skirmish
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C1 noun/verb /ˈskɜːrmɪʃ/

skirmish

Meaning
a small or brief fight between groups of soldiers; to engage in such a fight
Example
The soldiers got into a skirmish near the border.
B2 noun ˈsoʊʃəl rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti

social responsibility

社会的責任
Meaning
The duty to act in ways that benefit society as a whole.
Example
Social responsibility should be part of the education curriculum.
社会的責任は教育課程の一部であるべきです。
C1 adjective /səkˈsɪŋkt/

succinct

簡潔
Meaning
Briefly and clearly expressed; characterized by clear, precise expression in few words.
Example
His speech was succinct and impactful.
彼のスピーチは簡潔で印象的でした。
C1 noun /ˈstætʃuːt/

statute

法律
Meaning
A written law passed by a legislative body.
Example
The new statute protects workers' rights.
新しい法律は労働者の権利を保護します。
B2 noun /səˈspɛnʃən/

suspension

停止
Meaning
The act of temporarily stopping something; also refers to a system in vehicles that absorbs shock.
Example
The player received a three-game suspension for misconduct.
その選手は不正行為のために3試合の停止処分を受けました。
B1 noun /saɪt/

site

場所
Meaning
a location or place, often used for a specific purpose, such as a construction site or a website
Example
The construction site is ready for the next phase of the project.
建設現場は次のプロジェクトの段階に進む準備ができています。
B2 noun /ˈʃuːtɪŋ/

shooting

撮影
Meaning
the action of shooting a gun, camera, or similar device
Example
The shooting of the movie took several months.
映画の撮影は数ヶ月かかりました。
C1 verb /ʃʌnt/

shunt

切り替える
Meaning
to move or turn aside; to push or divert from one track to another
Example
The train was shunted onto a different track.
列車は別の線路に切り替えられました。
B2 adjective /ˈsɛksi/

sexy

セクシー
Meaning
sexually attractive or exciting
Example
She wore a sexy red dress to the party.
彼女はパーティーでセクシーな赤いドレスを着ていました。
C1 adjective /ˈseɪ.vər.i/

savory

風味のある（塩辛いまたは辛い）
Meaning
Having a pleasant salty or spicy taste; morally acceptable.
Example
The restaurant serves a variety of savory dishes.
そのレストランはさまざまな風味のある料理を提供しています。
C1 noun /ˈstɛnsəl/

stencil

型抜き
Meaning
A thin sheet of material with a design cut out, used to produce the design on the surface below by applying paint or ink through the cut-out holes.
Example
The artist used a stencil to paint identical stars on the wall.
アーティストは壁に同じ星を描くために型抜きを使用しました。
C1 noun /ˈstəʊ.ɪ.sɪ.zəm/

stoicism

ストイック主義
Meaning
The endurance of pain or hardship without the display of feelings and without complaint.
Example
His stoicism during hardship was admirable.
困難な時に彼のストイック主義は賞賛に値した。
C1 adjective /ˈseɪlaɪn/

Saline

塩水の; 塩分のある
Meaning
containing salt; salty; relating to salt water
Example
The saline solution is used for medical treatments.
塩水溶液は医療処置に使用されます。
C2 adjective /ˈsætərˌnaɪn/

saturnine

陰気な
Meaning
slow and gloomy in mood
Example
His saturnine expression made everyone in the room uncomfortable.
彼の陰気な表情は部屋の中の誰もが不快に感じさせた。
C1 noun /sɔːd fɪʃ/

Sword fish

メカジキ
Meaning
A large marine fish with an elongated bill resembling a sword
Example
The swordfish can swim at speeds up to 60 mph.
メカジキは時速60マイルで泳ぐことができます。
B2 adjective /ˈstæt.ɪk/

static

静的
Meaning
Lacking in movement, action, or change; stationary.
Example
Static ideas hinder progress.
静的な考えは進展を妨げる。
C1 noun /ˈstɛə.rɪ.əʊˌtaɪ.pɪŋ/

stereotyping

ステレオタイプ
Meaning
A widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.
Example
Stereotyping people based on their race is harmful.
人種に基づいたステレオタイプは有害です。
A2 adverb /ˈsʌd.ən.li/

Suddenly

突然
Meaning
quickly and without warning; unexpectedly
Example
The car suddenly stopped in the middle of the road.
車は突然道路の真ん中で止まりました。
C2 verb /ˈsnʌfəl/

snuffle

鼻で音を立てて息をする
Meaning
to breathe noisily through the nose, often because of crying or a cold
Example
The child began to snuffle after crying for a long time.
子供は長時間泣いた後に鼻で音を立てて息をし始めました。
C1 noun /sɪˈkluːʒən/

seclusion

隠遁
Meaning
The state of being private, away from other people.
Example
She spent the weekend in complete seclusion in her cabin.
彼女はキャビンで完全に隠遁した週末を過ごしました。
B1 noun /ˈsmoʊkər/

smoker

喫煙者
Meaning
A person who smokes tobacco or other substances
Example
He is a heavy smoker and tries to quit every year.
彼は喫煙者で、毎年禁煙しようとしています。
B2 verb /ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/

simplify

簡単にする
Meaning
to make easier to understand or do; to reduce complexity
Example
The teacher simplified the complex equation for the students.
教師は生徒のために複雑な方程式を簡単にしました。
C1 noun səˈsteɪnəbəl ænd kəˈlæbərətɪv əˈproʊtʃ

sustainable and collaborative approach

持続可能で協力的なアプローチ
Meaning
A method of working together that can be maintained over time without depleting resources or causing harm.
Example
A sustainable and collaborative approach is crucial for solving environmental problems.
環境問題を解決するためには、持続可能で協力的なアプローチが不可欠です。
B1 noun /ʃɑːrk/

Shark

サメ
Meaning
a large marine fish with sharp teeth and a cartilaginous skeleton
Example
The shark is a powerful predator of the ocean.
サメは海の強力な捕食者です。
A1 adjective /ˈsɪmpəl/

Simple

簡単な; シンプル; 複雑でない
Meaning
easy to understand or do; not complicated
Example
This is a simple recipe that anyone can follow.
これは誰でもフォローできる簡単なレシピです。
B2 noun ˈsəʊ.lər ˈen.ə.dʒi

solar energy

太陽光エネルギー
Meaning
Energy from the sun that is converted into thermal or electrical energy.
Example
Solar energy is vital for reducing carbon emissions.
太陽光エネルギーは炭素排出量を削減するためには不可欠です。
B2 verb /ˈstɑːrtl/

startle

驚かせる
Meaning
To surprise or frighten someone suddenly.
Example
The loud noise startled the children.
大きな音が子供たちを驚かせた。
A2 noun /ʃiːp/

sheep

羊
Meaning
a farm animal with thick wool that is raised for its wool, meat, and milk
Example
The farmer keeps a large flock of sheep.
農夫は大きな羊の群れを飼っています。
B1 adjective /sɪnˈsɪər/

Sincere

誠実な; 本物の; 見せかけのない
Meaning
honest and genuine in expressing feelings; free from pretense or deceit
Example
She gave me a sincere apology for her mistake.
彼女は自分のミスについて誠実に謝罪した。
A2 verb /stɪk/

stick

くっつく
Meaning
to adhere or attach something to a surface
Example
The glue will stick to the paper.
グルーは紙にくっつくでしょう。
C1 verb /sɪˈkluːd/

seclude

隔離する
Meaning
To keep someone away from other people; to isolate.
Example
The monk chose to seclude himself in the mountains.
修道士は山で自分を孤立させることを選びました。
B1 noun /ʃeɪm/

Shame

恥
Meaning
a painful feeling of humiliation or distress; something regrettable
Example
He felt deep shame for his dishonest behavior at work.
彼は仕事での不誠実な行動に深い恥を感じた。
C1 noun /ˈskæf.əld/

Scaffold

足場
Meaning
a temporary structure used by workers to stand on when building or repairing something high; a platform for execution
Example
The workers erected a scaffold to paint the building's exterior.
作業員たちは建物の外壁を塗装するために足場を設置しました。
B1 verb /siːl/

seal

封印する、閉じる
Meaning
to close or secure something tightly or officially confirm something
Example
He sealed the envelope before sending the letter.
彼は手紙を送る前に封筒をシールしました。
C1 verb /skwiːl/

squeal

叫ぶ
Meaning
to make a high-pitched cry; to inform on someone
Example
The children squealed with delight when they saw the surprise.
子供たちはサプライズを見て喜んで叫びました。
B2 adverb /ˈsɛp.ər.ət.li/

separately

別々に
Meaning
in a way that is apart or individually; not together
Example
They decided to travel separately to the conference.
彼らは会議に別々に行くことに決めた。
C2 noun /ˈspɒt.ɪd sneɪk hed/

Spotted snake head

カムルチー
Meaning
a type of freshwater fish with spotted markings and an elongated head resembling a snake
Example
The spotted snake head is a popular fish for aquaculture in South Asia.
カムルチーは南アジアで人気のある養殖魚です。
B2 noun /suː.pɪər.iˈɔːr.ə.ti/

Superiority

優越性
Meaning
the quality or state of being superior; higher rank or quality
Example
His superiority in mathematics was evident from his test scores.
数学における彼の優越性は、彼のテストのスコアから明らかだった。
B2 adjective /ˈslɪp.ər.i/

Slippery

滑りやすい
Meaning
smooth and difficult to hold; causing sliding or slipping
Example
The wet floor was very slippery after cleaning.
清掃後、濡れた床はとても滑りやすかった。
C2 noun /ˈsaɪnɪkjʊər/

sinecure

楽な仕事
Meaning
a position requiring little or no work but giving financial benefit or status
Example
He was given a sinecure at the university as a reward for his loyalty.
彼は大学で忠誠心の報酬として楽な仕事を与えられました。
B2 noun /sloʊp/

Slope

坂; 傾斜地
Meaning
an inclined surface; a piece of ground that is not level
Example
We walked up the steep slope of the mountain.
私たちは山の急な坂を登りました。
B2 adjective /ˈsteɪʃəˌneri/

stationary

静止
Meaning
Not moving or not intended to be moved.
Example
The car remained stationary at the red light.
車は赤信号で静止したままでした。
B2 noun /ˈsɜːdʒən/

surgeon

外科医
Meaning
a doctor who performs medical operations
Example
The surgeon performed a complex heart operation.
外科医は複雑な心臓手術を行いました。
B2 noun /ˈskʌlp.tər/

Sculptor

彫刻家
Meaning
an artist who creates sculptures by carving, modeling, or shaping materials
Example
The sculptor spent months creating a beautiful marble statue.
彫刻家は美しい大理石の彫像を作るのに数ヶ月を費やしました。
A1 adjective /seɪm/

same

同じ
Meaning
identical; not different or changed
Example
We wore the same dress at the party.
私たちはパーティーで同じドレスを着ていました。
C2 adjective /ˌsuː.pər.ɪˈrɑː.ɡə.tɔːr.i/

supererogatory

過剰
Meaning
Going beyond what is required or expected; more than necessary.
Example
His donation was supererogatory, far beyond what anyone had asked for.
彼の寄付は過剰で、誰もが求めていた以上のものでした。
B1 verb /ʃaʊt/

shout

叫ぶ
Meaning
to say something very loudly
Example
He shouted at the top of his lungs to get their attention.
彼は彼らの注意を引くために全力で叫んだ。
C1 adjective /ˈskræpi/

scrappy

戦闘的 / 散らかった
Meaning
Determined and willing to fight or argue; also messy or disorganized.
Example
Despite being small, he was a scrappy fighter.
小さくても、彼は戦闘的な戦士でした。
B2 noun /ˌstɪm.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/

stimulation

刺激
Meaning
The action of arousing interest, enthusiasm, or excitement.
Example
Stimulation reduces stress and aids relaxation.
刺激はストレスを減らし、リラックスを助けます。
B2 verb /slæm/

slam

強く閉める
Meaning
to close or hit something with great force
Example
He slammed the door angrily after the argument.
彼は議論の後に怒ってドアを叩きつけた。
C1 adjective /ˈspaɪn.ləs/

Spineless

勇気がない; 意志が弱い; 臆病
Meaning
lacking courage or determination; weak-willed
Example
He was too spineless to stand up for his beliefs.
彼は自分の信念を貫くには、あまりにも臆病すぎた。
A1 pronoun /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

something

何か
Meaning
an unspecified or unknown thing
Example
I think something is wrong with my phone.
私の電話に何か問題があると思う。
A2 noun /ˈsɪriz/

Series

シリーズ
Meaning
a number of events, objects, or people of a similar or related kind coming one after another; a set of related television or radio programmes
Example
The detective series ran for five successful seasons.
その探偵シリーズは5シーズンにわたり放送され、成功を収めた。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌl.ki/

Sulky

不機嫌で無口; 気分屋
Meaning
bad-tempered and sullen; moody
Example
The child became sulky when he couldn't get his favorite toy.
その子供はお気に入りのおもちゃが手に入らなかったとき、不機嫌になった。
C1 verb /smɪr/

smear

塗る / 中傷する
Meaning
to spread or apply a substance messily; to damage someone's reputation with false or unfair words
Example
The child smeared paint across the wall.
子供が壁にペンキを塗った。
C2 noun /ˈʃʊərəti/

surety

保証人
Meaning
a person who takes responsibility for another's performance of an undertaking, such as appearing in court or paying a debt
Example
The landlord required a surety before renting the apartment.
家主はアパートを貸す前に保証人を要求しました。
C1 adjective ˌsɪn.əˈdʒɪs.tɪk

synergistic

相乗的な
Meaning
Relating to the interaction of elements that when combined produce a greater effect than the sum of their individual effects.
Example
A synergistic effect occurs when nutrients work together.
相乗的な効果は、栄養素が一緒に働くときに発生します。
B2 noun /sneɪl/

Snail

カタツムリ
Meaning
a small soft creature with a shell on its back that moves very slowly
Example
The snail left a shiny trail as it crawled across the leaf.
カタツムリは葉っぱを這っている間に輝く跡を残しました。
B1 noun ˈstrʌk.tʃər

structure

構造
Meaning
The arrangement of and relations between the parts or elements of something complex.
Example
The structure is designed for safety and functionality.
構造は安全性と機能性のために設計されています。
B2 noun sɔɪl ɪˈrəʊʒən

soil erosion

土壌侵食
Meaning
The wearing away of topsoil by water, wind, or other natural forces.
Example
Soil erosion can lead to the loss of fertile land.
土壌侵食は肥沃な土地の喪失につながる可能性があります。
C2 noun /ˈstrɪk.tʃər/

stricture

制限、批判
Meaning
a restriction or limitation; a critical remark
Example
The new law placed a severe stricture on free speech.
新しい法律は言論の自由に厳しい制限を課した。
B2 noun /ˌsɛkʃuˈæləti/

sexuality

セクシュアリティ
Meaning
a person's capacity for sexual feelings and orientation
Example
She spoke openly about her sexuality and identity.
彼女は自分のセクシュアリティとアイデンティティについてオープンに話しました。
C1 noun /sɪlk klɔːθ/

Silk cloth

シルクの布
Meaning
fabric made from natural fibers produced by silkworms
Example
The bride wore a beautiful dress made of silk cloth.
花嫁はシルクの布で作られた美しいドレスを着ていました。
C1 noun ˈsɛlf pəˈzɪʃən

self-possession

自己抑制
Meaning
The quality of being calm and confident and in control of one's emotions; composure.
Example
His self-possession during the crisis was remarkable.
彼の危機的な状況での自己抑制は素晴らしかった。
B1 noun /ˈsʌməri/

summary

要約
Meaning
A brief statement of the main points of something.
Example
She wrote a summary of the book for her class.
彼女はクラスのためにその本の要約を書きました。
A2 adjective /sɪk/

Sick

病気の; 吐き気のする; 不調
Meaning
unwell; having a disease or illness; feeling nauseous
Example
She stayed home from work because she was feeling sick.
彼女は気分が悪かったので、仕事を休んだ。
C1 noun /səbˈdʒɛkʃən/

subjection

服従
Meaning
the act of bringing someone or something under control or domination
Example
The people suffered under the subjection of a cruel ruler.
人々は残虐な支配者の下で苦しんでいた。
B2 noun /sliːv/

Sleeve

袖
Meaning
the part of a garment that covers the arm
Example
She rolled up her sleeves before starting to cook.
彼女は料理を始める前に袖をまくった。
A2 adverb /ˈsʌm.deɪ/

someday

いつか
Meaning
at some time in the future
Example
Someday, I want to travel the world.
いつか、私は世界中を旅したい。
C2 noun /ˈsɪkəfənt/

sycophant

お世辞使い
Meaning
A person who acts obsequiously toward someone important in order to gain advantage.
Example
The manager was surrounded by sycophants who agreed with everything he said.
マネージャーは、彼が言ったことすべてに同意するお世辞を言う人々に囲まれていました。
B1 noun /sleɪv/

slave

奴隷
Meaning
a person who is the legal property of another and is forced to work for them
Example
The abolitionist movement fought for the rights of slaves.
廃奴隷運動は奴隷の権利のために戦いました。
C1 adjective səˈsaɪ.ə.təl

societal

社会的
Meaning
Relating to society or social relationships.
Example
Societal benefits of space tourism are under debate.
宇宙観光の社会的利点が議論されています。
C1 adjective /ˈsiːzənəbəl/

Seasonable

季節に適した
Meaning
occurring at the right time; appropriate for the season; timely
Example
The seasonable rain helped the farmers with their crops.
季節の雨が農家の作物を助けました。
B2 adjective /ˈsoʊ.vi.ət/

soviet

ソビエト
Meaning
relating to the Soviet Union or its government
Example
The Soviet era saw significant changes in Eastern Europe.
ソビエト時代には東ヨーロッパで重要な変化がありました。
C1 verb /ˈstriːmlaɪnɪŋ/

streamlining

簡素化
Meaning
The process of making an organization or system more efficient by simplifying or eliminating unnecessary steps
Example
Streamlining processes can significantly reduce operational costs.
プロセスの簡素化は、運用コストを大幅に削減することができます。
C2 noun /ˈstriːmlɪt/

streamlet

小川
Meaning
a small stream; a tiny brook or rivulet
Example
A streamlet flowed through the meadow.
小川が草地を流れていました。
C2 noun/verb /ˈsoʊdʒɜrn/

sojourn

一時的な滞在
Meaning
A temporary stay at a place; to stay temporarily
Example
She enjoyed a brief sojourn in Paris during the summer.
彼女は夏の間、パリで短期間の滞在を楽しんだ。
C1 adjective/verb /ˈsiːzənd/

seasoned

経験豊富な / 味付けされた
Meaning
Experienced in a particular activity; also, flavored with spices.
Example
She is a seasoned teacher with over 20 years of experience.
彼女は20年以上の経験を持つベテランの教師です。
A2 noun ˈsɜːvɪsɪz

services

サービス
Meaning
The action of helping or doing work for someone.
Example
Services in the healthcare industry are essential for well-being.
医療業界のサービスは、福祉に不可欠です。
A1 noun /sɔːŋ/

song

歌
Meaning
a short piece of music with words that are sung
Example
She sang a beautiful song at the concert.
彼女はコンサートで美しい歌を歌った。
C2 noun /seɪn/

seine

大きな網
Meaning
A large fishing net that hangs vertically in the water.
Example
The fishermen cast their seine into the river.
漁師たちは大きな網を川に投げ入れました。
C1 verb /sɪˈdjuːs/

seduce

Meaning
to attract someone into doing something, especially something they might not normally do
Example
The advertisement was designed to seduce customers into buying luxury products.
C1 adverb spɒnˈteɪnɪəsli

spontaneously

自発的に
Meaning
In a spontaneous way; naturally and without planning or external cause.
Example
Children learn spontaneously through peer interactions.
子供たちは仲間とのやり取りを通じて自然に学びます。
C1 verb /skɪmp/

skimp

ケチる
Meaning
to use less of something than is necessary in order to save money or effort
Example
Don’t skimp on quality when buying a new laptop.
新しいノートパソコンを買うときは、品質をケチらないでください。
C1 adjective /sɪmˈfɒnɪk/

symphonic

交響曲の
Meaning
relating to or having the character of a symphony or symphony orchestra
Example
The concert featured a symphonic masterpiece.
コンサートでは交響曲の傑作が披露されました。
C1 noun /ˈstɪɡmə/

stigma

汚名
Meaning
a mark of shame or disgrace associated with a particular circumstance or quality
Example
There is still a stigma around mental health issues in many societies.
多くの社会では、精神的な健康問題に関して未だに汚名がついています。
C1 adjective /ˈspɑːrtn/

spartan

スパルタン
Meaning
showing simplicity and lack of luxury; austere
Example
He lived in a spartan room with just a bed and a chair.
彼はスパルタンな部屋に住んでいて、ベッドと椅子だけがありました。
B2 noun /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/

suffering

苦しみ
Meaning
the state of undergoing pain, distress, or hardship
Example
They tried to relieve his suffering with medicine.
彼らは薬で彼の苦しみを和らげようとした。
A2 noun /stoʊn/

stone

石
Meaning
a hard, naturally occurring mineral material found in the earth
Example
He threw a stone into the lake.
彼は湖に石を投げました。
B2 noun /siːdʒ/

Sieze

包囲
Meaning
a military operation to capture a place by surrounding it and cutting off supplies
Example
The siege of the castle lasted for three months.
城塞の包囲は三ヶ月続いた。
C1 adjective /ˌsekənd ˈreɪt/

second-rate

二流
Meaning
Of mediocre or inferior quality.
Example
The movie was entertaining but clearly second-rate compared to the original.
その映画は面白かったが、オリジナルに比べて明らかに二流だった。
C2 adjective /ˌsʌpəzɪˈtɪʃəs/

supposititious

仮定的
Meaning
Based on assumption rather than fact; not genuine or authentic.
Example
The story turned out to be supposititious, with no evidence to support it.
その話は仮定的であり、それを支持する証拠はありませんでした。
A1 noun /ˈsætərdeɪ/

saturday

土曜日
Meaning
The day of the week between Friday and Sunday; traditionally the sixth day of the week
Example
We are going to the beach on Saturday.
私たちは土曜日にビーチに行きます。
B2 noun /ˈsɪmfəni/

Symphony

交響曲
Meaning
an elaborate musical composition for full orchestra, typically in four movements
Example
The orchestra performed Beethoven's Fifth Symphony.
オーケストラはベートーヴェンの交響曲第5番を演奏した。
B2 verb /sɔːr/

soar

高く飛ぶ / 急増する
Meaning
to fly or rise high in the air; to increase rapidly or dramatically
Example
The eagle soared high above the mountains.
ワシは山々の上を高く飛びました。
C1 noun /sɪˈdʌk.ʃən/

Seduction

誘惑; 誘惑
Meaning
the action of seducing someone; temptation to do something wrong
Example
He fell victim to the seduction of easy money.
彼は簡単な金儲けの誘惑に負けた。
B2 noun /stəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

Stability

安定性
Meaning
the state of being stable; firmness; steadiness
Example
Political stability is essential for economic growth.
政治的安定は経済成長にとって重要です。
C2 verb /ʃʌk/

shuck

殻を剥く
Meaning
To remove the outer covering, such as the husk of corn or shell of shellfish.
Example
She learned how to shuck oysters quickly.
彼女は牡蠣の殻を素早く剥く方法を学びました。
B1 noun /ˈsiː.hɔːrs/

Sea-horse

タツノオトシゴ
Meaning
a small marine fish with segmented bony armor, an upright posture, and a curled prehensile tail
Example
The seahorse gracefully floated among the coral reefs.
タツノオトシゴはサンゴ礁の中を優雅に浮かんでいました。
A1 verb /send/

send

送る
Meaning
to cause something to go or be taken to a particular destination; to transmit
Example
I will send you an email with the details.
詳細な情報を含むメールを送ります。
C1 noun /ˈstætʃər/

stature

名声、身長
Meaning
A person's natural height or their reputation and importance.
Example
Her intellectual stature made her a respected figure in academia.
彼女の知的名声は、彼女を学界で尊敬される人物にしました。
B2 noun /spaʊs/

spouse

配偶者
Meaning
a person's husband or wife
Example
Each employee may include their spouse in the health insurance plan.
各従業員は配偶者を健康保険プランに含めることができます。
C2 adjective /ˌsæsərˈdoʊtl/

sacerdotal

神職に関する
Meaning
Relating to priests or the priesthood.
Example
The ritual had a distinctly sacerdotal character.
その儀式には明確な神職に関する特徴がありました。
C2 noun /ˈsʌbtrəˌhɛnd/

subtrahend

引数
Meaning
a number that is to be subtracted from another number
Example
In the equation 10 - 4, the number 4 is the subtrahend.
方程式 10 - 4 では、4 は引数です。
B2 adverb /sɪˈvɪərli/

severely

ひどく
Meaning
to a great degree; very seriously or harshly
Example
The patient was severely injured in the accident.
患者は事故でひどく負傷しました。
C1 verb /səˈkʌm/

succumb

Meaning
To give in to pressure, temptation, or illness; to yield or fail to resist.
Example
He finally succumbed to his illness after a long struggle.
A2 verb /sɜːrtʃ/

search

探す
Meaning
to look carefully for someone or something; to examine thoroughly
Example
The police searched the house for evidence.
警察は証拠を探すために家を捜索した。
A2 noun /spɔːt/

sport

スポーツ
Meaning
an activity involving physical exertion and skill in which an individual or team competes against another or others for entertainment
Example
Football is a popular sport around the world.
サッカーは世界中で人気のスポーツです。
A2 noun /ˈʃaʊər/

shower

Meaning
a brief fall of rain or snow or a device for taking a bath or washing oneself
Example
After the workout, I took a quick shower to refresh myself.
B1 noun /stiːl/

steel

スチール
Meaning
a strong, hard metal made of iron and carbon
Example
The building was made from steel to ensure its durability.
その建物は耐久性を確保するためにスチールで作られました。
C1 noun, verb /ˈskʌf.əl/

scuffle

乱闘
Meaning
a short, confused fight or struggle; to engage in such a fight
Example
Two players scuffled on the field after the foul.
ファウルの後、二人の選手がフィールドで殴り合った。
C1 noun /ˈsɜːr.vɪ.tuːd/

Servitude

奴隷状態
Meaning
the state of being a slave or completely subject to someone more powerful
Example
Many people fought to escape the servitude imposed by the colonial system.
多くの人々が、植民地制度によって課せられた隷属から逃れようと戦った。
B2 noun /ˌsuːvəˈnɪər/

Souvenir

お土産
Meaning
a thing that is kept as a reminder of a person, place, or event; a memento
Example
I bought a small souvenir from the gift shop.
私はギフトショップで小さな土産を買いました。
C1 adjective /ˈspɛktrəl/

spectral

幽霊のような
Meaning
Relating to a ghost or specter; ghostly. Also relating to a spectrum.
Example
The old mansion had a spectral atmosphere at night.
古い館には夜、幽霊のような雰囲気が漂っていた。
C2 noun /sɪlf/

sylph

シルフィード
Meaning
A mythical spirit of the air; also refers to a slender, graceful woman.
Example
She moved across the stage like a sylph, light and graceful.
彼女は舞台上をシルフィードのように軽やかで優雅に動いていました。
C2 noun /staɪn/

stein

ビールジョッキ
Meaning
A large beer mug, typically made of glass or stoneware.
Example
He raised his stein to toast his friends.
彼は友達のために乾杯するためにシュタインを持ち上げました。
C1 noun /sɛkt/

sect

宗派
Meaning
a subgroup of a larger religious or political group, often with differing beliefs
Example
The group split into different sects due to doctrinal differences.
グループは教義の違いにより、異なる宗派に分かれました。
C1 noun /ˈstoʊəˌweɪ/

stowaway

密航者
Meaning
A person who hides on a ship, plane, or other vehicle in order to travel secretly without paying.
Example
The crew discovered a stowaway hiding in the cargo hold.
乗組員は貨物室に隠れている密航者を発見しました。
C1 adjective /ˈspɪndli/

spindly

細くて弱い
Meaning
Long, thin, and weak-looking
Example
The spindly tree bent under the weight of the snow.
細い木が雪の重みで曲がった。
C2 noun /ˈsɒfɪst/

sophist

詭弁家
Meaning
a person who uses clever but misleading arguments
Example
He was dismissed as a sophist who twisted facts to win debates.
彼は討論に勝つために事実を歪める詭弁家として解雇されました。
B2 noun ˌsɛlf ˈdɪs.ə.plɪn

self-discipline

自己規律
Meaning
The ability to control one's emotions and behavior.
Example
Self-discipline is crucial for achieving long-term success.
自己規律は長期的な成功に不可欠です。