B2 adjective /rɪˈmuːvəbəl/

removable

取り外し可能な

Meaning

able to be removed or taken away

Example

This phone has a removable battery.

この電話には取り外し可能なバッテリーがあります。

A1 adjective, noun, adverb, verb (past tense of leave) /lɛft/

left

左

Meaning

on or towards the side of the body that is to the west when facing north

Example

He turned left at the intersection.

彼は交差点で左に曲がった。

A1 adverb /ˈɔːl.weɪz/

Always

いつも; 永遠に; 常に

Meaning

at all times; on all occasions; forever

Example

She always arrives early to work.

彼女はいつも仕事に早く到着します。

A1 noun /θɪŋ/

thing

物

Meaning

an object, idea, or matter that is being referred to or dealt with

Example

This is the thing I was looking for.

これは私が探していた物です。

C1 verb /ˈbæbəl/

babble

おしゃべりする

Meaning

to talk rapidly and continuously in a foolish way

Example

The baby babbles all day long.

赤ちゃんは一日中おしゃべりしています。

A1 verb /drɪŋk/

drink

飲む

Meaning

to take liquid into the mouth and swallow it

Example

I drink water every morning.

私は毎朝水を飲みます。

B2 noun /dɪˈsen.dənt/

Descendant

子孫

Meaning

a person who is descended from a particular ancestor; offspring of a later generation

Example

She discovered that she was a descendant of European royalty through genealogy research.

彼女は系譜研究を通じて、ヨーロッパの王族の子孫であることを発見しました。

B1 noun /ˌkæl.kjəˈleɪ.ʃən/

Calculation

計算

Meaning

a mathematical determination of the size or number of something

Example

His calculation of the total cost was accurate to the penny.

彼の総費用の計算はペニー単位まで正確でした。

C1 verb /ˌɪntəˈsɛkt/

intersect

交差する

Meaning

to cross or pass through each other

Example

The two roads intersect at the city center.

二つの道路は市内中心で交差する。

B2 noun /θret/

Threat

脅威

Meaning

a statement of intention to inflict harm; a person or thing likely to cause danger

Example

The storm poses a serious threat to coastal areas.

嵐は沿岸地域に深刻な脅威をもたらします。

B2 noun /ˈoʊ.vər ɡroʊθ/

Over growth

過剰成長

Meaning

excessive growth beyond normal size; too much development or expansion

Example

The overgrowth of weeds made the garden look untidy.

雑草の過剰な繁茂が庭を乱雑に見せた。

B2 noun, verb /nɜːrv/

nerve

神経; 勇気

Meaning

A bundle of fibers in the body that transmits signals between the brain and other parts; also courage or audacity.

Example

She gathered the nerve to speak in front of the large audience.

彼女は大きな観客の前で話す勇気を持っていた。

C1 adjective /ˈbrɪtl/

brittle

壊れやすい

Meaning

easily broken or cracked; hard but liable to break

Example

The glass was so brittle that it cracked easily.

ガラスはとても壊れやすくて、簡単に割れました。

B2 noun /iˈkɒlədʒɪst/

ecologist

エコロジスト

Meaning

A scientist who studies the relationships between living organisms and their environment.

Example

The ecologist studied the effects of pollution on the forest ecosystem.

エコロジストは森林の生態系に対する汚染の影響を研究しました。

C2 adjective /kəˈnaɪ.vɪŋ/

conniving

陰険な

Meaning

secretly scheming or plotting to help in wrongdoing

Example

He is a conniving politician who manipulates people for power.

彼は権力のために人々を操る陰険な政治家です。

C1 noun/verb /tɔːrˈpiːdoʊ/

torpedo

魚雷

Meaning

A self-propelled underwater missile; to attack or destroy something suddenly and forcefully.

Example

The submarine launched a torpedo at the enemy ship.

潜水艦は敵艦に向けてトーピードを発射した。

C2 noun /ˈsweɪʒən/

suasion

説得

Meaning

the act of persuading or influencing someone

Example

The leader used gentle suasion to win support for the plan.

リーダーは計画への支援を得るために穏やかな説得を使用しました。

C2 verb /ˈblækˌbɔːl/

blackball

排除する

Meaning

to exclude someone socially or vote against their membership in a group or club

Example

He was blackballed from the club after the controversy.

彼は論争の後、クラブから排除された。

C2 verb /dɪˈlæpɪdeɪt/

dilapidate

荒廃する

Meaning

To cause something, especially a building, to fall into ruin or disrepair.

Example

The abandoned house began to dilapidate over the years.

廃墟になった家は年月を経て崩壊し始めました。

C1 noun /ˈkɒnfɪdænt/

confidant

信頼できる友人

Meaning

A person with whom one shares a secret or private matter, trusting them not to repeat it.

Example

She found a true confidant in her childhood friend.

彼女は子供時代の友人の中に本当の信頼できる友人を見つけました。

C1 noun /ˌres.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

Recitation

朗読

Meaning

the action of reciting or repeating aloud from memory

Example

The poetry recitation contest was held in the auditorium.

詩の朗読大会はホールで行われました。

A1 preposition /frəm/ or /frʌm/

from

から

Meaning

Used to indicate the starting point of a journey, action, or source.

Example

She came from Dhaka to visit her family.

彼女はダッカから家族を訪ねて来ました。

C2 noun/verb /ɡraʊs/

grouse

不平を言う / 鳥の一種

Meaning

A type of bird; or to complain or grumble persistently.

Example

He always grouses about the long hours at work.

彼はいつも長時間働くことに不平を言います。

C2 adjective /kənˈsʌmptɪv/

consumptive

消費的な

Meaning

Relating to or characterized by consumption; historically used to describe someone suffering from tuberculosis.

Example

The doctor advised against consumptive habits.

医者は消費的な習慣を避けるようにアドバイスした。

C2 noun /ˈdɛvɪltrɪ/

deviltry

悪魔的な行為

Meaning

Cruel or malicious behavior; mischief with an evil aspect.

Example

The villain’s deviltry terrified the townsfolk.

悪党の悪魔的な行為は町の人々を恐れさせました。

A2 noun /ˈʌndərweər/

underwear

下着

Meaning

Clothing worn beneath outer clothes, typically next to the skin.

Example

He bought new underwear for the trip.

彼は旅行のために新しい下着を買った。

C2 noun /pəˈruːzl/

perusal

慎重な読書

Meaning

The action of reading or examining something carefully.

Example

The contract was given to the lawyer for perusal.

契約書は弁護士に慎重な読書のために渡されました。

C2 noun /ˈfriːˌbuːtər/

freebooter

海賊

Meaning

A pirate or plunderer who roams freely in search of wealth.

Example

The freebooter raided the merchant ships along the coast.

海賊は沿岸の商船を襲った。

C1 verb /dɪsˈɑːrm/

disarm

武装解除する

Meaning

to take weapons away from someone; to make someone feel less hostile

Example

The soldiers were ordered to disarm the rebels.

兵士たちは反乱者の武装を解除するよう命じられた。

B1 noun /ɪkˈstent/

Extent

範囲; 広がり

Meaning

the area covered by something; the degree to which something has spread

Example

The extent of the damage caused by the flood was enormous.

洪水によって引き起こされた損害の範囲は非常に広かった。

C2 noun /ˈdʌlərd/

dullard

愚か者

Meaning

a slow or stupid person

Example

He was considered a dullard by his classmates.

彼はクラスメートによって愚か者だと考えられていた。

B2 noun /præŋk/

prank

いたずら

Meaning

A trick that is intended to be funny but not harmful.

Example

They played a harmless prank on their friend during the party.

彼らはパーティーで友達と無害ないたずらをしました。

C1 noun /ˌplɔː.zəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

plausibility

信頼性

Meaning

The quality of being reasonable or probable.

Example

The plausibility of his explanation convinced the jury.

彼の説明の信頼性は陪審員を納得させました。

A1 verb pleɪ

play

役割を果たす

Meaning

To have a role or function in a situation; to contribute to something.

Example

Artemis will play a crucial role in Mars exploration.

アルテミスは火星探査で重要な役割を果たすだろう。

B2 adjective /ˈæbsəluːt/

absolute

絶対

Meaning

total, complete, or without restriction

Example

The dictator had absolute power over the nation.

独裁者は国に対して絶対的な権力を持っていた。

C2 adjective /kəˈnjuːbiəl/

connubial

婚姻の

Meaning

Relating to marriage or the relationship of a married couple.

Example

They celebrated their connubial bliss with a honeymoon trip.

彼らはハネムーン旅行で婚姻の幸せを祝いました。

C2 verb /ɪkˈstɛmpəraɪz/

extemporize

即興する

Meaning

To speak or perform without preparation; improvise.

Example

The actor had to extemporize when he forgot his lines.

俳優はセリフを忘れたとき、即興で演技をしなければなりませんでした。

C2 noun /næˈteɪʃən/

natation

水泳

Meaning

The act or sport of swimming.

Example

She took lessons in natation to improve her swimming skills.

彼女は泳ぎの技術を向上させるために水泳のレッスンを受けました。

C1 adjective /aʊtˈmoʊdɪd/

outmoded

時代遅れ

Meaning

No longer in fashion or useful; outdated.

Example

That old computer is completely outmoded.

その古いコンピューターは完全に時代遅れです。

C2 noun /ˌɒktədʒəˈnɛəriən/

octogenarian

80歳代の人

Meaning

A person who is between 80 and 89 years old.

Example

The octogenarian still jogs every morning to stay healthy.

そのオクトジェネリアンは毎朝健康を維持するためにジョギングをしています。

A2 pronoun /ðəmˈsɛlvz/

themselves

自分で

Meaning

used to emphasize the subject of the sentence or to refer to the subject doing something to itself

Example

They fixed the problem themselves.

彼らは自分で問題を解決しました。

C2 noun /mæn əv wɔːr/

Man of war

戦艦

Meaning

a warship; a naval vessel equipped with weapons for warfare

Example

The man of war sailed across the ocean to defend the coast.

戦艦は海を越えて、海岸を守るために進んだ。

C2 noun /ˌɒpəˈrɛtə/

operetta

軽いオペラ

Meaning

a short opera with light and humorous themes

Example

The theater staged a famous operetta by Gilbert and Sullivan.

劇場はギルバートとサリヴァンの有名な軽いオペラを上演しました。

B2 adverb /ˈdʌbli/

doubly

二重に

Meaning

in a twofold manner; to twice the degree

Example

She felt doubly fortunate after winning the prize and getting a promotion.

彼女は賞を受賞し、昇進した後、二重に幸運だと感じました。

C1 noun /ˈtriːtɪs/

treatise

論文

Meaning

a formal and systematic written work dealing with a subject in detail

Example

He wrote a treatise on modern economic theory.

彼は現代経済理論に関する論文を書いた。

C1 noun /əˈflɪkʃən/

affliction

苦しみ

Meaning

a state of pain, suffering, or distress

Example

Poverty is a common affliction in many parts of the world.

貧困は世界の多くの地域で一般的な苦しみです。

A2 noun /ˈhæn.dəl/

Handle

取っ手; 握り手; 扱う

Meaning

the part by which a thing is held, carried, or controlled; to manage or deal with something

Example

The suitcase has a sturdy handle that makes it easy to carry through the airport.

スーツケースには空港で運ぶのが簡単な丈夫な取っ手があります。

C2 adjective /ˈfætʃuəs/

fatuous

愚か

Meaning

silly or foolish, especially in a self-satisfied way

Example

His fatuous comments during the meeting annoyed everyone.

会議中に彼の愚かなコメントは皆を苛立たせました。

C2 adjective /ˌhɑːrdˈbɪtn̩/

hard-bitten

頑固で経験豊富

Meaning

tough and experienced, not easily affected by emotions or hardship

Example

The hard-bitten detective showed no sign of surprise at the crime scene.

その経験豊富な探偵は犯罪現場で驚きの兆候を見せませんでした。

B2 verb ˈɛkəʊd

echoed

反響する

Meaning

To repeat or resound; to be reminiscent of something.

Example

The words of gratitude echoed in his heart.

感謝の言葉が彼の心に反響した。

B2 noun /rɪˈfɔːr.mər/

Reformer

改革者

Meaning

a person who works to bring about positive changes in society or institutions

Example

The social reformer dedicated her life to improving education for all children.

社会的な改革者は、すべての子供たちの教育を改善するために自分の人生を捧げました。

A2 verb /ˌdɪsəˈpɪər/

disappear

消える

Meaning

to cease to be visible; to vanish

Example

The magician made the rabbit disappear.

マジシャンはウサギを消した。

C2 noun /ˌsɒ̃ˈfrwɑː/

sang-froid

冷静

Meaning

Composure or coolness, especially in difficult situations.

Example

The leader handled the crisis with remarkable sang-froid.

リーダーは危機を見事な冷静さで対処しました。

B2 noun /ˈfɒsɪl/

fossil

化石

Meaning

the remains or impression of a prehistoric plant or animal embedded in rock

Example

The fossil of a dinosaur was discovered in the mountains.

山で恐竜の化石が発見されました。

C1 noun ˌɪn.ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si

inefficiency

非効率

Meaning

The state or quality of not achieving maximum productivity; failure to make the best use of time or resources.

Example

Government inefficiency leads to slow project completion.

政府の非効率性がプロジェクトの完了を遅らせる。

C1 noun /ˈdʒɒt.ər/

Jotter

メモ帳

Meaning

a small notebook for writing quick notes or reminders

Example

The student carried a jotter to write down important points during lectures.

学生は講義中に重要なポイントを書き留めるためにメモ帳を持っていました。

C2 noun /sɑːrˈkɒfəɡəs/

sarcophagus

石棺

Meaning

A stone coffin, often decorated, used in ancient times.

Example

The museum displayed a beautifully carved sarcophagus from ancient Egypt.

博物館には古代エジプトからの美しく彫刻された石棺が展示されていました。

C2 verb /ˌɪnkəˈpæsɪteɪt/

incapacitate

無力化する

Meaning

to deprive someone or something of the ability or strength to function

Example

The severe injury incapacitated the player for the rest of the season.

その重傷はプレーヤーをシーズンの残りの期間無力化させた。

C2 noun ˈsaɪəns ˈdezət

science-desert

科学の砂漠

Meaning

A region or area lacking in scientific development, research facilities, or educational institutions.

Example

J.C. Bose thrived in a science-desert.

J.C. ボースは科学の砂漠で成功を収めました。

C2 noun /skriːd/

screed

長く退屈な文書

Meaning

a long, tedious piece of writing or speech; also a layer of material like cement spread on a surface

Example

He delivered a long screed against corruption.

彼は腐敗に反対する長いスピーチをしました。

C2 noun /ˌɪkθiˈɒlədʒɪst/

ichthyologist

魚類学者

Meaning

A scientist who studies fish.

Example

The ichthyologist discovered a new species of fish in the river.

魚類学者は川で新しい魚の種を発見しました。

C1 noun /rɪˈfɜːrər/

referrer

紹介者

Meaning

a person who directs someone to another person or service

Example

The referrer earned a bonus for recommending a new client.

紹介者は新しい顧客を推薦したことでボーナスを得ました。

C2 adjective /səˈræfɪk/

seraphic

天使のような

Meaning

Of or like a seraph; angelic, pure, and blissful.

Example

She gave him a seraphic smile that calmed his fears.

彼女は彼に天使のような微笑みをくれて、彼の恐れを和らげた。

C1 noun ɪnˈsɛpʃən

inception

始まり

Meaning

The establishment or starting point of an institution or activity.

Example

The inception of the company marked a new era in the industry.

その企業のインセプションは業界に新しい時代を築きました。

C1 adjective /ˌʌnˈpɑr.də.nə.bəl/

Unpardonable

許されざる

Meaning

too bad to be forgiven; inexcusable

Example

His betrayal of trust was an unpardonable offense.

彼の裏切りは許されざる犯罪でした。

C2 adjective /juːˈʒʊəriəs/

usurious

高利貸しの

Meaning

Charging excessively high interest rates on loans.

Example

The bank was accused of offering loans at usurious rates.

銀行は高利貸しの金利で融資を提供したとして告発されました。

C1 noun /ˌsəʊ.ʃi.əʊˈek.ə.nɒm.ɪk ˈprɒɡ.res/

socioeconomic progress

社会経済的進歩

Meaning

Advancement in both social and economic conditions of a society or community.

Example

Socioeconomic progress uplifts marginalized communities.

社会経済的進歩は、疎外されたコミュニティを引き上げます。

A1 preposition, adverb /əˈbaʊt/

about

について

Meaning

concerning; on the subject of; approximately

Example

We talked about the new project yesterday.

昨日、私たちは新しいプロジェクトについて話しました。

B2 noun/verb /ˈpriːfɪks/

prefix

接頭辞; 前に何かを追加する

Meaning

a word, letter, or number placed before another; as a verb, to add something in front of something else

Example

Developers often prefix variables with an underscore.

開発者はしばしば変数にアンダースコアをプレフィックスとして追加します。

B1 verb /dɪˈliːt/

delete

Meaning

to remove or erase something, especially written or recorded information

Example

He accidentally deleted all the files from his computer.

Meaning

To find and criticize small or unimportant faults in someone or something.

Example

She tends to nitpick about every little detail.

B1 adjective /ˈiːvəl/

evil

邪悪

Meaning

Profoundly immoral and wicked.

Example

They believed the villain was the embodiment of evil.

彼らは悪役が邪悪の具現であると信じていた。

A2 noun /lɪst/

List

リスト

Meaning

a number of connected items or names written or printed consecutively, typically one below the other

Example

Make a list of things you need to buy.

買うべきもののリストを作成してください。

C1 noun ˌdep.əˈzɪʃ.ən

deposition

堆積、何かを堆積させるプロセス

Meaning

The action of depositing something; the laying down of matter by a natural process.

Example

River deposition leads to the formation of new landmasses.

河川の堆積は新しい大陸の形成をもたらします。

A2 noun /bɪər/

beer

ビール

Meaning

An alcoholic drink made from yeast-fermented malt flavored with hops.

Example

He ordered a glass of cold beer at the bar.

彼はバーで冷たいビールを注文した。

B2 adjective /əˈpəʊzd/

opposed

反対の

Meaning

being against or in disagreement with something

Example

She is strongly opposed to animal testing.

彼女は動物実験に強く反対しています。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɛndɪŋ/

impending

差し迫った

Meaning

about to happen soon, usually something unpleasant or threatening

Example

The villagers were worried about the impending flood.

村人たちは差し迫った洪水を心配していた。

B2 noun /ˈdel.ɪ.ɡət/

Delegate

代表

Meaning

a person chosen or elected to act for or represent others; representative

Example

Each country sent a delegate to participate in the international conference.

各国は国際会議に参加するために代表を派遣しました。

B1 adjective /ɪˈliː.ɡəl/

illegal

違法

Meaning

Not allowed by law; unlawful.

Example

It is illegal to drive without a valid license.

有効な免許なしで運転することは違法です。

B2 noun /ˈlɒk.ɪt/

Locket

ロケットペンダント

Meaning

a small ornamental case, typically made of gold or silver, worn on a chain around the neck

Example

She kept her grandmother's photo in the locket.

彼女は祖母の写真をロケットペンダントに入れていました。

C1 verb, noun /træmp/

tramp

放浪者 / 重い足取りで歩く

Meaning

to walk heavily or noisily; a person who travels from place to place on foot, often homeless

Example

They tramped through the forest in heavy boots.

彼らは重いブーツを履いて森の中を歩きました。

B1 noun ɪˈkɒnəmiːz

economies

経済

Meaning

The wealth and resources of a country or region.

Example

Emerging economies have been growing rapidly over the past decade.

新興経済は過去10年間で急速に成長しています。

B2 noun /ˈtrɒli/

Troly

トロリー

Meaning

an electric vehicle that runs on rails or tracks in the street

Example

The trolley runs through the city center every fifteen minutes.

トロリーは市内中心を15分ごとに走ります。

B2 noun /məˈtʃʊrəti/

Maturity

成熟

Meaning

The state of being mature; full development physically or emotionally

Example

With age comes wisdom and emotional maturity.

年齢とともに知恵と感情的成熟が訪れる。

B2 adjective ˌprəʊˈæk.tɪv

proactive

積極的

Meaning

Taking action by causing change and not only reacting to change when it happens.

Example

Proactive strategies are needed to combat scarcity.

不足に対処するために積極的な戦略が必要です。

C1 adjective /ˈpɔːrəs/

porous

多孔性の

Meaning

Having tiny holes that allow liquid or air to pass through.

Example

The soil is very porous and drains quickly.

土壌は非常に多孔性で、すぐに水を排出します。

C2 noun /rɪˈdʒɔɪndər/

rejoinder

返答

Meaning

a quick or witty reply; a response to a remark or argument

Example

His sharp rejoinder silenced the crowd.

彼の鋭い返答が群衆を沈黙させた。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈkɒŋɡruənt/

incongruent

不一致な

Meaning

Not in harmony or keeping with the surroundings or other aspects.

Example

His casual outfit looked incongruent at the formal dinner.

彼のカジュアルな服装は正式なディナーで不一致に見えた。

C1 noun /kənˈfɔːrməns/

conformance

適合性

Meaning

The act of conforming to a rule, standard, or law.

Example

The product was tested for conformance with safety standards.

製品は安全基準に対する適合性がテストされました。

C2 noun /əˈnæb.ə.lɪ.zəm/

anabolism

アナボリズム

Meaning

The set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units, involving tissue repair and growth.

Example

Anabolism is essential for muscle growth and tissue repair.

アナボリズムは筋肉の成長と組織の修復に不可欠です。

C1 adjective səˈsaɪ.ə.təl

societal

社会的

Meaning

Relating to society or social relationships.

Example

Societal benefits of space tourism are under debate.

宇宙観光の社会的利点が議論されています。

B1 verb /ʃuːt/

shoot

撃つ / 写真を撮る

Meaning

to fire a bullet or arrow from a weapon; to take a photograph or film

Example

He learned how to shoot a bow and arrow.

彼は弓と矢で射撃する方法を学んだ。

A1 noun /ˈfriː taɪm/

free time

自由時間

Meaning

time when a person is not working or occupied and can do activities they enjoy

Example

She likes to read books in her free time.

彼女は自由時間に本を読むのが好きです。

B2 noun /ˈæbi/

abbey

修道院

Meaning

A large church building or monastery where monks or nuns live, work, and worship.

Example

The old abbey on the hill attracts many tourists each year.

丘の上の古い修道院は毎年多くの観光客を引き寄せます。

B2 noun /braʊ/

brow

額

Meaning

the part of the face above the eyes; forehead

Example

She wiped the sweat from her brow.

彼女は額の汗を拭った。

C2 adjective /ˈliːwərd/

leeward

風下の側

Meaning

On or toward the sheltered side away from the wind.

Example

They built their camp on the leeward side of the hill.

彼らは丘の風下の側にキャンプを建てました。

C1 noun /vɪˈvæsɪti/

vivacity

活力

Meaning

The quality of being lively, animated, and full of energy.

Example

The child’s vivacity brightened the entire room.

子供の活力は部屋全体を明るくしました。

B2 adjective /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

insignificant

重要でない

Meaning

Too small or unimportant to be worth considering.

Example

The cost was so insignificant that nobody noticed it.

そのコストは重要でなく、誰もそれに気づかなかった。

C1 noun /aɪˈdiː.ə.lɪ.zəm/

Idealism

理想主義

Meaning

the pursuit of high principles and noble goals; unrealistic pursuit of perfection

Example

His youthful idealism motivated him to join various social justice movements.

彼の若い理想主義は、彼を様々な社会正義運動に参加させる原動力となった。

C2 adjective /ˈbeɪlfəl/

baleful

威圧的な

Meaning

Threatening harm; menacing or expressing hatred.

Example

She gave him a baleful look after the insult.

侮辱の後、彼女は彼に威圧的な目を向けた。

C2 noun, adjective /ˌæntiˌspæzˈmɒdɪk/

antispasmodic

抗痙攣薬

Meaning

A drug or agent that relieves or prevents muscle spasms.

Example

The doctor prescribed an antispasmodic to ease the pain.

医者は痛みを和らげるために抗痙攣薬を処方しました。

A2 noun /ˈwʌndər/

wonder

驚異

Meaning

a feeling of amazement and admiration, caused by something beautiful, remarkable, or unfamiliar

Example

The view from the mountain was a true wonder.

山からの景色は本当に驚異的でした。

C1 noun /ˈɔːnɪŋ/

awning

オーニング

Meaning

a sheet of canvas or material stretched on a frame to shelter a place from the sun or rain

Example

We sat under the awning to avoid the heavy rain.

私たちは大雨を避けるためにオーニングの下に座っていました。

A2 noun /ˈɪndʒəri/

injury

怪我

Meaning

Harm or damage to a person’s body caused by an accident or attack.

Example

He suffered a serious injury during the football match.

彼はサッカーの試合中に重傷を負った。

B1 adjective /ˈkriːmi/

creamy

クリームのような滑らかでリッチな質感

Meaning

having a smooth, rich texture like cream

Example

She poured a creamy sauce over the pasta.

彼女はパスタにクリーミーなソースをかけた。

C1 noun əˈɡrɛriən səˈsaɪətiz

agrarian societies

農業社会

Meaning

Societies based on agriculture and farming as the primary economic activity.

Example

Agrarian societies emerged from a need for stable food sources.

農業社会は安定した食料源の必要性から生まれました。

B2 noun/adjective /ˌædəˈlɛsənt/

adolescent

思春期の人

Meaning

A young person in the process of developing from a child into an adult.

Example

Adolescents often experience rapid physical and emotional changes.

思春期の人々はしばしば急速な身体的および感情的な変化を経験します。

C2 verb /bɪˈsmɪər/

besmear

汚す

Meaning

to smear or cover with a sticky or dirty substance; to soil

Example

His clothes were besmeared with mud.

彼の服は泥で汚れていた。

A1 determiner /sʌtʃ/

such

そんな

Meaning

of the type previously mentioned or specified

Example

I have never seen such a beautiful painting.

私はこんな美しい絵を見たことがありません。

B2 noun /ˌriː.ɪnˈfɔːrs.mənt/

reinforcement

強化

Meaning

Strengthening or supporting something, especially behavior or learning.

Example

Positive reinforcement helps in learning.

積極的な強化は学習に役立ちます。

B1 noun fʌnd

fund

基金

Meaning

A sum of money saved or made available for a particular purpose.

Example

The government allocated a fund for disaster relief.

政府は災害救援のために基金を割り当てました。

B1 noun /sərˈtɪfɪkət/

certificate

証明書

Meaning

a document serving as proof of achievement or qualification

Example

She received a certificate for completing the course.

彼女はコースを修了したため、証明書を受け取った。