somnolence
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C2 noun ˈsɒmnələns

somnolence

眠気
Meaning
A state of drowsiness or sleepiness; inclination to sleep.
Example
The somnolence after a heavy meal made it hard to concentrate.
重い食事の後、眠気が集中するのを難しくしました。
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpɛn.ɪ.tənt/

impenitent

後悔しない
Meaning
Not feeling regret or shame about one's actions.
Example
The criminal remained impenitent after the trial.
犯人は裁判後も後悔しないままでした。
C2 adjective fəˈleɪ.ʃəs

fallacious

虚偽の
Meaning
Based on false reasoning or misleading arguments.
Example
His argument was based on fallacious reasoning.
彼の主張は虚偽の理由に基づいていた。
C2 noun /ˈɡɪbən/

gibbon

テナガザル
Meaning
a small to medium-sized tailless ape with long arms, native to the forests of Southeast Asia
Example
The gibbon swung gracefully through the trees using its long arms.
ギボンは長い腕を使って木々の間を優雅に移動した。
C2 noun /ɛnˈkoʊmiəm/

encomium

賛辞
Meaning
A speech or piece of writing that praises someone or something highly.
Example
He delivered an encomium to his retiring teacher.
彼は退職する教師に対して賛辞の演説をしました。
C2 verb /kəˈvɔrt/

cavort

楽しそうに跳ねる
Meaning
to jump or dance around excitedly
Example
The children cavorted happily in the garden.
子供たちは庭で楽しそうに跳ねていました。
C2 noun/verb /ɡraʊs/

grouse

不平を言う / 鳥の一種
Meaning
A type of bird; or to complain or grumble persistently.
Example
He always grouses about the long hours at work.
彼はいつも長時間働くことに不平を言います。
C2 adjective /pɔːrˈtɛntəs/

portentous

前兆的な、重大な
Meaning
Giving a sign or warning that something, often bad or serious, is going to happen; or overly solemn and pompous.
Example
His portentous tone made everyone nervous about the news.
彼の前兆的な口調は、ニュースについて皆を不安にさせた。
C2 adjective /dɪˈkɔːrəs/

decourous

得体な
Meaning
characterized by propriety, good taste, and proper manners
Example
She maintained a decourous silence during the ceremony.
彼女は式典中に得体な沈黙を守った。
C2 noun /əˈkwɪtəns/

acquittance

領収書
Meaning
a written receipt acknowledging payment or discharge of a debt
Example
He demanded an acquittance after paying the loan.
彼はローンを支払った後で、領収書を要求した。
C2 noun /ˈɛksɪdʒənsi/

exigency

緊急の必要性
Meaning
an urgent need or demand requiring immediate attention
Example
In times of war, the exigency of the situation requires quick decisions.
戦争の時、状況の緊急の必要性は迅速な決定を要求する。
C2 noun /pʌntʃ ˈfoʊrən/

Panch Phoron

パンチ・フォロン
Meaning
a Bengali spice blend containing five whole spices: cumin, fennel, fenugreek, nigella, and mustard seeds
Example
The aroma filled the kitchen when she heated panch phoron in oil.
彼女がオイルでパンチ・フォロンを加熱したとき、香りがキッチンを満たしました。
C2 verb /beɪt/

bate

減らす、抑える
Meaning
to lessen or restrain; to diminish the force or intensity of something
Example
He spoke with bated breath as he waited for the result.
彼は結果を待ちながら息を呑んで話した。
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɛɡ.jʊ.mənt/

integument

外皮
Meaning
A natural outer covering, such as skin, shell, or rind.
Example
The snake sheds its integument as it grows.
ヘビは成長するにつれて外皮を脱ぎます。
C2 noun /biˈætɪtjuːd/

beatitude

至高の幸福または祝福、しばしば山上の説教でのイエスの言葉に関連して使用される
Meaning
supreme blessedness or happiness, often used in reference to the sayings of Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount
Example
She felt a state of beatitude after receiving the good news.
良い知らせを受け取った後、彼女は幸福の状態を感じていた。
C2 verb /læmˈbæst/

lambast

厳しく批判する
Meaning
To criticize harshly or to beat severely.
Example
The coach lambasted the team for their poor performance.
コーチはチームのパフォーマンスの悪さを厳しく非難しました。
C2 noun /ˈtælən/

talon

爪
Meaning
A claw, especially one belonging to a bird of prey.
Example
The eagle gripped the fish with its sharp talons.
ワシはその魚を鋭い爪で捕まえた。
C2 noun /ˈnɑːstrəm/

nostrum

効果のない薬
Meaning
a medicine or remedy, especially one that is not considered effective; a questionable solution
Example
The politician’s plan was dismissed as a mere nostrum for a complex problem.
政治家の計画は、複雑な問題に対する単なる効果のない薬として退けられました。
C2 noun /ˈfɒpəri/

foppery

虚飾
Meaning
Foolish or excessive concern with one's appearance or manners; pretentious behavior.
Example
His obsession with fashion was dismissed as mere foppery.
彼のファッションへの執着は単なる虚飾と見なされた。
C2 noun /ˈkælvəri/

calvary

Meaning
A place or experience of intense suffering, originally the site of Jesus’s crucifixion.
Example
For many refugees, the journey across the desert was a calvary.
C2 verb /bɪˈlaɪ/

belie

偽る
Meaning
To give a false impression of something; to contradict.
Example
His calm face belied his inner anxiety.
彼の落ち着いた顔は彼の内なる不安を偽っていた。
C2 noun /ˈrʊkəri/

rookery

鳥の巣
Meaning
a place where rooks or other birds breed and nest in colonies
Example
We saw a rookery full of noisy birds near the forest.
森の近くで、騒がしい鳥たちでいっぱいの鳥の巣を見ました。
C2 adjective /pərˈspɪkjuəs/

perspicuous

明確
Meaning
Clearly expressed and easily understood; lucid.
Example
The teacher gave a perspicuous explanation of the theory.
先生は理論について明確な説明をしました。
C2 adjective /ˈsɜː.kəm.spekt/

circumspect

慎重, 用心深い, 予見的
Meaning
Wary and unwilling to take risks; careful to consider all circumstances and possible consequences.
Example
Investors must be circumspect before making decisions.
投資家は意思決定を下す前に慎重でなければなりません。
C2 verb /ˈsʌpjʊˌreɪt/

suppurate

膿が出る
Meaning
to form or discharge pus, usually as a result of infection
Example
The wound began to suppurate after a few days.
傷口は数日後に膿を出し始めました。
C2 verb /dɪˈræsɪˌneɪt/

deracinate

根こそぎ引き抜く
Meaning
To uproot something completely; to displace people from their native environment or culture.
Example
The conflict deracinated many families from their homeland.
その紛争は多くの家族を故郷から追い出しました。
C2 noun /bəˈθɪm.ə.tri/

bathymetry

水深測定学
Meaning
The measurement of depth of water in oceans, seas, or lakes.
Example
Bathymetry is essential for understanding oceanic topography.
バチメトリーは海洋の地形を理解するために不可欠です。
C2 verb /ˌrɛprɪˈhɛnd/

reprehend

非難する
Meaning
to express disapproval or criticism of someone or something
Example
The teacher reprehended the student for being dishonest.
先生は不正直なことで生徒を叱りました。
C2 noun /kəˈdævər/

cadaver

死体
Meaning
A dead human body, especially one used for medical study.
Example
Medical students dissected the cadaver to learn about human anatomy.
医学生は死体を解剖して人間の解剖学を学びました。
C2 adjective /ˈæpəˌleɪt/

appellate

控訴に関連する
Meaning
relating to appeals in a court of law
Example
The case was taken to an appellate court.
その事件は控訴裁判所に持ち込まれました。
C2 noun /ˌbluː ˈblʌd/

Blue-blood

ブルーブラッド
Meaning
a person of noble birth; aristocrat
Example
She came from a family of blue-bloods with centuries of royal heritage.
彼女は数世代にわたる王室の遺産を持つブルーブラッドの家族から来ました。
C2 adjective /ˌɪnfɪnɪˈtɛsɪməl/

infinitesimal

微細な
Meaning
Extremely small in size or amount; so tiny as to be almost negligible.
Example
The error was so infinitesimal that it didn’t affect the results.
そのエラーは非常に微細で、結果に影響を与えることはありませんでした。
C2 noun /ˈmɛtəl/

mettle

勇気
Meaning
A person's ability to cope well with difficulties or to face demanding situations with courage.
Example
The young athlete showed his mettle in the final match.
その若いアスリートは決勝戦で勇気を示しました。
C2 noun /ˈfɔɪbəl/

foible

小さな弱点
Meaning
A minor weakness or eccentricity in someone's character.
Example
She loved him despite his little foibles.
彼女は彼の小さな弱点を気にせずに彼を愛していた。
C2 adjective /ˈɑːsɪˌfaɪd/

ossified

骨に変わった、硬直した
Meaning
Turned into bone or become rigid; unwilling to change.
Example
The company had an ossified management structure that resisted innovation.
その会社は、革新に抵抗する硬直した管理構造を持っていました。
C2 noun /mɪˌsɛdʒəˈneɪʃən/

miscegenation

人種間結婚
Meaning
the interbreeding of people considered to be of different racial types
Example
The law once prohibited miscegenation in many countries.
その法律は多くの国で人種間結婚を禁じていました。
C2 noun /ˈkeɪsiːn/

Casein

カゼイン
Meaning
the main protein found in milk and cheese, used in food production and supplements
Example
Casein protein powder is popular among athletes for muscle recovery.
カゼインプロテインパウダーは、アスリートにとって筋肉の回復に人気があります。
C2 adjective /eɪˈsɛptɪk/

aseptic

無菌
Meaning
Free from contamination caused by harmful microorganisms; sterile.
Example
Surgeons must work in an aseptic environment to prevent infection.
外科医は感染を防ぐために無菌環境で作業しなければならない。
C2 adjective /ˈsɪmiən/

simian

類人猿の
Meaning
Relating to, resembling, or affecting apes or monkeys.
Example
The scientist studied the simian behavior of the chimpanzees.
科学者はチンパンジーの類人猿の行動を研究した。
C2 adjective /ˈɒf.biːt/

offbeat

風変わり
Meaning
Unusual, unconventional, or different from the norm.
Example
She has a very offbeat sense of humor.
彼女はとても風変わりなユーモアを持っています。
C2 verb /ænˈtɪpəθaɪz/

antipathize

反感
Meaning
to feel or express a strong dislike or aversion toward something or someone
Example
He seemed to antipathize with the new management's approach.
彼は新しい経営陣のアプローチに反感を示しているようだった。
C2 noun /dɪˈpoʊnənt/

deponent

証人
Meaning
A person who gives testimony under oath, especially in a written deposition.
Example
The deponent confirmed the accuracy of the statement during the trial.
証人は裁判中に証言の正確性を確認しました。
C2 verb /skʌlk/

skulk

Meaning
to move or hide secretly, often because you are planning something bad or are feeling guilty
Example
He tried to skulk in the shadows to avoid being seen.
C2 adjective /ˈsiːkwənt/

sequent

次の
Meaning
Following in order or as a result.
Example
The sequent events changed the course of history.
次の出来事は歴史の流れを変えました。
C2 noun /noʊl koʊl/

Knol khol

カリフラワー
Meaning
round bulbous vegetable from cabbage family with pale green color and mild taste
Example
Knol khol can be eaten raw in salads or cooked in curries.
カリフラワーはサラダで生で食べることも、カレーにしても美味しいです。
C2 adjective /ˈpɒndərəbl/

ponderable

考慮できる, 思案可能
Meaning
able to be considered or thought about
Example
The evidence was substantial and ponderable.
証拠は重要であり、思案可能でした。
C2 noun /ɡlʌt/

glut

供給過剰
Meaning
An excessive supply of something; more than is needed.
Example
There was a glut of cheap smartphones in the market.
市場には安価なスマートフォンの供給過剰がありました。
C2 noun /ˈkænə/

Canna

カンナ
Meaning
a tropical flowering plant with large, colorful flowers and broad leaves
Example
The bright orange canna lilies grew tall beside the pond.
明るいオレンジ色のカンナリリーが池の横に高く成長しました。
C2 adjective /ˈfɔːnɪŋ/

fawning

過度のほめ言葉
Meaning
displaying exaggerated flattery or affection
Example
Her fawning compliments made everyone uncomfortable.
彼女の過度のほめ言葉は、皆を不快にさせました。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈkɒŋɡruənt/

incongruent

不一致な
Meaning
Not in harmony or keeping with the surroundings or other aspects.
Example
His casual outfit looked incongruent at the formal dinner.
彼のカジュアルな服装は正式なディナーで不一致に見えた。
C2 noun /ˈpjuː.pɪ.lɪdʒ/

pupilage

生徒の状態
Meaning
The state of being a pupil or under instruction.
Example
During his pupilage, he studied law under a senior barrister.
彼の生徒の状態の間に、彼は上級弁護士のもとで法学を学びました。
C2 noun /ˌfɑːrməkəˈpiːə/

pharmacopoeia

薬典
Meaning
An official book listing medicinal drugs, their effects, and directions for use.
Example
The doctor referred to the pharmacopoeia to check the drug's proper dosage.
医師は薬典を参照して、薬の適切な用量を確認しました。
C2 verb /ˌpriːɔːrˈdeɪn/

preordain

前もって決める
Meaning
To decide or determine an outcome in advance, especially by fate or divine will.
Example
They believed their meeting was preordained by destiny.
彼らは自分たちの出会いが運命によって前もって決められていると信じていた。
C2 noun /ˈdʌblɪt/

doublet

ダブレット / タイトジャケット
Meaning
a close-fitting jacket worn by men in the Renaissance; also, a pair of similar things
Example
The actor wore a velvet doublet for the Shakespearean play.
俳優はシェイクスピア劇のためにベルベットのダブレットを着ました。
C2 noun /ˈlɪbərˌtiːn/

libertine

Meaning
A person who behaves without moral principles, especially in sexual matters.
Example
The novel depicted the reckless life of a libertine in 18th century France.
C2 adjective /ˌsɪkəˈfæntɪk/

sycophantic

お世辞
Meaning
Behaving in a way that is excessively obedient or servile to gain favor.
Example
His sycophantic behavior annoyed his colleagues.
彼のお世辞な振る舞いは同僚をうんざりさせた。
C2 adjective /ˈbuːtləs/

bootless

無駄な
Meaning
Useless or futile; of no benefit.
Example
His bootless attempt to fix the machine only wasted time.
機械を修理する彼の無駄な試みは時間を無駄にしただけだった。
C2 adjective /ˌæktʃuˈɛəriəl/

actuarial

アクチュアリール
Meaning
Relating to actuaries or their work of analyzing financial risk and uncertainty, especially in insurance and pensions.
Example
The company relied on actuarial reports to set insurance premiums.
その会社は保険料を設定するためにアクチュアリール報告書に依存していた。
C2 noun /ræpˈskæliən/

rapscallion

いたずら好きな人
Meaning
A mischievous or cheeky person; a rascal.
Example
The little rapscallion hid his brother’s shoes as a prank.
小さなラプスカリオンは兄の靴をいたずらで隠した。
C2 adjective /æmˈbroʊʒiəl/

ambrosial

神々しい
Meaning
Exceptionally pleasing to taste or smell; divine.
Example
The aroma of freshly baked bread was simply ambrosial.
焼きたてのパンの香りはまさに神々しいものでした。
C2 noun /ˈbɑːrtərər/

barterer

物々交換者
Meaning
A person who trades goods or services without using money.
Example
The barterer exchanged fruits for some pottery.
物々交換者は果物を陶器と交換しました。
C2 adjective /dɪˈfjuːzəbl/

diffusible

拡散可能な
Meaning
able to spread or be spread through a medium
Example
Oxygen is diffusible through cell membranes.
酸素は細胞膜を通じて拡散することができます。
C2 noun /əˈkriːʃən/

accretion

蓄積
Meaning
The process of growth or increase, typically by the gradual accumulation of additional layers or matter.
Example
The accretion of wealth allowed him to invest in various projects.
財産の蓄積により、彼はさまざまなプロジェクトへの投資を可能にした。
C2 adjective /ˈmɒn.teɪn/

montane

山岳地帯に関連する; 山岳環境に見られる
Meaning
Relating to mountainous regions; found in mountain environments.
Example
Montane forests host a variety of unique species.
山岳林はユニークな種の多様性を持っています。
C2 adjective /ˈpɪd.lɪŋ/

Piddling

些細な; 取るに足らない; 少額
Meaning
trivial; insignificant; small in amount
Example
He was annoyed by the piddling amount of money he received.
彼は受け取った些細な金額に腹を立てていた。
C2 adjective /loʊˈkweɪʃəs/

loquacious

おしゃべりな
Meaning
tending to talk a great deal; very talkative
Example
The loquacious child entertained everyone with endless stories.
おしゃべりな子供は、終わりのない物語で皆を楽しませた。
C2 noun /kərˈmʌdʒən/

curmudgeon

むっつりした老人
Meaning
a bad-tempered, cranky, or irritable person, usually old
Example
The old curmudgeon complained about everything in the neighborhood.
その年老いたむっつりした老人は近所のすべてに文句を言っていた。
C2 noun /niːˈɒkrəsi/

neocracy

未熟なまたは新しい官僚によって運営される政府
Meaning
A government or leadership run by inexperienced or new officials.
Example
The sudden revolution led to a neocracy with inexperienced leaders.
突然の革命は未経験のリーダーたちによるネオクラシーを生み出した。
C2 adjective /ˈleɪ.baɪl/ or /ˈlæb.aɪl/

labile

不安定な
Meaning
easily altered or unstable; prone to change
Example
Her mood was so labile that it changed several times in an hour.
彼女の気分は非常に不安定で、1時間で何度も変わりました。
C2 verb /ɪkˈspʌndʒ/

expunge

削除
Meaning
To erase or remove completely, often something unwanted.
Example
He managed to expunge the embarrassing memory from his mind.
彼は恥ずかしい記憶を心から消し去ることに成功しました。
C2 verb /ɛmˈbleɪzən/

emblazon

目立つ方法で飾る
Meaning
To decorate or display something in a noticeable or impressive way.
Example
The team's logo was emblazoned on their uniforms.
チームのロゴは彼らのユニフォームに鮮明に表示されていました。
C2 adjective /ˌsɒfəˈmɒrɪk/

sophomoric

未熟
Meaning
showing immaturity and overconfidence, like a sophomore
Example
His sophomoric behavior embarrassed his friends.
彼の未熟な行動は友人たちを恥ずかしい思いにさせた。
C2 noun /ˈpjuːdʒɪlɪzəm/

pugilism

ボクシング
Meaning
The practice or sport of boxing.
Example
He studied the art of pugilism in his youth.
彼は若い頃、ボクシングの技術を学びました。
C2 noun /ˈfriːˌbuːtər/

freebooter

海賊
Meaning
A pirate or plunderer who roams freely in search of wealth.
Example
The freebooter raided the merchant ships along the coast.
海賊は沿岸の商船を襲った。
C2 verb /vɔːnt/

vaunt

Meaning
to boast or brag about something, especially in an excessive way
Example
He would often vaunt his achievements in front of his colleagues.
C2 noun /ˈhæknɪ/

hackney

貸し馬, 陳腐な
Meaning
a horse kept for ordinary riding or hire; also used for something overused or trite
Example
The old hackney was still pulling the carriage.
その古い貸し馬は今でも馬車を引いていた。
C2 noun /ˈɛkwɪpɔɪz/

equipoise

均衡
Meaning
A state of balance or equilibrium.
Example
Her calmness created an equipoise in the heated debate.
彼女の落ち着きは熱い議論の中で均衡を作り出しました。
C2 adverb /ɪnˈdjuːbɪtəbli/

indubitably

疑いなく
Meaning
Without a doubt; certainly.
Example
She is indubitably the best candidate for the job.
彼女は疑いなくその仕事の最良の候補者です。
C2 noun /ˌmɛɡələˈmeɪniə/

megalomania

権力、富、または全能の幻想
Meaning
A condition characterized by delusional fantasies of power, wealth, or omnipotence.
Example
The dictator’s megalomania led him to believe he was invincible.
独裁者のメガロマニアは彼に自分が無敵だと信じさせました。
C2 noun /breɪ/

brae

斜面
Meaning
A hillside or slope, especially in Scotland.
Example
They climbed up the grassy brae to see the sunset.
彼らは草に覆われた斜面を登って夕日を見ました。
C2 verb /ɪˈmɛnd/

emend

訂正する
Meaning
to correct or revise a text, especially for errors
Example
The editor emended the manuscript before publication.
編集者は公開前に原稿を訂正しました。
C2 noun /ˈreɪmənt/

raiment

衣服
Meaning
clothing, especially fine or formal wear
Example
The king wore royal raiment during the ceremony.
王は儀式の間、王族の衣服を着ていた。
C2 noun /rɪˈfrækʃən/

refraction

屈折
Meaning
The bending of light, sound, or other waves when they pass from one medium to another of different density.
Example
The refraction of light in water makes objects appear bent.
水中の光の屈折により、物体が曲がって見えます。
C2 noun /ˈsɜːrtɪˌtjuːd/

certitude

確信
Meaning
Absolute certainty or conviction about something.
Example
She spoke with certitude about the outcome of the case.
彼女は事件の結果について確信を持って話しました。
C2 noun /ˈmæn.li.nəs/

manliness

男らしさ
Meaning
The quality of being manly; courage, strength, and honor associated with men.
Example
His manliness was admired by his peers.
彼の男らしさは仲間たちに賞賛された。
C2 verb /ˈblændɪʃ/

blandish

お世辞を言う
Meaning
to flatter or coax someone with kind words or praise in order to influence them
Example
He blandished the officials with compliments to gain their support.
彼は支持を得るために役人にお世辞を言った。
C2 adjective /ˈtrɛntʃənt/

trenchant

鋭い
Meaning
expressed strongly, effectively, and clearly; sharp or cutting in style or expression
Example
Her trenchant criticism of the policy left no room for misunderstanding.
彼女の鋭い政策批判は誤解の余地を残しませんでした。
C2 verb /proʊˈskraɪb/

proscribe

禁止する
Meaning
to forbid something by law or authority
Example
The new law will proscribe the use of harmful chemicals in farming.
新しい法律は農業で有害な化学物質の使用を禁止します。
C2 verb /dɪsˈbɜːrs/

disburse

分配する
Meaning
to pay out money, especially from a fund
Example
The organization will disburse the funds to the affected families.
その団体は影響を受けた家族に資金を分配します。
C2 verb /bɪˈtəʊkən/

betoken

示唆する
Meaning
to be a sign or indication of something
Example
Dark clouds betoken an approaching storm.
暗い雲は迫り来る嵐を示唆している。
C2 noun /ˈdɪfɪdəns/

diffidence

自信の欠如
Meaning
Lack of self-confidence; shyness or modesty.
Example
Her diffidence made it hard for her to speak in public.
彼女の自信の欠如は、公衆の前で話すのを難しくした。
C2 verb /ˈkʌzən/

cozen

だます, 騙す
Meaning
to deceive, cheat, or trick someone
Example
He cozened the old man out of his money.
彼は老人をだましてお金を取った。
C2 noun /ˌkʌl.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/

culpability

有罪
Meaning
responsibility for a fault or wrong; blameworthiness
Example
The jury considered his level of culpability in the crime.
陪審員はその犯罪における彼の有罪の程度を考慮しました。
C2 noun /ˈbreɪziər/

Brazier

真鍮職人
Meaning
a worker in brass; a portable container for burning charcoal or coal
Example
The brazier crafted beautiful brass ornaments.
その真鍮職人は美しい真鍮の装飾品を作りました。
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkɔːrˈpɔːriəl/

incorporeal

無形
Meaning
lacking a physical body; not composed of matter; intangible
Example
Ghosts are often described as incorporeal beings.
ゴーストはしばしば無形の存在として描かれます。
C2 noun /ˈlʊŋ.gi/

Lungi

ルンギ
Meaning
a traditional garment worn around the waist in South Asia
Example
He wore a comfortable lungi while relaxing at home.
彼は家でくつろいでいるときに快適なルンギを着ていました。
C2 verb /kənˈtɛm/

contemn

軽蔑する
Meaning
to treat or regard with disdain, scorn, or contempt
Example
He would never contemn honest work, no matter how humble.
彼はどんなに謙虚でも正直な仕事を軽蔑しない。
C2 adjective /rɪˈflɛktɪbəl/

reflectible

反射可能
Meaning
capable of being reflected, as light or an image
Example
The surface of the lake is highly reflectible in the morning sun.
湖の表面は朝の太陽の下で非常に反射可能です。
C2 noun ˌæɡ.roʊ.iˈkɒl.ə.dʒi

agroecology

アグロエコロジー
Meaning
A scientific discipline that studies agricultural systems by applying ecological concepts and principles.
Example
Agroecology promotes eco-friendly farming.
アグロエコロジーは環境に優しい農業を促進します。
C2 verb /voʊˈsɪfəˌreɪt/

vociferate

大声で抗議する
Meaning
to shout, complain, or argue loudly or vehemently
Example
The protesters vociferated against the unfair law.
抗議者たちは不公平な法律に反対して声高に叫んだ。
C2 noun /ˈpɔl.zi/

Palsy

麻痺
Meaning
paralysis, especially that which is accompanied by involuntary tremors; loss of muscle control
Example
The elderly man suffered from palsy in his hands.
その高齢者は手の震えによる麻痺に苦しんでいました。
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkænˈdɛsənt/

incandescent

白熱
Meaning
emitting light as a result of being heated; extremely bright or passionate
Example
The incandescent lamp lit up the entire hall.
白熱灯はホール全体を照らしました。
C2 noun /hɪˈdʒɛməni/ or /ˈhɛdʒəmoʊni/

hegemony

覇権
Meaning
leadership or dominance, especially by one state or group over others
Example
The empire maintained its hegemony over neighboring states.
帝国は隣国に対してその覇権を維持した。
C2 adjective /ˈlaʊtɪʃ/

loutish

無礼な
Meaning
Clumsy, rude, or aggressive in behavior.
Example
His loutish remarks offended everyone at the meeting.
彼の無礼な発言は会議で皆を怒らせた。
C2 noun /ˌræʃioʊsɪˈneɪʃən/

ratiocination

推論
Meaning
the process of reasoning or logical thinking
Example
His ratiocination impressed the judges during the debate.
彼の推論は討論中に審査員を感動させた。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɪpiənt/

incipient

初期の
Meaning
in an initial stage; beginning to develop
Example
The incipient storm made the sky turn dark and heavy.
初期の嵐が空を暗く重くさせた。
C2 noun /wɛlp/

whelp

子犬
Meaning
a young offspring of a dog or other carnivorous mammal; sometimes used to mean an impudent young person
Example
The farmer found a wolf whelp hiding near the barn.
農夫は小屋の近くで隠れている狼の子犬を見つけました。
C2 adjective /trænzˈæl.paɪn/

transalpine

アルプスを越えて
Meaning
situated beyond or across the Alps, especially from the viewpoint of Italy
Example
The Romans referred to France as Transalpine Gaul.
ローマ人はフランスをトランザルピン・ガリアと呼んでいました。
C2 noun /ˈbloʊˌhɑrd/

blowhard

自慢話をする人
Meaning
a person who brags a lot or talks in a boastful way
Example
Everyone avoided the blowhard at the party because he wouldn't stop bragging.
パーティーでみんなはその自慢話をする人を避けた。なぜなら、彼は自慢を止めなかったから。
C2 noun /ˈkɒnsəvəˌtwɑː/

conservatoire

音楽院
Meaning
A school specializing in the study of music or drama.
Example
She trained as a pianist at the Paris Conservatoire.
彼女はパリの音楽院でピアニストとして訓練を受けました。
C2 adjective /ˈlɪmpɪd/

limpid

澄んだ
Meaning
Clear and transparent, easily understood.
Example
The limpid water of the lake reflected the sky perfectly.
湖の澄んだ水は完璧に空を反映していました。
C2 noun /ˈwɔːrˌmʌŋɡər/

warmonger

戦争煽動者
Meaning
A person who advocates or promotes war or conflict.
Example
The leader was criticized as a warmonger by his opponents.
そのリーダーは、対立者から戦争煽動者として批判された。
C2 noun /ˌæk.wiˈes.əns/

acquiescence

黙示的同意
Meaning
The reluctant acceptance of something without protest.
Example
His silent acquiescence to unfair rules was surprising.
不公平なルールへの彼の黙示的な同意は驚くべきものでした。
C2 noun /ˈsɒfɪst/

sophist

詭弁家
Meaning
a person who uses clever but misleading arguments
Example
He was dismissed as a sophist who twisted facts to win debates.
彼は討論に勝つために事実を歪める詭弁家として解雇されました。
C2 adjective /sɪˈlæbɪk/

syllabic

音節の
Meaning
Relating to or based on syllables.
Example
The teacher explained the syllabic structure of the word.
先生はその言葉の音節構造を説明しました。
C2 noun /sneɪk ɡɔːrd/

Snake gourd

ヘビウリ
Meaning
a long, curved vegetable that resembles a snake, commonly used in South Asian cuisine
Example
The snake gourd grows in a twisted, serpentine shape in the garden.
ヘビウリは庭で蛇のような形に曲がりながら育ちます。
C2 noun /ˈklɔɪstər/

cloister

回廊
Meaning
a covered walk in a convent, monastery, or cathedral, typically with a wall on one side and a colonnade open to a quadrangle on the other.
Example
The monks walked silently through the cloister.
修道士たちは静かに回廊を歩いていた。
C2 noun /ˈkærəm/

Carom

キャラウェイ
Meaning
aromatic seeds of a plant used as a spice, especially in Indian cooking
Example
Carom seeds are often used in traditional Indian bread recipes.
キャラウェイの種は、伝統的なインディアンのパンのレシピでよく使われます。
C2 verb /ˈfrɪtər/

fritter

浪費する
Meaning
To waste time, money, or energy on trivial matters.
Example
He frittered away his savings on unnecessary gadgets.
彼は無駄にお金を浪費しました。
C2 adjective /ˈrɪz.ə.bəl/

risible

滑稽な
Meaning
so absurd or ridiculous that it deserves to be laughed at
Example
The idea of flying pigs is completely risible.
飛ぶ豚のアイデアは完全に滑稽です。
C2 adjective /kəˈrʌp.tə.bəl/

corruptible

腐敗しやすい
Meaning
able to be morally or ethically corrupted
Example
He was known to be corruptible and often accepted bribes.
彼は腐敗しやすいことで知られ、しばしば賄賂を受け取った。