C1 noun/verb /reɪn/

rein

Meaning

A strap used to control a horse; to control or guide something.

Example

The rider pulled the rein to stop the horse.

C2 verb /ˈsɛreɪt/

serrate

ギザギザの縁を作る

Meaning

To make a saw-toothed edge or notched margin.

Example

The craftsman serrated the knife blade for better cutting.

職人はより良い切断のためにナイフの刃をセレイトしました。

A2 noun/verb /ˈsaɪkl/

cycle

サイクル / 自転車

Meaning

a series of events that repeat in the same order; or to ride a bicycle

Example

She cycles to school every day.

彼女は毎日自転車で学校に行きます。

C2 noun /dɪˈdʒɛnərəsi/

degeneracy

退化

Meaning

The state of decline or deterioration, often in moral, cultural, or physical qualities.

Example

The novel portrays the moral degeneracy of a corrupt society.

その小説は腐敗した社会の道徳的退化を描いています。

C1 verb /ˈɡloʊbəlaɪz/

globalize

グローバル化する

Meaning

to make something worldwide in scope or application; to integrate into a global system

Example

Many companies globalize their operations to reach international markets.

多くの企業は国際市場に進出するため事業をグローバル化する。

C2 verb /ˈblʌdʒən/

bludgeon

鈍器で殴る

Meaning

to hit someone with a heavy object; to force someone into doing something

Example

The guard was bludgeoned by the attacker in the alley.

ガードは小道で攻撃者に鈍器で殴られた。

C1 noun /məˈrɑːl/

Morale

士気; 精神

Meaning

the confidence, enthusiasm, and discipline of a person or group

Example

The team's morale improved after the victory.

チームの士気は勝利後に改善された。

B2 verb /ˈsɜːrkjəˌleɪt/

circulate

循環する, 動く

Meaning

to move continuously or freely through a closed system or area

Example

Air circulated freely in the open hall.

空気は開かれたホールで自由に循環していました。

B1 noun ˈtɑː.ɡɪt

target

目標

Meaning

An object, person, or place selected as the aim of an attack or focus of attention.

Example

Achieving energy targets is critical for global progress.

エネルギー目標の達成は、世界的進展にとって非常に重要です。

C1 noun /ˈmɒn.ɑːk/

Monarch

君主

Meaning

a sovereign ruler, especially a king or queen

Example

The monarch addressed the nation on television.

モナークはテレビで国民に演説を行いました。

C1 verb /sərˈmaʊnt/

surmount

克服する

Meaning

to overcome a difficulty or obstacle

Example

He surmounted all the challenges to achieve his dream.

彼はすべての挑戦を乗り越えて夢を実現しました。

C2 verb /daʊz/

dowse

水や鉱物を占いの棒で探す; または液体で浸すまたは消火する。

Meaning

To search for underground water or minerals using a divining rod; also to drench or extinguish with liquid.

Example

The farmer tried to dowse for water in the dry field.

農夫は乾燥した畑で水を探すためにダウズしようとした。

C1 noun, verb /pliːt/

pleat

プリーツ

Meaning

a fold in fabric made by doubling the material back upon itself

Example

She added a pleat to the skirt for extra volume.

彼女はスカートにボリュームを加えるためにプリーツを入れました。

C1 noun /ˈvɔːrtɛks/

vortex

渦巻き

Meaning

A mass of whirling fluid or air, especially a whirlpool or whirlwind.

Example

The plane was caught in a dangerous vortex of air.

飛行機は危険な空気の渦巻きに巻き込まれました。

C2 noun /ˈaɪsinəs/

iciness

冷たさ

Meaning

The state of being cold in manner or temperature.

Example

There was a distinct iciness in his voice.

彼の声には明確な冷たさがあった。

B1 noun /ˌfɜːrst ˈeɪd/

first aid

応急処置

Meaning

Immediate assistance given to a sick or injured person until full medical treatment is available

Example

He gave first aid to the injured cyclist before the ambulance arrived.

彼は救急車が来る前に、負傷した自転車乗りに応急処置を施した。

B2 noun /ˈaʊtˌskɜːrt/

outskirt

郊外

Meaning

the outer edge or border of a town or city

Example

They built a new factory on the outskirts of the city.

彼らは街の郊外に新しい工場を建てました。

C2 noun /ˈɔːldər/

alder

アルダーの木

Meaning

A type of tree from the birch family that typically grows in wet ground and has simple, serrated leaves.

Example

The alder trees grew thick along the riverbank.

アルダーの木は川のほとりに密に成長していました。

C1 noun /ˈmɑːrtər/

Martyr

殉教者

Meaning

A person who is killed because of their religious or political beliefs

Example

He became a martyr for the cause of freedom and democracy.

彼は自由と民主主義のために殉教者となった。

A2 noun /wʊlf/

Wolf

オオカミ

Meaning

a wild carnivorous mammal which is the largest member of the dog family

Example

The wolf howled at the full moon.

オオカミは満月に向かって遠吠えした。

C1 noun ˈæltruɪzəm

altruism

利他主義、他者の幸福に対する無私の配慮

Meaning

The belief in or practice of disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others.

Example

His altruism motivated others to volunteer.

彼の利他主義は他の人々にボランティアをするように促した。

C1 verb /ˈprɒpəɡeɪt/

propagate

Meaning

To spread or transmit an idea, belief, or information widely; also to reproduce in plants or animals.

Example

Scientists work to propagate the species in captivity.

B1 adverb /ɪˈfɛktɪvli/

effectively

効果的に

Meaning

in a way that produces the desired result; efficiently and successfully

Example

The team worked together effectively to finish the project on time.

チームはプロジェクトを時間通りに終わらせるために効果的に一緒に働きました。

B1 verb /rɪˈleɪt/

relate

underprivileged groups

恵まれないグループ

Meaning

Groups of people who lack basic necessities or advantages that are available to other members of society.

Example

Underprivileged groups benefit from social initiatives.

恵まれないグループは社会的なイニシアティブから利益を得ます。

C2 adjective /ˈprɪɡɪʃ/

priggish

道徳的で自己満足な

Meaning

self-righteously moralistic and superior

Example

He came across as priggish when correcting everyone's manners.

彼は皆のマナーを直すとき、プリギッシュに見えた。

C2 adjective /ˈfraʊzi/

frowsy

だらしない

Meaning

Scruffy and neglected in appearance; musty or stale in smell.

Example

He wore a frowsy old jacket that smelled of damp.

彼はだらしない古いジャケットを着ていて、それは湿気の匂いがしました。

C1 adjective /rɪˈpen.tənt/

Repentant

後悔している; 反省している; 悔いている

Meaning

feeling or expressing sincere regret and remorse; sorry for one's actions

Example

The repentant thief returned the stolen money.

後悔している泥棒は盗んだお金を返しました。

B1 noun /ˈpʌblɪʃɪŋ/

publishing

Meaning

the business or activity of preparing and issuing books, journals, or other material for sale

Example

He works in the publishing industry as an editor.

C2 noun /ˈprɒsədi/

prosody

韻律学

Meaning

The patterns of rhythm and sound used in poetry and speech.

Example

The professor explained how prosody affects the mood of a poem.

教授は、韻律学が詩のムードにどのように影響するかを説明しました。

B2 verb /kriːp/

creep

這う

Meaning

to move slowly and quietly; to make someone feel uncomfortable

Example

She crept quietly up the stairs to avoid waking anyone.

彼女は誰も起こさないように静かに階段を上がった。

A2 noun /ˈlaɪ.ən/

Lion

ライオン

Meaning

a large tawny-colored cat that lives in prides, found in Africa and northwestern India

Example

The lion roared loudly in the savanna.

ライオンはサバンナで大きな声で吠えた。

C1 verb /doʊt/

dote

溺愛する

Meaning

to show excessive love or fondness for someone or something

Example

She tends to dote on her grandchildren.

彼女は孫たちに溺愛する傾向があります。

C1 noun /ˈɪm.pæs/

impasse

行き詰まり

Meaning

A situation where no progress is possible.

Example

The negotiations reached an impasse, delaying the agreement.

交渉は行き詰まり、合意が遅れた。

B2 verb /ˌoʊvərˈkʌm/

overcome

克服する

Meaning

To succeed in dealing with a problem or difficulty.

Example

You can overcome procrastination with planning.

計画を立てて先延ばしを克服できます。

B2 adjective /ˈdʒɔɪfəl/

joyful

喜ばしい

Meaning

full of joy and happiness; causing joy or delight

Example

She felt joyful when she heard the good news.

彼女は良い知らせを聞いて喜ばしい気持ちになった。

C2 verb /ˈrʌstɪkeɪt/

rusticate

田舎に行く / 大学から一時的に追放する

Meaning

To go to the countryside or to suspend someone from university.

Example

He decided to rusticate in the village to escape the busy city life.

彼は忙しい都市生活から逃れるために村に行くことを決めました。

C2 noun /məˈlɛvələns/

malevolence

悪意

Meaning

The state or condition of being malevolent; having or showing a wish to do evil to others.

Example

His malevolence was clear in the cruel way he treated his rivals.

彼の悪意は、彼がライバルを扱う残忍な方法において明らかだった。

C1 noun /ˈstætʃuːt/

statute

法律

Meaning

A written law passed by a legislative body.

Example

The new statute protects workers' rights.

新しい法律は労働者の権利を保護します。

C2 noun /əbˈdʌktər/

abductor

誘拐犯

Meaning

a person who kidnaps or forcibly takes someone away

Example

The police arrested the abductor after a nationwide search.

警察は長い捜索の後で誘拐犯を逮捕した。

C1 noun /ˌdʒiːniˈælədʒi/

genealogy

系図学

Meaning

The study and tracing of lines of descent or family history.

Example

She spent years researching her family's genealogy.

彼女は家族の系図学を研究するのに何年も費やしました。

B1 noun /tʌn/

ton

トン

Meaning

A unit of weight equal to 2,000 pounds (US) or 1,000 kilograms (metric); a large amount of something

Example

The truck carried a ton of apples to the market.

トラックは市場に1トンのリンゴを運んだ。

C1 noun prɪˈdɪk.ə.mənt

predicament

苦境

Meaning

A difficult, unpleasant, or embarrassing situation.

Example

Losing both jobs put him in a financial predicament.

両方の仕事を失ったことで、彼は経済的な苦境に陥った。

C1 verb /ˈdʒepərdaɪz/

jeopardize

危険にさらす

Meaning

to put something at risk of being damaged or destroyed

Example

His reckless behavior could jeopardize his career.

彼の無謀な行動は彼のキャリアを危険にさらす可能性がある。

B2 noun /ˈmɪn.ɪ.stri/

Ministry

省庁

Meaning

A government department responsible for a particular area of public administration

Example

The Ministry of Education announced new policies for schools.

教育省は学校のための新しい政策を発表しました。

C1 adjective /klænˈdɛstaɪn/

clandestine

Meaning

kept secret or done secretly, especially for illicit purposes

Example

They held a clandestine meeting late at night.

B2 noun /ˌkɑm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/

Compensation

補償; 報酬

Meaning

something given or received as an equivalent for services, debt, loss, injury, or suffering; payment or reward

Example

The company provided financial compensation to the workers injured in the accident.

会社は事故で負傷した労働者に対して経済的な補償を提供しました。

C1 noun /ˈhɜː.mɪt/

Hermit

宗教的な修行として孤独に生きる人；社会から退く人

Meaning

a person living in solitude as a religious discipline; someone who withdraws from society

Example

The old hermit lived alone in a small cabin deep in the mountains, away from civilization.

その老いたハーミットは文明から遠く離れた山の中の小さな小屋で一人で暮らしていた。

C1 adjective /əˈmiːnəbl/

amenable

協力的

Meaning

willing to cooperate or be influenced; open to suggestions

Example

She was amenable to the idea of working longer hours.

彼女は長時間働くという考えに賛成だった。

C2 noun /ˈfriːˌbuːtər/

freebooter

海賊

Meaning

A pirate or plunderer who roams freely in search of wealth.

Example

The freebooter raided the merchant ships along the coast.

海賊は沿岸の商船を襲った。

C1 preposition/adverb/conjunction /ˌnɒtwɪθˈstændɪŋ/

notwithstanding

それにもかかわらず

Meaning

In spite of; despite

Example

Notwithstanding the challenges, the team completed the project.

挑戦にもかかわらず、チームはプロジェクトを完了させました。

C2 verb /rɪˈpaɪn/

repine

嘆く

Meaning

To feel or express discontent or to long for something.

Example

She did not repine at her misfortune but worked harder to improve her life.

彼女は不幸を嘆かず、より一生懸命に働いて生活を向上させました。

A2 adjective /miːn/

Mean

意地悪; 残酷; 嫌な

Meaning

unkind; cruel; nasty

Example

Don't be so mean to your little sister.

小さな妹にそんなに意地悪しないで。

C1 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈsɪdərət/

inconsiderate

思いやりがない

Meaning

Thoughtless; showing a lack of concern for others.

Example

It was inconsiderate of him to play loud music late at night.

夜遅くに大きな音で音楽を流すことは、思いやりがない行動でした。

B1 preposition, adverb, adjective /ˌʌndərˈniːθ/

underneath

下に、下側に

Meaning

Located directly below or beneath something

Example

The keys were hidden underneath the pile of papers.

鍵は紙の山の下に隠されていました。

C2 noun /kɪˈrɒpədɪst/

chiropodist

足病医

Meaning

A healthcare professional who diagnoses and treats foot problems.

Example

The chiropodist treated her painful corns and calluses.

足病医は彼女の痛いタコと鶏眼を治療した。

B2 verb rɪˈzaɪn

resign

辞任する

Meaning

Voluntarily leave a job or other position.

Example

Ministers were forced to resign.

大臣たちは辞任を余儀なくされました。

B1 adjective /ʌnˈkaɪnd/

Unkind

無愛想; 不親切

Meaning

cruel; not nice or caring toward others

Example

It was unkind of him to make fun of her appearance.

彼が彼女の外見をからかうのは不親切だった。

B2 noun /ˈɡræfɪks/

graphics

グラフィックス

Meaning

visual images, designs, or drawings used to convey information or artistic expression

Example

The website uses stunning graphics to attract visitors.

そのウェブサイトは訪問者を引き付けるために素晴らしいグラフィックスを使用しています。

C1 noun /ˈraɪtʃəsnəs/

righteousness

正義

Meaning

the quality of being morally right or justifiable

Example

His life was dedicated to righteousness and truth.

彼の人生は正義と真実に捧げられた。

C1 noun ˌiː.kəʊˈfrend.li ˌɜː.bən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

eco-friendly urbanization

エコフレンドリーな都市化

Meaning

The development of cities in a way that is not harmful to the environment.

Example

Eco-friendly urbanization reduces environmental degradation.

エコフレンドリーな都市化は環境劣化を減少させます。

C2 adjective /ˈɡʌstəˌtɔːri/

gustatory

味覚の

Meaning

relating to the sense of taste

Example

The restaurant offered a gustatory experience unlike any other.

レストランは他に類を見ない味覚体験を提供しました。

C2 verb /aʊtˈraɪd/

outride

追い越す

Meaning

to ride faster, farther, or better than someone else

Example

The young rider managed to outride his competitors in the race.

若いライダーはレースで競技者たちを追い越しました。

B1 noun/verb /ˈmætərz/

matters

問題 / 重要である

Meaning

important topics, concerns, or issues; as a verb, to be of importance or significance

Example

What she thinks really matters to me.

彼女が思うことは私にとって本当に重要です。

C2 noun /ˈsɛm.ɪ.nɛr.i/

seminary

神学校

Meaning

A school or college for training priests, ministers, or rabbis.

Example

He decided to enroll in a seminary to study theology.

彼は神学校に入学して神学を学ぶことに決めました。

C2 adjective /rɪˈflɛksəbl/

reflexible

反射可能な

Meaning

Capable of being reflected or bent back.

Example

The surface was highly reflexible, bouncing light in different directions.

その表面は非常に反射可能で、光を異なる方向に反射させていました。

C2 verb ˈlev.ɪ.teɪ.tɪŋ

levitating

浮遊

Meaning

Rising and hovering in the air, especially as a result of supernatural or magical power.

Example

The levitating structure is an engineering marvel.

その浮遊する構造は工学の驚異です。

C2 verb /ˌriːkruːˈdɛs/

recrudesce

再発

Meaning

to break out or appear again after a period of dormancy or decline

Example

After months of calm, violence recrudesced in the region.

数ヶ月の静けさの後、暴力が再発しました地域で。

C2 adjective /ˈbʌmpʃəs/

bumptious

自信過剰な

Meaning

Arrogantly self-assertive or conceited.

Example

The bumptious student interrupted the teacher several times.

その自信過剰な学生は何度も先生を遮った。

B2 noun ˈpɛstɪˌsaɪd

pesticide

農薬

Meaning

A substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals.

Example

The pesticide sprayed in the field killed the harmful insects.

畑に撒かれた農薬は有害な昆虫を殺しました。

C2 adjective /həˈrɛtɪkəl/

heretical

異端的な

Meaning

Relating to or characterized by departure from accepted beliefs or standards, especially in religion.

Example

The priest condemned the book as heretical.

神父はその本を異端的だとして非難した。

B2 verb /fʊlˈfɪl/

fulfill

実現する

Meaning

to complete or accomplish something, especially a task or promise

Example

He worked hard to fulfill his dreams.

彼は夢を実現するために一生懸命働きました。

C1 verb /kʌl/

cull

Meaning

to select or remove from a larger group, often to reduce numbers

Example

The farmers decided to cull the sick animals from the herd.

A2 preposition /ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/

including

含む

Meaning

used to show that someone or something is part of a larger group

Example

Many people attended the event, including students and teachers.

多くの人々がイベントに参加しました、学生や教師を含む。

C1 noun /ˈkɔːl.drən/

Cauldron

大釜

Meaning

a large metal pot with a lid and handle, used for cooking over a fire

Example

The witch stirred her potion in a large cauldron.

魔女は大きな鍋で薬をかき混ぜていた。

C1 noun /kənˈfɔːrmɪst/

conformist

コンフォーミスト

Meaning

A person who uncritically conforms to established practices or standards.

Example

She was labeled a conformist for always following the crowd.

彼女はいつも人々に従っていたため、コンフォーミストとレッテルを貼られた。

C1 verb /dɪˈzɪst/

desist

Meaning

to stop doing something, especially an action considered wrong or undesirable

Example

The judge ordered the company to desist from unfair practices.

B2 noun /ɪkˈspen.dɪ.tʃər/

expenditure

支出

Meaning

The action of spending funds; an amount of money spent.

Example

Managing expenditure is critical for budgeting.

支出の管理は予算編成において重要です。

C1 adverb /ˌɪn.ədˈvɜːr.tənt.li/

Inadvertently

うっかり; ついうっかり; 誤って

Meaning

without being aware of what you are doing; unintentionally; by mistake

Example

She inadvertently deleted the important file while cleaning her computer.

彼女はコンピュータを掃除しているとき、重要なファイルをうっかり削除してしまった。

A2 verb /rɪˈplaɪ/

reply

返事する

Meaning

to give an answer; to respond

Example

She replies to emails quickly.

彼女はすぐにメールに返信します。

B2 verb /ˈstʌmbəl/

stumble

つまずく

Meaning

to trip or lose balance while walking or running; to make a mistake or falter

Example

He stumbled on the uneven pavement.

彼はでこぼこな歩道でつまずいた。

C1 noun /ˈkɜːrnəl/

kernel

何かの中心; ナッツや種子の食べられる部分

Meaning

the central, most important part of something; the edible part of a nut or seed

Example

The kernel of the argument was about fairness.

議論の核心は公平についてでした。

C1 adjective /ˈspɪndli/

spindly

細くて弱い

Meaning

Long, thin, and weak-looking

Example

The spindly tree bent under the weight of the snow.

細い木が雪の重みで曲がった。

C1 adjective /ɪˈrɒtɪk/

erotic

エロティック

Meaning

relating to or tending to arouse sexual desire or excitement

Example

The novel contained several erotic scenes.

その小説にはいくつかのエロティックなシーンが含まれていました。

C1 adjective /ˌsɛlf ˈraɪtʃəs/

self-righteous

自己満足

Meaning

Having or showing an attitude of moral superiority; believing one’s own beliefs are the only right ones.

Example

His self-righteous comments made everyone uncomfortable.

彼の自己満足的なコメントは、みんなを不快にさせました。

C2 adjective /ɪˈlɪmɪtəbl/

illimitable

無限

Meaning

Without limits or bounds.

Example

The universe is often described as illimitable.

宇宙はしばしば無限であると説明されます。

A2 noun /ˈmaɪkroʊweɪv/

Microwave

電子レンジ

Meaning

an electric oven that uses electromagnetic radiation to heat food quickly

Example

She heated the leftover pizza in the microwave for two minutes.

彼女は残りのピザを電子レンジで2分間加熱しました。

B1 verb /ɪɡˈzɪst/

exist

存在する

Meaning

to have being or reality; to be present

Example

Dinosaurs existed millions of years ago.

恐竜は数百万年前に存在していました。

B1 noun /ˈfeɪ.ljər/

Failure

失敗

Meaning

lack of success; an unsuccessful person, enterprise, or thing

Example

The project's failure was due to poor planning and communication.

プロジェクトの失敗は、計画とコミュニケーションの不備によるものでした。

C1 noun /tækt/

tact

巧妙さ

Meaning

Adroitness and sensitivity in dealing with others or with difficult issues.

Example

He handled the situation with tact and professionalism.

彼は状況を巧妙さとプロフェッショナリズムで対処しました。

A2 noun /ɡoʊst/

Ghost

ゴースト

Meaning

an apparition of a dead person believed to be able to become visible to the living; a spirit

Example

The old mansion was rumored to be haunted by the ghost of its former owner.

その古い館は、前の所有者のゴーストによって幽霊が出ると噂されていました。

C2 noun /ɪnˈtɛɡ.jʊ.mənt/

integument

外皮

Meaning

A natural outer covering, such as skin, shell, or rind.

Example

The snake sheds its integument as it grows.

ヘビは成長するにつれて外皮を脱ぎます。

B2 noun /ˈtɜːrkwɔɪz/

turquoise

ターコイズ

Meaning

a greenish-blue color or gemstone

Example

She wore a necklace with a beautiful turquoise stone.

彼女は美しいターコイズの石を使ったネックレスをしていました。

B2 adjective səˈfɪs.tɪ.keɪ.tɪd

sophisticated

洗練された

Meaning

Having great knowledge or experience of the world and knowing about fashion, culture, and other things that people think are socially important; highly developed or complex.

Example

Sophisticated designs enhance aesthetics.

洗練されたデザインは美学を高めます。

C1 noun /ˌɪnkwɪˈzɪʃən/

inquisition

尋問

Meaning

A prolonged and intense questioning or investigation, often harsh in nature.

Example

The journalist faced an inquisition from the panel about his sources.

ジャーナリストは、自分の情報源に関するパネルからの厳しい尋問に直面した。

B1 adjective ˈkruː.ʃəl

crucial

重要な

Meaning

Decisive or critical, especially in the success or failure of something.

Example

Fault-tolerance is crucial for reliability.

フェイルオーバーは信頼性にとって重要です。

C1 noun /ˈpiːɒn/

peon

ピオン

Meaning

a low-ranking worker, often performing menial tasks

Example

The office peon delivered the files to each department.

オフィスのピオンは各部署にファイルを届けました。

C2 verb /kənˈdʒɔɪn/

conjoin

結合する

Meaning

to join together or unite; to combine

Example

The two rivers conjoin just before reaching the sea.

2つの川は海に到達する直前に合流します。

C1 adjective /kənˈdjuː.sɪv/

conducive

有益な

Meaning

Making a certain situation or outcome likely or possible; contributing to or helping to bring about.

Example

A quiet environment is conducive to studying.

静かな環境は勉強に有益です。

B1 noun freɪzɪz

phrases

フレーズ

Meaning

A small group of words standing together as a conceptual unit, typically forming a component of a clause.

Example

Learn common phrases for daily use.

日常的な使用のための一般的なフレーズを学びましょう。

B2 verb /dɪˈnaʊns/

denounce

非難する

Meaning

To publicly declare something to be wrong, evil, or condemn strongly.

Example

The leader denounced corruption in his speech.

リーダーはスピーチで汚職を非難しました。

C1 noun ˈkəmˌpaʊndɪŋ

compounding

複利

Meaning

The process whereby interest is added to an amount of money and future interest is calculated on the total.

Example

Compounding interest increases the value of investments over time.

複利は時間が経過するにつれて投資の価値を増加させます。

C2 adjective /ˈsɛrid/

serried

整列した

Meaning

pressed or crowded together, often in rows or ranks

Example

The soldiers stood in serried ranks, ready for inspection.

兵士たちは整列した行列で立って、点検の準備ができていました。

C1 adjective /rɪˈpliːt/

replete

満ちた

Meaning

Filled or well-supplied with something; abundantly full.

Example

The book is replete with fascinating historical details.

その本は魅力的な歴史的詳細で満ちています。

B2 noun /ˈbaɪoʊ ˌdeɪtə/

Bio-data

履歴書

Meaning

biographical data; a resume or curriculum vitae containing personal and professional information

Example

Please submit your bio-data along with the job application.

履歴書を求人応募書類と一緒に提出してください。

C1 noun ɪnˌten.sɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

intensification

強化

Meaning

The process of becoming or making something more intense or extreme.

Example

The intensification of climate change requires urgent action.

気候変動の強化は緊急の行動を必要とします。

B2 verb /wɛd/

wed

結婚する

Meaning

to marry someone; to enter into a marriage

Example

They decided to wed in a small ceremony by the beach.

彼らはビーチで小さな式を挙げることを決めました。

B1 adjective /ʌnˈsɜːrtən/

Uncertain

不確か

Meaning

not able to be relied on; not known or definite; not having reliable knowledge

Example

I am uncertain about my future career plans.

私は自分の将来のキャリア計画に不確かさを感じています。

C2 noun /kɒŋk/

Conch

貝殻

Meaning

a large sea shell that can be used as a horn; the marine mollusk that lives in such a shell

Example

The fisherman blew the conch shell to signal the end of the day.

漁師は一日の終わりを知らせるために貝殻を吹いた。

C2 noun /ˌpɛdəˈɡɒdʒɪks/

pedagogics

教育学

Meaning

the science or art of teaching

Example

He studied pedagogics to become a better teacher.

彼はより良い教師になるために教育学を学びました。

C1 noun /ˌpɪɡ.menˈteɪ.ʃən/

pigmentation

ピグメンテーション

Meaning

The natural coloring of animal or plant tissue.

Example

Excessive rubbing can cause pigmentation issues.

過度の摩擦はピグメンテーションの問題を引き起こす可能性があります。

B2 verb /ˈpɑːlɪʃ/

polish

磨く

Meaning

to make smooth and shiny by rubbing; to improve or refine

Example

She needs to polish her shoes before the interview.

面接前に靴を磨かなければならない。

B2 noun /ˈænsestri/

ancestry

家系

Meaning

one’s family origins or lineage

Example

He is proud of his royal ancestry.

彼は自分の王室の家系を誇りに思っています。

C2 verb /juˈzɜrp/

usurp

奪取

Meaning

to take someone's position of power illegally or by force

Example

The general tried to usurp the king's throne.

将軍は王の玉座を奪おうとした。

B1 noun /ˈkɒkˌteɪl/

cocktail

カクテル

Meaning

a mixed drink typically containing alcohol and other ingredients.

Example

She ordered a cocktail at the bar.

彼女はバーでカクテルを注文した。

C2 adjective /ˌkloʊs ˈhɔːld/

close-hauled

風上に最も近い帆走

Meaning

of a sailing ship, sailing as nearly as possible towards the direction from which the wind is blowing.

Example

The yacht was close-hauled as it cut through the waves.

ヨットは波を切りながら風上に近い方向で進んでいた。

B2 adjective dɪˈlɪbəreɪt

deliberate

意図的に行われた

Meaning

Done consciously and intentionally; carefully considered.

Example

His deliberate actions showed great care and thoughtfulness.

彼の意図的な行動は、大きな配慮と熟慮を示しました。

B2 noun pɪər ˈɪnfluəns

peer influence

仲間の影響

Meaning

The effect that members of a peer group have on each other, especially in terms of behavior, attitudes, and decision-making.

Example

Peer influence can shape juvenile behavior significantly.

仲間の影響は、若者の行動に大きな影響を与えることがあります。

B2 noun /ˌdɪsəˈpruːvəl/

disapproval

不賛成

Meaning

The expression of an unfavorable opinion or judgment

Example

Her parents showed clear disapproval of her decision to drop out of college.

彼女の両親は、大学を中退するという彼女の決定に明確な不賛成を示した。

C1 verb /ɪnˈsjuː/

ensue

結果として起こる

Meaning

to happen as a result or consequence

Example

After the argument, silence ensued.

議論の後、沈黙が続いた。

B1 verb /rɪˈvjuː/

review

レビュー

Meaning

to examine or assess something again; to write a critical evaluation

Example

I need to review my notes before the exam.

試験前にノートをレビューする必要があります。