A2 noun /ˈpoʊɪm/

poem

詩

Meaning

a piece of writing that expresses ideas, feelings, or tells a story in a distinct form, often using rhyme or meter

Example

She wrote a beautiful poem for her mother.

彼女は母親のために美しい詩を書きました。

B2 adjective /praɪm/

prime

最優先, 重要な

Meaning

Of the best quality; most important; peak condition.

Example

She is in the prime of her career.

彼女はキャリアの最良の時期にいます。

C2 noun /ˈpɒntɪf/

pontiff

教皇または高位の司教

Meaning

the pope or a high-ranking bishop in the Christian church

Example

The pontiff addressed the nation in a televised speech.

教皇はテレビで国民に向けて演説を行いました。

C2 noun /ˈpɛdəˌɡɒɡ/

pedagogue

教師

Meaning

a teacher, especially a strict or formal one

Example

The old pedagogue insisted on discipline in the classroom.

その古い教育者は教室で規律を強調しました。

C1 noun ˌpriː.dɪs.pəˈzɪʃ.ən

predisposition

素因

Meaning

A natural tendency or inclination toward a particular behavior or condition.

Example

Genetic factors can influence a person's predisposition to diseases.

遺伝的要因は、病気に対する人の素因に影響を与える可能性があります。

B1 adjective /prɪˈsaɪs/

precise

正確な

Meaning

Marked by exactness and accuracy of expression or detail.

Example

She gave precise instructions for the experiment.

彼女は実験のために正確な指示を与えた。

C1 adjective /ˈpɛnsɪv/

pensive

物思いにふけった

Meaning

Engaged in deep or serious thought.

Example

She looked pensive as she stared out of the window.

彼女は窓の外を見ながら物思いにふけっているようだった。

C2 adjective /ˈpɑːrtəbl/

partible

分割可能な

Meaning

capable of being divided or separated

Example

The estate was partible among the heirs.

その財産は相続人の間で分割可能でした。

C2 verb /ˈpælpɪˌteɪt/

palpitate

速く脈打つ

Meaning

to beat rapidly and strongly, often because of fear, excitement, or illness

Example

Her heart began to palpitate with fear.

彼女は恐怖で心臓がパルピテイトし始めた。

C1 noun /ˈpɪnəkəl/

pinnacle

頂点

Meaning

the highest point or peak of something, especially of success or achievement

Example

Winning the Nobel Prize was the pinnacle of her career.

ノーベル賞を受賞することは彼女のキャリアのピークでした。

C1 noun /ˈprɒvɪdəns/

providence

神の摂理

Meaning

the protective care of God or nature as a spiritual power; foresight or prudence

Example

They believed their survival was due to divine providence.

彼らは自分たちの生存が神の摂理によるものであると信じていました。

C2 noun /ˈpɑːrsɪmoʊni/

parsimony

けち

Meaning

extreme unwillingness to spend money or use resources

Example

His parsimony was evident in the way he avoided any unnecessary expenses.

彼のけちは、どんな無駄な出費も避ける様子に表れていた。

A2 noun /ˈpɛni/

penny

ペニー

Meaning

a small coin of low value; a very small amount of money

Example

He found a penny on the sidewalk and smiled.

彼は歩道でペニーを見つけて微笑んだ。

A2 noun /ˈpɑːtnər/

partner

パートナー

Meaning

a person who shares or is associated with another in some action or endeavor

Example

She is my business partner in the new venture.

彼女は私の新しい事業でのビジネスパートナーです。

C2 noun /ˈpɜr.kwɪ.zɪt/

Perquisite

特典

Meaning

an additional benefit or privilege given to an employee beyond their regular salary; a special right or advantage

Example

Company car was one of the perquisites of his executive position.

会社の車は彼の役員職の特典のひとつだった。

B2 verb /ˈpjʊərɪfaɪ/

purify

浄化する

Meaning

to make clean or pure; to remove impurities

Example

This filter will purify the water effectively.

このフィルターは水を効果的に浄化します。

B1 noun /ˈpaɪ.lət/

Pilot

パイロット

Meaning

a person who operates the controls of an aircraft

Example

The experienced pilot landed the plane safely during the storm.

経験豊富なパイロットが嵐の中で飛行機を安全に着陸させました。

C2 verb /ˈpɜː.fə.reɪt/

perforate

穴を開ける

Meaning

to make a hole or holes through something

Example

The machine can perforate sheets of paper for easy tearing.

その機械は紙を簡単に引き裂くために穴を開けることができます。

A2 adjective /pəˈlaɪt/

Polite

礼儀正しい; 尊敬すべき; 丁寧

Meaning

having good manners; respectful; courteous

Example

He was very polite and respectful to everyone.

彼は誰に対しても非常に礼儀正しく、尊敬していました。

B2 verb /prɪˈveɪl/

prevail

勝つ

Meaning

To prove more powerful or superior; to be widespread or common.

Example

Justice will always prevail over injustice.

正義は常に不正に勝る。

C2 noun /ˈpærəmʊr/

paramour

愛人

Meaning

a lover, especially an illicit one

Example

The secret paramour was finally revealed.

秘密の愛人はついに明らかにされました。

B2 noun /ˈpetəl/

Petal

花弁

Meaning

One of the colored segments of a flower that forms the corolla

Example

Each petal of the daisy was white with a yellow center.

デイジーの各花弁は白で、中央は黄色でした。

C2 noun /ˈpɛntəˌɡræm/

pentagram

ペンタグラム

Meaning

A five-pointed star often used as a symbol in magic, mysticism, or religion.

Example

The wizard drew a pentagram on the floor as part of the ritual.

魔法使いは儀式の一環として床にペンタグラムを描いた。

B2 noun /pərˈsɪstəns/

persistence

粘り強さ

Meaning

the quality of continuing steadily despite problems or difficulties

Example

His persistence finally paid off when he got the job.

彼の粘り強さは最終的に報われ、仕事を得ることができました。

C2 noun /ˈpɑːdreɪ/

padre

神父

Meaning

A title for a priest, especially in the Roman Catholic Church; also used informally for 'father'.

Example

The soldiers attended mass led by the padre.

兵士たちは神父が主催したミサに参加しました。

C2 noun, verb /ˈpɑːrli/

parley

交渉

Meaning

a discussion between opposing sides, especially to negotiate terms

Example

The generals met to parley over the terms of surrender.

将軍たちは降伏条件について話し合うために会った。

B2 adjective /ˌpoʊstˈwɔːr/

post-war

戦後の

Meaning

relating to the period after a war has ended

Example

The country experienced rapid economic growth in the post-war years.

その国は戦後の時代に急速な経済成長を遂げた。

B1 verb /pɔːr/

pour

注ぐ

Meaning

to flow or cause to flow in a steady stream; to rain heavily

Example

Please pour the water into the glass carefully.

水をグラスに慎重に注いでください。

C1 adjective /ˌpærəˈdɒksɪkəl/

paradoxical

逆説的

Meaning

Seemingly contradictory or opposed to common sense, yet possibly true.

Example

It is paradoxical that standing is often more tiring than walking.

立っていることが歩くことよりも疲れるのは逆説的です。

A1 noun /ˈpɑːti/

party

パーティー

Meaning

a social gathering of people, typically for entertainment

Example

We had a great time at the birthday party.

私たちは誕生日パーティーで素晴らしい時間を過ごしました。

B2 noun /pledʒ/

Pledge

誓約; 約束; 保証;

Meaning

a solemn promise or undertaking; something given as security for a loan; a commitment or guarantee

Example

He made a pledge to donate money to charity.

彼はチャリティーにお金を寄付する誓約をした。

B1 noun /pərˈsɛntɪdʒ/

percentage

パーセント

Meaning

a proportion or share in relation to a whole

Example

The percentage of students who passed the exam was high.

試験に合格した学生のパーセントは高かった。

C1 noun /ˈpɛnɪtəns/

penitence

懺悔

Meaning

The action or feeling of showing sorrow and regret for having done wrong.

Example

His eyes were full of penitence after realizing his mistake.

自分の間違いに気づいた後、彼の目は懺悔に満ちていた。

B1 adjective /ˈpeɪn.fəl/

painful

痛みを伴う

Meaning

causing physical or emotional pain

Example

The injury was very painful, and he needed immediate care.

その怪我は非常に痛みを伴い、すぐに治療が必要だった。

C1 noun /prəˈpraɪəti/

propriety

適切

Meaning

Conformity to accepted standards of behavior or morality.

Example

He always behaved with the utmost propriety in public.

彼は公共の場で常に最大限の適切さを持って振る舞いました。

C1 verb প্রিসিপিটেট

precipitate

降水する

Meaning

To fall from the sky as rain, snow, or other forms of water.

Example

Vapor precipitates as rain in warmer climates.

水蒸気は暖かい気候で雨として降ります。

C2 adjective ˌpɜː.spɪˈkeɪ.ʃəs

perspicacious

鋭い洞察力を持つ

Meaning

Having keen insight and understanding; showing acute mental discernment.

Example

The detective's perspicacious nature helped solve the mystery.

探偵の鋭い性格が謎を解くのに役立ちました。

A2 adjective /ˈpraɪ.vət/

Private

プライベート; 秘密の; 公開しない; 個人的な

Meaning

personal; confidential; not public; individual

Example

This is a private conversation between two friends.

これは二人の友達の間のプライベートな会話です。

A2 noun, verb, adjective /ˈprɛzənt/

present

プレゼント

Meaning

existing or happening now; to give something to someone in a formal way

Example

She presented her report to the team yesterday.

彼女は昨日チームに報告書を提出しました。

B2 noun /prəˈfɪʃənsi/

proficiency

熟練

Meaning

Competency or skill; expertise.

Example

His proficiency in multiple languages is remarkable.

彼の複数の言語における熟練度は素晴らしい。

A2 verb /prɪˈpɛər/

prepare

準備する

Meaning

to make ready; to get something ready for use

Example

She needs to prepare dinner for her family.

彼女は家族のために夕食を準備する必要があります。

B1 noun /pruːf/

proof

証拠

Meaning

evidence or argument establishing a fact or the truth of a statement

Example

The detective presented proof of the suspect's guilt.

探偵は容疑者の有罪の証拠を提示しました。

B2 noun /ˈpɑːs.tʃər/

Posture

幸福

Meaning

the position in which someone holds their body; a particular attitude or approach

Example

Good posture is important for preventing back pain.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

B2 noun /ˈpɑːrtɪkəl/

particle

粒子

Meaning

a very small piece or amount of something

Example

Dust particles floated in the air near the window.

窓の近くの空気中にほこりの粒子が浮かんでいました。

C2 verb /ˌpriːɔːrˈdeɪn/

preordain

前もって決める

Meaning

To decide or determine an outcome in advance, especially by fate or divine will.

Example

They believed their meeting was preordained by destiny.

彼らは自分たちの出会いが運命によって前もって決められていると信じていた。

C1 noun /ˈpɪt.əns/

pittance

わずかな額

Meaning

a very small or inadequate amount of money

Example

She worked long hours for a mere pittance.

彼女はわずかな額のために長時間働いた。

C1 adjective /pəˈrɪʒən/

parisian

パリに関連する

Meaning

relating to Paris or its people

Example

She wore a Parisian style dress at the party.

彼女はパリジャンスタイルのドレスをパーティーで着ていた。

C1 adjective /ˌpæn.əˈmer.ɪ.kən/

Pan-American

パンアメリカン

Meaning

relating to all the countries of North, Central, and South America

Example

The Pan-American Games bring together athletes from across the continent.

パンアメリカンゲームは大陸全体のアスリートを集めます。

C1 noun /ˈpær.ət biːk/

Parrot Beak

パロットビーク

Meaning

a climbing plant with curved red and orange flowers resembling a parrot's beak

Example

The parrot beak flower's unique curved shape makes it a fascinating addition to any garden.

パロットビークの花はユニークな曲線を持っており、どんな庭にも魅力的な追加要素となります。

C2 noun /ˈpær.əkˌsɪz.əm/

paroxysm

突然の爆発的な感情

Meaning

A sudden, violent outburst of emotion or activity.

Example

She was seized by a paroxysm of laughter.

彼女は突然の笑いの爆発に襲われた。

A2 noun /prɪns/

prince

王子

Meaning

a male member of a royal family, especially the son of a king or queen; a ruler of a principality

Example

The prince addressed the nation on his birthday.

王子は誕生日に国民に演説しました。

B2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/

promising

有望な

Meaning

showing signs of future success or potential

Example

She is a promising young scientist with great ideas.

彼女は素晴らしいアイデアを持つ、有望な若い科学者です。

C1 adjective /ˈper.ɪ.ləs/

perilous

危険な, 危ない, 不安定な

Meaning

Full of danger or risk; hazardous and threatening.

Example

The explorers took a perilous journey.

探検家たちは危険な旅をしました。

C2 adjective /ˌpɛrənˈθɛtɪkəl/

parenthetical

括弧内のコメント

Meaning

Relating to or expressed in parentheses; a side remark or digression.

Example

He added a parenthetical comment during the lecture.

彼は講義中に括弧内のコメントを追加しました。

B2 noun /pʌbˈlɪs.ɪ.ti/

Publicity

宣伝

Meaning

public attention or notice given to someone or something; advertising or promotion

Example

The movie received a lot of publicity before its release.

その映画は公開前に多くの宣伝を受けました。

B2 verb /pəˈzɛs/

possess

持つ / 所有する

Meaning

To have or own something; to hold a quality or characteristic.

Example

She possesses great talent in music.

彼女は音楽において素晴らしい才能を持っています。

C2 noun /ˈpæsɪt/

Passet

カッテージチーズ

Meaning

Fresh cheese curds; cottage cheese made from curdled milk

Example

The cook prepared fresh passet by curdling warm milk with lemon juice.

料理人は温かい牛乳にレモン汁を加えて新鮮なカッテージチーズを作りました。

B1 noun ˈpʌb.lɪk ˈspiː.kɪŋ

public speaking

公共の話し方

Meaning

The skill of speaking confidently in front of an audience.

Example

Public speaking skills are essential for leadership roles.

公共の話し方のスキルはリーダーシップの役割に不可欠です。

C1 adjective /pɒˈstɪəriər/

posterior

後部

Meaning

Situated at or toward the back; later in time.

Example

The posterior part of the brain controls vision.

脳の後部は視覚を制御します。

B2 adjective /ˈpɑːr.ʃəl/

Partial

部分的; 偏見のある;

Meaning

incomplete; showing bias or prejudice

Example

The judge gave a partial decision in favor of the defendant.

裁判官は被告人に有利な部分的な決定を下した。

B1 noun, verb /paʊnd/

pound

ポンド

Meaning

a unit of weight equal to 16 ounces or a unit of currency

Example

The price of the book is five pounds.

その本の価格は5ポンドです。

B1 noun /ˈpɪ.ti/

Pity

憐れみ; 同情;

Meaning

a feeling of sadness or sympathy for someone's misfortune; something that causes regret or disappointment

Example

I felt pity for the homeless man in the rain.

私は雨の中でホームレスの男性に対して憐れみを感じました。

C2 adjective /ˌfoʊtoʊɪˈlɛktrɪk/

photoelectric

フォトエレクトリック

Meaning

relating to the emission of electrons or other free carriers when light shines on a material

Example

The photoelectric effect is fundamental in solar panels.

光電効果は太陽光パネルにおいて基本的です。

B2 noun /pərˈfek.ʃən/

Perfection

完璧

Meaning

the state of being complete and without flaws; the highest degree of excellence

Example

The artist spent years trying to achieve perfection in his paintings.

アーティストは彼の絵画で完璧を達成するために何年も費やしました。

C1 noun /prɪˈrɒɡətɪv/

prerogative

特権

Meaning

a special right or privilege exclusive to a particular person or group

Example

It is the manager’s prerogative to make the final decision.

それはマネージャーの権限で最終決定を下すことです。

C1 noun /pəˈvɪliən/

pavilion

パビリオン

Meaning

A large tent or temporary building, often used for events or exhibitions.

Example

The wedding reception was held in a decorated pavilion.

結婚式のレセプションは装飾されたパビリオンで開催されました。

A2 noun /ˈplænɪt/

Planet

惑星

Meaning

a celestial body moving in an elliptical orbit around a star

Example

Mars is the fourth planet from the sun.

火星は太陽から数えて太陽系の4番目の惑星です。

B2 noun /prɒp/

prop

小道具

Meaning

an object used on stage by actors during a performance; something that supports or holds up

Example

The actor forgot his prop on stage.

俳優はステージで小道具を忘れた。

C1 noun /ˈpleɪˌraɪt/

playwright

劇作家

Meaning

a person who writes plays

Example

Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright of all time.

シェイクスピアはすべての時代で最も偉大な劇作家と見なされています。

B2 noun /proʊˈbeɪʃən/

probation

試用期間

Meaning

a period of testing or supervision, especially for offenders or new employees

Example

He was placed on probation for six months.

彼は6か月の試用期間を与えられました。

C1 adjective /prəˈfɛtɪk/

prophetic

予言的

Meaning

accurately predicting or describing what will happen in the future

Example

His prophetic words came true after many years.

彼の予言的な言葉は何年も後に現実となった。

C1 noun /ˈprɛəri/

prairie

草原

Meaning

A large open area of grassland, especially in North America.

Example

The bison roamed freely across the prairie.

バイソンは草原を自由に歩き回った。

B2 noun /ˈprɛsɪdənt/

precedent

前例

Meaning

An earlier event or decision that serves as a guide or example for future similar situations.

Example

The judge’s ruling set a new precedent for similar cases.

裁判官の判決は、同様の事件のための新たな前例を設定した。

B2 noun /saɪˈkaɪətrɪst/

psychiatrist

精神科医

Meaning

a medical doctor specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness

Example

The psychiatrist prescribed medication for the patient’s anxiety.

精神科医は患者の不安に対して薬を処方しました。

C2 adjective /ˌfærɪˈseɪɪkəl/

pharisaical

偽善的な

Meaning

Excessively concerned with formal rules or outward show of morality, often in a hypocritical way.

Example

His pharisaical behavior made people doubt his sincerity.

彼の偽善的な行動は、彼の誠実さに疑問を投げかけた。

C2 noun /ˌpɑːrtjʊˈrɪʃən/

parturition

分娩

Meaning

The act of giving birth; childbirth.

Example

The doctor explained the stages of parturition to the students.

医者は学生たちに分娩の段階を説明しました。

C1 verb /priːn/

preen

身だしなみを整える

Meaning

To groom or dress oneself with care; to show pride in one's appearance.

Example

She preened in front of the mirror before leaving for the party.

彼女はパーティーに出かける前に鏡の前で身だしなみを整えていた。

C2 adjective /ˈprɛfətɔːri/

prefatory

序文的

Meaning

serving as an introduction or preface

Example

He made some prefatory remarks before the lecture began.

彼は講義が始まる前にいくつかの序文的な発言をした。

B2 noun pərˈsɛpʃən

perception

知覚、理解

Meaning

The ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses

Example

Our perception of the situation was shaped by our prior experiences.

私たちの状況に対する知覚は、私たちの過去の経験によって形作られました。

B1 noun /ˈpæsɪŋ/

passing

通過, 死

Meaning

the act of moving past something or the end of someone's life

Example

The passing of the leader was a great loss for the nation.

リーダーの死は国にとって大きな損失でした。

C1 adjective /ˈpjuː.ni/

puny

弱い

Meaning

Small, weak, or insignificant.

Example

He felt puny compared to his stronger classmates.

彼は自分の強いクラスメートと比較して、自分が弱いと感じていました。

B1 noun /'pʌmp.kɪn/

Pumpkin

カボチャ

Meaning

a large round orange fruit with thick skin and edible flesh

Example

We carved a jack-o'-lantern from a big pumpkin.

私たちは大きなカボチャからジャック・オー・ランタンを彫りました。

Meaning

A place or state of suffering inhabited by the souls of sinners who are expiating their sins before going to heaven; a temporary condition of torment or suffering.

Example

After the accident, the long recovery felt like a kind of purgatory.

B1 noun /prɪnt/

Print

印刷; マーク; 足跡;

Meaning

words, letters, or pictures produced on paper using a machine; a mark made by pressing something onto a surface

Example

The book is available in both digital and print versions.

その本はデジタル版と印刷版の両方で利用可能です。

B1 noun /ˈpɪdʒ.ən/

Pigeon

鳩

Meaning

a grey and white bird with a fat body that is common in cities

Example

The pigeon pecked at breadcrumbs on the sidewalk.

鳩は歩道でパンのクズをついばんでいた。

C1 noun /ˈpɪn.sərz/

Pincers

ピンセット

Meaning

a tool made of two curved or hinged pieces of metal used for gripping and pulling things

Example

The chef used pincers to remove the hot pot from the stove.

シェフはピンセットを使って、ストーブから熱い鍋を取り出しました。

C2 noun /ˈpoʊltɪs/

poultice

温かい薬草の湿布

Meaning

a soft, moist mass of material applied to the body to relieve soreness and inflammation

Example

The nurse applied a warm poultice to his injured leg.

看護師は彼の怪我した足に温かい湿布を貼った。

プランナー

Meaning

a person who makes plans or a book used for organizing schedules and tasks

Example

She uses a daily planner to organize her meetings.

彼女は会議を整理するために毎日のプランナーを使っています。