C1 noun /rɪˈsaɪtl/

recital

リサイタル

Meaning

A performance of music, dance, or poetry, usually by a soloist.

Example

She gave a piano recital at the concert hall.

彼女はコンサートホールでピアノのリサイタルを行いました。

C1 noun /ˈpræɡmətɪst/

pragmatist

実利主義者

Meaning

A person who deals with things in a practical and realistic way.

Example

He is a true pragmatist who values results over ideals.

彼は結果を理想よりも重視する真の実利主義者です。

C2 noun /hɪˈdʒɛməni/ or /ˈhɛdʒəmoʊni/

hegemony

覇権

Meaning

leadership or dominance, especially by one state or group over others

Example

The empire maintained its hegemony over neighboring states.

帝国は隣国に対してその覇権を維持した。

B2 verb ˈtrɪɡərz

triggers

引き起こす

Meaning

To cause or initiate something to happen

Example

Air pollution triggers chronic diseases.

大気汚染は慢性疾患を引き起こします。

A1 adverb /nɪər/

Near

近い

Meaning

close in space or time; almost

Example

The school is very near to my house.

学校は私の家の近くにあります。

B1 noun /skɑːrf/

Scarf

スカーフ

Meaning

a length of fabric worn around the neck or head for warmth, protection, or fashion

Example

She wrapped a warm scarf around her neck in the cold weather.

彼女は寒い天気で暖かいスカーフを首に巻きました。

C2 noun /ˈtæmbər/ or /ˈtɪmbər/

timbre

音色

Meaning

The character or quality of a musical sound or voice as distinct from its pitch and intensity.

Example

Her voice had a warm timbre that soothed the audience.

彼女の声には温かみのある音色があり、聴衆を落ち着かせた。

A2 noun /stɔːrm/

Storm

嵐

Meaning

a violent weather condition with strong winds, rain, thunder, and lightning

Example

The storm caused power outages across the city.

嵐は市内全体で停電を引き起こしました。

B2 noun /fɪˈlɒs.ə.fi/

philosophy

哲学

Meaning

the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence

Example

Her philosophy emphasizes kindness and empathy.

彼女の哲学は親切さと共感を強調しています。

C1 noun/verb /ˈsaɪ.fər/

cipher

暗号

Meaning

A secret or disguised way of writing; a code; to put a message into secret writing.

Example

Military messages are protected using a cipher.

軍事的なメッセージは暗号を使って保護されます。

C1 noun /beɪl/

bale

束

Meaning

A large bundle of goods tightly wrapped and bound.

Example

The workers loaded the bale of cotton onto the truck.

作業員は綿の束をトラックに積み込んだ。

A1 noun /ˈfɛb.ruˌɛr.i/

february

2月

Meaning

The second month of the year in the Gregorian calendar, typically having 28 days, or 29 in a leap year.

Example

My birthday is in February, so I always look forward to this month.

私の誕生日は2月なので、いつもこの月を楽しみにしています。

A1 noun /kʌp/

Cup

カップ

Meaning

a small, round container, typically with a handle, used for drinking tea, coffee, or other hot beverages

Example

She drank tea from her favorite ceramic cup.

彼女はお気に入りの陶製カップからお茶を飲みました。

C1 noun /ˈʌp.raɪt.nəs/

Uprightness

誠実; 正直

Meaning

the quality of being honest and morally correct; integrity

Example

His uprightness in business dealings earned him great respect.

彼のビジネスでの正直さは、彼に大きな尊敬をもたらした。

B2 adverb /ˌɪndəˈrɛktli/

indirectly

間接的に

Meaning

in a way that is not direct; through an intermediate means or influence

Example

The policy affected small businesses indirectly.

その政策は中小企業に間接的に影響した。

B1 noun /ˈpæsɪdʒ/

passage

狭い通路; 断片/引用; 一つの状態や場所から他の場所へ移動するプロセス

Meaning

a narrow way through or between; a section of text or music; the process of moving from one state or place to another

Example

The narrow passage led from the courtyard to the library.

狭い通路は中庭から図書館へと続いていた。

B2 adjective /hɑːrˈmoʊ.ni.əs/

harmonious

調和の取れた, 一貫した, 統一された

Meaning

Characterized by agreement or concord; forming a pleasing or consistent whole.

Example

A harmonious work environment boosts productivity.

調和の取れた職場環境は生産性を高めます。

C2 adjective /ʌnˈsʌlid/

unsullied

汚れのない

Meaning

not spoiled or made impure; perfectly clean or pure

Example

His reputation remained unsullied despite the accusations.

彼の評判は告発にもかかわらず汚れのないままでした。

B2 adjective /ˌpoʊstˈwɔːr/

post-war

戦後の

Meaning

relating to the period after a war has ended

Example

The country experienced rapid economic growth in the post-war years.

その国は戦後の時代に急速な経済成長を遂げた。

C1 verb /ˈwɒb.l̩/

wobble

揺れる

Meaning

to move unsteadily from side to side; to shake or tremble slightly

Example

The table began to wobble when he leaned on it.

彼がそれに寄りかかったとき、テーブルは揺れ始めました。

A2 adjective /ˈplɛzənt/

pleasant

楽しい、快適な

Meaning

giving a sense of happiness, enjoyment, or satisfaction

Example

We had a pleasant evening at the park.

私たちは公園で楽しい夜を過ごしました。

C1 noun /ˈɪm.pæs/

impasse

行き詰まり

Meaning

A situation where no progress is possible.

Example

The negotiations reached an impasse, delaying the agreement.

交渉は行き詰まり、合意が遅れた。

B1 noun /ˈɑp.ʃən/

Option

オプション

Meaning

a thing that is or may be chosen; an alternative course of action

Example

You have the option to work from home or office.

自宅またはオフィスから仕事をするオプションがあります。

C1 noun /ˈɪn.tə.mə.si/

Intimacy

親密さ; 親しみ

Meaning

close familiarity or friendship; closeness; a private cozy atmosphere

Example

The couple valued the emotional intimacy they shared more than material possessions.

そのカップルは物質的な所有物よりも、共有した感情的な親密さを大切にしていました。

A2 noun ˈkɜːrɪdʒ

courage

勇気

Meaning

The ability to do something that frightens one; bravery.

Example

Courage is essential in the face of challenges.

挑戦に直面したとき、勇気が不可欠です。

C2 adjective /ɪkˈskɜːsɪv/

excursive

逸脱した

Meaning

Tending to digress or wander; moving away from the main subject.

Example

His excursive lecture left the students confused about the main topic.

彼の逸脱した講義は、学生たちを主題について混乱させました。

C1 verb /ˈʃɪmər/

shimmer

きらめく

Meaning

To shine with a soft, wavering light.

Example

The lake shimmered under the moonlight.

湖は月光の下で輝いていました。

C2 noun /ɪnˈkʌmbrəns/

encumbrance

負担 / 障害

Meaning

a burden or obstacle that makes progress or movement difficult

Example

Debt can become a serious encumbrance in life.

借金は人生で深刻な障害となる可能性があります。

A2 adjective /skɛrd/

scared

怖がっている

Meaning

feeling afraid or worried

Example

She was scared of the dark.

彼女は暗闇を怖がっていた。

C2 adjective /ɪˈfiːt/

effete

無力

Meaning

Lacking vitality, strength, or effectiveness; weak and overrefined.

Example

The empire became effete after centuries of indulgence.

帝国は何世代にもわたる享楽の後、無力になった。

A1 adjective, noun, adverb, verb (past tense of leave) /lɛft/

left

左

Meaning

on or towards the side of the body that is to the west when facing north

Example

He turned left at the intersection.

彼は交差点で左に曲がった。

B2 noun, adjective /hjuːˌmænɪˈtɛəriən/

humanitarian

人道主義者

Meaning

A person who seeks to promote human welfare, or something relating to human welfare and compassion.

Example

The organization provides humanitarian aid to disaster victims.

その組織は災害の被害者に人道的支援を提供します。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnɪˈsɛnʃəl/

inessential

本質的でない

Meaning

not necessary or important; not essential

Example

The report removes all inessential details to stay focused.

その報告書は焦点を保つために本質的でない詳細を削除している。

B1 adjective /ʌnˈedjʊkeɪtɪd/

Uneducated

未教育; 教育を受けていない

Meaning

lacking education; not having received formal schooling or training

Example

Many uneducated workers struggle to find well-paying jobs.

多くの未教育の労働者は、良い給料の仕事を見つけるのに苦労しています。

C1 verb /ˈpærəfreɪz/

paraphrase

幸福

Meaning

To express the meaning of something using different words, often to make it clearer.

Example

The teacher asked the students to paraphrase the poem in their own words.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠せなかった。

C1 verb, adjective, noun /spruːs/

spruce

整える / 一種の木

Meaning

to make neat or tidy in appearance; also refers to an evergreen tree

Example

He spruced up his room before the guests arrived.

彼はゲストが到着する前に部屋を整えました。

C1 adjective /ʌnˈtʌtʃəbəl/

Untouchable

触れられない; 批判や攻撃を受けない

Meaning

not able to be touched or affected; beyond criticism or attack

Example

The CEO seemed untouchable despite the scandal.

CEOはスキャンダルにもかかわらず、アンタッチャブルのように見えた。

C1 noun məˈnjʊər

manure

肥料, 家畜の糞

Meaning

Animal dung used for fertilizing land; organic matter used as fertilizer.

Example

Organic manure enhances soil fertility.

有機肥料は土壌の肥沃度を高めます。

C2 noun /ˌdɪsrɪˈpjuːt/

disrepute

悪名

Meaning

the state of being held in low esteem or having a bad reputation

Example

The scandal brought the politician into disrepute.

そのスキャンダルは政治家を悪名に追いやった。

B1 adjective /ˈɜːrbən/

urban

都市的な

Meaning

related to, characteristic of, or situated in a city or town

Example

Urban areas often have higher population density than rural areas.

都市部は、農村部よりも人口密度が高いことがよくあります。

C1 adjective /ɪˈnɔːɡjərəl/

Inaugural

開幕

Meaning

marking the beginning of something; first; opening

Example

The president delivered his inaugural speech.

大統領は彼の開幕スピーチを行いました。

C1 noun ˌhaɪ.drəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl ˈsaɪ.kəl

hydrological cycle

水文循環

Meaning

The cycle of processes by which water circulates between the earth's oceans, atmosphere, and land.

Example

The hydrological cycle ensures continuous water movement in nature.

水文循環は自然界での水の連続的な動きを保証します。

C2 noun /ˌjuːnɪˈtɛəriən/

unitarian

ユニタリアン

Meaning

A person who believes that God exists as one entity rather than as a Trinity; a member of a religious denomination that emphasizes individual freedom of belief.

Example

The Unitarian church is known for its inclusive and open-minded approach.

ユニタリアン教会は、その包括的で開かれた考え方で知られています。

A1 noun/adjective /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

english

英語

Meaning

The language of England, widely spoken around the world; relating to England or its people.

Example

She is learning English to study abroad.

彼女は海外で勉強するために英語を学んでいます。

C2 noun /ˈɡræn.tɔːr/

grantor

譲渡者

Meaning

A person or entity that makes a grant or transfers property or rights to another.

Example

The grantor transferred the property rights to the nonprofit organization.

譲渡者は、財産権を非営利団体に譲渡しました。

C2 verb /ˈæntɪkweɪt/

antiquate

時代遅れにする

Meaning

To make something old-fashioned or obsolete.

Example

The rise of digital cameras antiquated traditional film photography.

デジタルカメラの台頭は、従来のフィルム写真を時代遅れにした。

B1 noun /ˈɡroʊ.sər/

Grocer

食料品店

Meaning

a person who sells food and household goods in a shop

Example

The grocer has fresh vegetables and fruits in his store.

食料品店には新鮮な果物や野菜があります。

C1 noun /ˈɪŋklɪŋ/

inkling

予感

Meaning

A slight idea, hint, or suspicion about something.

Example

She had an inkling that he was planning a surprise.

彼女は彼がサプライズを計画しているという予感を持っていた。

C2 noun /nəˈkrɒpəlɪs/

necropolis

古代の墓地

Meaning

a large ancient cemetery with elaborate tombs

Example

The archaeologists discovered artifacts in the necropolis of the ancient city.

考古学者たちは古代都市のネクロポリスで遺物を発見しました。

B2 adjective /ˌsen.tɪˈmen.təl/

Sentimental

感傷的な

Meaning

having tender feelings; being emotional about memories or experiences

Example

She became sentimental when looking at old family photographs.

彼女は昔の家族写真を見て感傷的になった。

B2 verb /bɪˈfrɛnd/

befriend

友達になる

Meaning

to act as a friend to someone; to make friends with

Example

She befriended the new student at school.

彼女は学校で新しい生徒と友達になった。

C1 noun /ˈprɛljuːd/

prelude

前奏

Meaning

An action, event, or statement that serves as an introduction to something more important.

Example

The small fight was only a prelude to a bigger conflict.

小さな喧嘩はもっと大きな争いの前奏に過ぎなかった。

C2 adjective /ˈpæsɪbəl/

passible

感じることができる; 苦しみに対して敏感

Meaning

capable of feeling or suffering; susceptible to sensation or emotion (often theological)

Example

In some traditions, deities are described as passible, sharing human emotions.

いくつかの伝統では、神々は感じることができるとされ、人間の感情を共有している。

C2 adjective /ˌpɛrɪpəˈtɛtɪk/

peripatetic

ノマド

Meaning

Traveling from place to place, especially for work or based on lifestyle.

Example

He led a peripatetic life as a traveling teacher.

彼は旅行教師としてノマドの生活を送っていました。

C2 verb /bɪˈfuːl/

befool

だます

Meaning

to deceive or trick someone into believing something false; to make someone appear foolish

Example

The scammer tried to befool innocent people with fake promises.

詐欺師は偽の約束で無実の人々をだまそうとした。

C1 adjective /əbˈzɜːrvənt/

Observant

観察力のある

Meaning

quick to notice things; watchful; attentive

Example

The observant detective noticed every small detail at the crime scene.

観察力のある探偵は犯罪現場のあらゆる小さな詳細に気づきました。

B2 adjective /ˈɪnˌsaɪtfəl/

insightful

洞察力のある

Meaning

Showing deep understanding or perceptiveness.

Example

The professor gave an insightful lecture on global economics.

教授はグローバル経済に関する洞察力のある講義を行いました。

A2 noun /ʃɔːrts/

shorts

ショートパンツ

Meaning

a short garment worn on the lower half of the body that covers each leg separately, usually above the knees.

Example

He wore a pair of blue shorts to the beach.

彼はビーチに青いショートパンツを履いていました。

C1 noun /rɛnˈdɪʃən/

rendition

演奏

Meaning

a performance or interpretation of a piece of art, music, or text

Example

The singer gave a moving rendition of the classic song.

歌手はクラシックな歌の感動的な演奏を行いました。

C1 verb /ˈvɪn.dɪ.keɪt/

vindicate

弁明する

Meaning

To clear someone of blame or suspicion; to show or prove to be right, reasonable, or justified.

Example

The new evidence helped vindicate the wrongly accused man.

新しい証拠は、不当に告発された男性を弁明するのに役立ちました。

C2 noun /ˈrɛkluːsəri/

reclusory

隠遁場所

Meaning

A place for seclusion or retreat, especially for a recluse or hermit.

Example

The monk spent years in the reclusory away from society.

その僧侶は社会から離れた隠遁場所で数年を過ごしました。

C1 noun /ˈklaɪəntɛl/

clientele

顧客層

Meaning

The clients or customers of a professional person or business.

Example

The salon's clientele includes many high-profile individuals.

そのサロンの顧客層には多くの高いプロフィールを持つ人物が含まれています。

A2 adjective /ˈstuː.pɪd/

Stupid

愚かな; 馬鹿な; ばかげた

Meaning

lacking intelligence or common sense; foolish

Example

It was stupid of me to forget my umbrella on a rainy day.

雨の日に傘を忘れるのは愚かだった。

A2 verb /taɪ/

Tie

結ぶ

Meaning

to fasten with string or rope; to have equal scores in a competition

Example

Please tie your shoelaces before running.

走る前に靴ひもを結んでください。

C2 noun /ˌbækəˈneɪliə/

bacchanalia

酒と楽しみの祭り

Meaning

A Roman festival of Bacchus celebrated with dancing, drinking, and revelry; any occasion of wild and drunken revelry.

Example

The novel describes the party as a bacchanalia of excess and joy.

小説はそのパーティーを過剰と喜びのバッカナリアとして描いています。

C1 verb /ˈteɪpər/

taper

先細りになる

Meaning

To gradually decrease in width, thickness, or intensity.

Example

The road tapers off as it reaches the mountains.

道路は山に到達するにつれて細くなります。

B2 noun /ˌænθrəˈpɒlədʒi/

anthropology

人類学

Meaning

the scientific study of humans, their societies, cultures, and development

Example

She decided to major in anthropology at university.

彼女は大学で人類学を専攻することに決めました。

B2 adjective /ˌben.ɪˈfɪʃ.əl/

beneficial

有益な

Meaning

Resulting in good; favorable or advantageous.

Example

Eye rubbing can be beneficial in moderation.

目をこすることは適度であれば有益です。

C2 noun /ˈhɔːtɪnəs/

haughtiness

傲慢

Meaning

The appearance or quality of being arrogantly superior and disdainful.

Example

His haughtiness made him unpopular among his peers.

彼の傲慢さは彼を同僚の中で不人気にしました。

B2 adjective ˈstrʌktʃərəl

structural

構造的

Meaning

Relating to or forming part of a structure.

Example

The structural integrity of the bridge was tested after the storm.

橋の構造的な完全性は嵐の後にテストされました。

C1 adjective sɪˈmæn.tɪk

semantic

言語における意味に関連する

Meaning

Related to meaning in language; concerning the interpretation of words and sentences.

Example

AI models use semantic analysis to understand context.

AIモデルはコンテキストを理解するためにセマンティック分析を使用します。

B2 adjective /rɪˈlaɪ.ənt/

reliant

依存している

Meaning

depending on someone or something for support

Example

The country is too reliant on imported goods.

その国は輸入品に依存しすぎている。

C1 adjective, verb /ˈeɪlɪŋ/

ailing

病気の

Meaning

suffering from illness or poor health; experiencing problems or decline

Example

The ailing patient slowly began to recover after treatment.

病気の患者は治療後、ゆっくり回復し始めた。

B2 adjective ˈmem.ər.ə.bəl

memorable

記憶に残る

Meaning

Worth remembering or easily remembered, especially because of being special or unusual.

Example

Memorable events inspire generations.

記憶に残る出来事は、世代をインスパイアします。

C1 noun /haɪˈeɪtəs/

hiatus

中断

Meaning

A pause or break in continuity of a process or activity.

Example

The show returned after a long hiatus.

ショーは長い中断の後、再び始まりました。

C2 verb /ˈdɛsɪkeɪt/

desiccate

乾燥させる

Meaning

to dry up completely or remove the moisture from something

Example

The hot sun can quickly desiccate plants in the desert.

暑い太陽は砂漠の植物をすぐに乾燥させることができます。

B1 noun ˈθer.ə.pi

therapy

セラピー

Meaning

Treatment intended to relieve or heal a disorder; the treatment of a mental or physical disorder.

Example

Gene therapy offers hope for genetic disorders.

遺伝子治療は遺伝性疾患に希望を与えます。

B1 noun /ˌkænsəˈleɪʃən/

cancellation

取消

Meaning

the act of stopping something that was planned or scheduled; the act of nullifying or invalidating something

Example

The airline announced the cancellation of several flights due to bad weather.

悪天候のため、いくつかの便が取り消されました。

B2 adjective /lɑːrdʒ skeɪl/

large-scale

大規模

Meaning

involving a large number or quantity, or covering a large area

Example

The company is planning a large-scale expansion into international markets.

その会社は国際市場に大規模な拡大を計画しています。

C2 noun /kəˌmɒd.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

commodification

商品化

Meaning

The transformation of goods, services, ideas, or social relations into market commodities.

Example

The commodification of education has increased tuition costs.

教育の商品化は授業料の増加を引き起こしました。

C2 adjective /ˈlɪsəm/

lissome

細く、しなやかで優雅な動き

Meaning

Thin, supple, and graceful in movement.

Example

The dancer moved with a lissome elegance.

ダンサーはリソムな優雅さで動いていました。

A2 noun /ˈbiː.ɪŋ/

Being

存在; 生物; 存在の状態

Meaning

existence; a living creature; the state of existing

Example

Every human being deserves respect and dignity.

すべての人間は尊敬と尊厳に値する。

C1 noun /kənˈspɪrə.tər/

conspirator

陰謀者

Meaning

a person who secretly plans with others to do something unlawful or harmful

Example

The conspirator was arrested before the plan could be carried out.

陰謀者は計画が実行される前に逮捕された。

B2 verb /əˈbɒlɪʃ/

abolish

廃止する

Meaning

to formally end or stop something; to cancel or eliminate completely

Example

The government decided to abolish the old tax system.

政府は古い税制を廃止することを決定した。

C1 noun /ˈbeɪ.zəl siːdz/

Basil Seeds

バジルシード

Meaning

small black seeds from the basil plant, often used in drinks and desserts

Example

I added basil seeds to my lemonade for a refreshing drink.

私はレモネードにバジルシードを加えて、さっぱりとした飲み物を作りました。

C2 noun /vɛkˈseɪʃən/

vexation

苛立ち

Meaning

the state of being annoyed, frustrated, or worried

Example

She could not hide her vexation after the repeated delays.

彼女は繰り返しの遅れの後、彼女の苛立ちを隠すことができませんでした。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛndiˌɛri/

incendiary

扇動的な / 挑発的な

Meaning

designed to cause fires or stir up conflict

Example

The politician’s incendiary remarks angered the crowd.

政治家の挑発的な発言が群衆を怒らせた。

C1 adjective dɒɡˈmæt.ɪk

dogmatic

教条的

Meaning

Being inclined to lay down principles as incontrovertibly true; characterized by arrogant assertion of unproven principles.

Example

His dogmatic approach to politics made discussions difficult.

彼の教条的なアプローチは、議論を難しくしました。

C2 noun /nɛˈkroʊsɪs/

necrosis

壊死

Meaning

the death of body tissue due to disease, injury, or lack of blood supply

Example

The doctor explained that the patient’s wound showed signs of necrosis.

医師は、患者の傷が壊死の兆候を示していると説明しました。

C2 noun /dɪˈdʒɛnərəsi/

degeneracy

退化

Meaning

The state of decline or deterioration, often in moral, cultural, or physical qualities.

Example

The novel portrays the moral degeneracy of a corrupt society.

その小説は腐敗した社会の道徳的退化を描いています。

C1 noun ˌiː.kəʊˈfrend.li ˌɜː.bən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

eco-friendly urbanization

エコフレンドリーな都市化

Meaning

The development of cities in a way that is not harmful to the environment.

Example

Eco-friendly urbanization reduces environmental degradation.

エコフレンドリーな都市化は環境劣化を減少させます。

C2 verb /ˌɪntərˈmɪt/

intermit

中断する

Meaning

To suspend or stop for a time; to pause intermittently.

Example

The rain would intermit and then start again.

雨は中断し、再び始まる。

C2 adjective /ˈspiːʃəs/

specious

見せかけの

Meaning

Superficially plausible but actually false; misleading in appearance.

Example

The politician’s argument was specious, sounding convincing but lacking real evidence.

その政治家の議論は見せかけのもので、説得力があるように見えたが、実際の証拠は欠けていた。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnsəˈprɛsəbl/

insuppressible

抑制できない

Meaning

That cannot be suppressed or restrained.

Example

She had an insuppressible urge to laugh during the ceremony.

式の間、彼女は抑制できない笑いをこらえていた。

C1 noun /ˌsɛnsɪtaɪˈzeɪʃən/

sensitization

感作化

Meaning

The process of becoming sensitive to a substance, situation, or influence.

Example

The doctor warned about the sensitization caused by repeated exposure to chemicals.

医者は化学物質への繰り返しの暴露によって引き起こされる感作化について警告しました。

C2 noun /ˌʃæŋɡriˈlɑː/

shangri-la

架空の楽園

Meaning

a remote, beautiful, imaginary place where life is perfect and peaceful

Example

They described the island as a modern-day Shangri-La.

彼らはその島を現代版シャングリ・ラとして描写しました。

血まみれ

Meaning

covered in, involving, or containing blood; also used informally for emphasis in British English.

Example

The soldier returned from battle with a bloody arm.

兵士は戦いから血まみれの腕で帰還しました。