C1 noun ˈθɜː.məl stres

thermal stress

熱応力

Meaning

Stress caused by excessive heat that affects plant growth and development.

Example

High thermal stress affects plant growth.

高い熱的ストレスは植物の成長に影響を与えます。

B2 noun /kwɪˈziːn/

cuisine

料理

Meaning

A style or method of cooking, especially characteristic of a particular country or region.

Example

Italian cuisine is famous all over the world.

イタリア料理は世界中で有名です。

C2 adjective /ˈdʒɒkjələr/

jocular

冗談好きな

Meaning

fond of or characterized by joking; humorous

Example

His jocular nature made him popular among colleagues.

彼の冗談好きな性格は同僚の中で人気があった。

A2 adjective /ˈrɪtən/

written

書かれた

Meaning

expressed in writing rather than spoken; composed or recorded in written form

Example

The agreement must be in written form to be valid.

その契約は有効であるために書面でなければならない。

C1 adjective /ˈseɪlaɪn/

Saline

塩水の; 塩分のある

Meaning

containing salt; salty; relating to salt water

Example

The saline solution is used for medical treatments.

塩水溶液は医療処置に使用されます。

C1 noun /əˈkʌmplɪs/

accomplice

共犯者

Meaning

a person who helps another commit a crime

Example

The thief was arrested along with his accomplice.

泥棒は共犯者と一緒に逮捕されました。

C2 noun /hɜːrs/

Hearse

霊柩車;

Meaning

a vehicle for conveying the coffin at a funeral; a funeral car

Example

The black hearse slowly made its way to the cemetery, followed by a procession of mourners.

黒い霊柩車がゆっくりと墓地に向かい、その後ろに哀悼の列が続いていた。

A2 adjective /ˈsʌðərn/

southern

南の

Meaning

located in or facing the south; southern regions

Example

She moved to a southern city for work.

彼女は仕事のために南の都市に引っ越した。

C1 noun /əˈtoʊnmənt/

atonement

贖罪

Meaning

the act of making amends for a wrong, sin, or injury

Example

The festival was celebrated as a day of atonement.

その祭りは贖罪の日として祝われました。

A2 noun /ɪkˈsaɪt.mənt/

Excitement

興奮

Meaning

a feeling of great enthusiasm and eagerness

Example

The children could barely contain their excitement about the upcoming field trip.

子供たちは次の学校旅行についての興奮を抑えることができなかった。

C2 adjective /dʒʊˈrɪdɪkəl/

juridical

司法的

Meaning

Relating to judicial proceedings or the administration of law.

Example

The case raised important juridical questions.

その事件は重要な司法的問題を提起しました。

B1 verb /prəˈpoʊz/

propose

提案する

Meaning

to suggest an idea or plan for consideration; to ask someone to marry you

Example

I propose we take a short break.

私は短い休憩を取ることを提案します。

B2 verb /wiːv/

weave

織る

Meaning

to make cloth by interlacing threads; to move in and out

Example

She learned to weave beautiful carpets.

彼女は美しいカーペットを織ることを学びました。

A2 noun /klʌb/

club

クラブ

Meaning

an organization of people with a common interest; also a place for social gatherings or entertainment

Example

He joined the local tennis club to meet new people.

彼は新しい人々に会うために地元のテニスクラブに参加しました。

C1 noun /kjʊˈreɪtər/

curator

キュレーター

Meaning

a person who is responsible for the care and management of a museum, gallery, or collection

Example

The curator organized a new exhibition of ancient artifacts.

キュレーターは新しい古代の遺物の展示を組織しました。

C1 verb /ˈnʌrɪʃ/

nourish

栄養を与える

Meaning

To provide with food or other substances necessary for growth, health, and good condition

Example

Good books nourish the mind.

良い本は心を栄養します。

C2 adjective /ɔːˈɡʌst/

august

威厳

Meaning

Respected and impressive; inspiring reverence or admiration.

Example

The king entered the hall with an august presence.

王は威厳のある存在感でホールに入ってきた。

C1 noun kəˈmɑːnd ɪˈkɒn.ə.mi

command economy

計画経済

Meaning

An economic system where economic activities are controlled by the government.

Example

In a command economy, the government controls production and prices.

計画経済では、政府が生産と価格を管理します。

B1 verb /rɪˈviːl/

reveal

明らかにする

Meaning

to make known or show something that was hidden

Example

The investigation revealed the truth.

調査は真実を明らかにした。

B2 adjective /əkˈsel.ə.reɪ.tɪd/

accelerated

加速された

Meaning

Happening or developing faster than usual.

Example

The project progressed at an accelerated pace.

プロジェクトは加速したペースで進んでいった。

C1 noun məˈnɒp.əl.i

monopoly

独占

Meaning

The exclusive possession or control of the supply of or trade in a commodity or service.

Example

The company has a monopoly on electric car production.

その会社は電気自動車の生産で独占しています。

C1 noun /ˈhjuːbrɪs/

hubris

傲慢

Meaning

excessive pride or self-confidence

Example

His hubris led to his downfall.

彼の傲慢が彼の没落を引き起こした。

B1 noun /ˈvæl.juː/

Value

価値; 価格; 重要性

Meaning

the importance or worth of something; the amount of money that something is worth

Example

This antique vase has great sentimental value to our family.

このアンティークの花瓶は私たちの家族にとって大きな感情的価値があります。

B2 adjective ˌprəʊˈæk.tɪv

proactive

積極的

Meaning

Taking action by causing change and not only reacting to change when it happens.

Example

Proactive strategies are needed to combat scarcity.

不足に対処するために積極的な戦略が必要です。

B2 noun /ˈprɪv.ə.lɪdʒ/

Privilege

特権

Meaning

a special right or advantage that only one person or group has

Example

It's a privilege to work with such talented people.

才能ある人々と一緒に働けることは特権です。

C1 adjective /ˌkaʊntərɪnˈtuːɪtɪv/

counterintuitive

直感に反する

Meaning

contrary to what one would intuitively expect

Example

His approach seems counterintuitive but it actually works.

彼のアプローチは直感に反するように見えますが、実際には効果的です。

B2 noun /ˈpɪm.pəl/

Pimple

ニキビ

Meaning

a small, inflamed elevation of the skin; a spot on the skin, especially on the face

Example

She was embarrassed about the pimple on her forehead.

彼女は額のニキビに気まずさを感じていた。

C1 noun /ˈɡɑːr.lənd/

Garland

花冠; ガーランド;

Meaning

a wreath of flowers and leaves, worn on the head or hung as decoration

Example

The bride wore a beautiful floral garland during the traditional ceremony.

花嫁は伝統的な式典で美しい花の冠を身に着けていました。

C2 verb /ˈdʌv.teɪl/

dovetail

完全に合致する

Meaning

to fit or combine perfectly together

Example

Her plans dovetail perfectly with our goals.

彼女の計画は私たちの目標に完全に合致しています。

C1 adjective /ˈfɒnɪk/

phonic

音声学の

Meaning

relating to speech sounds or their production; connected to phonics

Example

Children learn phonic rules to read new words accurately.

子供たちは新しい単語を正確に読むために音声学のルールを学びます。

C2 noun /niːˈɒlədʒɪzəm/

neologism

新造語

Meaning

A newly coined word or expression.

Example

The internet has given rise to many neologisms like 'selfie' and 'hashtag'.

インターネットは「セルフィー」や「ハッシュタグ」などの多くの新造語を生み出しました。

A2 noun /teɪst/

Taste

味; 個人的な好み

Meaning

the sensation produced when food touches the tongue; personal preference or liking

Example

This cake has a sweet taste that I really enjoy.

このケーキは私が本当に楽しんでいる甘い味がします。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrviəs/

impervious

透過しない

Meaning

Not allowing fluid to pass through; unable to be affected by something.

Example

The jacket is impervious to rain.

ジャケットは雨に透過しません。

B2 verb /ɪɡˈzɔːst/

exhaust

疲れさせる

Meaning

to tire out completely; to use up resources

Example

The long journey exhausted the children.

長い旅が子供たちを疲れさせた。

C2 noun /ˈæp.ɪˌkʌl.tʃər/

apiculture

養蜂業

Meaning

The practice of keeping and raising bees for honey and other products.

Example

Apiculture plays a vital role in agriculture by supporting pollination.

養蜂業は農業において重要な役割を果たしており、受粉をサポートしています。

A2 verb /kræʃ/

crash

幸せ

Meaning

To collide violently; to suddenly stop working (for machines or computers).

Example

The car crashed into the wall at high speed.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠せなかった。

C2 noun /ˈtælən/

talon

爪

Meaning

A claw, especially one belonging to a bird of prey.

Example

The eagle gripped the fish with its sharp talons.

ワシはその魚を鋭い爪で捕まえた。

A2 verb /dɪsˈkʌvər/

discover

発見する

Meaning

to find something for the first time

Example

Scientists discovered a new planet last year.

科学者たちは昨年新しい惑星を発見しました。

C2 adjective /ænˈdrɒdʒɪnəs/

androgynous

アンドロジナス

Meaning

Having both male and female characteristics; not clearly masculine or feminine.

Example

The fashion show featured models with an androgynous look.

ファッションショーではアンドロジナスなルックのモデルが登場しました。

C2 adjective /roʊn/

roan

ロアン馬

Meaning

denoting an animal, especially a horse, having a coat of mixed colors, typically reddish-brown and white

Example

The rider mounted a roan horse with a speckled coat.

騎手は斑点のあるコートを持ったロアン馬に乗った。

B2 verb /dɪsˈtɜːb/

disturb

邪魔する

Meaning

to interrupt or cause someone to stop what they are doing

Example

Please don’t disturb me while I’m studying.

勉強している間に私を邪魔しないでください。

A1 verb /teɪk/

take

取る, 持っていく

Meaning

to get possession of; to carry or bring with oneself

Example

Please take this book to the library.

この本を図書館に持って行ってください。

C1 adjective /sɛkˈtɛəriən/

sectarian

宗派的

Meaning

relating to or characterized by the differences between sects, often leading to conflict

Example

The region has been troubled by sectarian violence for decades.

この地域は数十年にわたり宗派的な暴力に悩まされてきました。

A2 noun /ˌænɪˈvɜːrsəri/

anniversary

記念日

Meaning

the yearly recurrence of a date marking a past event

Example

They celebrated their wedding anniversary with a dinner.

彼らは結婚記念日をディナーで祝いました。

A1 verb /niːd/

need

必要

Meaning

to require something; to be in want of

Example

I need help with my homework.

私は宿題に助けが必要です。

C1 adjective /ˈwɔːrˌlaɪk/

warlike

戦闘的

Meaning

Having an aggressive or militant nature; inclined to fight or engage in war.

Example

The tribe was known for its warlike traditions.

その部族は戦闘的な伝統で知られていました。

C2 noun /ˈʌŋɡwənt/

unguent

軟膏

Meaning

A soothing or healing ointment applied to the skin.

Example

The doctor applied an unguent to heal the burn.

医者は火傷を治すために軟膏を塗った。

C1 noun /miːlˈjuː/

milieu

環境

Meaning

A person's social environment or surroundings.

Example

She grew up in an artistic milieu.

彼女は芸術的な環境で育ちました。

C2 noun /ˈplɛnɪtjuːd/

plenitude

充実

Meaning

the condition of being full or abundant; a great quantity

Example

The garden was a plenitude of flowers in spring.

春に庭は花の充実でした。

C2 adjective /ˌækwiˈɛsənt/

acquiescent

黙認

Meaning

ready to accept something without protest, or to do what someone else wants

Example

He gave an acquiescent smile and agreed to the plan.

彼は黙認の笑顔を見せて、計画に同意しました。

C1 adjective /ˈtraɪflɪŋ/

Trifling

些細な; 重要でない; 無駄な

Meaning

of little importance; trivial; insignificant

Example

Don't worry about such trifling matters.

そんな些細なことで心配しないでください。

B2 verb /dɪˈnaʊns/

denounce

非難する

Meaning

To publicly declare something to be wrong, evil, or condemn strongly.

Example

The leader denounced corruption in his speech.

リーダーはスピーチで汚職を非難しました。

C1 adjective /θiːˈmætɪk/

thematic

テーマ的

Meaning

Relating to or based on a theme.

Example

The book is organized into thematic chapters.

その本はテーマごとに章が整理されています。

C1 adjective /nəʊˈmæd.ɪk/

nomadic

遊牧

Meaning

Living the life of a nomad; wandering from place to place without a fixed home.

Example

The tribe led a nomadic lifestyle.

部族はノマディックなライフスタイルを送っていた。

B1 noun /ˈwɜːrkpleɪs/

workplace

職場

Meaning

a place where people work, such as an office, factory, or shop

Example

Maintaining good communication is vital in the workplace.

職場で良好なコミュニケーションを保つことは非常に重要です。

B2 adjective /ˈsɜːdʒɪkəl/

surgical

外科手術に関連する

Meaning

relating to or involving surgery

Example

She underwent surgical treatment to repair the damage.

彼女は損傷を修復するために外科的治療を受けました。

C2 adjective /əˈfɔːrsed/

Aforesaid

前述の

Meaning

mentioned before; previously stated

Example

The aforesaid conditions must be met before approval.

前述の条件は承認前に満たす必要があります。

C1 adjective /pəˈnɪnsjələr/

peninsular

半島のような

Meaning

Relating to or resembling a peninsula.

Example

The peninsular region is surrounded by water on three sides.

その半島のような地域は、三方向が水で囲まれています。

C1 verb /ˈdʒenərəlaɪz/

generalize

一般化する

Meaning

To make a broad statement by inferring from specific cases.

Example

It is wrong to generalize based on a few experiences.

いくつかの経験に基づいて一般化するのは間違っています。

C1 noun ˈdɛtrɪ.mənt

detriment

損害、害、障害

Meaning

Harm, damage, impairment.

Example

Smoking is a detriment to health.

喫煙は健康に対するデトリメントです。

C2 verb /ˈsnɪvəl/

snivel

弱い、またはイライラさせる方法で泣くまたは不平を言う

Meaning

to cry or complain in a weak or annoying way

Example

He began to snivel when he didn’t get his way.

自分の思い通りにならなかったとき、彼は泣き始めた。

A2 verb /ɪɡˈnɔːr/

ignore

無視する

Meaning

to refuse to take notice of; to disregard intentionally

Example

She decided to ignore the rude comments.

彼女は失礼なコメントを無視することに決めました。

B2 verb /ɡræsp/

grasp

握る

Meaning

to grip firmly; to understand something

Example

She finally grasped the concept after the explanation.

彼女は説明の後、ついにその概念を理解しました。

B2 adjective /rɪˈɡret.ə.bəl/

Regrettable

残念な; 失望させる; 悲しい

Meaning

causing or deserving regret; unfortunate; deplorable

Example

It is regrettable that so many talented people left the company.

こんなに多くの才能ある人々が会社を辞めたのは残念です。

B2 noun, verb /bluːm/

bloom

咲く；繁栄する

Meaning

to produce flowers; to develop or flourish; a flower or the state of flowering

Example

The roses bloom beautifully every spring.

バラは毎年春に美しく咲きます。

C1 /ˈɡrævəl/

gravel

砂利

Meaning

Small stones and pebbles, often mixed with sand, used for paths, roads, and construction.

Example

The driveway was covered with gravel.

ドライブウェイは砂利で覆われていました。

C2 adjective /rɪˈfʌldʒənt/

refulgent

輝く

Meaning

Shining brightly; radiant.

Example

The refulgent sun lit up the entire valley.

輝く太陽が谷全体を照らした。

A1 pronoun /ðɛər/

their

彼らの

Meaning

belonging to or associated with the people or things previously mentioned

Example

Their house is on the corner.

彼らの家は角にあります。

A1 adjective /ˈhʌŋɡri/

Hungry

お腹がすいている

Meaning

feeling the need for food; having a strong desire or craving

Example

I am very hungry after working all day.

一日中働いた後でとてもお腹がすいています。

B2 adjective /ɪmˈper.ə.tɪv/

imperative

命令形

Meaning

Of vital importance; crucial; giving or expressing a command.

Example

It is imperative to address the climate crisis immediately.

気候危機に直ちに対処することがインペラティブです。

C1 noun /ˌsæbəˈtɜːr/

saboteur

破壊工作員

Meaning

A person who engages in sabotage.

Example

The saboteur was arrested before he could plant the bomb.

破壊工作員は爆弾を設置する前に逮捕されました。

B1 noun /ˈlaɪtɪŋ/

lighting

照明

Meaning

the arrangement or use of light in a place; the act of providing light

Example

The lighting in the restaurant created a warm and cozy atmosphere.

レストランの照明は、暖かく快適な雰囲気を作り出しました。

C2 noun /bɪˈnɪɡnɪti/

Benignity

優しさ; 穏やかさ; 良いまたは親切な性質

Meaning

kindness; gentleness; the quality of being benign or gracious

Example

Her benignity towards all people made her beloved by everyone.

彼女の優しさは、彼女をすべての人々から愛される存在にしました。

C2 noun /ˌædʒʊˈreɪʃən/

adjuration

厳粛なお願い

Meaning

a solemn urging or appeal

Example

The priest made an adjuration for peace and unity.

神父は平和と団結のために厳粛なお願いをしました。

A1 adverb /wʌns/

Once

一度; 過去に

Meaning

one time only; at some time in the past; formerly

Example

I have been to Paris once in my life.

私は一度だけパリに行ったことがあります。

C2 adjective /ˈmæk.jʊˌleɪ.tɪd/

maculated

斑点のある

Meaning

Spotted or stained; marked with blemishes.

Example

The maculated surface of the old mirror gave it a unique charm.

古い鏡の斑点のある表面は、独特の魅力を与えました。

C2 adjective /ˌʌnprəˈpɪʃəs/

unpropitious

不運な

Meaning

Not giving or indicating a good chance of success; unfavorable.

Example

The team began their journey under unpropitious weather conditions.

チームは不運な天候の中で旅を始めました。

B2 noun /ˈmɪnərəl/

mineral

鉱物

Meaning

a naturally occurring substance that is solid and inorganic, often used in industry or nutrition

Example

Calcium is an important mineral for strong bones.

カルシウムは強い骨のための重要な鉱物です。

B2 adjective /ˈhɑlːoʊ/

Hollow

空洞; 中身がない;

Meaning

having an empty space inside; lacking substance or meaning; insincere

Example

The hollow tree trunk provided shelter for small animals.

空洞の木の幹は小さな動物に避難場所を提供しました。

C1 noun /iːl/

Eel

ウナギ

Meaning

a long, snake-like fish that lives in both fresh and salt water

Example

The electric eel can generate powerful electric shocks.

デンキウナギは強力な電気ショックを発生させることができます。

C2 noun /ˈsækrɪsti/

sacristy

サクリスティ

Meaning

a room in a church where sacred vessels and vestments are kept

Example

The priest entered the sacristy before the mass began.

司祭はミサが始まる前にサクリスティに入った。

B2 noun /ˈwɜːk.fləʊ/

workflow

作業の流れ、プロセスの順序

Meaning

The sequence of processes through which a piece of work passes from initiation to completion.

Example

A well-structured workflow enhances productivity.

よく構成されたワークフローは生産性を高めます。

B2 noun ˈɡaɪd.laɪnz

guidelines

ガイドライン

Meaning

Rules or instructions that are given by an official organization telling you how to do something

Example

Guidelines for AI usage are essential.

AIの使用に関するガイドラインは必須です。

C1 noun /əˈsæsɪn/

Assassin

暗殺者

Meaning

a person who murders an important person for political or religious reasons

Example

The president was protected from potential assassins by security guards.

大統領はセキュリティガードによって潜在的なアサシンから守られていた。

受動的; (文法) 受動態

Meaning

not actively responding or participating; in grammar, denoting the voice in which the subject undergoes the action

Example

Instead of taking charge, he remained passive during the meeting.

会議では責任を取る代わりに、彼は受動的なままでした。