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B2 verb /ˈtɛstəfaɪ/

testify

証言する
Meaning
to make a statement or declaration under oath or to give evidence
Example
She was called to testify in court about the accident.
彼女は事故について証言するために裁判所に呼ばれました。
B2 verb /dreɪn/

drain

Meaning
to cause liquid to flow away from something; to remove liquid
Example
He drained the pasta before adding the sauce.
B2 adjective /kənˈsɪd.ər.ɪt/

Considerate

思いやりのある; 配慮深い
Meaning
showing careful thought about the feelings or wishes of others; thoughtful
Example
He is always considerate of others' feelings.
彼はいつも他人の感情に配慮しています。
B2 noun /pætʃ/

Patch

パッチ
Meaning
a small piece of material used to mend a hole; a small area of something different
Example
She sewed a patch over the hole in her jeans.
彼女はジーンズの穴にパッチを縫い付けました。
B2 adjective /ˌʌnəˈweər/

Unaware

無自覚; 知らない; 気づかない
Meaning
not knowing or realizing; having no knowledge of something
Example
She was completely unaware of the danger.
彼女はその危険に完全に気づいていなかった。
B2 verb /ˈɔːdɪt/

audit

監査する
Meaning
to examine and verify financial records or accounts officially
Example
The accountant will audit the company's books next month.
会計士は来月会社の帳簿を監査します。
B2 noun /ˈʌpˌkiːp/

up-keep

維持管理
Meaning
The process or cost of maintaining something in good condition.
Example
The upkeep of the old house is very expensive.
古い家の維持管理は非常に高価です。
B2 adjective /ˈmɛtrɪk/

metric

メトリック
Meaning
Relating to the metric system of measurement; also, a standard of measurement used to assess performance.
Example
The company tracks success using clear performance metrics.
会社は明確なパフォーマンス指標を使用して成功を追跡しています。
B2 noun /steɪn/

Stain

シミ; 汚れ
Meaning
a colored patch or dirty mark that is difficult to remove; a blemish or damage to reputation
Example
There was a coffee stain on his white shirt.
彼の白いシャツにはコーヒーのシミがありました。
B2 verb /koʊp/

cope

対処する
Meaning
to deal effectively with something difficult
Example
She had to cope with a lot of pressure at work.
彼女は仕事で大きなプレッシャーに対処しなければなりませんでした。
B2 noun /ˈɡɑːr.di.ən/

Guardian

守護者; 後見人
Meaning
a defender, protector, or keeper; a person legally responsible for the care of someone unable to manage their own affairs
Example
After her parents died, her uncle became her legal guardian and took care of her.
両親が亡くなった後、彼女の叔父は彼女の法的な後見人となり、彼女の世話をしました。
B2 noun /ˈkɑːmpaʊnd/

compound

化合物 / 閉鎖されたエリア
Meaning
a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; an enclosed area with buildings
Example
The scientist studied the chemical compound in the lab.
科学者はラボで化学化合物を研究しました。
B2 verb /dwel/

dwell

住む
Meaning
to live in a place; to think about something for a long time
Example
They dwell in a small cottage by the lake.
彼らは湖の近くの小さな家に住んでいます。
B2 adverb /ɪkˈsplɪsɪtli/

explicitly

明確に
Meaning
in a clear and detailed manner, leaving no room for confusion or doubt
Example
The instructions were explicitly written to avoid any confusion.
指示は明確に書かれており、混乱を避けるためです。
B2 noun /ˈfɛə(r)nɪs/

fairness

公平
Meaning
the quality of being free from bias, favoritism, or injustice
Example
She always strives for fairness in her decisions.
彼女は常に自分の決定に公平さを求めています。
B2 adjective /səˈbɜːrbən/

suburban

郊外の
Meaning
relating to or characteristic of a suburb or the people living there
Example
They bought a house in a quiet suburban area.
彼らは静かな郊外の地域に家を買いました。
B2 adverb /ˈmɪzərəbli/

Miserably

悲惨に
Meaning
in a wretched or unhappy manner; extremely badly
Example
The team performed miserably in the championship.
チームはチャンピオンシップで悲惨にプレーしました。
B2 adjective /ˈbɒdɪli/

bodily

身体的な
Meaning
relating to or concerning the body
Example
He suffered bodily harm in the accident.
彼は事故で身体的な損傷を受けた。
B2 noun /ˈlɒbstər/

Lobster

ロブスター
Meaning
a large marine crustacean with claws and a hard shell
Example
The lobster was served with melted butter and lemon.
ロブスターは溶かしバターとレモンで提供されました。
B2 noun /ˈkʌlprɪt/

culprit

犯人
Meaning
a person who is responsible for a crime or misdeed
Example
The police caught the culprit behind the robbery.
警察は強盗の背後にいる犯人を捕まえた。
B2 noun /ˈskriːnɪŋ/

screening

スクリーニングまたは上映
Meaning
the act of examining or testing people to detect disease or evaluate suitability; a showing of a movie or program
Example
The hospital offered free health screening for all employees.
病院はすべての従業員に無料の健康スクリーニングを提供しました。
B2 adjective /ˈkʌltʃəd/

cultured

教養のある
Meaning
characterized by refined taste, manners, and education
Example
She is a cultured woman who loves art and literature.
彼女は芸術と文学を愛する教養のある女性です。
B2 noun /ˈrep.taɪl/

Reptile

爬虫類
Meaning
a cold-blooded animal with scaly skin that lays eggs on land
Example
The lizard is a common reptile found in gardens.
トカゲは庭で見られる一般的な爬虫類です。
B2 noun ˌkɒm.prɪˈhɛn.ʃən

comprehension

理解
Meaning
The ability to understand something; understanding or grasp of knowledge.
Example
Reading improves vocabulary and comprehension skills.
読書は語彙力と理解力を向上させます。
B2 adjective /ɪmˈpɪəriəl/

imperial

帝国の
Meaning
Relating to an empire or emperor; having supreme authority.
Example
The imperial palace was a symbol of the emperor's power.
インペリアル宮殿は皇帝の力の象徴でした。
B2 adjective /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

becoming

似合う
Meaning
attractive, suitable, or flattering to the wearer or situation
Example
That dress is very becoming on her.
そのドレスは彼女にとても似合っています。
B2 noun bjʊəˈrɒk.rə.si

bureaucracy

官僚主義
Meaning
A system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.
Example
Excessive bureaucracy can slow down decision-making.
過度な官僚主義は意思決定を遅らせることがあります。
B2 noun /taɪm/

thyme

タイム
Meaning
A small aromatic herb used in cooking and medicine.
Example
She sprinkled thyme on the roasted chicken.
彼女はローストチキンにタイムを振りかけました。
B2 noun /ˈreɪ.zən/

Raisin

レーズン
Meaning
dried grape
Example
She added raisins to the oatmeal cookies for extra sweetness.
彼女はオートミールクッキーに甘さを加えるためにレーズンを加えました。
B2 noun /dɪˈsper/

Despair

絶望
Meaning
the complete loss or absence of hope; a state of feeling hopeless
Example
After losing his job, he fell into despair and couldn't see any way forward.
仕事を失った後、彼は絶望し、前に進む方法が見えなかった。
B2 noun ˈven.tʃərz

ventures

事業
Meaning
Business enterprises or undertakings, especially risky ones.
Example
Luxury ventures in space attract wealthy clients.
宇宙での豪華なベンチャーは裕福な顧客を引きつける。
B2 noun ˈmɪdl klæs

middle-class

中産階級
Meaning
The social group between the upper and working classes, typically consisting of well-educated people.
Example
The middle-class was largely affected by the decision.
中産階級はその決定によって大きな影響を受けました。
B2 noun /krɪˈeɪtə/

creator

創造者
Meaning
a person who brings something into existence
Example
He is the creator of many successful startups.
彼は多くの成功したスタートアップのクリエイターです。
B2 verb /ədˈmɪnɪstər/

administer

管理する
Meaning
to manage or control the running of; to give or apply medicine or treatment
Example
The nurse will administer the vaccine to all patients.
看護師はすべての患者にワクチンを接種します。
B2 verb /ˈbætər/

batter

繰り返し打つ
Meaning
To strike repeatedly with force.
Example
The waves battered the shoreline all night.
波が一晩中海岸を打ちました。
B2 adjective /ˌkɒmplɪˈmɛntəri/

complementary

補完的な
Meaning
combining in such a way as to enhance or emphasize the qualities of each other
Example
The two partners have complementary skills.
二人のパートナーは補完的なスキルを持っています。
B2 verb /əˈsaɪn/

assign

割り当てる
Meaning
to give someone a task, duty, or responsibility
Example
The manager will assign tasks to the new employees.
マネージャーは新しい従業員に仕事を割り当てる予定です。
B2 adverb /ˈflu:əntli/

Fluently

流暢に; スムーズに
Meaning
in a smooth, effortless, and articulate manner; with ease and skill
Example
She speaks French fluently.
彼女はフランス語を流暢に話す。
B2 noun /məˈkænɪks/

mechanics

力学
Meaning
the branch of physics concerned with the motion of objects and the forces acting on them; also refers to the practical details of how something works
Example
He studied the mechanics of the machine before fixing it.
彼は機械を修理する前に、その力学を学んだ。
B2 adjective /əˈbʌndənt/

abundant

豊富
Meaning
existing or available in large quantities; plentiful
Example
The garden was abundant with colorful flowers.
庭は色とりどりの花であふれていました。
B2 noun /ˌɒpəˈzɪʃən/

opposition

反対
Meaning
the action of opposing or resisting something
Example
The opposition to the new law was strong.
新しい法律に対する反対は強かった。
B2 verb /ɪnˈkaʊntər/

encounter

遭遇する / 出会う
Meaning
to unexpectedly meet someone or experience something, especially something difficult or new
Example
During the hike, we encountered a wild bear.
ハイキング中に、私たちは野生のクマに遭遇しました。
B2 noun /prəˈmoʊ.tər/

promoter

プロモーター
Meaning
A person or organization that helps to organize or finance an event, business, or product launch.
Example
The promoter organized a concert for the new band.
プロモーターは新しいバンドのためにコンサートを組織しました。
B2 adverb /bɪˈfɔːr.hænd/

Beforehand

前もって; 事前に; あらかじめ
Meaning
in advance; ahead of time; earlier
Example
We prepared everything beforehand.
私たちは前もってすべて準備しました。
B2 noun /ˈklɒzɪt/

closet

クローゼット
Meaning
a small room or enclosed space used for storing clothes or other things
Example
She keeps her winter coats in the closet near the door.
彼女は冬のコートをドアの近くのクローゼットに保管しています。
B2 noun ˈlaɪf ɪkˌspek.tən.si

life expectancy

平均寿命
Meaning
The average period that a person may expect to live; the length of time for which something is expected to last or to continue being effective.
Example
Life expectancy depends on healthcare quality.
平均寿命は医療の質に依存します。
B2 verb /tʌk/

tuck

タック
Meaning
to push or fold something neatly into a particular place
Example
She tucked the blanket around the baby to keep him warm.
彼女は赤ちゃんの周りに毛布をタックして温かく保ちました。
B2 noun /skrɪpt/

script

脚本
Meaning
The written text of a play, film, or broadcast; handwriting style.
Example
The actor memorized his lines from the script.
俳優は脚本からセリフを覚えました。
B2 conjunction /wɛərˈæz/

whereas

〜一方で
Meaning
used to introduce a contrast or comparison between two facts
Example
She prefers tea, whereas he likes coffee.
彼女はお茶が好きですが、彼はコーヒーが好きです。
B2 verb /ɪmˈbɑːrk/

embark

乗り出す
Meaning
to begin a journey, project, or activity
Example
She decided to embark on a new career in medicine.
彼女は医学の新しいキャリアを始める決断を下しました。
B2 verb ˈɛskəleɪt

escalate

エスカレート
Meaning
To increase rapidly; to become more intense or serious
Example
The aging population is escalating at an alarming rate.
高齢化する人口は警告的な速度でエスカレートしています。
B2 adverb /ˈbəʊld.li/

Boldly

大胆に; 恐れずに
Meaning
in a confident and brave way; without fear
Example
She boldly stepped forward to face the challenge.
彼女は挑戦に立ち向かうために大胆に前進した。
B2 verb /kənˈtæmɪneɪt/

contaminate

Meaning
To make something impure, dirty, or harmful by contact with a poisonous or polluting substance.
Example
The river was contaminated by industrial waste.
B2 verb /ˈwɪɡəl/

wiggle

揺れる, 動かす
Meaning
To move or cause to move with small rapid movements from side to side.
Example
The baby wiggled happily in her mother's arms.
赤ちゃんは母親の腕の中で幸せそうに揺れていました。
B2 noun /ˈɔːrnəmənt/

ornament

装飾品
Meaning
A decorative object that adds beauty to something.
Example
The Christmas tree was decorated with colorful ornaments.
クリスマスツリーはカラフルな装飾品で飾られていました。
B2 noun /ˈmeɪnstriːm/

mainstream

主流
Meaning
the ideas, attitudes, or activities that are regarded as normal or conventional; the dominant trend in opinion or fashion
Example
Social media has become a mainstream source of news for many people.
ソーシャルメディアは多くの人々にとって主流のニュースソースとなった。
B2 adjective /ɡəʊl ɔːˈrɪəntɪd/

goal-oriented

目標指向
Meaning
Focused on achieving specific objectives or targets; driven by clear aims.
Example
Being goal-oriented is crucial for achieving success.
目標指向であることは成功を達成するために重要です。
B2 noun /ˈpɜr.mə.nəns/

Permanence

永続性
Meaning
the state or quality of lasting or remaining unchanged indefinitely; enduring nature
Example
The permanence of the stone monument impressed all visitors.
石の記念碑の永久性はすべての訪問者に印象を与えました。
B2 noun /ˈæstərɔɪd/

asteroid

アステロイド
Meaning
A small rocky body orbiting the sun, mostly found in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.
Example
The asteroid belt lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
小惑星帯は火星と木星の軌道の間にあります。
B2 noun /iˈkɒlədʒɪst/

ecologist

エコロジスト
Meaning
A scientist who studies the relationships between living organisms and their environment.
Example
The ecologist studied the effects of pollution on the forest ecosystem.
エコロジストは森林の生態系に対する汚染の影響を研究しました。
B2 noun ɔːɡˈmɛn.tɪd riˈæl.ɪ.ti

augmented reality

拡張現実、仮想と現実世界の融合
Meaning
Technology that overlays digital information on the real world environment.
Example
Gaming has been transformed by augmented reality.
拡張現実がゲームを変えました。
B2 adjective /ˌæn.tiˈsoʊ.ʃəl/

Antisocial

反社会的な; 社会秩序に敵対的
Meaning
avoiding social interaction; hostile to social order
Example
His antisocial behavior made it difficult for him to make friends.
彼の反社会的な行動は、友達を作るのを難しくしました。
B2 noun /ˈeɪlmənt/

ailment

病気
Meaning
An illness, typically a minor one.
Example
He went to the doctor for a minor stomach ailment.
彼は軽い胃の病気のために医者に行った。
B2 adjective /ˌfʌndəˈmɛntl/

fundamental

Meaning
forming a necessary base or core; of central importance
Example
Honesty is a fundamental principle of good leadership.
B2 adjective /hɪˈlɛəriəs/

hilarious

非常に面白い
Meaning
Extremely funny or amusing.
Example
The comedian told a hilarious story that had everyone laughing.
コメディアンは、みんなが笑ってしまうような非常に面白い話をしました。
B2 noun /ˈdes.tə.ni/

Destiny

運命; 定め; 前定
Meaning
the events that will necessarily happen to someone in the future; fate or predetermined course
Example
She believed that meeting him was her destiny and meant to be.
彼女は彼に出会うことが運命だと信じていて、それは必ず起こることだと思っていた。
B2 adjective /ˈkɒm.pɪ.tənt/

Competent

有能な; 能力がある
Meaning
having the necessary skill or knowledge to do something successfully; capable
Example
She is a competent manager who handles all tasks efficiently.
彼女はすべてのタスクを効率的に処理する有能なマネージャーです。
B2 noun ˈdʒes.tʃərz

gestures

ジェスチャー
Meaning
Body movements, especially of hands, face, or body when speaking.
Example
Effective gestures add emphasis to a speech.
効果的なジェスチャーはスピーチに強調を加えます。
B2 verb /ˈskætər/

scatter

散らす
Meaning
to spread or throw around in different directions
Example
The wind scattered the leaves across the yard.
風が庭に葉っぱを散らばらせた。
B2 noun /ˈseɪf.ɡɑːrd/

Safeguard

保護措置
Meaning
measure or action designed to protect someone or something
Example
New safeguards were implemented to prevent data breaches.
データ漏洩を防ぐために新しい保護措置が実施されました。
B2 noun /ˌrɛfəˈriː/

referee

審判
Meaning
a person who oversees a game or match to ensure the rules are followed
Example
The referee stopped the game after a foul.
審判はファウルの後、試合を停止しました。
B2 noun /rɪˈmeɪnz/

remains

遺物
Meaning
the parts, pieces, or substances that are left after the rest has been used or removed
Example
The remains of the meal were left on the table.
食事の残り物はテーブルに残されていた。
B2 verb /ˌriːprəˈdjuːs/

reproduce

再生する, 繁殖する
Meaning
To make a copy of something; to generate offspring.
Example
Many animals reproduce rapidly in favorable conditions.
多くの動物は好ましい条件下で急速に繁殖します。
B2 noun /ˈnoʊ.ʃən/

Notion

概念
Meaning
a conception or belief about something; an idea or opinion
Example
She had a strange notion that someone was following her.
彼女は誰かが彼女を追っているという奇妙な概念を持っていた。
B2 adverb /rɪˈlʌk.tənt.li/

Reluctantly

いやいや
Meaning
in an unwilling manner; with hesitation or resistance
Example
She reluctantly agreed to help with the project.
彼女はプロジェクトを手伝うことに渋々同意した。
B2 verb /ˈkɒm.plɪ.keɪt/

complicate

複雑にする
Meaning
To make something more difficult or confusing.
Example
The new rules will only complicate the process.
新しいルールはプロセスをさらに複雑にするだけです。
B2 adverb /ʌnˈkɒnʃəsli/

unconsciously

無意識に
Meaning
without being aware of one's actions or surroundings
Example
She unconsciously tapped her foot to the rhythm of the music.
彼女は無意識に音楽のリズムに合わせて足をトントンしていた。
B2 noun /ɔː/

awe

驚嘆
Meaning
a feeling of deep respect mixed with fear or wonder
Example
The children looked at the fireworks in awe.
子供たちは花火を驚嘆して見ていました。
B2 verb, noun, adjective /prɑːmpt/

prompt

促す / 迅速
Meaning
To cause someone to take action; done without delay.
Example
His speech prompted the audience to ask questions.
彼のスピーチは聴衆に質問を促しました。
B2 adjective /ˌkɒst.ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/

cost-efficient

コスト効率的
Meaning
Achieving maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense.
Example
Cost-efficient solutions benefit industries.
コスト効率的な解決策は産業に利益をもたらす。
B2 adjective /ˈrɪski/

risky

Meaning
Involving the possibility of danger, harm, or loss
Example
Investing in that startup is risky but could bring high rewards.
B2 adjective /dɪˈskriːt/

discreet

慎重な
Meaning
careful and prudent in one's speech or actions, especially to keep something confidential or avoid embarrassment
Example
She was discreet about the details of their conversation.
彼女は彼らの会話の詳細について慎重でした。
B2 verb /ˈkɒmbæt/

combat

戦う
Meaning
to fight against something, especially to reduce or stop it
Example
The government is taking steps to combat corruption.
政府は汚職と戦うための措置を講じています。
B2 adjective /ʌnˈlɔːfl/

Unlawful

違法; 不法
Meaning
not authorized by law; illegal
Example
The court declared the search unlawful.
裁判所はその捜索を不法と宣言しました。
B2 noun ˈlɛvərɪdʒ

leverage

てこ入れ
Meaning
The use of borrowed capital or resources to increase the potential return of an investment; using something to maximum advantage.
Example
Leverage amplifies your efforts and scales your work.
てこ入れはあなたの努力を強化し、仕事をスケールアップします。
B2 noun /ˌrɪəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

realization

実現
Meaning
the act of becoming fully aware of something as a fact
Example
Her realization of the problem helped solve the issue.
彼女の問題の認識が問題解決に役立った。
B2 adjective /ɪmˈper.ə.tɪv/

imperative

命令形
Meaning
Of vital importance; crucial; giving or expressing a command.
Example
It is imperative to address the climate crisis immediately.
気候危機に直ちに対処することがインペラティブです。
B2 noun /ˈsɑːrdʒənt/

sergeant

軍曹
Meaning
A rank of non-commissioned officer in the armed forces or police.
Example
The sergeant gave orders to the soldiers before the mission.
軍曹は任務の前に兵士たちに命令を出した。
B2 noun /ɪˈkweɪʒən/

equation

方程式
Meaning
a mathematical statement that shows the equality of two expressions
Example
He solved the equation to find the value of x.
彼はxの値を見つけるために方程式を解いた。
B2 verb /skriːtʃ/

screech

きしみ音を立てる
Meaning
to make a loud, high-pitched and unpleasant sound
Example
The car screeched to a halt.
車はきしみ音を立てて急停止した。
B2 adjective /prɪˈventɪv/

Preventive

予防的; 何かが起こるのを防ぐために設計された
Meaning
designed to prevent something from happening; protective against disease
Example
Regular exercise is a preventive measure against heart disease.
定期的な運動は心臓病予防の手段です。
B2 verb /pəˈluːt/

pollute

汚染する
Meaning
to make air, water, or land dirty and harmful to people, animals, and plants
Example
Factories pollute the environment with toxic chemicals.
工場は有害な化学物質で環境を汚染します。
B2 noun /kɒd fɪʃ/

Cod fish

タラ
Meaning
A large marine fish with white flesh, commonly used for food
Example
The fisherman caught a large cod fish in the North Atlantic.
漁師は北大西洋で大きなタラを捕まえた。
B2 verb /dɪˈmɒlɪʃ/

demolish

取り壊す
Meaning
to destroy completely, especially a building or structure
Example
The city decided to demolish the old stadium to build a new one.
その都市は新しいものを作るために古いスタジアムを取り壊すことに決めました。
B2 verb /ɛksˈheɪl/

exhale

息を吐く
Meaning
to breathe out air from the lungs
Example
She slowly exhaled after holding her breath.
彼女は息を止めた後、ゆっくりと息を吐き出した。
B2 noun /rʌst/

Rust

錆
Meaning
reddish-brown coating formed on iron or steel by oxidation; corrosion
Example
The old car was covered in rust after years of neglect.
古い車は何年も放置されていた後、サビで覆われていました。
B2 noun /ˈsaɪrən/

siren

サイレン
Meaning
A device that makes a loud prolonged sound as a signal or warning; in mythology, a creature that lures sailors with enchanting songs.
Example
The police car passed with its siren blaring.
警察車両はサイレンを鳴らしながら通り過ぎました。
B2 noun /prɪˈdɪk.ʃən/

Prediction

予測
Meaning
a statement about what will happen in the future; a forecast
Example
The weather prediction says it will rain tomorrow.
天気予報は明日雨が降ると言っています。
B2 verb /ˌoʊvərˈpeɪ/

overpay

過剰に支払う
Meaning
To pay more than is necessary or reasonable.
Example
She realized she had overpaid for the concert tickets.
彼女はコンサートのチケットに多く支払ったことに気づきました。
B2 verb /ɪˈveɪd/

evade

回避する
Meaning
To escape or avoid something, especially by cleverness or trickery.
Example
He tried to evade the question by changing the subject.
彼は話題を変えることで質問を回避しようとした。
B2 verb /ˈmɑːdərət/

moderate

調整する
Meaning
to make less extreme or intense; to control or preside over
Example
She moderated the heated debate between the candidates.
彼女は候補者の間で熱い議論を調整しました。
B2 noun /ˈʃepərd/

Shepherd

羊飼い
Meaning
a person who tends and guards sheep
Example
The shepherd guided his flock to the green pasture.
羊飼いは自分の群れを緑の牧草地に導いた。
B2 noun /ˈdiːtʊr/

detour

迂回路
Meaning
A longer or less direct route taken to avoid something or reach a destination.
Example
We had to take a detour because the main road was closed.
メイン道路が閉鎖されていたので、迂回路を取らなければならなかった。
B2 noun /ɪnˈdʌstriəl ˌrɛvəˈluːʃən/

Industrial Revolution

産業革命
Meaning
The rapid development of industry that occurred in Britain in the late 18th and 19th centuries, brought about by the introduction of machinery and characterized by the use of steam power and the growth of factories.
Example
The Industrial Revolution marked a shift in production processes.
産業革命は生産プロセスにおける変化を示しました。
B2 noun /ˌɑb.zɚˈveɪ.ʃən/

Observation

観察
Meaning
the action of watching something carefully; a comment or remark
Example
The scientist made careful observations of the experiment.
科学者は実験を慎重に観察しました。
B2 noun /ˈhɑːr.mə.ni/

harmony

調和
Meaning
A pleasing combination of different elements or a state of peaceful coexistence.
Example
A society thrives when there is harmony among its people.
社会は人々の間に調和があると繁栄します。
B2 noun /kənˈvɛn.ʃən.əl ˈfɑːr.mɪŋ/

conventional farming

従来型農業
Meaning
Traditional farming method using synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and modern technology.
Example
Conventional farming increases crop production using fertilizers.
従来型農業は肥料を使って作物の生産を増加させる。
B2 noun, verb, adjective /ˈpeɪtənt/ or /ˈpætənt/

patent

特許
Meaning
a government license granting exclusive rights to an inventor; also to obtain such rights
Example
He patented his new invention to protect it from being copied.
彼は自分の新しい発明をコピーから守るために特許を取った。
B2 noun /ˈhɑːrd.ʃɪp/

Hardship

困難、苦難
Meaning
severe suffering or privation; difficulty or distress
Example
Despite facing many hardships during the war, the family remained united and hopeful.
戦争中に多くの困難に直面したにもかかわらず、家族は団結して希望に満ちていました。
B2 adjective /ˈweɪ.kɪŋ/

Waking

目覚めている; 意識的な
Meaning
awake and conscious; relating to the time when one is awake
Example
She spent her waking hours studying for the exam.
彼女は試験のために目覚めている時間を勉強に費やしました。
B2 noun ˈflaɪ.ɪŋ kɑːrz

flying cars

空飛ぶ車
Meaning
Vehicles that can travel both on roads and in the air.
Example
Flying cars could soon solve urban traffic congestion.
空飛ぶ車はすぐに都市の交通渋滞の問題を解決できるでしょう。
B2 adjective /ˈwɜːrθləs/

Worthless

無価値な; 役に立たない
Meaning
having no value; useless
Example
The old computer became worthless after the new software updates.
新しいソフトウェアのアップデート後、古いコンピュータは無価値になった。
B2 verb /suː/

sue

訴える
Meaning
to bring a lawsuit against someone in a court of law
Example
She decided to sue the company for damages.
彼女は損害賠償のために会社を訴えることに決めました。
B2 noun /haɪˈiː.nə/

Hyena

ハイエナ
Meaning
a wild animal of Africa and Asia that looks like a dog and makes a sound like laughter
Example
The hyena laughed in the darkness of the night.
ハイエナは夜の闇の中で笑いました。
B2 adverb /ˈliːɡəli/

legally

合法的に
Meaning
in a way that is allowed by law
Example
He is legally responsible for his actions.
彼は自分の行動に対して合法的に責任があります。
B2 adverb /əˈproʊpriətli/

appropriately

適切に
Meaning
in a way that is suitable or proper for a particular situation
Example
She was dressed appropriately for the event.
彼女はイベントに適切に服を着ていました。
B2 adjective /ˈtʃiːzi/

cheesy

安っぽい/過度に感傷的
Meaning
tacky, overly sentimental, or cheap in quality
Example
The movie was funny but a bit too cheesy.
映画は面白かったけど、ちょっと安っぽすぎた。
B2 noun ˌpʌŋkˈtʃʊəlɪti

punctuality

時間厳守
Meaning
The quality of being on time; the habit of arriving or doing things at the agreed or proper time.
Example
Punctuality is a valued trait in professional settings.
時間厳守はプロフェッショナルな環境で重要な特性です。
B2 noun /ˈlɒk.ɪt/

Locket

ロケットペンダント
Meaning
a small ornamental case, typically made of gold or silver, worn on a chain around the neck
Example
She kept her grandmother's photo in the locket.
彼女は祖母の写真をロケットペンダントに入れていました。
B2 noun /ɪnˈsen.tɪv/

Incentive

インセンティブ; 刺激
Meaning
a thing that motivates or encourages someone to do something; a reward or penalty that influences behavior
Example
The company offered a cash incentive to employees who exceeded their sales targets.
その会社は売上目標を達成した従業員に現金インセンティブを提供しました。
B2 adjective /ʌnˈwaɪz/

unwise

賢明でない
Meaning
Showing poor judgment; not sensible or prudent.
Example
It would be unwise to invest all your money in one company.
すべてのお金を1つの会社に投資するのは賢明でないことです。