B1 noun /ˈsaɪdˌwɔːk/

sidewalk

歩道

Meaning

a paved path for pedestrians at the side of a street.

Example

Children were playing on the sidewalk.

子供たちは歩道で遊んでいました。

C2 adjective /ˌbækəˈneɪliən/

bacchanalian

酔っ払いの祭りに関連する

Meaning

Characterized by or involving drunken revelry.

Example

The students threw a bacchanalian party after the exams.

学生たちは試験後に酔っ払いの祭りを開いた。

B2 noun /kəˈlɛstərɒl/

cholesterol

コレステロール

Meaning

a fatty substance found in the blood, high levels of which can cause health problems

Example

High cholesterol can increase the risk of heart disease.

高コレステロールは心臓病のリスクを高める可能性があります。

C2 noun /ˈkɔːrnɪs/

cornice

コーニス

Meaning

an ornamental molding around the wall of a room just below the ceiling

Example

The elegant cornice added a classical touch to the living room.

エレガントなコーニスはリビングルームにクラシックなタッチを加えました。

C2 adjective /ˈnɔɪ.səm/

Noisome

不快な臭い; 有害または不快な

Meaning

having an extremely offensive smell; harmful or unpleasant

Example

The noisome smell from the garbage made everyone cover their noses.

ゴミからの不快な臭いが、みんなを鼻を押さえさせました。

A1 adjective /dɪr/

dear

親愛なる

Meaning

loved or cherished; sometimes used as a polite form of address

Example

She is very dear to her grandparents.

彼女は祖父母にとって非常に親愛なる存在です。

C1 noun /klaʊt/

clout

影響力

Meaning

influence or power, especially in politics or business

Example

The businessman has a lot of political clout.

そのビジネスマンは政治的な影響力を持っています。

A1 verb /liːv/

leave

出発する

Meaning

to go away from; to depart or exit

Example

The train leaves at 6 PM.

電車は午後6時に出発します。

C1 noun /ˌtɛknɪˈkæləti/

technicality

テクニカルリティ

Meaning

A small detail of law, rule, or procedure; a minor point that affects an outcome.

Example

The case was dismissed on a technicality.

その事件はテクニカルリティで却下された。

C1 noun ˌɛkstərˈnælɪtiz

externalities

外部性

Meaning

A side effect or consequence of an industrial or commercial activity.

Example

Pollution is a negative externality of industrialization.

汚染は産業化の負の外部性です。

B2 adjective /ˌʌnˈnoʊ.tɪst/

Unnoticed

気づかれなかった; 無視された

Meaning

not seen or observed; ignored

Example

His hard work went unnoticed by his manager.

彼の努力はマネージャーに気づかれませんでした。

B2 noun /kwəʊˈteɪʃən/

quotation

引用; 見積もり

Meaning

a group of words taken from a text or speech and repeated exactly; an estimated price given for goods or services

Example

The article opened with a famous quotation from Shakespeare.

その記事はシェイクスピアの有名な引用で始まった。

A1 verb/noun /dæns/

dance

幸福

Meaning

to move rhythmically to music, typically following a set sequence of steps

Example

They danced all night at the wedding.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

C2 noun /ɪˌlɛkˈtrɑː.lə.sɪs/

electrolysis

電解

Meaning

A chemical decomposition produced by passing an electric current through a liquid or solution.

Example

Electrolysis is used to separate hydrogen from water.

電解は水から水素を分離するために使用されます。

C1 noun /ˈʌndərˌstʌdi/

understudy

アンダースタディ

Meaning

An actor who learns another's role to act as a replacement if needed.

Example

The understudy performed when the lead actor fell ill.

主役の俳優が病気になったとき、アンダースタディが演じました。

A2 adjective /braɪt/

Bright

明るい

Meaning

giving out or reflecting much light; vivid in color

Example

The artist used bright colors in her painting.

そのアーティストは絵画に明るい色を使いました。

B1 adjective /ˌdɪs.əˈpɔɪn.tɪd/

Disappointed

がっかり

Meaning

sad because something has not happened or is not as good as expected

Example

She was disappointed with her exam results.

彼女は試験の結果にがっかりしていた。

C2 adjective /stɛnˈtɔːriən/

stentorian

雷鳴のような

Meaning

Extremely loud and powerful in sound.

Example

The teacher’s stentorian voice quieted the noisy classroom.

教師の雷鳴のような声が騒々しい教室を静めた。

B1 noun /rɪˈvɪʒ.ən/

Revision

リビジョン; 修正版

Meaning

the action of revising; a revised edition or form of something; review of subject matter

Example

The students spent hours doing revision for their final exams.

学生たちは最終試験のために数時間リビジョンを行った。

C1 noun ˌkʌl.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən

culmination

クルミネーション. 何かの最高潮、特に長い時間を経て達成されたもの。

Meaning

The highest or climactic point of something, especially as attained after a long time.

Example

The project reached its culmination after years of effort.

プロジェクトは長年の努力の末、最高潮に達しました。

B2 noun /er/

Heir

相続人

Meaning

a person legally entitled to the property or rank of another on that person's death

Example

The young prince was the rightful heir to the throne and would become king someday.

若い王子は王位の正当な相続人であり、いつか王になるでしょう。

C2 noun /əˈspɜːr.ʒən/

aspersion

中傷

Meaning

An attack on the reputation or integrity of someone.

Example

He cast an aspersion on her character.

彼は彼女の性格に中傷をしました。

B2 noun /ˈɡeɪt.weɪ/

Gateway

ゲートウェイ; 入り口

Meaning

an entrance or opening that provides access to a place; a means of achieving a particular state or condition

Example

The ancient stone gateway served as the entrance to the magnificent palace.

古代の石のゲートウェイは壮大な宮殿の入り口として機能しました。

A2 noun/adjective /ˈekspɜːt/

expert

専門家

Meaning

a person who has a lot of knowledge or skill in a particular area

Example

He is an expert in computer programming.

彼はコンピュータプログラミングの専門家です。

C1 noun /ˈneb.jʊ.lə/

nebula

星雲

Meaning

A cloud of gas and dust in outer space, sometimes visible in the night sky.

Example

The Orion Nebula is one of the brightest in the sky.

オリオン星雲は空で最も明るいものの一つです。

B2 adjective /pəˈθet.ɪk/

Pathetic

哀れな; 惨めな

Meaning

arousing pity; extremely poor or inadequate

Example

His pathetic attempt to apologize made things worse.

彼の悲惨な謝罪の試みは事態をさらに悪化させた。

C2 noun /ˈvɪrjʊləns/

virulence

病原性

Meaning

The severity or harmfulness of a disease or poison.

Example

Scientists studied the virulence of the new virus strain.

科学者たちは新しいウイルス株の病原性を研究しました。

C2 noun /ˌænθrəpəˈsɛntrɪzəm/

anthropocentrism

人間中心主義

Meaning

The belief that human beings are the most important or central element of existence.

Example

Anthropocentrism often shapes environmental policies.

人間中心主義はしばしば環境政策を形作る。

B2 noun /ˈwɜːrk laɪf ˈbæl.əns/

work-life balance

ワークライフバランス

Meaning

The equilibrium between personal and professional life, ensuring neither dominates at the expense of the other.

Example

Achieving work-life balance reduces stress and improves productivity.

ワークライフバランスを達成することで、ストレスが減り、生産性が向上します。

C2 verb /ɪˈmjʊər/

immure

閉じ込める

Meaning

to confine or enclose someone against their will

Example

The prisoner was immured in a dark cell.

囚人は暗い監房に閉じ込められた。

A1 noun /θɪŋ/

thing

物

Meaning

an object, idea, or matter that is being referred to or dealt with

Example

This is the thing I was looking for.

これは私が探していた物です。

A1 noun /ˈfraɪ.deɪ/

friday

金曜日

Meaning

the day of the week following Thursday and preceding Saturday

Example

We have a team meeting every Friday afternoon.

私たちは毎週金曜日の午後にチーム会議があります。

B1 adjective /ˈæk.jə.rət/

Accurate

正確; 正しい;

Meaning

correct, exact, and without any mistakes

Example

The weather forecast was completely accurate.

天気予報は完全に正確でした。

C1 noun /ˈdɛdlɒk/

deadlock

行き詰まり

Meaning

a situation in which progress is impossible because of disagreement

Example

Negotiations reached a deadlock after neither side agreed to compromise.

交渉は双方が妥協に同意しなかったため行き詰まりました。

C1 adjective /ˈʃeɪp.ləs/

Shapeless

形のない

Meaning

having no definite or well-defined shape or form

Example

The fog created a shapeless mass in the distance.

霧は遠くに形のない塊を作り出しました。

C1 adjective /ˈlɔː.də.bəl/

laudable

称賛に値する

Meaning

Deserving praise and admiration.

Example

Her efforts to help the poor are truly laudable.

貧しい人々を助けるための彼女の努力は本当に称賛に値します。

A2 noun /skɜːrt/

Skirt

スカート

Meaning

a garment that hangs from the waist and covers part or all of the legs

Example

She chose a blue skirt to match her blouse.

彼女はブラウスに合わせるために青いスカートを選びました。

B2 verb /draʊn/

drown

溺れる

Meaning

to die or cause to die by being submerged in and inhaling water

Example

He nearly drowned while swimming in the river.

彼は川で泳いでいるときにほぼ溺れそうになった。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈtrɛntʃt/

entrenched

根付いている

Meaning

Firmly established and unlikely to change.

Example

Corruption is deeply entrenched in the system.

腐敗はシステムに深く根付いています。

B1 noun /ˈlɪt.ər.ə.ʧər/

Literature

文学

Meaning

To cancel out or make ineffective; to deny the truth of something.

Example

The new evidence will negate the claims made earlier.

B1 adjective /ˈvɪz.ə.bəl/

Visible

視覚的な; 明らか; 目立つ

Meaning

able to be seen; noticeable; apparent

Example

The mountain peak was clearly visible from our hotel room.

山の頂はホテルの部屋からはっきりと見えました。

B2 noun /flɔː/

flaw

欠陥

Meaning

a defect or imperfection in something

Example

The diamond had a small flaw that was barely visible.

ダイヤモンドにはほとんど見えない小さな欠陥がありました。

C1 adjective /rɪˈsɛptɪv/

receptive

受容的

Meaning

Willing to listen to or accept new ideas, suggestions, or experiences.

Example

She was receptive to feedback from her colleagues.

彼女は同僚からのフィードバックを受け入れる姿勢を持っていました。

C1 adverb /ˈfeɪ.təl.i/

Fatally

致命的に

Meaning

in a way that causes death; with deadly consequences; critically

Example

The accident fatally injured two passengers.

事故は二人の乗客を致命的に負傷させた。

B2 adjective /ˈʃæl.oʊ/

Shallow

浅い; 表面的; 知識の深さが欠けている

Meaning

not deep; superficial; lacking depth of knowledge

Example

The shallow water is perfect for children to play.

浅い水は子供たちが遊ぶのに最適です。

A2 adverb /ˌdaʊnˈsteəz/

Downstairs

階下

Meaning

on or to a lower floor of a building

Example

Please go downstairs and wait in the lobby.

階下に行ってロビーで待ってください。

B2 adjective /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkl/

economical

経済的

Meaning

Careful in the use of resources; providing good value or efficiency.

Example

Driving a hybrid car is economical in the long run.

ハイブリッド車を運転することは長期的には経済的です。

C1 adjective /maɪˈɑːpɪk/

myopic

近視的な、視野が狭い

Meaning

lacking foresight or long-term perspective; also refers to nearsightedness

Example

The company’s myopic strategy led to long-term losses.

その会社の近視的な戦略は、長期的な損失を招いた。

B2 verb ˈmɪnɪmaɪz

minimize

最小化する

Meaning

Reduce (something, especially something unwanted or unpleasant) to the smallest possible amount or degree.

Example

Efforts should be made to minimize plastic usage.

プラスチック使用を最小化するために努力が必要です。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈbrɔɪld/

embroiled

巻き込まれた

Meaning

being deeply involved in a difficult situation, conflict, or scandal

Example

She found herself embroiled in a heated family dispute.

彼女は激しい家族間の争いに巻き込まれているのを見つけた。

C1 noun ˌpraɪ.vɪ.taɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

privatization

民営化

Meaning

The transfer of a business, industry, or service from public to private ownership and control.

Example

The privatization of state-owned companies increased efficiency.

国有企業の民営化は効率を高めました。

C2 noun /əˈsɛt.ɪˌsɪz.əm/

asceticism

禁欲主義, 自制

Meaning

The practice of severe self-discipline and abstaining from indulgence, typically for religious or spiritual reasons.

Example

Asceticism has been a part of many religious traditions throughout history.

禁欲主義は歴史を通じて多くの宗教的伝統の一部でした。

C1 noun /ˈfjuː.də.lɪ.zəm/

feudalism

封建制度

Meaning

the social system in medieval Europe in which people worked and fought for nobles who gave them protection and land in return

Example

Feudalism shaped the political structure of medieval Europe.

封建制度は中世ヨーロッパの政治構造を形作った。

C1 noun /ˈdʒækˌfruːt/

Jackfruit

ジャックフルーツ

Meaning

a large tropical fruit with a spiky exterior and sweet flesh inside

Example

The jackfruit is the largest tree fruit in the world.

ジャックフルーツは世界で一番大きな木の果物です。

B2 noun ˈwɪl.paʊər

willpower

意志力

Meaning

The ability to control your thoughts and actions in order to achieve what you want to do.

Example

Strong willpower is essential for achieving long-term goals.

強い意志力は長期的な目標を達成するために不可欠です。

C2 verb, noun /ɡaʊdʒ/

gouge

えぐる、不当に高く売る

Meaning

To cut or scoop out a deep hole or groove; to overcharge unfairly.

Example

He accidentally gouged a hole in the wooden table.

彼はうっかり木製のテーブルに穴を開けました。

B2 adjective /ˈspeɪ.ʃəs/

Spacious

広々とした; 快適な

Meaning

having a lot of space; roomy and comfortable

Example

The house has a spacious living room with high ceilings.

その家には高い天井を持つ広々としたリビングルームがあります。

A2 noun /ækˈtɪv.ə.ti/

Activity

活動; 行動; タスク

Meaning

something that you do for interest or pleasure, or in order to achieve a particular aim

Example

Physical activity is important for good health.

健康のために身体的な活動が重要です。

A2 adjective ˈfɪz.ɪ.kəl

physical

物理的

Meaning

Relating to things perceived through the senses as opposed to the mind; tangible or concrete.

Example

Physical components form the system's base.

物理的なコンポーネントがシステムの基盤を形成します。

C1 noun /ˈtaɪ.ɡrəs/

Tigress

メスのトラ

Meaning

an adult female tiger

Example

The powerful tigress hunted silently through the jungle.

強力なメスのトラがジャングルを静かに狩っていた。

A1 adjective /ˈjuːs.fəl/

Useful

役に立つ; 実用的な

Meaning

having a beneficial purpose; practical

Example

This tool is very useful for fixing problems.

このツールは問題を解決するために非常に役立ちます。

A1 noun /kæn/

Can

缶

Meaning

a metal container for food or drink

Example

I opened a can of soup for lunch.

私は昼食のためにスープの缶を開けました。

C1 verb /əbˈdʌkt/

abduct

誘拐する

Meaning

to take someone away illegally by force or deception

Example

The criminal tried to abduct the child in broad daylight.

犯人は白昼にその子供を誘拐しようとした。

C2 noun /ˈdʒʌŋkɪt/

junket

旅行または祝賀

Meaning

A trip or celebration, often funded by someone else, usually for pleasure or promotional purposes.

Example

The company organized a junket for journalists to promote their new resort.

会社はジャーナリストのために新しいリゾートを宣伝するための旅行を組織しました。

C2 noun /ˈweɪstrəl/

wastrel

浪費者, 怠け者

Meaning

A person who wastes time, money, or resources; an idler or spendthrift.

Example

The young man was dismissed as a wastrel by his family.

その若者は家族から浪費者として追放されました。

C2 noun /ɡlʌt/

glut

供給過剰

Meaning

An excessive supply of something; more than is needed.

Example

There was a glut of cheap smartphones in the market.

市場には安価なスマートフォンの供給過剰がありました。

C2 noun /ˈhɑːr.bɪn.dʒər/

Harbinger

前兆

Meaning

a person or thing that announces or signals the approach of another; a forerunner of something

Example

The first robin of spring is often considered a harbinger of warmer weather to come.

春の最初のコマドリは、来るべき暖かい天気の前兆と見なされることがよくあります。

C2 adjective, adverb /əˈbʌvˌbɔːrd/

aboveboard

正直でオープン

Meaning

Open and honest; without deception or trickery.

Example

The business deal was completely aboveboard.

ビジネス取引は完全に正直でオープンでした。

C2 noun /ˈɡæd.flaɪ/

gadfly

厄介な人

Meaning

A person who annoys or criticizes others to stimulate change or provoke action.

Example

The journalist was a gadfly, constantly questioning the government's policies.

そのジャーナリストは厄介な人で、政府の政策を常に疑問視していた。

C1 noun ˈeʃ.ə.lɒn

echelon

階層、ランク、段階

Meaning

A level or rank in an organization, a profession, or society.

Example

He climbed to the upper echelon of the corporate world.

彼は企業の世界の上級レベルに登りつめました。

C1 verb /ˈdʒenərəlaɪz/

generalize

一般化する

Meaning

To make a broad statement by inferring from specific cases.

Example

It is wrong to generalize based on a few experiences.

いくつかの経験に基づいて一般化するのは間違っています。

C1 noun /fəˈrɒs.ə.ti/

ferocity

凶暴さ, 暴力, 強さ

Meaning

The state or quality of being ferocious; extreme fierceness or violence.

Example

The storm's ferocity was devastating.

嵐の凶暴さは壊滅的でした。

C1 verb /fɔːrˈʃædoʊ/

foreshadow

予兆する

Meaning

To indicate or suggest something that will happen in the future

Example

Dark clouds foreshadowed an approaching storm.

暗い雲が近づく嵐を予兆していた。

C1 noun ˌrɛk.əˈlɛk.ʃən

Recollection

記憶

Meaning

Remembering past events or information

Example

His recollection of childhood memories was vivid.

彼の子供時代の記憶は鮮明だった。

C2 verb /ˈɡæmbəl/

gambol

楽しく跳ねる

Meaning

to run or jump about playfully

Example

The lambs gamboled in the field under the sun.

羊たちは太陽の下で野原を元気に跳ね回っていました。

C1 adjective səˈsaɪ.ə.təl

societal

社会的

Meaning

Relating to society or social relationships.

Example

Societal benefits of space tourism are under debate.

宇宙観光の社会的利点が議論されています。

B2 noun ˈrɛstɪŋ pleɪs

resting place

安息地

Meaning

A place where someone or something rests, especially a burial site.

Example

The resting place of the martyrs is near the river.

殉教者の安息地は川の近くにあります。

A1 noun /ˈʌŋkəl/

uncle

おじ/おじさん

Meaning

the brother of one's father or mother

Example

My uncle is visiting us next week.

私のおじさんは来週私たちを訪ねてきます。

C1 noun ˈæ.sɛt ˌæl.əˈkeɪ.ʃən

asset allocation

資産配分

Meaning

An investment strategy that aims to balance risk and reward by apportioning a portfolio's assets according to an individual's goals, risk tolerance, and investment horizon.

Example

Proper asset allocation is key to financial growth.

正しい資産配分は、金融成長の鍵です。

B1 noun /ˈɡroʊ.sər/

Grocer

食料品店

Meaning

a person who sells food and household goods in a shop

Example

The grocer has fresh vegetables and fruits in his store.

食料品店には新鮮な果物や野菜があります。

C1 adjective /ˈbækˌhændɪd/

backhanded

間接的または皮肉な

Meaning

Indirect or sarcastic, often appearing as praise but actually insulting.

Example

She gave him a backhanded compliment about his work.

彼女は彼の仕事に対して間接的な褒め言葉を言った。

C1 noun /ˈredʒ.ɪ.mən/

regimen

健康促進または回復のために処方された治療法、ライフスタイル、または食事

Meaning

A prescribed course of medical treatment, way of life, or diet for the promotion or restoration of health.

Example

A strict exercise regimen improves overall fitness.

厳格な運動レジメンは、全体的なフィットネスを向上させます。

C2 verb /ˌoʊvərˈliːp/

overleap

飛び越える

Meaning

To jump over something; to omit or disregard something.

Example

He managed to overleap the fence easily.

彼は簡単にフェンスを飛び越えました。

C2 verb /dɪˈsɛvər/

dissever

分ける

Meaning

To separate or cut apart.

Example

The treaty sought to dissever the two hostile regions.

条約は二つの敵対的な地域を分割しようとした。

A1 noun, adjective /hæf/

half

半分

Meaning

one of two equal parts of something

Example

He ate half of the cake.

彼はケーキの半分を食べました。

C2 noun /neɪv/

Knave

不正直な人；トランプのジャック

Meaning

a dishonest person, especially a man; a playing card with a picture of a male servant

Example

The knave tried to cheat the old woman out of her savings.

その悪党は年老いた女性をだまして、貯金を奪おうとした。

C1 verb /əˈseɪl/

assail

攻撃する

Meaning

to attack violently, either physically or with words

Example

The politician was assailed with difficult questions.

政治家は難しい質問で攻撃された。

C2 noun /ˌɪntərˈrɛɡnəm/

interregnum

政権空白期

Meaning

A period between rulers or governments when normal leadership is suspended.

Example

The country faced instability during the interregnum after the king’s death.

国王の死後、国は政権空白期に不安定さに直面した。

B2 adjective /kənˈvɪnsɪŋ/

Convincing

説得力のある; 信頼できる; 説得力のある; 誰かに何かを信じさせることができる

Meaning

believable; credible; persuasive; able to make someone believe something

Example

His convincing argument won over the entire jury.

彼の説得力のある議論は全陪審員を納得させました。

B2 noun kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃən

collaboration

協力

Meaning

The action of working with someone to produce or create something

Example

International collaboration is necessary to fight pollution.

国際的な協力は汚染と戦うために必要です。

B2 noun /ˈbæk.boʊn/

Backbone

背骨

Meaning

the series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the pelvis; spine

Example

He injured his backbone in the accident.

彼は事故で背骨を怪我した。

C1 verb /ˈnʌlɪfaɪ/

nullify

無効にする

Meaning

to make something legally invalid or ineffective

Example

The court decided to nullify the contract.

裁判所は契約を無効にすることを決定しました。

B2 verb /ˈflʌrɪʃ/

flourish

Meaning

To grow or develop in a healthy or successful way.

Example

Her business began to flourish after she introduced online sales.

C1 adjective /ˈsɛptɪk/

septic

感染した

Meaning

Infected with harmful bacteria; relating to or causing infection.

Example

The doctor treated the patient's septic wound immediately.

医者は患者のセプティックな傷をすぐに治療しました。

B1 noun /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tər/

Alligator

ワニ

Meaning

a large reptile similar to a crocodile but with a shorter, wider head

Example

The alligator basked in the sun on the riverbank.

ワニは川辺で日光浴をしていました。