B1 noun /ˈfɪzɪks/

physics

物理学

Meaning

the natural science that studies matter, energy, and the interactions between them

Example

She decided to major in physics at the university.

彼女は大学で物理学を専攻することに決めました。

C2 noun/adjective /ælˈbaɪ.noʊ/

albino

アルビノ (色素が欠けている人/動物)

Meaning

A person, animal, or plant lacking normal pigmentation, resulting in pale skin, hair, and eyes.

Example

The albino rabbit had white fur and pink eyes.

アルビノウサギは白い毛とピンクの目を持っていました。

C1 noun ˌvɛn.əˈreɪ.ʃən

veneration

尊敬

Meaning

Great respect; reverence; the action of regarding with great respect or reverence.

Example

Many cultures show veneration for their ancestors.

多くの文化が祖先に対して尊敬を示します。

C2 noun /ˈsɑːrdʒənt ət ɑːrmz/

sergeant-at-arms

会議警備員

Meaning

An officer responsible for maintaining order during meetings or legislative sessions.

Example

The sergeant-at-arms escorted the disruptive member out of the hall.

会議警備員は、秩序を乱すメンバーを会場から退場させました。

C2 adjective /ˈroʊziət/

roseate

バラ色の、楽観的な

Meaning

Having a pink color; optimistic or idealistic.

Example

She looked at the future with roseate optimism.

彼女はローズ色の楽観主義で未来を見ました。

C2 noun /ˈbrɪk.bæt/

Brickbat

レンガの破片; 厳しい批判または非難

Meaning

a piece of brick, especially one used as a missile; harsh criticism or censure

Example

The angry protesters threw brickbats at the building windows.

怒った抗議者たちは建物の窓にレンガの破片を投げた。

B2 adjective /ˈsɜːrkjələr/

circular

円形の

Meaning

shaped like a circle; round in form

Example

The kids sat in a circular arrangement around the campfire.

子供たちはキャンプファイヤーの周りに円形の配置で座っていました。

C2 verb /ɛkˈskɔːrieɪt/

excoriate

厳しく批判する

Meaning

To strongly criticize someone; to denounce severely.

Example

The critic excoriated the film for its poor script.

批評家はその映画の悪い脚本を厳しく批判しました。

B1 noun /ˈmoʊ.ʃən/

Motion

動き; 移動の行動

Meaning

the action of moving or being moved; a formal proposal

Example

The car was in constant motion during the journey.

その車は旅の間、常に動いていました。

B2 adjective /ˈkeər.friː/

Carefree

心配のない; のんきな;

Meaning

free from anxiety or responsibility; lighthearted; worry-free

Example

She lived a carefree life, traveling the world without any worries.

彼女は心配事のない生活を送り、世界を心配なく旅していた。

C1 adjective /kəˈmɛmərətɪv/

commemorative

記念の

Meaning

Serving as a reminder or in honor of a person or event.

Example

They issued a commemorative coin for the independence anniversary.

彼らは独立記念日を祝うために記念コインを発行しました。

C1 adjective /ˈroʊtəri/

rotary

回転式

Meaning

Relating to or characterized by rotation; revolving around an axis.

Example

The machine uses a rotary engine to function efficiently.

その機械は効率的に動作するためにロータリーエンジンを使用しています。

C2 verb /əbˈvɜːrt/

obvert

反転する

Meaning

To turn something so as to face in a different direction; in logic, to convert a proposition by negating both subject and predicate.

Example

The teacher asked the students to obvert the statement for practice.

先生は生徒たちに練習のためにその声明をオブバートするように頼みました。

C1 noun /ˈɛmbləm/

emblem

象徴

Meaning

A symbolic object, design, or figure representing an idea, group, or identity.

Example

The dove is an emblem of peace.

鳩は平和の象徴です。

C1 noun /ɪnˈɛk.wɪ.ti/

inequity

不平等

Meaning

Lack of fairness or justice; unequal distribution or treatment.

Example

Social inequity continues to be a global issue.

社会的不平等は依然としてグローバルな問題です。

B2 noun ˈlænd.mɑːk

landmark

ランドマーク

Meaning

An object or feature of a landscape or town that is easily seen and recognized from a distance; an important stage or turning point.

Example

The space restaurant is a landmark in innovation.

スペースレストランは革新のランドマークです。

B2 verb /ˈbænɪʃ/

banish

追放する

Meaning

to send someone away from a place as punishment; to get rid of

Example

The king banished the traitor from the kingdom.

王は裏切り者を王国から追放した。

B1 noun, adjective /ˈkrɪmɪnəl/

criminal

犯罪者

Meaning

A person who has committed a crime; relating to crime

Example

The police arrested a dangerous criminal last night.

警察は昨夜、危険な犯罪者を逮捕しました。

B1 noun/adjective /ˈmæksɪməm/

maximum

最大

Meaning

the greatest or highest amount, value, or degree possible

Example

She scored the maximum marks in the exam.

彼女は試験で最大の点数を取った。

C2 adjective /sɛpˈtɛnɪəl/

septennial

7年ごとの

Meaning

Occurring every seven years.

Example

The festival is a septennial tradition in the village.

その祭りは村で7年ごとの伝統です。

C2 noun /ˈɪd.i.ə.si/

Idiocy

愚かさ

Meaning

extremely stupid behavior or actions; foolishness

Example

The decision to ignore safety protocols was pure idiocy that endangered everyone.

安全プロトコルを無視する決定は、すべての人を危険にさらす純粋な愚かさでした。

B2 noun /ˈæŋk.lət/

Anklet

足首飾り

Meaning

a piece of jewelry worn around the ankle

Example

She wore a beautiful silver anklet on her left foot.

彼女は左足に美しい銀のアンクレットを着けていた。

B2 adjective /kəmˈpærətɪv/

Comparative

比較の

Meaning

involving comparison between two or more things; relative

Example

The study showed comparative results between different teaching methods.

研究は異なる教育方法間の比較結果を示しました。

C1 adjective /ˌhɛtərəˈʤiːniəs/

heterogeneous

異種の

Meaning

consisting of different kinds or diverse elements

Example

The classroom was filled with a heterogeneous group of students.

教室は異種の学生のグループでいっぱいだった。

C1 noun /ʃəˈreɪd/

charade

シャレード、ジェスチャーゲーム

Meaning

an absurd pretense or act intended to deceive; also a word-guessing game

Example

The trial was nothing more than a political charade.

その裁判は単なる政治的なシャレードに過ぎなかった。

C1 adjective /ˈɔːrəl/

aural

聴覚の

Meaning

Relating to the ear or the sense of hearing.

Example

The lecture was an aural experience as well as an intellectual one.

講義は聴覚的な体験であり、知的な体験でもありました。

C2 noun /meɪndʒ/

mange

疥癬

Meaning

a skin disease in animals caused by parasitic mites, leading to hair loss and sores

Example

The stray dog was suffering from mange.

野良犬は疥癬に苦しんでいた。

A1 preposition /ɪn/

in

中

Meaning

expressing the situation of being enclosed or surrounded by something

Example

She is in the kitchen preparing dinner.

彼女は台所で夕食を準備している。

B2 noun /'ræd.ɪʃ/

Radish

ラディッシュ

Meaning

a small pungent edible root vegetable with white or red skin

Example

The farmer harvested fresh radishes from the garden.

農家は庭から新鮮なラディッシュを収穫しました。

C2 adjective /ˈɒsiəs/

osseous

骨のような

Meaning

consisting of or turned into bone; bony

Example

The fossil showed osseous structures of the ancient creature.

化石は古代の生物の骨のような構造を示しました。

B2 noun bækˈtɪə.ri.ə

bacteria

バクテリア

Meaning

A member of a large group of unicellular microorganisms which have cell walls but lack organelles and an organized nucleus.

Example

Specialized bacteria aid in waste decomposition.

専門的なバクテリアは廃棄物の分解を助けます。

C1 adjective /ɪˈmoʊbəl/

immobile

動けない

Meaning

unable to move or be moved

Example

After the accident, he was immobile for weeks.

事故の後、彼は数週間動けなかった。

C1 verb /ˈpæs.ɪ.faɪ/

pacify

鎮める

Meaning

To quell the anger, agitation, or excitement of someone.

Example

The mother tried to pacify her crying child.

母親は泣いている子を落ち着かせようとした。

C2 noun /ˈɡrænəri/

granary

穀物倉庫

Meaning

A storehouse for grain; a region that produces a large amount of grain

Example

The farmers stored their harvest in the village granary.

農民たちは村の穀物倉庫に収穫物を保管しました。

B2 noun /brɑːnz/

bronze

銅

Meaning

a metal made by combining copper and tin, often used for statues and medals

Example

The statue was made of solid bronze.

その像は固い銅でできていました。

C2 noun /æbˈsɪʒən/

abscission

葉の落下

Meaning

The natural detachment of parts of a plant, typically leaves or fruit.

Example

The autumn season is marked by the abscission of leaves from trees.

秋は木々から葉が落ちることで特徴づけられます。

C1 noun /wʊd ˈæp.əl/

Wood Apple

ウッドアップル

Meaning

a hard-shelled tropical fruit with aromatic pulp used in beverages and medicine

Example

The wood apple has a hard shell but sweet pulp inside.

ウッドアップルは硬い殻を持っていますが、内部には甘い果肉があります

C2 noun /ˈtʌmbrəl/

tumbrel

Meaning

A two-wheeled cart, especially one used during the French Revolution to carry prisoners to the guillotine.

Example

The prisoners were carried to the square in a wooden tumbrel.

B2 adverb /ˈnæʃənəli/

nationally

全国的に

Meaning

at the level of a whole nation; in a way that involves or affects an entire country

Example

The policy was implemented nationally to ensure equal benefits for all citizens.

その政策は、すべての市民に平等な利益を確保するため、全国的に実施された。

C1 adjective /ˈəʊnərəs/

onerous

重い

Meaning

involving a great deal of effort, difficulty, or burden

Example

Fulfilling the contract proved to be an onerous task for the company.

契約を履行することは会社にとって負担の大きい仕事だと証明された。

C1 noun /ˈspɛktər/

specter

幽霊

Meaning

A ghost or spirit; something that causes fear or dread.

Example

The specter of war still haunts the region.

戦争の幽霊は今でもその地域をおびやかしています。

C1 noun /rɪdʒ/

ridge

山の稜線または頂上

Meaning

a long, narrow hilltop, mountain range, or raised strip

Example

We walked along the mountain ridge.

私たちは山脈の稜線に沿って歩きました。

B2 verb /kəmˈpraɪz/

comprise

構成する

Meaning

To consist of or be made up of something.

Example

The committee comprises five members.

委員会は五人のメンバーで構成されています。

C1 noun /noʊm/

gnome

ノーム

Meaning

a small mythical creature, often depicted as a bearded man living underground; also a figurine used in gardens

Example

The garden was decorated with a gnome statue.

庭にはノームの像が飾られていました。

B2 noun /ˌæbəˈlɪʃən/

abolition

廃止

Meaning

the act of formally ending or eliminating a system, practice, or institution

Example

The abolition of slavery was a major milestone in human rights history.

奴隷制度の廃止は人権の歴史における重要な節目でした。

A2 adjective /pjʊər/

Pure

純粋な; 清潔な; 汚れのない; 差別のない;

Meaning

clean; clear; untainted; without discrimination;

Example

The water from the mountain spring is pure.

山の泉からの水は純粋です。

B2 adjective /ˈʃeɪm.fəl/

Shameful

恥ずかしい; 不名誉な; 恥ずかしい

Meaning

causing shame; disgraceful; embarrassing

Example

His shameful behavior embarrassed the entire family.

彼の恥ずかしい行動は家族全員を困惑させました。

C2 adjective /ˈtɪmərəs/

timorous

臆病な

Meaning

showing or suffering from nervousness, fear, or lack of confidence

Example

The timorous student hesitated to ask the teacher a question.

その臆病な学生は、教師に質問するのをためらいました。

B2 noun /traʊt/

Trout

マス

Meaning

a freshwater fish species known for its delicate flavor and often found in cold, clear waters

Example

Rainbow trout is popular among anglers for sport fishing.

レインボートラウトはスポーツフィッシングの中で人気があります。

B2 adjective /ʌnˈrɪəl/

unreal

非現実的な

Meaning

not real or not based on reality; exaggerated or imaginary

Example

The experience felt unreal after the sudden news.

突然の知らせの後、その体験は非現実的に感じられた。

C2 noun /ˌvæs.ɪˈleɪ.ʃən/

Vacillation

迷い

Meaning

the inability to decide between different opinions or actions; indecision

Example

His constant vacillation between career choices frustrated his parents.

彼のキャリア選択の間の絶え間ない揺れは、彼の親を困惑させました。

B1 noun /ɪnˈʃʊərəns/

insurance

保険

Meaning

An arrangement by which a company provides compensation for loss, damage, or illness in return for a premium.

Example

He bought health insurance to cover medical expenses.

彼は医療費をカバーするために健康保険に加入しました。

A1 adjective /əˈfreɪd/

afraid

怖がっている

Meaning

feeling fear or anxiety; worried that something undesirable will happen

Example

She was afraid of the dark.

彼女は暗闇を怖がっていた。

A2 adjective /ˈɔːfəl/

awful

ひどい

Meaning

very bad or unpleasant

Example

The weather was awful during our trip.

旅行中、天気はひどかった。

C2 adjective /sɪər/

sere

枯れた

Meaning

Dry or withered, especially vegetation.

Example

The sere leaves crumbled under his feet.

枯れた葉が彼の足元で崩れた。

C2 verb /ˌdɒmɪˈnɪə/

domineer

支配する

Meaning

to assert one's will over another in an arrogant way

Example

He tends to domineer over his younger colleagues.

彼は若い同僚に対して支配的な態度を取ることが多い。

C2 noun /ˌprɪnsɪˈpæləti/

principality

公国

Meaning

a state ruled by a prince

Example

Monaco is a famous principality in Europe.

モナコはヨーロッパで有名な公国です。

B1 noun /səˈlɛbrɪti/

celebrity

有名人

Meaning

a famous person, especially in entertainment or sports

Example

The celebrity was surrounded by fans at the airport.

その有名人は空港でファンに囲まれていた。

B2 adjective /ʌnˈriːdəbl/

unreadable

読めない

Meaning

not able to be read or understood clearly; illegible

Example

The doctor’s handwriting was completely unreadable.

医者の字は完全に読めなかった。

B2 noun ˈsʌbˌaɪtəlz

subtitles

字幕

Meaning

Captions displayed at the bottom of a movie or television screen that translate or transcribe the dialogue or narrative.

Example

Use subtitles for better understanding.

より良い理解のために字幕を使用してください。

C1 noun /ˈpruːdəns/

prudence

慎重

Meaning

The quality of being cautious, wise, and exercising good judgment.

Example

She invested her money with great prudence.

彼女は非常に慎重にお金を投資した。

C1 noun /ˌʌnriˈælɪti/

unreality

非現実感

Meaning

the state or quality of being unreal; lack of reality or truth

Example

The dreamlike setting gave the story a sense of unreality.

夢のような舞台は物語に非現実感を与えた。

C2 noun, adjective /ˌæntiˌspæzˈmɒdɪk/

antispasmodic

抗痙攣薬

Meaning

A drug or agent that relieves or prevents muscle spasms.

Example

The doctor prescribed an antispasmodic to ease the pain.

医者は痛みを和らげるために抗痙攣薬を処方しました。

B1 adjective /ˈprɪn.sə.pəl/

Principal

主要な; 最も重要な; 主な; 校長

Meaning

main; primary; most important; chief

Example

The principal reason for the meeting was to discuss the budget.

会議の主要な理由は予算について議論することでした。

C2 verb /əˈbɛt/

abet

Meaning

to encourage or assist someone to commit a crime or wrongdoing

Example

He was accused of abetting the criminals in their escape.

A2 noun /ˈɒbdʒɪkt/

object

物体

Meaning

a thing that can be seen and touched

Example

The table is an object in the room.

テーブルは部屋の中の物体です。

B2 noun fəˈtiːɡ

fatigue

疲労

Meaning

Physical or mental exhaustion due to prolonged exertion or mental stress

Example

Lack of sleep leads to extreme fatigue.

睡眠不足は極度の疲労を引き起こします。

C2 adjective /ˌæktʃuˈɛəriəl/

actuarial

アクチュアリール

Meaning

Relating to actuaries or their work of analyzing financial risk and uncertainty, especially in insurance and pensions.

Example

The company relied on actuarial reports to set insurance premiums.

その会社は保険料を設定するためにアクチュアリール報告書に依存していた。

A1 noun /faɪv/

five

五

Meaning

The number 5; one more than four and one less than six.

Example

She bought five apples from the market.

彼女は市場で五つのリンゴを買いました。

B2 noun /ˌprɒb.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

Probability

確率

Meaning

the likelihood that something will happen; a mathematical measure of how likely something is to occur

Example

There is a high probability of rain tomorrow.

明日は高い確率で雨が降るでしょう。

C2 noun /ˌhoʊ.mi.oʊˈsteɪ.sɪs/

homeostasis

体内の均衡、生理的過程によって維持される生理的安定性

Meaning

The tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.

Example

The human body maintains homeostasis through temperature regulation.

人間の体は温度調節によってホメオスタシスを維持します。

C2 noun /ˌskʌlˈdʌɡəri/

skullduggery

不正行為

Meaning

dishonest behavior or activities, often done secretly

Example

The election was full of political skullduggery.

選挙は政治的不正行為に満ちていた。

C1 noun/verb mælˈfʌŋk.ʃən

malfunction

故障

Meaning

A failure to function normally or satisfactorily; a defect or breakdown.

Example

The engine malfunctioned due to overheating.

エンジンは過熱のため故障しました。

B1 noun /bɪˈhɑːf/

behalf

を代表して

Meaning

as a representative of someone; in the interest of someone

Example

She accepted the award on behalf of her team.

彼女はチームを代表して賞を受け取りました。

C1 noun /ˌpɜː.mɪˈæbɪlɪti/

permeability

透過性、液体や気体が通過できる特性または状態

Meaning

The quality or state of being permeable; allowing liquids or gases to pass through.

Example

The permeability of the soil affects water retention.

土壌の透過性は水分保持に影響を与えます。

B2 noun, verb /tæɡ/

tag

Meaning

a label attached to something for identification or information; or to attach such a label

Example

She tagged her luggage before boarding the plane.

C1 adjective /ˌʌnbɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

unbecoming

不適切

Meaning

Not proper or appropriate for a person; unsuitable.

Example

His rude behavior was unbecoming of a leader.

彼の無礼な態度はリーダーとして不適切だった。

B2 noun /ˈɛksələns/

excellence

卓越

Meaning

the quality of being outstanding or extremely good

Example

The school is known for its academic excellence.

その学校は学術的な卓越性で知られています。

C1 verb /ˈʃrɪvəl/

shrivel

しわになる

Meaning

To become dry, wrinkled, and smaller due to lack of moisture.

Example

The flowers shriveled under the hot sun.

花は暑い太陽の下でしわになった。

B2 verb/noun /buː/

boo

Meaning

To show disapproval by shouting 'boo'; or a sound made to surprise or scare.

Example

The audience began to boo the bad performance.

B2 noun /ˈwɜːk.fləʊ/

workflow

作業の流れ、プロセスの順序

Meaning

The sequence of processes through which a piece of work passes from initiation to completion.

Example

A well-structured workflow enhances productivity.

よく構成されたワークフローは生産性を高めます。

C2 adjective /ɪkˈskɜːsɪv/

excursive

逸脱した

Meaning

Tending to digress or wander; moving away from the main subject.

Example

His excursive lecture left the students confused about the main topic.

彼の逸脱した講義は、学生たちを主題について混乱させました。

C1 adjective /ˈheɪt.fəl/

Hateful

憎しみの

Meaning

causing or deserving hatred; extremely unpleasant or offensive

Example

His hateful comments hurt everyone's feelings.

彼の憎しみを込めたコメントは皆の感情を傷つけました。

C1 noun /suˈpriː.mə.si/

Supremacy

至高性; 最高の権威または力

Meaning

the state of being supreme; highest authority or power

Example

The country established naval supremacy in the region.

その国は地域で海軍の至高性を確立しました。

B1 noun ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ æps

language apps

言語アプリ

Meaning

Mobile or computer applications designed to help users learn new languages through interactive lessons and exercises.

Example

Language apps make learning easier.

言語アプリは学習を簡単にします。

B1 noun /bɪərd/

Beard

ひげ

Meaning

hair that grows on the chin and lower cheeks of a man's face

Example

He grew a long beard during the winter months.

彼は冬の間に長いひげを伸ばしました。

C2 adjective /ˌdɒktrɪˈnɛər/

doctrinaire

教条主義者

Meaning

stubbornly devoted to a theory or doctrine without regard to practical considerations

Example

His doctrinaire approach to politics alienated many supporters.

彼の教条主義的な政治アプローチは、多くの支持者を遠ざけた。

C1 verb /wɪlt/

wilt

しおれる

Meaning

To become limp, weak, or drooping, often due to lack of water or energy.

Example

The flowers wilted in the heat of the sun.

花は太陽の熱でしおれた。

B2 noun ˌæd.æpˈteɪ.ʃən

adaptation

適応

Meaning

The action or process of adapting or being adapted.

Example

Adaptation to climate change is critical for resilience.

気候変動への適応は回復力にとって重要です。

C2 noun /foʊˈtɑːmɪtri/

photometry

光測定学

Meaning

the science of measuring visible light in terms of its perceived brightness to human eyes

Example

Photometry helps in designing efficient lighting systems.

フォトメトリーは効率的な照明システムの設計に役立ちます。

B2 noun /səbˈskraɪbər/

subscriber

サブスクライバー

Meaning

a person who receives or subscribes to a service, magazine, or service

Example

She is a subscriber to the monthly magazine.

彼女は月刊誌のサブスクライバーです。

C1 noun /ˈɑːr.sən.əl/

arsenal

兵器庫

Meaning

A collection or storage place for weapons and military equipment.

Example

The army kept its weapons in a secure arsenal.

軍隊は武器を安全な兵器庫に保管していた。

C2 adjective/adverb /ˌæ.prəˈpoʊ/

apropos

適切

Meaning

Appropriate to the situation; relevant. As an adverb, it means 'with reference to' or 'regarding'.

Example

His comments were not apropos of the discussion.

彼のコメントは議論には適切ではなかった。

A2 verb /dʒɔɪn/

join

参加する

Meaning

to connect or combine; to become a member of something

Example

Would you like to join our team for the project?

プロジェクトのために私たちのチームに参加しますか？

C1 adjective /ˈkrɛdɪtəbl/

creditable

称賛に値する

Meaning

Deserving praise or acknowledgment, though not necessarily outstanding.

Example

She made a creditable effort in completing the project on time.

彼女は時間通りにプロジェクトを完了するために称賛に値する努力をしました。

C2 noun /ˈdʒuː.dɪˌkeɪ.tʃər/

judicature

司法制度

Meaning

the administration of justice or the system of courts

Example

The judicature ensures that laws are fairly applied.

司法制度は法律が公平に適用されることを保証します。

C2 noun/verb /ˈkʌdʒ.əl/

cudgel

棒

Meaning

A short, thick stick used as a weapon; to beat with a cudgel.

Example

The guard used a cudgel to chase away the thief.

警備員は棒を使って泥棒を追い払った。

C2 verb /haɪˈpɒθɪkeɪt/

hypothecate

Meaning

to pledge something, such as property, as security for a debt without giving up possession of it.

Example

The company hypothecated its assets to secure the loan.

A2 pronoun /hɪmˈself/

himself

自分自身

Meaning

Used to emphasize that a male person does something by his own effort.

Example

He fixed the car himself.

彼は自分自身で車を修理しました。

C2 noun /ˌpærəˈnɔɪæk/

paranoiac

パラノイア的な人

Meaning

A person who suffers from paranoia or exhibits extreme, irrational distrust and suspicion.

Example

The paranoiac refused to leave his house, fearing everyone was against him.

そのパラノイア的な人は、みんなが自分に反対していると恐れて家を出ることを拒んだ。

C2 noun juːˈbɪkwɪti

ubiquity

遍在性

Meaning

The fact of appearing everywhere or of being very common.

Example

The ubiquity of smartphones has transformed communication.

スマートフォンの遍在性は、コミュニケーションを変革しました。

B2 noun /ˈpen neɪm/

Pen-name

ペンネーム

Meaning

a fictitious name used by an author instead of their real name; a pseudonym

Example

Mark Twain was the pen-name of Samuel Clemens.

マーク・トウェインはサミュエル・クレメンズのペンネームでした。

C1 verb /dɪˈpliːt/

deplete

使い果たす

Meaning

to reduce the quantity or supply of something

Example

The long war has depleted the country's resources.

長引く戦争で国の資源は枯渇した。

C2 adjective /rɪˈdjuːsəbl̩/

reducible

Meaning

capable of being simplified, lessened, or made smaller

Example

The problem is complex but reducible to a few basic principles.

C2 noun /ˈsɔː.dər/

Sawder

お世辞; おべっか

Meaning

flattering or wheedling talk; soft soap

Example

His sawder couldn't convince anyone of his sincerity.

彼のオベッカは誰にも彼の誠実さを納得させることができなかった。

B2 verb /ˈstɑːrtl/

startle

驚かせる

Meaning

To surprise or frighten someone suddenly.

Example

The loud noise startled the children.

大きな音が子供たちを驚かせた。

C1 noun delˈteɪɪk ˈlændskeɪp

deltaic landscape

デルタ地形

Meaning

A geographical area formed by sediment deposits at the mouth of a river, creating a triangular land formation.

Example

Bangladesh has a unique deltaic landscape.

バングラデシュにはユニークなデルタ地形があります。

C2 adjective /trænzˈmɪsəbl/

transmissible

感染性

Meaning

able to be passed or spread from one person or thing to another

Example

COVID-19 is a highly transmissible disease.

COVID-19 は非常に感染しやすい病気です。

B2 adjective /ˈtrʌst.wɜː.ði/

Trustworthy

信頼できる

Meaning

able to be relied on as honest or truthful; deserving of trust

Example

He is a trustworthy friend who always keeps his promises.

彼はいつも約束を守る信頼できる友人です。

A2 verb /kənˈfjuːz/

confuse

混乱させる

Meaning

To make someone unable to think clearly; to bewilder.

Example

The complex instructions confused the students.

複雑な指示が学生を混乱させた。

B1 noun /ˈprɪnsɪpl/

principle

原則

Meaning

A fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system of belief or behavior.

Example

Honesty is a key principle of leadership.

正直さはリーダーシップの重要な原則です。

B2 adverb /əˈfek.ʃən.ət.li/

Affectionately

愛情を込めて

Meaning

in a way that shows feelings of liking or love; with fondness and care

Example

She hugged her grandmother affectionately.

彼女はおばあちゃんを愛情を込めて抱きしめました。

C1 noun ˈtær.ɪf

tariff

関税または輸出入税

Meaning

A tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports.

Example

The government imposed high tariffs on luxury goods.

政府は高級品に高い関税を課しました。

C1 noun/verb /ˈvɑːrnɪʃ/

varnish

ニス

Meaning

A liquid that is applied to wood or other materials to form a hard, shiny surface; also to apply such a liquid.

Example

The carpenter varnished the table to give it a glossy finish.

大工はテーブルに光沢を与えるためにニスを塗った。

B2 adjective /ˌdɪsəˈɡriːəbl/

disagreeable

不快

Meaning

Unpleasant or offensive; causing discomfort or annoyance.

Example

The weather was cold and disagreeable.

天気は寒くて不快だった。

B2 noun /ˈmæd.nəs/

Madness

狂気; 精神錯乱;

Meaning

the state of being mentally ill, especially severely; extremely foolish behavior

Example

It would be madness to drive in this storm.

この嵐の中で運転するのは狂気だろう。

C1 adjective /ɪˈfɛm.ər.əl/

ephemeral

儚い

Meaning

Lasting for a very short time; temporary or transitory.

Example

The beauty of cherry blossoms is ephemeral.

桜の花の美しさは儚い。

C2 noun /ɑːmz/

alms

施し

Meaning

Money, food, or goods given to the poor as charity.

Example

The monk distributed alms to the needy villagers.

僧侶は貧しい村人たちに施しを分け与えた。

C2 noun /əˈluːviən/

alluvion

アリュビオン

Meaning

The gradual increase of land by the deposit of soil from water; also, a flood or overflow of water.

Example

The river’s alluvion added new fertile land to the village fields.

川のアリュビオンは村の畑に新しい肥沃な土地を加えました。

C1 adjective /fəˈnætɪk/

Fanatic

熱狂的な

Meaning

extremely passionate about something; showing excessive enthusiasm or devotion

Example

He is a fanatic supporter of his football team.

彼はサッカーチームの熱狂的なサポーターです。

C2 adjective /ˈæprəbəˌtɔːri/

approbatory

称賛の

Meaning

expressing approval or praise

Example

The teacher gave an approbatory nod after reading the essay.

教師はエッセイを読んだ後、称賛の意を込めてうなずいた。