instructions for the machine are too complicated to follow.

機械の指示は従うにはあまりにも複雑です。

A2 adjective; noun; gerund /ˈwɪnɪŋ/

winning

勝利の

Meaning

achieving victory or success; attractive or pleasing in a way that brings success

Example

She has a winning attitude that inspires the whole team.

彼女はチーム全体を鼓舞する勝利の態度を持っている。

C1 noun /ˈnɛm.ə.sɪs/

nemesis

敵 / ライバル

Meaning

A long-standing rival or an inescapable agent of downfall.

Example

For years, he considered his colleague to be his nemesis.

何年もの間、彼は同僚を自分の敵だと思っていた。

C1 adjective /ʌnˈtʌtʃəbəl/

Untouchable

触れられない; 批判や攻撃を受けない

Meaning

not able to be touched or affected; beyond criticism or attack

Example

The CEO seemed untouchable despite the scandal.

CEOはスキャンダルにもかかわらず、アンタッチャブルのように見えた。

B2 verb /prɪˈskrʌɪb/

prescribe

処方する

Meaning

to recommend or authorize the use of something, especially medicine

Example

The doctor prescribed medication for my cold.

医者は私の風邪のために薬を処方しました。

A1 preposition /ɪn ˈfrʌnt əv/

in front of

〜の前に

Meaning

positioned before or ahead of something; facing or located at the forward side of a person or object

Example

She stood in front of the building.

彼女は建物の前に立っていた。

C1 noun /ɪnˈsaɪtmənt/

incitement

扇動

Meaning

the action of provoking unlawful or violent behavior

Example

He was arrested for incitement to riot.

彼は暴動を扇動した罪で逮捕された。

C1 noun ˌsɛn.trə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

centralization

中央集権化

Meaning

The concentration of control and decision-making power in a central authority.

Example

Excessive centralization can slow down decision-making.

過度の中央集権化は意思決定の速度を遅くすることがあります。

C1 adjective ˌsəʊsɪəʊpəˈlɪtɪkəl

sociopolitical

社会政治的

Meaning

Combining social and political factors.

Example

Sociopolitical factors often influence public policy decisions.

社会政治的要因はしばしば公共政策決定に影響を与えます。

B2 verb /rɪˈzɛmbəl/

resemble

似ている

Meaning

to look like or be similar to something or someone

Example

She resembles her mother in both appearance and mannerisms.

彼女は見た目と仕草の両方で母親に似ています。

A2 noun /ˈpækɪdʒ/

package

パッケージ

Meaning

a container or wrapping in which something is packed

Example

He received a package in the mail.

彼は郵便でパッケージを受け取った。

B1 adjective /ˈɡɪl.ti/

Guilty

有罪

Meaning

having committed a crime or offense; feeling responsible for wrongdoing

Example

She felt guilty about lying to her parents.

彼女は両親に嘘をついたことに対して有罪だと感じていた。

B2 adjective ˈhæzədəs

hazardous

危険な

Meaning

Dangerous, risky, or potentially harmful

Example

Hazardous pollutants increase health risks.

危険な汚染物質は健康リスクを増加させます。

C1 adjective /ˈɡrʌdʒɪŋ/

grudging

しぶしぶの

Meaning

Reluctant or unwilling; given or allowed only with hesitation.

Example

She gave him a grudging smile after the argument.

口論の後、彼女はしぶしぶ笑顔を見せた。

B2 verb /əˈbaɪd/

abide

従う

Meaning

to accept or act in accordance with; to endure; to dwell

Example

I will abide by the rules of the company.

私は会社のルールに従います。

B2 noun /ˈæɡ.ə.ni/

Agony

極度の肉体的または精神的苦痛; 激しい痛み

Meaning

extreme physical or mental suffering; intense pain

Example

He was in agony after the accident.

事故後、彼は激しい痛みに苦しんでいた。

B1 verb /ˈɒpəreɪt/

operate

操作する

Meaning

to function; to control or manage; to perform surgery

Example

The surgeon will operate on the patient tomorrow.

外科医は明日患者を手術します。

C2 adjective /ˈɑːsɪˌfaɪd/

ossified

骨に変わった、硬直した

Meaning

Turned into bone or become rigid; unwilling to change.

Example

The company had an ossified management structure that resisted innovation.

その会社は、革新に抵抗する硬直した管理構造を持っていました。

B2 noun /ˈʃɛərˌhoʊldər/

shareholder

株主

Meaning

an individual or organization that owns shares in a company

Example

Each shareholder has the right to vote at the annual meeting.

各株主は年次総会で投票する権利を持っています。

C1 adjective /dɪˈmɪnjətɪv/

diminutive

非常に小さい

Meaning

extremely or unusually small

Example

Despite his diminutive size, he was a powerful leader.

その非常に小さい体格にもかかわらず、彼は強力なリーダーだった。

A2 noun /ɡʌn/

Gun

銃

Meaning

a weapon that fires bullets or other projectiles from a metal tube

Example

The soldier cleaned his gun after the training session.

兵士は訓練後に自分の銃を掃除しました。

C1 noun /ˈpɔːrsəlɪn/

porcelain

磁器

Meaning

A white, hard ceramic material often used for dishes and ornaments.

Example

The museum displayed ancient porcelain vases from China.

博物館は中国の古代のポーセリンの花瓶を展示しました。

B1 noun /ruːt/

Root

根; 起源; 基本原因; ルート

Meaning

the part of a plant that grows underground; the basic cause, source, or origin of something

Example

We need to find the root of this problem to solve it permanently.

この問題の根本原因を見つけて、永続的に解決する必要があります。

C2 noun, adjective /nɒn ˈkɒmbətənt/

non-combatant

非戦闘員

Meaning

a person not engaged in fighting during a war, such as civilians or medical staff

Example

The Red Cross workers were treated as non-combatants in the conflict.

赤十字のスタッフは紛争で非戦闘員として扱われました。

B1 adjective /ˈsɛpəreɪtɪd/

separated

分かれた

Meaning

divided or disconnected from something else; not together

Example

They have been living in separated houses since the divorce.

離婚以来、彼らは別々の家に住んでいます。

C1 noun /ɪnˈdjuːsmənt/

inducement

誘因

Meaning

something that persuades or encourages someone to do something

Example

The company offered a bonus as an inducement to employees.

会社は従業員にインセンティブとしてボーナスを提供しました。

B2 noun /ˈdreɪ.nɪdʒ/

drainage

排水

Meaning

the system or process by which water or other liquids are drained away

Example

Poor drainage caused flooding in the neighborhood.

悪い排水システムが近所での洪水を引き起こしました。

C2 noun /ˌɛksɪˈkreɪʃən/

execration

呪い

Meaning

An act of cursing or denouncing someone or something with hatred.

Example

The dictator’s name was spoken with execration after his fall.

独裁者の名前は、彼の転落後に呪いの言葉と共に言われました。

A2 adjective /miːn/

Mean

意地悪; 残酷; 嫌な

Meaning

unkind; cruel; nasty

Example

Don't be so mean to your little sister.

小さな妹にそんなに意地悪しないで。

C2 verb /dʒaɪb/

jibe

皮肉を言う / 一致する

Meaning

to make an insulting remark; to be in agreement or harmony with

Example

His actions did not jibe with his words.

彼の行動は彼の言葉と一致していなかった。

B1 noun wɛlθ

wealth

富

Meaning

The state of being rich; material prosperity; an abundance of valuable possessions or money.

Example

Wealth creation involves building assets that earn while you sleep.

富の創出には、あなたが眠っている間にお金を生む資産を作ることが含まれます。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈsuːpərəbl/

insuperable

克服できない

Meaning

Impossible to overcome or surpass.

Example

The team faced insuperable challenges during the expedition.

チームは遠征中に克服できない課題に直面しました。

C2 noun /ˈɪnsələns/

insolence

無礼

Meaning

rude or disrespectful behavior

Example

The teacher was shocked by the student's insolence.

教師は学生の無礼に驚きました。

C2 adjective /ɪˈrædɪkəbəl/

irradicable

根絶不可能な

Meaning

not able to be eradicated; impossible to destroy or remove completely

Example

The love of a mother for her child is irradicable.

母親の子供への愛は根絶不可能です。

C1 verb /ɡʌʃ/

gush

流れる

Meaning

to flow out suddenly and forcefully, or to express something enthusiastically

Example

Tears began to gush from her eyes.

涙が彼女の目からガシュと流れ出した。

C2 noun brəˈvɑː.dəʊ

bravado

実際ではない勇気や自信の誇示

Meaning

Show of courage or confidence that is not real.

Example

His bravado masked his nervousness before the performance.

彼のブラヴァードはパフォーマンス前の緊張を隠していた。

C1 noun /kæʃ/

cache

キャッシュ

Meaning

A hidden storage of items or a high-speed memory in computing.

Example

The hikers found a cache of supplies hidden under the rocks.

ハイカーたちは岩の下に隠された物資のキャッシュを見つけました。

C2 verb /ˈɡæmbəl/

gambol

楽しく跳ねる

Meaning

to run or jump about playfully

Example

The lambs gamboled in the field under the sun.

羊たちは太陽の下で野原を元気に跳ね回っていました。

A2 adverb /ˈsʌm.deɪ/

someday

いつか

Meaning

at some time in the future

Example

Someday, I want to travel the world.

いつか、私は世界中を旅したい。

C1 adjective /ˈnɔːʃəs/

nauseous

吐き気を感じる

Meaning

feeling like you are about to vomit; causing a feeling of sickness

Example

The smell of rotten food made her feel nauseous.

腐った食べ物の匂いが彼女に吐き気を感じさせた。

C2 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈsɒljʊbl/

indissoluble

解消できない

Meaning

Unable to be destroyed, broken, or dissolved.

Example

Marriage was once considered an indissoluble bond.

結婚はかつて解消できない絆と見なされていました。

C2 noun /ˈɑːm.lət/

Armlet

アームレット

Meaning

a band worn around the upper arm as an ornament

Example

The traditional dancer wore golden armlets that gleamed in the spotlight.

伝統的なダンサーは、スポットライトの中で輝く金色のアームレットを着けていました。

C1 verb /ɪnˈfɛst/

infest

侵入する

Meaning

to overrun in large numbers, especially so as to cause damage or discomfort

Example

The old house was infested with rats.

古い家はネズミで侵されていました。

A2 noun /ˈæl.fə.bɛt/

alphabet

アルファベット

Meaning

a set of letters or symbols in a fixed order used to represent the sounds of a language

Example

Children usually learn the alphabet before learning to read words.

子どもたちはたいてい単語を読む前にアルファベットを学びます。

B2 verb /wɪðˈdrɔː/

withdraw

引き出す

Meaning

to take money out of an account; to remove or pull back

Example

She needs to withdraw money from the bank.

彼女は銀行からお金を引き出さなければならない。

B2 adjective /ˈplɔː.zə.bəl/

plausible

もっともらしい、または可能性がある

Meaning

Seeming reasonable or probable; credible or believable.

Example

His excuse seemed plausible, but I had my doubts.

彼の言い訳はもっともらしく見えたが、私は疑念を抱いていた。

C1 noun /pərˈvɜr.sə.ti/

Perversity

頑固; 逆行;

Meaning

deliberate determination to behave in an unreasonable or unacceptable way; the quality of being contrary or obstinate

Example

His perversity in refusing help frustrated everyone.

彼のパーヴァーシティは、助けを断ることで皆を困らせた。

C2 noun /əˈmʊr/

amour

秘密の愛

Meaning

A secret or illicit love affair.

Example

The novel tells the story of a forbidden amour between two characters.

その小説は、二人の登場人物の間の禁じられたアムールの物語を語っています。

B2 noun/adjective /rɪˈpʌblɪkən/

republican

共和党員

Meaning

a member or supporter of a republican political party or system

Example

The republican candidate won the election.

リパブリカン候補者は選挙に勝利しました。

C2 verb /ˌdɪspəˈzɛs/

dispossess

没収する

Meaning

to deprive someone of land, property, or other possessions

Example

The new law threatened to dispossess many farmers of their land.

新しい法律は多くの農民から土地を奪うと脅迫していました。

B1 verb /ˈɒnər/

honour

敬う

Meaning

to show respect; to keep a promise

Example

We honour our veterans for their service.

私たちは退役軍人をその奉仕のために敬意を表します。

C2 noun /dɪsˈkwaɪɪtjuːd/

disquietude

Meaning

A state of uneasiness, anxiety, or restlessness.

Example

His constant pacing showed his inner disquietude.

A2 noun /ˌænɪˈvɜːrsəri/

anniversary

記念日

Meaning

the yearly recurrence of a date marking a past event

Example

They celebrated their wedding anniversary with a dinner.

彼らは結婚記念日をディナーで祝いました。

C1 adjective /ˌɛvərˈlæstɪŋ/

everlasting

永遠の

Meaning

Lasting forever or for an indefinitely long time.

Example

The poet wrote about his everlasting love for nature.

詩人は自然に対する永遠の愛について書きました。

B2 noun /saɪˈkaɪətri/

psychiatry

精神医学

Meaning

the branch of medicine focused on the study and treatment of mental illness

Example

She decided to study psychiatry to help people with mental health issues.

彼女は精神疾患に苦しむ人々を助けるために精神医学を学ぶことを決めました。

B2 adjective /ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪzd/

specialized

専門的な

Meaning

designed or developed for a particular purpose or function

Example

He has a specialized knowledge of ancient civilizations.

彼は古代文明に関する専門的な知識を持っています。

C1 noun /ˌkɒk.əˈtuː/

Cockatoo

コカトゥ

Meaning

a large parrot with a prominent crest that can be raised or lowered

Example

The white cockatoo raised its beautiful crest.

白いコカトゥは美しい冠羽を上げました。

C2 noun /ˈætəvɪzəm/

atavism

先祖返り

Meaning

The recurrence of traits or characteristics from a remote ancestor.

Example

The scientist noted atavism in the child’s physical features.

科学者は子供の身体的特徴に先祖返りを観察しました。

B2 verb /ˈkæt.ɪ.ɡə.raɪzd/

categorized

分類された

Meaning

Placed in a particular class or group.

Example

The city was categorized as highly polluted.

その都市は高度に汚染されていると分類されました。

C2 noun ˈvɜː.mɪ.kʌl.tʃər

vermiculture

バーミカルチャー

Meaning

The cultivation of earthworms, especially for use in composting organic waste.

Example

Vermiculture enriches soil with natural nutrients.

バーミカルチャーは土壌に自然な栄養素を提供します。

C2 noun /rɪˌkrɪmɪˈneɪʃən/

recrimination

相互非難

Meaning

an accusation made in response to an accusation; mutual blaming

Example

The debate quickly descended into mutual recriminations.

討論はすぐに相互非難に陥った。

B2 noun, verb /steɪk/

stake

株式, リスク

Meaning

A share or interest in a business or venture; to risk or support something of value.

Example

He has a major stake in the new company.

彼は新しい会社に大きな利害関係を持っています。

C2 noun /səbˈsɜːviəns/

subservience

従順

Meaning

the condition of being too willing to obey or serve others

Example

His subservience to authority annoyed his colleagues.

権威への従順さが同僚たちを苛立たせた。

A2 noun /ˈmeməri/

Memory

記憶

Meaning

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information

Example

She has an excellent memory for faces and names.

彼女は顔や名前を覚えるのが得意です。

A1 verb /kʌm/

come

来る

Meaning

to move toward a place; to arrive at a place

Example

Please come to my birthday party.

私の誕生日パーティーに来てください。

B2 adjective/noun /ɪˈrɑːki/

iraqi

イラクの

Meaning

relating to Iraq or its people

Example

The Iraqi culture is rich and diverse.

イラクの文化は豊かで多様です。

B1 noun /baɪˈɒlədʒi/

biology

生物学

Meaning

The scientific study of living organisms.

Example

Biology explains how plants and animals function.

生物学は植物や動物がどのように機能するかを説明します。

B1 noun /aʊl/

Owl

フクロウ

Meaning

a nocturnal bird of prey with large eyes and a hooked beak

Example

The owl hooted softly in the darkness of the forest.

フクロウは森の暗闇で静かに鳴いた。

C2 noun /ˌfɪziˈɑːɡrəfi/

physiography

地理学

Meaning

the study of the physical features of the earth's surface

Example

He specialized in physiography to understand the landscape of the region.

彼は地域の風景を理解するためにフィジオグラフィーを専門にしていました。

C2 adjective /ˈdɛsɪkeɪtɪd/

desiccated

乾燥した

Meaning

completely dried, having had all moisture removed

Example

The museum displayed desiccated specimens of plants.

博物館は乾燥した植物標本を展示した。

C1 adjective /ˈfɪɡərətɪv/

figurative

比喩的

Meaning

not literal; using figures of speech or symbolic representation

Example

She used figurative language to describe her feelings.

彼女は感情を表現するために比喩的な言葉を使いました。

B1 noun /ˈmɪk.sər/

Mixer

ミキサー

Meaning

an electric kitchen appliance used for mixing, beating, and whipping ingredients

Example

The chef used a mixer to prepare the cake batter.

シェフはケーキの生地を作るためにミキサーを使いました。

C2 noun /dɪˈkæmərən/

decameron

デカメロン (ボッカッチョの物語集)

Meaning

A collection of 100 tales written by Giovanni Boccaccio in the 14th century, told by a group of people over ten days.

Example

The Decameron is considered a masterpiece of classical Italian literature.

デカメロンはイタリア古典文学の傑作とされています。

C1 verb /ˈskwɒndər/

squander

浪費する

Meaning

to waste money, time, or opportunities in a careless way

Example

He squandered his inheritance on gambling.

彼はギャンブルに遺産を浪費した。

B2 noun /ˈprɛmɪs/

premise

前提 / 建物

Meaning

a statement or idea on which reasoning or an argument is based; also a building or property

Example

His argument was based on a false premise.

彼の議論は誤った前提に基づいていました。

C2 verb /sɛkˈstuːpəl/

sextuple

セクストゥプル

Meaning

to make or become six times as great or as many

Example

Within two quarters, the campaign sextupled their daily sign-ups.

2つの四半期で、キャンペーンは毎日のサインアップ数を6倍にしました。

C1 verb /dɪˈluːd/

delude

だます

Meaning

To mislead someone into believing something that is not true.

Example

He deluded himself into thinking he could win the race without training.

彼は訓練なしでレースに勝てると思い込み、自分をだました。

A2 adjective, noun /ɡreɪ/

gray

幸せ

Meaning

A color between black and white; also describes dull or gloomy situations.

Example

The sky turned gray before the storm.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せなかった。

C1 adjective /dɪˈfʌŋkt/

defunct

営業停止、廃止

Meaning

No longer existing, operating, or functioning.

Example

The company became defunct after the financial crisis.

その会社は金融危機の後で廃業しました。

C1 noun /səˈprɑːnoʊ/

soprano

女性または子供の最も高い歌声

Meaning

the highest female or boy’s singing voice

Example

She sang beautifully in the soprano range during the concert.

彼女はコンサートでソプラノの範囲で美しく歌いました。

C2 noun /ˈdɒldrəmz/

doldrums

Meaning

A state of inactivity, stagnation, or low spirits; also a region near the equator with calm winds.

Example

After the project failed, the team was stuck in the doldrums for months.

B1 adverb /ˈɡlæd.li/

Gladly

喜んで、楽しんで

Meaning

willingly and with pleasure

Example

I would gladly help you with your homework.

私は喜んで宿題を手伝います。

A1 noun /ˈɡɑːr.dən/

Garden

庭園

Meaning

a piece of ground, often near a house, used for growing flowers, fruit, or vegetables

Example

She spent her morning tending to the roses in her beautiful garden.

彼女は美しい庭園でバラの手入れをしながら朝を過ごしました。

B1 noun/adjective /ˈɪnstənt/

instant

瞬間

Meaning

A very short period of time; happening immediately.

Example

He replied in an instant without hesitation.

彼は躊躇うことなく瞬時に返答した。

C1 verb /ədˈmɒnɪʃ/

admonish

注意する / 叱る

Meaning

to warn or reprimand someone firmly; to advise or urge earnestly

Example

The teacher admonished the students for being late.

先生は遅刻した生徒を注意しました。

C1 noun /ˈrʌbəl/

rubble

瓦礫

Meaning

Broken stone, bricks, or debris from a collapsed building or structure.

Example

The rescue team searched through the rubble after the earthquake.

地震後、救助隊は瓦礫の中を探しました。

B2 noun /ˈlaɪ.nər/

liner

Meaning

A large ship used for transporting people or goods regularly, or a material used as a lining inside something.

Example

The luxury liner docked at the port yesterday.

C2 adjective /ˈfɛtɪd/

fetid

悪臭のある、臭い

Meaning

having a strong, unpleasant smell

Example

The fetid smell from the garbage was unbearable.

ゴミからの臭いは耐えられなかった。

B2 noun /ˈʃɔːrt.kʌm.ɪŋ/

Shortcoming

欠点; 不足; 短所

Meaning

a fault or failure to meet a certain standard; a deficiency

Example

Despite his many talents, he has some shortcomings.

彼の多くの才能にもかかわらず、いくつかの欠点があります。

B1 noun/verb /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/

fighting

戦い

Meaning

the act of engaging in a physical or verbal conflict

Example

The soldiers were fighting bravely on the battlefield.

兵士たちは戦場で勇敢に戦っていました。

C1 adjective /ˈtʃɛk.ərd/

checkered

チェッカード

Meaning

Having a pattern of alternating squares of different colors; also describing a past full of ups and downs or varied experiences.

Example

He had a checkered career with many highs and lows.

彼は多くの浮き沈みを経験したチェッカードなキャリアを持っていた。

C2 noun /ˌɪnsjəˈlærəti/

insularity

島国性

Meaning

The state of being isolated or narrow-minded.

Example

The insularity of the group prevented them from accepting new ideas.

グループの島国性は新しいアイデアを受け入れることを妨げた。

B2 adverb /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/

essentially

本質的に

Meaning

Used to emphasize the basic or fundamental nature of something.

Example

The two plans are essentially the same.

その2つの計画は本質的に同じです。

C2 noun /ˈɛəri/

aerie

鷲の巣

Meaning

A large nest of a bird of prey, especially an eagle, typically built high in a tree or on a cliff.

Example

The eagle built its aerie on the high cliff.

ワシは高い崖に巣を作った

C2 noun /ˈɡʌl.i/

gully

渓谷、小川

Meaning

A narrow channel or ravine worn away by water.

Example

After the storm, the road was cut by a deep gully.

嵐の後、道路は深い谷によって切り開かれました。

B2 noun, verb /ˈhɑːrbər/

harbor

Meaning

noun: a place on the coast where ships may find shelter; verb: to keep (a thought or feeling, often negative) in one's mind

Example

He continued to harbor resentment towards his former boss.