teetotalism
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C2 noun /tiːˈtoʊtəlɪzəm/

teetotalism

アルコール完全断絶主義
Meaning
the practice or principle of abstaining completely from alcoholic drinks
Example
He practiced teetotalism throughout his life.
彼は一生涯ティートタリズムを実践した。
C1 noun /lʌmp/

Lump

かたまり; ぶつかり; こぶ
Meaning
a compact mass of a substance, especially one without a definite or regular shape
Example
She found a lump of sugar in the bowl.
彼女はボウルの中で砂糖の塊を見つけました。
C1 noun esˈθet.ɪks

aesthetics

美学
Meaning
A set of principles concerned with the nature and appreciation of beauty, especially in art and design.
Example
Interior design focuses on aesthetics and functionality.
インテリアデザインは美学と機能性に焦点を当てています。
C2 verb /ˈæbrəɡeɪt/

abrogate

廃止する
Meaning
To formally repeal, cancel, or abolish a law, agreement, or custom.
Example
The government decided to abrogate the outdated treaty.
政府は古い条約を廃止することを決定しました。
A2 noun ɪˈvɛnts

events

イベント
Meaning
A thing that happens, especially one of importance.
Example
Several events were held across the country.
国内でいくつかのイベントが開催されました。
B2 noun /ˈtræn.zɪt/

transit

輸送
Meaning
Transportation or travel system, the process of travel or transportation from one place to another.
Example
The city is investing in a new transit system.
都市は新しい輸送システムに投資しています。
C2 noun /ˈaɪdɪl/

idyll

田園詩的なシーン
Meaning
An extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque episode or scene, often idealized.
Example
Their honeymoon was an idyll on a tropical island.
彼らのハネムーンは熱帯の島での田園詩的なシーンでした。
B2 noun, verb /ˈbʌŋkər/

bunker

地下壕
Meaning
a reinforced underground shelter; to place or store something in a protected place
Example
They hid in a bunker during the air raid.
空襲の間、彼らは地下壕に隠れた。
B2 verb /dɪsˈkɑːrd/

discard

捨てる
Meaning
to throw away something that is no longer needed
Example
She decided to discard the old clothes.
彼女は古い服を捨てることに決めました。
C2 noun /ˈdrɪvəl/

drivel

戯言
Meaning
silly or nonsensical talk
Example
The politician’s speech was full of meaningless drivel.
政治家の演説は意味のない戯言でいっぱいだった。
C2 noun /ˈriːdʒənt/

regent

摂政
Meaning
a person who rules in place of a monarch when the monarch is absent or too young
Example
The prince acted as regent until the king came of age.
王子は王が成人するまで摂政として行動した。
C2 verb /pərˈtɪkjələrˌaɪz/

particularize

詳細に述べる
Meaning
to mention or describe something in detail
Example
The witness was asked to particularize the events of that night.
証人はその夜の出来事を詳細に説明するように求められました。
C1 adjective /ˈbɑːmi/

balmy

穏やかで心地よい温かさ；癒し。
Meaning
Mild and pleasantly warm; soothing.
Example
We enjoyed a walk on a balmy summer evening.
私たちは穏やかな夏の夕方に散歩を楽しみました。
C1 noun /ˈpɜːrpɪtreɪtər/

perpetrator

犯人
Meaning
a person who commits a harmful, illegal, or immoral act
Example
The police arrested the perpetrator of the crime.
警察は犯罪者を逮捕した。
B2 noun /ˈruːlɪŋ/

ruling

判決
Meaning
an official decision made by a judge or authority.
Example
The court’s ruling favored the defendant.
裁判所の判決は被告に有利でした。
C1 noun /ˌjuːθəˈneɪʒə/

euthanasia

安楽死
Meaning
The practice of intentionally ending a life to relieve pain and suffering.
Example
The debate about euthanasia raises difficult ethical questions.
安楽死についての議論は、難しい倫理的な問題を提起します。
C2 adjective /ˌnɒnpəˈreɪl/

nonpareil

比類のない
Meaning
Having no equal; unrivaled or matchless.
Example
Her beauty was considered nonpareil in the region.
彼女の美しさはその地域で比類のないものと考えられていた。
C1 adjective /ˌmɒnəˈlɪθɪk/

monolithic

モノリシック
Meaning
Massive, uniform, and indivisible; resembling a large single stone or structure.
Example
The company maintained a monolithic structure resistant to change.
その会社は変化に強いモノリシックな構造を維持しました。
B2 verb /ɪnˈfɜːr/

infer

Meaning
to conclude or deduce something from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statements
Example
From his silence, I inferred that he was not happy with the decision.
C2 noun /ˈɡæli/

galley

船の厨房
Meaning
A low, flat ship used in ancient times, often with sails and oars; also, a kitchen on a ship or aircraft.
Example
The galley was filled with the smell of freshly cooked food.
船の厨房は新鮮に調理された食べ物の匂いで満ちていた。
B1 noun /ˈsɜːr.kəmˌsˌtæn.sɪz/

Circumstances

状況
Meaning
the conditions that affect a situation, action, or event; facts or conditions connected with or relevant to an event
Example
Under normal circumstances, she would have arrived by now.
通常の状況では、彼女はもう到着しているはずです。
C2 noun /ɪˌpɪstəˈmɒlədʒi/

epistemology

認識論
Meaning
The branch of philosophy that studies the nature, origin, and scope of knowledge.
Example
Epistemology explores the difference between justified belief and opinion.
認識論は正当な信念と意見との違いを探求します。
B2 adjective /ˌæksɪˈdɛntl/

accidental

偶然の
Meaning
happening by chance, unintentionally
Example
The fire was caused by an accidental spark.
火事は偶然の火花によって引き起こされました。
C1 adjective /sɔɪld/

soiled

汚れた
Meaning
dirty or stained; not clean
Example
His clothes were soiled after playing in the mud.
泥遊びをした後、彼の服は汚れていた。
C1 adjective /ˈɡruːsəm/

gruesome

恐ろしい
Meaning
Causing horror or disgust.
Example
The police discovered a gruesome crime scene.
警察は恐ろしい犯罪現場を発見しました。
C1 adjective /ˈkwɪzɪkəl/

quizzical

困惑した, 質問のような
Meaning
Expressing mild or amused puzzlement.
Example
She gave him a quizzical look when he made the strange comment.
彼が奇妙なコメントをしたとき、彼女は困惑した表情を彼に向けました。
C2 verb /fɔːrˈboʊd/

forebode

予兆する
Meaning
To predict or have a strong inner feeling of a future misfortune or evil.
Example
Dark clouds forebode a coming storm.
暗い雲が来る嵐を予兆している。
B1 verb/noun /bɔːr/

bore

退屈させる
Meaning
Verb: To make someone feel uninterested or tired; Noun: A dull or tiresome person.
Example
The lecture began to bore the students.
講義は学生を退屈させ始めた。
A2 adjective /waɪld/

Wild

野生の; 未飼育の
Meaning
living in natural conditions; not domesticated or cultivated; uncontrolled
Example
We saw wild animals in the forest.
私たちは森で野生動物を見ました。
B1 adjective /ˈɜːrdʒənt/

Urgent

緊急
Meaning
requiring immediate action or attention; pressing
Example
The patient needs urgent medical attention.
患者は緊急の医療支援が必要です。
C1 verb (past) /ˈmɛrɪtɪd/

merited

価値がある
Meaning
Deserved or earned something.
Example
Her dedication merited recognition from the community.
彼女の献身はコミュニティからの認識を得るに値しました。
C1 verb /fɔːˈbɛər/

forbear

控える
Meaning
To refrain from doing something; to show patience or self-control.
Example
She forbore from commenting on his mistake.
彼女は彼の間違いについてコメントするのを控えました。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌltri/

sultry

蒸し暑く湿った、魅力的な
Meaning
Uncomfortably hot and humid; also describes someone attractive in a passionate or sensual way.
Example
The sultry weather made it hard to focus on work.
蒸し暑い天気は仕事に集中するのを難しくしました。
B2 noun /ˈaʊtɪŋ/

outing

お出かけ
Meaning
a short trip or excursion, often for leisure or enjoyment
Example
They had a lovely outing at the beach last weekend.
彼らは先週末、ビーチで素晴らしいお出かけをしました。
A2 adjective /sɪksθ/

sixth

六番目
Meaning
coming after the fifth in order, position, or rank
Example
He finished the race in sixth place.
彼はレースで六番目に終わった。
B2 noun /ˈkɒl.ər/

Collar

カラー
Meaning
a band of material around the neck; in jewelry context, a close-fitting necklace
Example
She wore an elegant pearl collar to the formal dinner.
彼女は正式なディナーでエレガントな真珠のカラーを着けていた。
C1 adjective /ˈkɔːʃənˌɛri/

cautionary

警告的な
Meaning
serving as a warning; intended to prevent problems or mistakes by giving advice or examples
Example
The report offers a cautionary message about unchecked spending.
その報告書は無計画な支出について警告的なメッセージを示している。
A2 noun /əˈlɪmpɪks/

olympics

オリンピック競技大会
Meaning
an international sports competition held every four years with athletes from many countries
Example
The Olympics bring athletes from all over the world together.
オリンピックは世界中のアスリートを一堂に集めます。
B2 noun /ˈælkəhɒlɪzəm/

alcoholism

アルコール依存症
Meaning
A chronic disease characterized by uncontrolled drinking and preoccupation with alcohol.
Example
His alcoholism affected both his health and his family life.
彼のアルコール依存症は、彼の健康と家庭生活に影響を与えた。
C1 noun /ˈnɒnʃələns/

nonchalance

無頓着
Meaning
A relaxed and calm state, showing lack of concern or interest.
Example
She answered the tough questions with surprising nonchalance.
彼女は驚くべき無頓着で難しい質問に答えました。
B2 verb /poʊk/

poke

突く
Meaning
to push or prod with a finger or pointed object
Example
Don't poke me with your finger.
指で突っつかないで。
C1 verb /ˈstriːm.laɪn/

streamline

効率化または効率を高める
Meaning
To make a process simpler and more efficient.
Example
The company aims to streamline production to reduce costs.
会社はコスト削減のために生産の効率化を目指しています。
A1 noun /ˈhʌzbənd/

husband

夫
Meaning
A married man regarded in relation to his spouse.
Example
Her husband is very supportive of her career.
彼女の夫は彼女のキャリアを非常に支援しています。
C1 adjective /ɪkˈsiːdɪŋ/

Exceeding

過剰な; 超越した
Meaning
going beyond; surpassing; extremely
Example
The project was completed with exceeding excellence.
プロジェクトは極めて優れた成果で完了しました。
B2 adjective /trɔːˈmætɪk/

traumatic

衝撃的
Meaning
Deeply distressing or disturbing, often related to emotional or physical injury.
Example
The accident was a traumatic experience for the entire family.
その事故は家族全員にとって衝撃的な体験でした。
B2 adjective /ʌnprɪˈpɛrd/

Unprepared

準備不足
Meaning
not ready or able to deal with something
Example
He was unprepared for the difficult exam.
彼は難しい試験に準備していなかった。
C1 verb/noun /ˈsɒldər/

solder

はんだ付け
Meaning
To join metal parts together by melting and putting a filler metal into the joint
Example
He soldered the broken wires back together.
彼は壊れた配線を再びはんだ付けしました。
B2 noun /tekˈnɒl.ə.dʒɪ.kəl ədˈvɑːns.mənt/

technological advancement

技術的進歩
Meaning
Progress or improvement in technology that leads to better solutions or capabilities.
Example
Technological advancement is revolutionizing healthcare.
技術的進歩は医療分野を革命的に変えつつある。
C1 adjective /ˈven.ə.məs/

Venomous

毒性のある; 悪意のある;
Meaning
secreting venom; full of malice or spite; extremely hostile
Example
The venomous snake struck quickly at its prey.
毒ヘビはすばやく獲物を攻撃した。
C1 adjective, verb /sɪˈdeɪt/

sedate

鎮静する
Meaning
calm, quiet, and composed; or to administer a drug to make someone calm or sleep
Example
The nurse sedated the patient before the operation.
看護師は手術の前に患者を鎮静しました。
C2 conjunction /ˌɪnəzˈmʌtʃ æz/

inasmuch-as

なぜなら
Meaning
Because; since.
Example
He cannot attend, inasmuch as he is unwell.
彼は出席できません、なぜなら彼は病気だからです。
C2 adjective /ˈvɔːntɪd/

vaunted

過度に称賛された
Meaning
praised or boasted about, especially excessively
Example
The vaunted technology failed to deliver the expected results.
過度に称賛された技術は期待された結果を提供できませんでした。
B2 noun /ˈkjuː.bɪ.kəl/

cubicle

仕切られたスペース
Meaning
A small partitioned-off area of a room, typically in an office.
Example
She works in a cubicle with three other colleagues.
彼女は他の3人の同僚と一緒に仕切られたスペースで働いています。
A2 noun ˈliːdər

leader

リーダー
Meaning
A person who leads or commands a group, organization, or country.
Example
The leader inspired people.
リーダーは人々を鼓舞しました。
C1 verb /rɪˈkuːpəreɪt/

recuperate

回復する
Meaning
to recover from illness or regain strength
Example
She went to the countryside to recuperate after surgery.
彼女は手術後、回復するために田舎に行った。
B1 noun /tɔːrtʃ/

Torch

懐中電灯／松明
Meaning
a portable electric lamp powered by batteries; a flaming stick used for light
Example
Use the torch to find your way in the dark.
暗闇の中で道を見つけるには、トーチを使いましょう。
B2 noun draʊt

drought

干ばつ
Meaning
A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall; a shortage of water.
Example
Drought impacts crop growth significantly.
干ばつは作物の成長に大きな影響を与えます。
B2 adjective əˈstɒnɪʃɪŋ

astonishing

驚くべき
Meaning
Extremely surprising or impressive; amazing.
Example
The astonishing discovery changed the way we view the universe.
その驚くべき発見は、私たちが宇宙を見る方法を変えました。
C1 noun /ˈlʌstər/

luster

光沢
Meaning
a gentle sheen or soft glow, especially from a polished surface
Example
The diamond had a brilliant luster.
ダイヤモンドは輝く光沢を持っていた。
B2 noun /dɪˈnɒmɪˌneɪtər/

denominator

分母
Meaning
the number below the line in a fraction; a common factor in a situation
Example
In the fraction 3/4, the number 4 is the denominator.
3/4の分数では、4は分母です。
C1 noun /ˈplʌn.dər.ər/

Plunderer

略奪者
Meaning
a person who steals goods, especially during war or civil disorder
Example
The plunderers ransacked the village after the battle.
戦いの後、略奪者たちは村を荒らしました。
B2 adjective /ˈsoʊbər/

Sober

冷静な; 真剣で思慮深い; 節度のある
Meaning
not affected by alcohol; serious and thoughtful; moderate
Example
He remained sober throughout the celebration.
彼は祝典全体を通して冷静を保っていた。
C2 adjective /əˈbɑː.mə.nə.bəl/

abominable

忌まわしい
Meaning
causing moral revulsion; extremely unpleasant
Example
The prisoners were kept in abominable conditions.
囚人たちは忌まわしい状況で拘束されていた。
C1 noun /ˈkɪŋ.fɪʃ.ər/

King-Fisher

カワセミ
Meaning
a small bird with bright blue and orange feathers that catches fish by diving into water
Example
The colorful kingfisher dove into the pond to catch a fish.
色とりどりのカワセミが池に飛び込んで魚を捕まえました。
B1 adjective /ˈfæʃənəbəl/

fashionable

流行の
Meaning
Following the latest styles or trends in clothing, behavior, or ideas
Example
She always wears fashionable clothes to every party.
彼女は毎回のパーティーで常にファッショナブルな服を着ています。
C2 verb /bɪˈlaɪ/

belie

偽る
Meaning
To give a false impression of something; to contradict.
Example
His calm face belied his inner anxiety.
彼の落ち着いた顔は彼の内なる不安を偽っていた。
A2 noun /ˈɪm.ɪdʒ/

Image

イメージ; 画像; 形象
Meaning
a representation of the external form of a person or thing in art; a mental picture or impression
Example
The company worked hard to improve its public image after the scandal.
企業はスキャンダル後、公共のイメージを改善するために一生懸命働きました。
B2 verb, adjective /ɪˈlæbəreɪt/ (verb), /ɪˈlæbərət/ (adjective)

elaborate

詳しく説明する / 複雑で詳細なデザイン
Meaning
verb: to explain something in detail; adjective: detailed and complicated in design
Example
She asked him to elaborate on his proposal.
彼女は彼に提案について詳しく説明するように頼んだ。
B2 verb ম্যানিফেস্ট

manifest

現れる
Meaning
To show or demonstrate clearly; to become evident or apparent.
Example
Symptoms of De Quervain's Syndrome may manifest after prolonged phone use.
デ・クエルヴァイン症候群の症状は、長時間の携帯電話使用後に現れることがあります。
A2 adjective /fɪt/

Fit

適切な; 健康な; 良い体調の; 準備ができている
Meaning
suitable; appropriate; healthy; in good physical condition; ready
Example
He is fit and healthy.
彼はフィットで健康です。
B2 noun /ˈmʌtn/

Mutton

羊肉
Meaning
meat from an adult sheep; lamb meat
Example
The restaurant serves delicious mutton curry with rice.
レストランはおいしい羊肉カレーを提供しています。
C2 noun /ˈrɛk.tɪ.tjuːd/

rectitude

誠実
Meaning
Morally correct behavior or thinking; righteousness and integrity.
Example
His rectitude earned him respect in society.
彼の誠実さは社会で尊敬を得た。
C1 noun /ˈnek.səs/

Nexus

接続; 結びつき;
Meaning
a connection or series of connections linking two or more things
Example
There's a clear nexus between education and economic development.
教育と経済発展の間には明確なネクサスがあります。
C1 noun /vʌlˈɡær.ɪ.ti/

Vulgarity

下品さ
Meaning
the quality of being rude, offensive, or indecent; lack of sophistication or good taste
Example
The comedian's jokes were criticized for their vulgarity.
そのコメディアンのジョークは、彼らの下品さのために批判された。
C2 verb /ˈdʒæbər/

jabber

おしゃべりする
Meaning
To talk quickly and excitedly but with little sense.
Example
The children jabbered happily after the show.
子供たちはショーの後に楽しそうにおしゃべりしました。
B1 noun /ˈwɜːrkʃɒp/

workshop

ワークショップ
Meaning
a room or building where people engage in work or creative activities
Example
The workshop focused on improving technical skills for young professionals.
このワークショップは、若い専門職の技術スキル向上に焦点を当てました。
B1 noun /ɪmˈpruːvmənt/

improvement

改善
Meaning
the act of making something better
Example
There has been a significant improvement in his health.
彼の健康には重要な改善がありました。
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛl/

impel

Meaning
to drive, force, or urge someone to do something
Example
Her curiosity impelled her to open the mysterious box.
C2 noun (plural) /ˈlɪniəmənts/

lineaments

顔の特徴
Meaning
The features or distinctive characteristics of the face or body.
Example
The lineaments of his face were sharp and stern.
彼の顔の特徴は鋭くて厳しかった。
C2 verb /əbˈhɔːr/

abhor

嫌悪する
Meaning
to regard with disgust and hatred
Example
She abhors cruelty to animals.
彼女は動物への残酷さを嫌悪しています。
C1 noun /ˈskwɒlər/

squalor

貧困
Meaning
the state of being extremely dirty and unpleasant, especially due to poverty or neglect
Example
They lived in squalor without basic facilities.
彼らは基本的な施設なしで貧困に住んでいました。
C2 noun /ˈdʌlərd/

dullard

愚か者
Meaning
a slow or stupid person
Example
He was considered a dullard by his classmates.
彼はクラスメートによって愚か者だと考えられていた。
B1 noun /ˈwæɡən/

wagon

荷車
Meaning
a vehicle with four wheels used for carrying loads, often pulled by horses or a motor vehicle used for transporting goods or people
Example
The farmer loaded hay onto the wagon.
農夫は干し草をワゴンに積んだ。
C2 noun /ˈfɔːrˌpiːk/

forepeak

船首の部屋
Meaning
The compartment in the forward part of a ship, often used for storage.
Example
The sailors stored extra ropes in the forepeak.
船員たちは余分なロープを船首の部屋に収納しました。
B2 noun /prɪˈkɔː.ʃən/

Precaution

予防措置
Meaning
an action taken in advance to prevent something dangerous or unpleasant from happening
Example
As a precaution, we should bring extra water on the hike.
予防措置として、ハイキングに追加の水を持っていくべきです。
C2 adjective /lɪˈtɪdʒəs/

litigious

訴訟好き
Meaning
prone to engage in lawsuits or overly inclined to argue legally
Example
He is known as a litigious neighbor who often sues people.
彼はしばしば他人を訴える争い好きな隣人として知られています。
C1 noun, verb /ˈfɜːrloʊ/

furlough

一時休職
Meaning
temporary leave of absence from work, especially that granted to an employee or soldier
Example
Many workers were placed on furlough during the crisis.
多くの労働者は危機の間に休職させられました。
B2 adverb /ˈsɛp.ər.ət.li/

separately

別々に
Meaning
in a way that is apart or individually; not together
Example
They decided to travel separately to the conference.
彼らは会議に別々に行くことに決めた。
C2 adjective /ˌhaɪ ˈfloʊn/

high-flown

高飛車な
Meaning
Using fancy or pretentious language; lofty in style but often overblown.
Example
The politician gave a high-flown speech full of promises.
その政治家は約束でいっぱいの高飛車なスピーチをした。
C2 adjective /ɪkˈskɜːsɪv/

excursive

逸脱した
Meaning
Tending to digress or wander; moving away from the main subject.
Example
His excursive lecture left the students confused about the main topic.
彼の逸脱した講義は、学生たちを主題について混乱させました。
C1 adjective /diːˈsɛntrəlaɪzd/

decentralized

分散型
Meaning
Controlled by several local offices or authorities rather than one single one.
Example
The decentralized system allowed for more control at local levels.
分散型システムは、ローカルレベルでのより多くの制御を可能にしました。
B2 noun /ˈpɪlər/

pillar

柱
Meaning
a strong vertical support or mainstay of a structure or system
Example
The ancient temple was supported by massive stone pillars.
古代の寺院は巨大な石の柱によって支えられていました。
B1 noun ˈkæn.dɪ.deɪts

candidates

候補者
Meaning
A person who applies for a job or is nominated for election; someone being considered for a position.
Example
Candidates undergo a rigorous selection process.
候補者は厳格な選考プロセスを経ます。
C2 adjective /ʌnˈælɔɪd/

unalloyed

純粋
Meaning
Pure, complete, and not mixed with anything else.
Example
She felt unalloyed joy at the news of her success.
彼女は成功のニュースを聞いて純粋な喜びを感じた。
C2 adjective /ˈbɪliəs/

bilious

胆汁の
Meaning
Relating to bile or an ill-tempered, irritable disposition.
Example
He became bilious after hearing the unfair criticism.
不公平な批判を聞いた後、彼は怒りっぽくなった。
B2 noun /ˈven.juː/

Venue

会場
Meaning
a place where an event or activity takes place
Example
The wedding venue was beautifully decorated.
結婚式の会場は美しく飾られていました。
A2 verb /hiːt/

heat

加熱する
Meaning
to make or become hot or warm
Example
Please heat the soup before serving.
スープを提供する前に加熱してください。
C1 adjective /ləˈbɔːr.i.əs/

laborious

骨の折れる
Meaning
requiring considerable effort and time; difficult and hard-working
Example
Writing the long report was a laborious task.
長いレポートを書くことは骨の折れる仕事でした。
C1 verb /ˈæbdɪkeɪt/

abdicate

放棄する
Meaning
To give up a position of power or responsibility, especially a throne.
Example
The king decided to abdicate the throne.
王は王位を放棄することに決めました。
B2 noun /liːk/

Leak

漏れ; 穴
Meaning
a hole in a container or covering through which contents escape or enter accidentally
Example
There is a leak in the water pipe.
水道管にリークがあります。
C1 verb /trænˈspaɪər/

transpire

発生する
Meaning
to occur, happen, or become known
Example
It transpired that he had lied about his age.
彼が年齢について嘘をついていたことが明らかになった。
C1 noun ˌprɒf.ɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

profitability

収益性
Meaning
The degree to which a business or activity yields profit or financial gain.
Example
Increasing sales and reducing costs boosted profitability.
販売の増加とコスト削減により収益性が向上しました。
C2 noun /θiˈɒkrəsi/

theocrasy

神権政治
Meaning
Government or rule by religious leaders or clergy.
Example
Theocrasy often merges religious authority with political power.
神権政治はしばしば宗教的権威と政治的権力を融合させます。
C2 noun /ˌiː.tiˈɒ.lə.dʒi/

etiology

病因学
Meaning
the cause or origin of a disease or condition
Example
Doctors are studying the etiology of the new virus.
医師たちは新しいウイルスの病因学を研究しています。
C2 noun (plural, informal) /skædz/

scads

たくさん
Meaning
A large number or quantity of something (informal).
Example
She has scads of friends in the city.
彼女は街にたくさんの友達がいます。
B2 adjective /ˈtaɪə.səm/

Tiresome

疲れる; 退屈な
Meaning
causing weariness or boredom; tedious
Example
The long lecture was tiresome and repetitive.
長い講義は疲れさせ、繰り返しが多かった。
A2 noun /streŋθ/

Strength

力; 力強さ; 体力
Meaning
the quality or state of being physically strong; power or force
Example
Regular exercise helps build muscle strength.
定期的な運動は筋力を高めるのに役立ちます。
A2 adjective /skaɪ bluː/

Sky-blue

空色
Meaning
a bright blue color like that of a clear sky
Example
Her sky-blue eyes sparkled in the sunlight.
彼女の空色の目が太陽の光で輝いていた。
A1 adverb /suːn/

Soon

すぐに
Meaning
in a short time; before long; quickly
Example
The train will arrive soon.
電車はすぐに到着します。
A2 verb /ʃʌt/

shut

閉じる
Meaning
to close something, especially a door or window
Example
Please shut the door before you leave.
出かける前にドアを閉めてください。
A2 adjective/noun /ˈaɪrɪʃ/

irish

幸福
Meaning
relating to Ireland, its people, or its language
Example
The Irish countryside is very beautiful.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠すことができませんでした。
B2 verb /pɪəs/

pierce

貫通する
Meaning
to make a hole through something; to penetrate with a sharp object
Example
The arrow will pierce through the target.
矢はターゲットを貫通します。
B2 noun /prəˈpɔːʃən/

proportion

Meaning
a part, share, or number considered in comparative relation to a whole
Example
The proportion of students passing the exam was high.
C2 noun /ˈnɛtl̩/

nettle

触れると痛みを引き起こす植物
Meaning
a plant with stinging hairs that cause irritation when touched
Example
He accidentally brushed against the nettle and felt a sharp sting.
彼は不注意でイラクサに触れて鋭い痛みを感じた。
C1 noun /plæsˈtɪsəti/

plasticity

可塑性、適応能力
Meaning
the quality of being easily shaped or molded; adaptability
Example
The brain's plasticity allows it to adapt after injury.
脳の可塑性により、怪我の後に適応することができます。
C2 noun /ˈjuːzjuːfrʌkt/

usufruct

使用権
Meaning
The legal right to use and enjoy the benefits of someone else’s property without owning it.
Example
The tenant had the usufruct of the land but not its ownership.
借家人は土地の使用権を持っていたが、所有権はなかった。
C1 noun /rɪˈbʌtəl/

rebuttal

反論
Meaning
a statement or argument made to oppose or disprove another
Example
Her rebuttal was clear and convincing.
彼女の反論は明確で説得力がありました。
A1 noun /miːt/

Meat

肉
Meaning
animal flesh used as food
Example
We bought fresh meat from the butcher shop.
私たちは肉屋から新鮮な肉を買いました。
A2 noun /ˈreɪl.weɪ/

Railway

鉄道
Meaning
a track made of steel rails along which trains run; a system of tracks with trains, stations, and other facilities
Example
The railway connects major cities across the country.
鉄道は国内の主要な都市を結んでいます。
C2 adjective /pərˈsuːənt/

pursuant

に従って
Meaning
in accordance with or following something, especially a law or rule
Example
The decision was made pursuant to the regulations.
その決定は規則に従って行われました。
B2 adjective /ˌɛm.pəˈθɛ.tɪk/

empathetic

共感的
Meaning
Showing ability to understand and share feelings of others.
Example
She was empathetic towards her friend's struggles.
彼女は友人の苦しみに共感的でした。