pleat
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C1 noun, verb /pliːt/

pleat

プリーツ
Meaning
a fold in fabric made by doubling the material back upon itself
Example
She added a pleat to the skirt for extra volume.
彼女はスカートにボリュームを加えるためにプリーツを入れました。
A2 noun /ˌʌpˈsteəz/

Upstairs

上の階
Meaning
on or to an upper floor of a building; the upper floor or floors
Example
She went upstairs to her bedroom to rest.
彼女は休憩するために自分の寝室に上がった。
C1 noun /krəˈvæs/

crevasse

深い亀裂
Meaning
a deep crack in a glacier or the earth’s surface
Example
The climbers carefully crossed the icy crevasse.
登山者たちは慎重に氷の亀裂を越えました。
B2 adjective /ˈnær.ə.tɪv/

Narrative

物語的な; 描写的な; 物語を語る
Meaning
relating to storytelling; descriptive; telling a story; recounting events
Example
The narrative structure of the novel was quite complex.
その小説の物語的な構造はかなり複雑でした。
C1 adjective /ˌtɒpsi ˈtɜːvi/

topsy-turvy

混乱した
Meaning
in a state of confusion, disorder, or upside down
Example
The sudden announcement left the office in a topsy-turvy state.
突然の発表でオフィスは完全に混乱した状態になった。
C1 adjective /ˈɪmpətənt/

impotent

無力
Meaning
Lacking power, ability, or strength to take effective action.
Example
The citizens felt impotent against the corrupt system.
市民は腐敗したシステムに対して無力だと感じた。
A1 adjective/adverb /ɪˈnʌf/

enough

十分
Meaning
as much or as many as required
Example
We have enough food for everyone.
私たちは皆のために十分な食べ物があります。
C1 verb /sɪˈkriːt/

secrete

分泌する
Meaning
to produce and release a substance from a cell, gland, or organ
Example
The pancreas secretes insulin to regulate blood sugar levels.
膵臓は血糖値を調整するためにインスリンを分泌します。
C2 adjective /nɪˈfɛəriəs/

nefarious

邪悪な、犯罪者、または道徳的に悪い
Meaning
Wicked, criminal, or morally bad.
Example
The police uncovered a nefarious plot to cheat investors.
警察は投資家を欺こうとする邪悪な陰謀を暴露しました。
C2 noun /ˈluː.mən/

lumen

ルーメン
Meaning
A unit of luminous flux, measuring the amount of visible light emitted by a source.
Example
The bulb produces 800 lumens of light.
電球は800ルーメンの光を発生させます。
C2 adjective /ˈpɔːntʃi/

paunchy

ぽっこりお腹
Meaning
Having a large or protruding belly.
Example
The paunchy man struggled to button his shirt.
ぽっこりお腹の男はシャツのボタンを留めるのに苦労していた。
B2 adjective /fɔːrˈsiːəbl/

foreseeable

予測可能な
Meaning
Able to be predicted or expected in advance
Example
The company is unlikely to make changes in the foreseeable future.
その会社は予測可能な未来において変化を起こす可能性は低い。
C2 noun /dɪˈkæmərən/

decameron

デカメロン (ボッカッチョの物語集)
Meaning
A collection of 100 tales written by Giovanni Boccaccio in the 14th century, told by a group of people over ten days.
Example
The Decameron is considered a masterpiece of classical Italian literature.
デカメロンはイタリア古典文学の傑作とされています。
B1 verb /kleɪm/

claim

主張する
Meaning
to assert ownership; to state as fact
Example
He claims to be the rightful owner.
彼は自分が正当な所有者だと主張しています。
B1 noun /ʃel/

Shell

殻
Meaning
hard outer covering of an animal; explosive projectile for a gun
Example
The artillery fired a shell at the enemy position.
砲兵は敵の陣地に弾丸を発射しました。
C2 noun /luːˈsɪd.ə.ti/

lucidity

明瞭
Meaning
Clarity of thought or style; the quality of being easily understood.
Example
His explanation had great lucidity, making it easy to understand.
彼の説明は非常に明瞭で、理解するのが簡単でした。
C2 noun /ˈjuːʒəri/

usury

高利貸し
Meaning
The practice of lending money at unreasonably high interest rates.
Example
The law strictly prohibits usury.
法律は高利貸しを厳しく禁止しています。
C1 noun /ˈɛdɪfɪs/

edifice

建物
Meaning
A large, impressive building or structure.
Example
The museum is an impressive edifice in the city center.
その博物館は市内中心部の印象的な建物です。
B2 noun /ˌɪnsɪˈkjʊərɪti/

insecurity

不安感
Meaning
lack of confidence or assurance; a state of uncertainty or vulnerability
Example
Her insecurity made her doubt her abilities despite her experience.
彼女の不安感は彼女に自分の能力を疑わせた。
C1 noun /ɪˈpɪt.ə.mi/

epitome

特定の品質やタイプの完璧な例; 何かの最良の表現
Meaning
A perfect example of a particular quality or type; the best representation of something.
Example
She is the epitome of grace and kindness.
彼女は優雅さと親切さの典型です。
C2 verb /flɪt/

flit

ひらひら舞う
Meaning
to move quickly and lightly from one place to another
Example
Butterflies flitted from flower to flower.
蝶が花から花へひらひらと舞った。
B2 noun ˌfʌŋk.ʃəˈnæl.ə.ti

functionality

機能性
Meaning
The quality of being functional; the ability to work or operate as intended.
Example
The new refrigerator has improved functionality.
新しい冷蔵庫は機能性が向上しました。
C2 noun /ˌɔːrnɪˈθɒlədʒɪst/

ornithologist

鳥類学者
Meaning
a scientist who studies birds
Example
The ornithologist spent years studying migratory birds.
そのオルニソロジストは渡り鳥を研究するために何年も費やしました。
C2 noun /əˈluːviən/

alluvion

アリュビオン
Meaning
The gradual increase of land by the deposit of soil from water; also, a flood or overflow of water.
Example
The river’s alluvion added new fertile land to the village fields.
川のアリュビオンは村の畑に新しい肥沃な土地を加えました。
A2 noun /ˈbækɡraʊnd/

Background

背景
Meaning
the circumstances or situation that form the setting; a person's education, experience, or social circumstances
Example
She has a strong background in mathematics and computer science.
彼女は数学とコンピュータサイエンスの強力な背景を持っています。
C2 noun /əˈpɒfəsɪs/

apophasis

Meaning
A rhetorical device where the speaker brings up a subject by denying it or pretending to pass over it.
Example
The politician used apophasis by saying, 'I won’t even mention my opponent’s scandals.'
A2 verb /klɪk/

click

クリックする
Meaning
to press a button on a computer mouse or similar device
Example
She clicked the link to open the website.
彼女はリンクをクリックしてウェブサイトを開きました。
C2 adjective /splɪˈnɛtɪk/

splenetic

怒りっぽい、意地悪な
Meaning
bad-tempered, irritable, spiteful
Example
His splenetic remarks offended everyone in the room.
彼の怒りっぽいコメントは部屋の皆を怒らせた。
A2 adjective /ˈɪn.dɔːr/

indoor

屋内の
Meaning
situated, occurring, or used inside a building
Example
Indoor plants can improve air quality at home.
屋内の植物は家の空気の質を改善できます。
C2 adjective /ˌæl.ɪˈmen.tər.i/

alimentary

消化に関連する
Meaning
relating to nourishment or the organs of digestion
Example
The doctor explained the role of the alimentary canal in digestion.
医者は消化管の役割について説明しました。
C1 verb /riːˈpeɪ.tri.eɪt/

repatriate

帰還させる
Meaning
To return someone to their own country, often after war or imprisonment.
Example
The government worked to repatriate the refugees safely.
政府は難民を安全に帰国させるために尽力しました。
C1 verb /skɒf/

scoff

嘲笑する
Meaning
to speak about something in a mocking or dismissive way
Example
He scoffed at the idea of moving abroad.
彼は海外に引っ越すというアイデアを嘲笑しました。
B2 adverb /ˈsiː.mɪŋ.li/

seemingly

一見, 見た目では静か
Meaning
appearing to be true, but not necessarily so
Example
He was seemingly calm despite the chaos around him.
周りの混乱にもかかわらず、彼は一見静かだった。
B2 noun /ˈtek.staɪl/

textile

織物
Meaning
a type of cloth or woven fabric made by knitting or weaving fibers
Example
Bangladesh is famous for its high-quality textile industry.
バングラデシュはその高品質なテキスタイル産業で有名です。
B2 noun /ˈskʌlp.tʃər/

Sculpture

彫刻; 彫刻によって作られた芸術作品
Meaning
the art of making objects by carving; a work of art made by carving
Example
The museum displays ancient Greek sculpture.
博物館には古代ギリシャの彫刻が展示されています。
C2 noun /ˈændaɪərn/

andiron

木材を支える金属製のスタンド
Meaning
a metal support used in a fireplace to hold logs
Example
The logs rested on the andirons in the old fireplace.
古い暖炉のアンダイロンの上に木材が置かれていた。
B2 verb /ɪnˈdʌldʒ/

indulge

楽しむ
Meaning
to allow oneself to enjoy something enjoyable, often excessively
Example
He indulged in a piece of chocolate cake after dinner.
彼はディナーの後でチョコレートケーキの一切れを楽しんだ。
A2 verb (past tense / past participle) /əˈtræktɪd/

attracted

惹かれた
Meaning
felt interest or liking toward someone or something; was drawn by appeal or force
Example
She was attracted to the idea of studying abroad.
彼女は留学するという考えに惹かれた。
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkəmˈbʌstəbl/

incombustible

不燃
Meaning
Not capable of catching fire or burning.
Example
This material is incombustible and safe for construction.
この材料は燃えません、安全に建設に使用できます。
B1 adverb /ˈrʌfli/

Roughly

おおよそ; 粗暴または暴力的な方法で
Meaning
approximately; in a harsh or violent way
Example
The project will take roughly three months to complete.
このプロジェクトはおおよそ3ヶ月かかります。
C1 adjective /ɪˈnɔːɡjərəl/

Inaugural

開幕
Meaning
marking the beginning of something; first; opening
Example
The president delivered his inaugural speech.
大統領は彼の開幕スピーチを行いました。
B2 noun ˈsæt.əl.aɪt

satellite

人工衛星
Meaning
An artificial object which has been intentionally placed into orbit around a celestial body.
Example
Satellites provide critical data for research.
人工衛星は研究のために重要なデータを提供します。
A2 adjective /ˈlʌv.li/

Lovely

素敵な; 魅力的な; 見事な
Meaning
beautiful; charming; delightful; attractive
Example
What a lovely day for a picnic!
ピクニックにぴったりの素晴らしい日ですね！
B2 noun /vɜːrs/

verse

詩句
Meaning
A line of writing in poetry; a section of a song or poem.
Example
She wrote a beautiful verse for the wedding ceremony.
彼女は結婚式のために美しい詩句を書きました。
B2 adjective /ˈænɪmeɪtɪd/

animated

アニメーションされた
Meaning
Full of life or excitement; made using animation techniques.
Example
The animated film was loved by children and adults alike.
そのアニメーション映画は子供たちと大人たちに愛されました。
C2 noun /ɛθˈnɒlədʒi/

ethnology

民族学
Meaning
the study of the characteristics of different peoples and the differences and relationships between them
Example
She specialized in ethnology to better understand cultural diversity.
彼女は文化的多様性をよりよく理解するために民族学を専門にしていた。
B1 adjective /ˌʌnˈpeɪd/

Unpaid

無給の; 支払いなし
Meaning
not paid for; without payment or salary
Example
She worked as an unpaid intern for six months.
彼女は無給のインターンとして6ヶ月間働きました。
B1 adjective /ɪˈnɪʃəl/

initial

初期の
Meaning
Existing or occurring at the beginning.
Example
Her initial reaction was one of surprise.
彼女の初期の反応は驚きだった。
A1 noun /ˈtiːˈviː/

tv

テレビ
Meaning
a device used to receive television broadcasts
Example
I watch my favorite shows on TV every evening.
毎晩、テレビでお気に入りの番組を見ています。
C2 noun /ˈkwɔːrtoʊ/

quarto

四つ折り本
Meaning
A book size resulting from folding each printed sheet into four leaves (eight pages).
Example
The library has rare Shakespeare quartos.
図書館にはシェイクスピアの珍しいクアート本があります。
B1 adjective /ˈprɛʃəs/

precious

貴重な
Meaning
of great value; highly esteemed or cherished
Example
This ring is very precious to my grandmother.
この指輪は祖母にとってとても貴重です。
B2 verb /ɪnˈsɜːrt/

insert

挿入する
Meaning
to put or place something into something else
Example
Please insert the key into the lock.
鍵をロックに挿入してください。
C2 noun /ˈiːɡres/

egress

出口
Meaning
The action of going out or leaving a place; an exit.
Example
The emergency door provided an egress for the trapped workers.
非常口は閉じ込められた作業員のために出口を提供しました。
B2 noun /ˈrɛlɪvəns/

relevance

関連性
Meaning
the quality or state of being closely connected or appropriate
Example
The relevance of the information was clear to everyone.
情報の関連性はすべての人に明確でした。
B2 verb /əˈblaɪdʒ/

oblige

義務付ける
Meaning
to compel or require someone to do something; to help or do a favor
Example
I would be happy to oblige you with the information you need.
必要な情報を提供してお手伝いできれば嬉しいです。
A2 adverb /ˈsʌm.taɪm/

sometime

そのうち
Meaning
at a time that is not known or stated; occasionally
Example
Let's meet for coffee sometime next week.
来週のどこかでコーヒーを飲むために会おう。
B2 noun /ˈwɪkɪdnəs/

wickedness

邪悪、悪行
Meaning
Evil or morally bad behavior.
Example
The story highlights the wickedness of the cruel king.
その物語は、残虐な王の悪行を強調しています。
B2 noun ˈfjuː.tʃɚ ˌdʒen.əˈreɪ.ʃənz

future generations

未来の世代
Meaning
People who have not yet been born, considered in terms of the environment or society they will inherit.
Example
Sustainable development ensures a better life for future generations.
持続可能な開発は未来の世代のためにより良い生活を保証します。
B2 noun /ˈreɪtɪŋ/

rating

評価
Meaning
an evaluation or assessment, usually numerical
Example
The movie received a high rating from critics.
その映画は批評家から高い評価を受けました。
B2 noun /ˈkiː.pər/

Keeper

守衛; 飼育係;
Meaning
a person whose job it is to guard or take care of something or someone; a goalkeeper
Example
The zoo keeper fed the animals every morning at eight o'clock.
動物園のキーパーは毎朝8時に動物たちに餌を与えていました。
C2 adjective /pɪˈskætɔːrɪəl/

piscatorial

釣りに関する
Meaning
relating to fishing or fishermen
Example
He has a deep knowledge of piscatorial techniques and fish species.
彼は釣りの技術と魚種について深い知識を持っています。
B2 noun /ˈtes.tɪ.moʊ.ni/

Testimony

証言; 証拠
Meaning
a formal written or spoken statement given in a court of law; evidence or proof
Example
The witness gave compelling testimony during the trial.
証人は裁判中に説得力のある証言をしました。
C1 noun prɪˈzɝː.və.tɪv

preservative

防腐剤
Meaning
A chemical substance that prevents decay, fermentation, or other natural processes that cause food deterioration.
Example
Artificial preservatives are harmful to health.
人工防腐剤は健康に害を与える。
C2 adjective /dɪˈstreɪ/

distrait

ぼんやりした
Meaning
deeply distracted or absent-minded, often due to worry or grief
Example
He looked distrait after hearing the sad news.
悲しい知らせを聞いた後、彼はぼんやりしているように見えた。
C1 adjective /ˌfɪl.hɑːrˈmɒn.ɪk/

philharmonic

交響楽団に関連する
Meaning
relating to a symphony orchestra or its music
Example
The philharmonic orchestra performed a stunning rendition of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony.
フィルハーモニックオーケストラはベートーヴェンの第九交響曲の素晴らしい演奏を行いました。
B2 noun ˌpʌŋkˈtʃʊəlɪti

punctuality

時間厳守
Meaning
The quality of being on time; the habit of arriving or doing things at the agreed or proper time.
Example
Punctuality is a valued trait in professional settings.
時間厳守はプロフェッショナルな環境で重要な特性です。
B2 noun /ˌrek.riˈeɪ.ʃən/

Recreation

レクリエーション活動; 何かを再び存在させるプロセス
Meaning
an activity that is done for enjoyment; the process of making something exist again
Example
The park provides recreation facilities for children and adults.
公園は子供と大人のためにレクリエーション施設を提供しています。
A1 article /æn/

an

一つの（不定冠詞）
Meaning
used before a noun to refer to a non-specific item that begins with a vowel sound
Example
She ate an apple for breakfast.
彼女は朝食にリンゴを一つ食べた。
A2 noun /dɪʃ/

Dish

皿
Meaning
a shallow, flat-bottomed container for cooking or serving food; a particular variety or preparation of food served as part of a meal
Example
Please put the rice on the dish before serving.
お米を皿に載せてから提供してください。
C1 verb /ˈʃrɪvəl/

shrivel

しわになる
Meaning
To become dry, wrinkled, and smaller due to lack of moisture.
Example
The flowers shriveled under the hot sun.
花は暑い太陽の下でしわになった。
C1 noun /ˈbuːt.stræp.ɪŋ/

bootstrapping

自己資金による起業
Meaning
Starting a business with personal resources or small investments without external funding or venture capital.
Example
Many entrepreneurs rely on bootstrapping to launch their businesses.
多くの起業家はビジネスを立ち上げるためにブートストラッピングに依存しています。
C1 noun /ˈtrɪviə/

trivia

雑学
Meaning
Details or information that are considered unimportant or of little value.
Example
The quiz was filled with fun trivia about movies and music.
クイズは映画や音楽に関する楽しい雑学で満たされていました。
C1 adjective /ˌrɛprɪˈhɛnsəbl̩/

reprehensible

非難すべき
Meaning
Deserving strong criticism or blame.
Example
His dishonest actions were truly reprehensible.
彼の不誠実な行動は本当に非難すべきものでした。
C2 noun /bəˈlɛəroʊ/

bolero

ボレロ（スペインのダンスまたは前が開いた短いジャケット）
Meaning
A Spanish dance in slow triple time, or a short jacket open at the front.
Example
The dancers performed a passionate bolero at the festival.
ダンサーたちはフェスティバルで情熱的なボレロを演奏しました。
A2 verb /ˈsetəl/

settle

定住する
Meaning
to resolve; to establish residence; to calm down
Example
They decided to settle in a quiet village.
彼らは静かな村に定住することに決めました。
C1 noun /ɪkˈstrækʃən/

extraction

抽出
Meaning
the act of removing something, especially by pulling it out
Example
The extraction of oil from the ground requires special equipment.
地面からの石油の抽出には特別な機器が必要です。
C2 noun /proʊˈskrɪp.ʃən/

proscription

禁止
Meaning
the act of forbidding something, especially by law
Example
The proscription of child labor is an important human rights achievement.
児童労働の禁止は人権の重要な成果です。
C1 adjective /dɪˈlɪriəs/

delirious

デリリアス
Meaning
in an extremely disturbed or excited state of mind, often due to illness or emotion
Example
He was delirious with fever and kept muttering nonsense.
彼は熱でデリリアスで、無意味なことを呟いていた。
B2 adjective /rɪˈsɔːrsfəl/

resourceful

Meaning
Having the ability to find quick and clever ways to overcome difficulties.
Example
She is very resourceful when it comes to solving unexpected problems.
C1 adjective /ˈaɪərnˌklæd/

ironclad

鉄壁の
Meaning
impossible to change, break, or dispute; very strong and firm
Example
The company had an ironclad contract with its suppliers.
その会社はサプライヤーと鉄壁の契約を結んでいた。
B2 noun /ˈsɛnətər/

senator

上院議員
Meaning
a member of a senate, especially in a legislative body
Example
The senator spoke passionately about environmental policies.
そのセネターは環境政策について情熱的に話しました。
C2 adjective /ˈbɛərˌfeɪst/

barefaced

厚かましい
Meaning
shameless and undisguised; openly bold or unashamed
Example
He told a barefaced lie in front of everyone.
彼はみんなの前で厚かましい嘘をついた。
C2 verb /bɪˈweɪl/

bewail

嘆き悲しむ
Meaning
to express deep sorrow or regret over something; to mourn openly
Example
She bewailed the loss of her childhood home.
彼女は子どもの頃の家を失ったことを嘆き悲しんだ。
B2 noun /kəˈθɒlɪsɪzəm/

catholicism

カトリック教
Meaning
The faith, practice, and church order of the Roman Catholic Church.
Example
Catholicism has a long history and rich traditions.
カトリック教には長い歴史と豊かな伝統があります。
B1 adjective /draɪd/

dried

乾燥
Meaning
without moisture; preserved by removing water
Example
She added some dried flowers to the vase for decoration.
彼女は装飾のために花瓶に乾燥した花を加えた。
B2 adjective /blʌnt/

blunt

鈍い、率直な
Meaning
not sharp; direct and straightforward in speech
Example
Her blunt remarks offended some people.
彼女の率直な言葉は何人かの人々を傷つけた。
C2 noun /ˌsuːdəʊəˈpɒsəl/

pseudapostle

偽使徒
Meaning
a false or pretended apostle
Example
The preacher was condemned as a pseudapostle.
その説教師は偽使徒として非難されました。
C2 adjective /əˈkɪliən/

achillean

アキレス的
Meaning
like or characteristic of Achilles; strong but vulnerable
Example
His achillean pride made him blind to danger.
彼のアキレス的な誇りは彼を危険に対して盲目にした。
B1 noun ˈstæn.dədz

standards

基準
Meaning
A level of quality or attainment; a required or agreed level of quality or attainment.
Example
High standards inspire competitors.
高い基準は競技者を奮起させます。
C1 adjective /stɔːntʃ/

staunch

堅固な, 忠実な
Meaning
Loyal, committed, and firm in support.
Example
She is a staunch supporter of environmental protection.
彼女は環境保護の強固な支持者です。
C2 noun /ˈfeɪlæŋks/

phalanx

ファランクス
Meaning
A group of people or things arranged in a compact, close formation; also an ancient Greek military formation.
Example
A phalanx of reporters waited outside the courthouse.
報道陣のファランクスが裁判所の外で待っていた。
C1 verb /ˈhɪpnətaɪz/

hypnotize

催眠術をかける
Meaning
to put someone into a state of hypnosis; to influence someone's mind deeply
Example
The magician tried to hypnotize the audience.
マジシャンは観客をヒプノタイズしようとした。
C2 noun /djuːˈplɪsɪti/

duplicity

二重性
Meaning
Deceitfulness or double-dealing; dishonesty.
Example
Her duplicity was revealed during the investigation.
調査中に彼女の二重性が明らかになった。
B2 noun /iˈkɒl.ə.dʒi/

ecology

生態学
Meaning
the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment
Example
Ecology helps us understand how pollution affects animals and plants.
エコロジーは、汚染が動物や植物にどのように影響するかを理解する手助けをします。
B1 adverb /ˈkɒmənli/

commonly

一般的に
Meaning
usually or by most people
Example
This phrase is commonly used in everyday speech.
このフレーズは日常会話で一般的に使われます。
C2 adjective /vəˈlʌptʃuəs/

voluptuous

贅沢な
Meaning
Relating to or characterized by luxury and sensual pleasure; sexually attractive.
Example
The artist painted a voluptuous figure reclining on the couch.
アーティストはソファに横たわる贅沢な姿を描きました。
C1 noun /ˈhɒməˌfoʊn/

homophone

同音異義語
Meaning
A word that is pronounced the same as another word but differs in meaning, and often spelling.
Example
The words 'pair' and 'pear' are homophones.
「pair」と「pear」の単語は同音異義語です。
B2 interjection /ˈbrɑː.voʊ/

bravo

ブラボー
Meaning
used to express approval, admiration, or praise
Example
The audience shouted 'Bravo!' after the stunning performance.
観客は素晴らしいパフォーマンスの後で「ブラボー！」と叫びました。
C1 noun /ɪkˈspæns/

expanse

広大な地域
Meaning
a wide, open area of land, sea, or sky
Example
The desert is a vast expanse of sand and rock.
砂漠は広大な砂と岩の地域です。
C2 verb /raɪv/

rive

裂ける
Meaning
to tear apart violently
Example
The earthquake rived the ground in several places.
地震がいくつかの場所で地面を裂けました。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnˌkɒnsɪˈkwɛnʃəl/

inconsequential

重要でない
Meaning
Not important or significant; too small to matter.
Example
The mistake was minor and inconsequential.
その間違いは小さく、重要ではありませんでした。
A2 noun /ˈmærɪdʒ/

marriage

幸せ
Meaning
The legally or formally recognized union of two people as partners in a personal relationship.
Example
Their marriage lasted for over thirty years.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠せなかった。
A2 noun /ˈkændi/

candy

キャンディ
Meaning
a sweet food made with sugar or chocolate, often in small pieces
Example
The children were excited to get candy on Halloween.
子供たちはハロウィンでキャンディをもらって興奮していた。
C1 noun /ˈʃoʊ.və.nɪst/

chauvinist

過度に偏った人物
Meaning
A person displaying excessive or prejudiced loyalty to a group, cause, or gender.
Example
He was labeled a chauvinist after his remarks about women in the workplace.
職場で女性についての彼の発言の後、彼はショービニストとラベル付けされた。
C1 noun /ʌpˈhiːvəl/

upheaval

激変
Meaning
a violent or sudden change or disruption to something
Example
The company faced a major upheaval after the sudden resignation of its CEO.
その会社は、CEOの突然の辞任後、大きな激変を経験しました。
B2 adjective ˈmɒn.ɪ.tri

monetary

貨幣の
Meaning
Relating to money or currency.
Example
The monetary implications are significant for investors.
貨幣の影響は投資家にとって重要です。
C2 adjective /əˈsɛt.ɪk/

ascetic

禁欲的
Meaning
Practicing strict self-denial and abstaining from worldly pleasures, often for religious reasons.
Example
He lived an ascetic life in the mountains, far from worldly comforts.
彼は山の中で禁欲的な生活を送り、世俗的な快適さから遠ざかっていた。
C2 noun /ˈpɜːrvjuː/

purview

範囲
Meaning
the scope or range of authority, responsibility, or knowledge
Example
The case does not fall within the purview of this court.
この事件はこの裁判所の管轄外です。
C1 verb /ˈʌndərkʌt/

undercut

Meaning
to sell at a lower price than a competitor; to weaken or undermine something
Example
The company tried to undercut its rivals by offering lower prices.
C1 noun /ʃruː/

shrew

怒りっぽい女性 / 小さなネズミのような動物
Meaning
a small mouse-like animal; also a woman with a bad temper
Example
The play describes a strong-willed woman as a shrew.
この劇は強い意志を持った女性を怒りっぽい女性として描いています。
C2 noun /ˈkɒɡ.nɪ.zəns/

cognizance

認識
Meaning
Awareness, knowledge, or understanding of something; conscious perception.
Example
The judge took cognizance of the new evidence.
裁判官は新しい証拠に気づいた。
C2 adjective /rɪˈfʌldʒənt/

refulgent

輝く
Meaning
Shining brightly; radiant.
Example
The refulgent sun lit up the entire valley.
輝く太陽が谷全体を照らした。
B2 noun /wɜːrld ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt deɪ/

World Environment Day

世界環境デー
Meaning
An annual global event celebrated on June 5 to raise awareness about environmental protection and encourage action for environmental conservation.
Example
World Environment Day is celebrated every year on June 5.
世界環境デーは毎年6月5日に祝われます。
C2 noun /ˌpærəˈɡɔːrɪk/

paregoric

アヘンを含む薬
Meaning
a medicine containing opium, once used to relieve pain and diarrhea
Example
Doctors once prescribed paregoric to treat diarrhea in children.
医師はかつて子供の下痢を治療するためにパレゴリックを処方していた。
C2 noun /ɡiː/

Ghee

ギー
Meaning
clarified butter used in South Asian cooking
Example
She used ghee instead of butter for cooking the rice.
彼女は米を炊くとき、バターの代わりにギーを使った。
C2 adjective /ʌnˈspɛərɪŋ/

unsparing

容赦ない
Meaning
Showing no mercy or generosity; harsh or severe.
Example
The critic was unsparing in his review of the play.
批評家は彼の演劇レビューで容赦なかった。
C1 adjective /ɪˈnænɪmət/

inanimate

無生物
Meaning
not alive, especially not in the manner of animals and humans; lifeless
Example
The museum was full of inanimate objects from ancient times.
博物館には古代の無生物がいっぱいだった。
C1 verb /ˈbʌŋɡəl/

bungle

台無しにする
Meaning
To carry out a task clumsily or incompetently.
Example
He bungled the presentation and confused the audience.
彼はプレゼンテーションを台無しにし、聴衆を混乱させました。
C1 adjective /maɪˈɑːpɪk/

myopic

近視的な、視野が狭い
Meaning
lacking foresight or long-term perspective; also refers to nearsightedness
Example
The company’s myopic strategy led to long-term losses.
その会社の近視的な戦略は、長期的な損失を招いた。
A2 noun /pəˈluː.ʃən/

pollution

汚染
Meaning
The presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects.
Example
Industrial pollution harms marine life.
産業汚染は海洋生物に害を及ぼします。
C1 noun /ˈtæn.dəm/

Tandem

タンデム自転車
Meaning
a bicycle built for two riders, one behind the other
Example
The couple enjoyed riding their tandem bicycle through the park.
カップルは公園で自分たちのタンデム自転車に乗って楽しんでいました。