C2 noun /ˌpɜːrtərˈbeɪʃn/

perturbation

混乱

Meaning

A state of anxiety, disturbance, or disorder.

Example

The announcement caused a perturbation in the financial markets.

発表は金融市場に混乱を引き起こしました。

C1 adjective /ˈpɒs.tʃə.məs/

Posthumous

死後

Meaning

occurring or continuing after death; published after the author's death

Example

The author received a posthumous award for his last novel.

作者は最後の小説に対して死後の賞を受け取りました。

C2 noun /ɪmˌprɒb.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

Improbability

不確実性

Meaning

the quality or state of being improbable; unlikely to be true or to happen

Example

The improbability of winning the lottery twice didn't stop her from buying tickets.

ロトで二回連続で当選する可能性の低さは、彼女がチケットを買うのを止めませんでした。

B1 noun /ˈlæftər/

laughter

笑い

Meaning

the act or sound of laughing

Example

The room was filled with laughter.

部屋は笑いで満ちていた。

C2 adjective /ˈklɛmənt/

clement

温和な / 慈悲深い

Meaning

mild or merciful; describing weather as mild and pleasant

Example

The prisoners hoped for a clement judge.

囚人たちは温和な裁判官を望んでいた。

B2 noun /ˈspætʃ.ʊ.lə/

Spatula

スパチュラ

Meaning

a kitchen utensil with a flat, flexible blade used for mixing, spreading, or lifting food

Example

I used a spatula to flip the pancakes in the pan.

私はフライパンでパンケーキをひっくり返すためにスパチュラを使いました。

B2 adjective /ˈhek.tɪk/

Hectic

忙しい; 熱狂的; 活動的な

Meaning

very busy and full of activity; frantic; characterized by intense activity or excitement

Example

My schedule has been hectic lately with back-to-back meetings.

最近、私のスケジュールは立て続けの会議で忙しくなっています。

B2 verb /feɪnt/

faint

気絶する

Meaning

to lose consciousness for a short time because of a temporary lack of oxygen to the brain

Example

He felt dizzy and fainted in the heat.

彼はめまいを感じ、暑さで気を失った。

C2 adjective /ʌkˈsɔːriəs/

uxorious

妻に対して過度に愛情深い

Meaning

excessively fond of or submissive to one's wife

Example

He was so uxorious that he agreed with everything his wife said.

彼は妻に対してそれほどまでに uxorious で、妻が言ったことすべてに同意しました。

B2 adjective /ˈsoʊʃəbəl/

Sociable

社交的; 友好的; 外向的

Meaning

friendly and enjoys being with other people; outgoing

Example

She is very sociable and makes friends easily.

彼女はとても社交的で、簡単に友達を作ります。

C2 adjective /prɪˈzʌmptɪv/

presumptive

推定

Meaning

Based on probability or assumption rather than proof.

Example

She is the presumptive nominee for the party.

彼女はその党の推定候補者です。

B2 noun /pænt/

Pant

パンツ

Meaning

a piece of clothing worn on the lower body covering each leg separately

Example

She bought a new pair of pants for the party.

彼女はパーティーのために新しいパンツを買った。

A2 noun /tɪp/

tip

アドバイス

Meaning

a small but useful piece of advice

Example

I received a tip on how to improve my presentation.

プレゼンテーションを改善する方法についてアドバイスをもらいました。

B2 noun /əˈluːmɪnəm/

aluminum

アルミニウム

Meaning

a lightweight silvery metal used for making cans, foils, and other items

Example

The airplane body is made of strong but light aluminum.

飛行機の機体は強いが軽いアルミニウムで作られています。

B1 adjective /ˈkæʒ.u.əl/

Casual

リラックスして無頓着; 偶然の; 非公式

Meaning

relaxed and unconcerned; happening by chance; informal

Example

He wore casual clothes to the party.

彼はパーティーにカジュアルな服を着て行った。

C1 noun /ˌkɒŋɡrɪˈɡeɪʃən/

congregation

集会

Meaning

a group of people assembled for religious worship or a common purpose

Example

The congregation gathered to hear the sermon.

集会は説教を聞くために集まりました。

B2 verb /flɪp/

flip

ひっくり返す

Meaning

to turn over quickly or suddenly; to toss lightly

Example

She flipped the pancake in the pan.

彼女はパンケーキをフライパンでひっくり返した。

B2 adjective /blænd/

bland

無味

Meaning

lacking strong features, flavor, or character; dull or uninteresting

Example

The soup was too bland for my taste.

このスープは私の好みにとっては無味でした。

A1 noun /ˈkɒf.i/

Coffee

コーヒー

Meaning

a hot drink made from roasted coffee beans

Example

I need a cup of coffee to start my morning.

私は朝を始めるためにコーヒーが必要です。

A1 noun /ˈjɛstərdeɪ/

yesterday

昨日

Meaning

the day before today

Example

Yesterday, we went to the park.

昨日、公園に行きました。

B2 verb /prəˈvoʊk/

provoke

挑発する

Meaning

To cause someone to become angry or to cause a reaction.

Example

His words provoked a heated argument.

彼の言葉は激しい議論を引き起こした。

C1 noun /ɪˈklɪps/

Eclipse

日食 (太陽または月)

Meaning

an obscuring of light from one celestial body by another; a decline or loss

Example

The total solar eclipse darkened the sky for several minutes.

完全な太陽日食は数分間空を暗くしました。

C2 adjective /ˈnjuːbaɪl/

nubile

未婚女性

Meaning

of a young woman, sexually mature and suitable for marriage

Example

The village was celebrating the festival with its nubile maidens dancing.

村はその未婚女性たちが踊る祭りを祝っていました。

C2 noun /ˈkælvɪnɪzəm/

calvinism

カルヴァン主義

Meaning

A Protestant theological system based on John Calvin’s teachings, emphasizing predestination and the sovereignty of God.

Example

Calvinism played a major role in shaping Protestant theology.

カルヴァン主義はプロテスタント神学の形成に重要な役割を果たした。

C1 noun /ˌkɒmpɪˈleɪʃən/

compilation

コンピレーション

Meaning

a collection of things, especially pieces of writing or music, gathered together

Example

The book is a compilation of his best essays.

その本は彼の最高のエッセイのコンピレーションです。

C2 noun /ˈɡʌl.i/

gully

渓谷、小川

Meaning

A narrow channel or ravine worn away by water.

Example

After the storm, the road was cut by a deep gully.

嵐の後、道路は深い谷によって切り開かれました。

C2 adjective /ˈlæk.ti.əl/

lacteal

ミルクに関連するまたはミルクのような

Meaning

Relating to or resembling milk; conveying chyle or milky fluid.

Example

The lacteal vessels in the small intestine absorb dietary fats.

小腸の乳腺血管が食事の脂肪を吸収します。

C1 noun /səbˈdʒɛkʃən/

subjection

服従

Meaning

the act of bringing someone or something under control or domination

Example

The people suffered under the subjection of a cruel ruler.

人々は残虐な支配者の下で苦しんでいた。

C2 verb /ɪsˈtʃuː/

eschew

避ける

Meaning

to deliberately avoid or abstain from something

Example

She chose to eschew junk food for a healthier diet.

彼女は健康的な食事のためにジャンクフードを避けることを選びました。

C1 noun /ˈɒktɪv/

octave

Meaning

A series of eight musical notes, or the interval between one musical pitch and another with double its frequency.

Example

The singer's voice could easily reach the higher octave.

B2 noun ˈnɒv.əl.ti

novelty

新規性

Meaning

The quality of being new, original, or unusual; a new or unfamiliar thing or experience.

Example

The novelty of the invention attracted investors.

発明の新規性が投資家を引き付けました。

A2 adjective /ˈmeɪdʒər/

major

重要な

Meaning

important, serious, or significant

Example

Climate change is a major concern for the world.

気候変動は世界にとって重大な懸念事項です。

C1 adjective /ˈstɛriəˌtaɪpt/

stereotyped

固定観念的な

Meaning

Conforming to a fixed or oversimplified idea of what someone or something is like.

Example

His stereotyped jokes failed to impress the audience.

彼の固定観念的なジョークは観客を感動させられなかった。

C2 noun /ˈkeɪ.nə.naɪt/

canaanite

カナン人

Meaning

a member of a people who lived in the ancient land of Canaan in the Middle East

Example

The Canaanites were known for their advanced trade networks.

カナアン人は先進的な貿易ネットワークで知られていました。

B2 adjective /ɔːˈθen.tɪk/

Authentic

本物の; 真実の; 偽物ではない

Meaning

genuine; real; not fake or copied

Example

The museum displays only authentic artifacts from ancient civilizations.

博物館は古代文明からの本物の遺物のみを展示しています。

C2 adjective /ˈbaɪ.fərˌkeɪ.tɪd/

bifurcated

二つに分かれた

Meaning

Divided into two branches or parts.

Example

The river became bifurcated as it flowed around the island.

川は島の周りを流れる際に二つに分かれました。

C1 verb /ˈmɒd.jʊ.leɪt/

modulate

調整する

Meaning

To change the strength, tone, or pitch of something; to adjust or regulate.

Example

A good speaker knows how to modulate their voice.

良いスピーカーは、自分の声を調整する方法を知っています。

C2 noun /ˈdʒuː.dɪˌkeɪ.tʃər/

judicature

司法制度

Meaning

the administration of justice or the system of courts

Example

The judicature ensures that laws are fairly applied.

司法制度は法律が公平に適用されることを保証します。

A2 verb /ʃeɪk/

shake

揺れる

Meaning

to move quickly back and forth; to tremble

Example

The earthquake made the building shake.

地震で建物が揺れた。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈtjuː.ɪ.tɪv/

intuitive

直感的

Meaning

Based on instinctive understanding rather than reasoning.

Example

The software has an intuitive design that makes it easy to use.

そのソフトウェアは直感的なデザインを持っており、使いやすいです。

A2 adjective /ˈnɜː.vəs/

Nervous

神経質な, 緊張した

Meaning

feeling anxious or worried; relating to the nerves; easily agitated

Example

She felt nervous before her job interview.

彼女は面接の前に緊張していた。

C2 verb /prɒɡˈnɒstɪkeɪt/

prognosticate

予測する

Meaning

To foretell or predict future events, especially based on current signs.

Example

Experts attempted to prognosticate the outcome of the election.

専門家たちは選挙の結果を予測しようとした。

C2 adjective /ˈvɪsɪd/

viscid

粘着性のある

Meaning

Having a thick, sticky consistency.

Example

The sap had a viscid texture that stuck to his hands.

樹液はべたべたした質感で、彼の手にくっついていた。

C1 adjective /ˈpaɪ.əs/

Pious

敬虔な

Meaning

devoutly religious; showing reverence for God

Example

The pious monk spent hours in prayer every day.

敬虔な修道士は毎日何時間も祈りに捧げた。

C1 noun /ˈkɒndjuɪt/ or /ˈkɑːnduɪt/

conduit

導管 / 手段

Meaning

a channel or pipe for conveying water, electricity, or information

Example

The cable was placed inside a protective conduit.

ケーブルは保護された導管内に配置されました。

B2 adjective ɪˈvɒlvɪŋ

evolving

進化する

Meaning

Developing gradually, especially from a simple to a more complex form; changing and developing.

Example

Education plays a role in evolving societal norms.

教育は社会的規範の進化において役割を果たします。

C2 adjective /ˈseɪpiənt/

sapient

賢明な

Meaning

Wise, or appearing to be wise.

Example

The professor gave a sapient response to the complex question.

教授は複雑な質問に賢明な回答をしました。

C1 noun /rɪˈvɜːrʒən/

reversion

逆転

Meaning

the act of returning to a previous state or condition

Example

The new policy marked a reversion to traditional methods.

新しい政策は伝統的な方法への逆転を意味しました。

C1 noun /ˌpiːdiˈætrɪks/

pediatrics

小児科

Meaning

the branch of medicine dealing with the health and medical care of children

Example

She decided to specialize in pediatrics after medical school.

彼女は医科大学を卒業後、小児科を専門にすることに決めました。

C1 adjective /ɪˈleɪtɪd/

elated

非常に幸せ

Meaning

Extremely happy and excited.

Example

She was elated when she heard the good news.

良い知らせを聞いたとき、彼女は非常に幸せでした。

C2 noun /ˈkɒl.ə.kwi/

colloquy

正式な対話

Meaning

A formal conversation or dialogue, often on serious or academic topics.

Example

The professors engaged in a deep colloquy about the future of education.

教授たちは教育の未来について深い対話を交わしました。

C1 noun /ˈkɑːrdəməm/

Cardamom

カルダモン

Meaning

aromatic seeds from a plant in the ginger family, used as a spice

Example

The recipe calls for a pinch of ground cardamom.

レシピにはひとつまみの粉末カルダモンが必要です。

C1 verb /zæɡ/

zag

急激に方向転換する

Meaning

to make a sharp change in direction, especially in a zigzag pattern

Example

The rabbit zagged quickly to escape the fox.

ウサギは狐から逃げるために素早く急激に方向転換した。

C1 verb /dʒæb/

jab

Meaning

To poke or thrust quickly, often with a finger or something pointed.

Example

He jabbed his finger at the map to show the location.

A1 noun /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

building

建物

Meaning

A structure with a roof and walls, such as a house, school, or office.

Example

The old building was renovated into a museum.

古い建物は博物館に改築されました。

B2 noun /hʊd/

Hood

フッド

Meaning

the expandable neck region of certain snakes like cobras; a covering for the head

Example

The cobra spread its hood when it felt threatened.

コブラは脅威を感じるとフッドを広げました。

C2 noun /ˌnɛɡlɪˈʒeɪ/

negligee

軽いシルクの寝間着

Meaning

A woman's light dressing gown, often made of thin or silky material.

Example

She wore a silk negligee before going to bed.

彼女は寝る前にシルクのネグリジェを着ていました。

B1 noun /ˈdeə.ri/

Dairy

牛乳が生産される建物や農場; 牛乳から作られた製品; 牛乳と乳製品を販売する店

Meaning

a building or farm where milk is produced; products made from milk; a shop selling milk and milk products

Example

The local dairy provides fresh milk and cheese to the entire neighborhood.

地元のデイリーは、新鮮な牛乳とチーズを地域全体に提供しています。

C2 verb /deɪn/

deign

自分の尊厳を損ねて何かをする

Meaning

to do something considered beneath one's dignity

Example

The king did not deign to reply to the commoner.

王は平民に返答することをしなかった。

C1 adjective /ˌɪnɑːrˈtɪkjʊlət/

inarticulate

言葉が不明瞭

Meaning

Unable to express oneself clearly or effectively in speech or writing.

Example

She became inarticulate with emotion during the speech.

彼女はスピーチ中に感情で言葉が不明瞭になった。

A1 noun /fəʊn/

phone

電話

Meaning

a device for communication, typically used to make calls or send messages

Example

I need to charge my phone.

私は電話を充電する必要があります。

B2 adjective /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/

distinctive

特徴的

Meaning

having a quality or characteristic that makes something different and easily noticed

Example

The restaurant is known for its distinctive flavors.

そのレストランは独特の風味で知られています。

B1 adjective /ˈtʃɑːr.mɪŋ/

charming

魅力的

Meaning

Very pleasing or delightful in a way that attracts people.

Example

The village is full of charming little houses.

その村は魅力的な小さな家で満ちています。

B2 adjective ˈræd.ɪ.kəl

radical

伝統的な信念やシステムに反する根本的な変化をもたらす能力がある

Meaning

Capable of bringing fundamental changes opposite to conventional beliefs or systems.

Example

The leader proposed radical economic reforms.

リーダーはラディカルな経済改革を提案しました。

B2 noun /ˈdiːlər/

dealer

ディーラー

Meaning

a person or business that buys and sells goods; someone who distributes

Example

The car dealer offered a discount to attract customers.

車のディーラーは顧客を引き付けるために割引を提供しました。

A2 verb /əˈtrækt/

attract

引き付ける

Meaning

to cause someone to have interest or draw something towards

Example

The flowers attract bees with their bright colors.

花はその鮮やかな色で蜂を引き寄せます。

C1 adjective /ˈdɪn.dʒi/

Dingy

汚れていて暗い; 色が鈍い

Meaning

dark and dirty; gloomy; dull in color

Example

The old building had dingy walls that needed painting.

古い建物は、塗装が必要な汚れた壁を持っていた。

C2 noun /ˌɑːbdʒərˈɡeɪʃən/

objurgation

厳しい叱責

Meaning

a harsh scolding or strong rebuke

Example

His misconduct earned him a severe objurgation from the manager.

彼の不正行為はマネージャーから厳しい叱責を受けた。

C1 verb, noun /mʊər/

moor

係留する / 荒れ地

Meaning

As a verb: to tie a ship so that it stays in place. As a noun: open, uncultivated land.

Example

The sailors moored the ship at the dock.

水夫たちは船をドックに停泊させました。

B1 noun səˈluː.ʃənz

solutions

解決策

Meaning

A means of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation.

Example

Biotechnology provides solutions to environmental challenges.

バイオテクノロジーは環境問題に対する解決策を提供します。

C1 adjective /ɪˈstiːmd/

Esteemed

尊敬される

Meaning

respected and admired; held in high regard

Example

He is an esteemed professor at the university.

彼は大学で尊敬されている教授です。

B2 noun ˈkrɪp.toʊˌkɝː.ən.si

cryptocurrency

暗号通貨

Meaning

Decentralized digital currency operated using blockchain technology.

Example

Bitcoin is the most popular cryptocurrency in the market.

ビットコインは市場で最も人気のある暗号通貨です。

B1 noun /ˌprɛpəˈreɪʃən/

preparation

準備

Meaning

The act of getting ready or making arrangements for something.

Example

The team made careful preparation for the presentation.

チームはプレゼンテーションのために慎重に準備をしました。

A2 adjective /ˈkʌlərfəl/

colorful

カラフル

Meaning

having bright colors; full of variety or interest

Example

The festival was full of colorful decorations.

その祭りはカラフルな装飾でいっぱいでした。

A2 adverb /ˌɛniˈmɔr/

anymore

もう〜ない

Meaning

used to refer to the present time, typically to mean no longer

Example

He doesn’t live here anymore.

彼はもうここに住んでいません。

B2 noun /əˈfens/

Offence

違反; 犯罪

Meaning

a breach of law or rule; an annoyance or resentment

Example

Stealing is a serious offence punishable by law.

窃盗は法律で罰せられる重大な違反です。

C1 noun /ˈʃɪvəlri/

chivalry

騎士道

Meaning

The medieval knightly system with its moral, social, and religious code; courteous behavior, especially toward women.

Example

The knight lived by the code of chivalry.

騎士は騎士道の規範に従って生きていました。

C2 noun phrase /ˌhjuː ən ˈkraɪ/

hue and cry

大声の抗議

Meaning

A loud public outcry or protest, often demanding action.

Example

There was a hue and cry over the new policy changes.

新しい政策変更に対して、大声の抗議が起こった。

C1 noun /ˌdɜːrməˈtɑːlədʒɪst/

dermatologist

皮膚科医

Meaning

A doctor who specializes in the treatment of skin diseases.

Example

She consulted a dermatologist for her skin allergy.

彼女は皮膚のアレルギーのために皮膚科医に相談した。

C2 noun /ˈfɪli/

filly

若い雌馬

Meaning

a young female horse

Example

The filly ran swiftly across the meadow.

その若い牝馬は草原を速く走った。

B2 noun /ˈwɒr.i.ər/

Warrior

戦士; 勇敢または経験豊富な戦闘者

Meaning

a person who fights in battles; a brave or experienced fighter

Example

The brave warrior defended his village from the invaders.

勇敢な戦士が侵略者から村を守った。

C2 noun /əˈdɛndəm/

addendum

補遺

Meaning

an additional item or piece of information added at the end of a document or book

Example

The report included an addendum with updated statistics.

報告書には更新された統計データが含まれている補遺が含まれていた。

C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛvərənt/

irreverent

不敬な

Meaning

showing a lack of respect for people or things that are usually respected

Example

The comedian’s irreverent jokes offended some of the audience.

コメディアンの不敬なジョークは、観客の一部を不快にさせた。

A2 noun কন্ডিশন

condition

状態

Meaning

A particular state of health or physical fitness; a medical problem.

Example

The condition worsens without proper treatment.

適切な治療がなければ状態は悪化します。

C2 verb /ʌpˈbreɪd/

upbraid

叱る

Meaning

To scold or criticize someone harshly.

Example

The teacher upbraided the student for being late again.

教師は学生がまた遅刻したことを叱りました。

C1 verb /ˌdɪsɪnˈtæŋɡl/

disentangle

ほどく

Meaning

To free something or someone from a tangle or complication.

Example

She tried to disentangle her hair from the branches.

彼女は枝から髪の毛をほどこうとしました。

C1 noun /ɪˌluːmɪˈneɪʃən/

illumination

Meaning

the act of lighting something or making something clear

Example

The street was filled with bright illumination from the lamps.

C1 noun /ɔːˈdæs.ə.ti/

audacity

大胆さ

Meaning

The willingness to take bold risks; boldness or fearlessness.

Example

His audacity to question authority was admirable.

権威に異議を唱える彼の大胆さは賞賛に値した。

B1 noun, verb /strɪŋ/

string

ひも

Meaning

a thin piece of cord or thread; to tie or fasten with a string

Example

She tied the package with a string.

彼女はパッケージを糸で結びました。

B2 noun /krɑk pɑt/

Crock pot

スロークッカー

Meaning

an electric cooking pot that cooks food slowly at low temperatures

Example

I put the chicken and vegetables in the crock pot before going to work.

仕事に行く前にチキンと野菜をスロークッカーに入れました。

A2 verb /ˈkɑːpi/

copy

コピー

Meaning

to make an identical reproduction of something

Example

Please copy this document for the meeting.

会議のためにこの文書をコピーしてください。

B2 noun /ˈdel.ɪ.ɡət/

Delegate

代表

Meaning

a person chosen or elected to act for or represent others; representative

Example

Each country sent a delegate to participate in the international conference.

各国は国際会議に参加するために代表を派遣しました。

C2 adjective /ˌsuːpərˈnuːmərɛri/

supernumerary

余分な

Meaning

Exceeding the usual number; extra or unnecessary.

Example

The play included several supernumerary actors to fill the background scenes.

その劇は背景のシーンを埋めるためにいくつかの余分な俳優を含んでいました。

C2 noun /ˈklærɪən/

Clarion

クラリオン

Meaning

a shrill narrow-tubed war trumpet; a medieval trumpet with a clear piercing tone

Example

The clarion sounded across the battlefield to signal the charge.

クラリオンの音が戦場を越えて、突撃の合図を送った。

B2 verb /nɪˈɡoʊ.ʃi.eɪt/

negotiate

交渉する

Meaning

To discuss something formally in order to reach an agreement.

Example

They negotiated a fair deal with the supplier.

彼らはサプライヤーと公平な取引を交渉した。

C1 adverb /ˈnæroʊli/

Narrowly

かろうじて; 辛うじて

Meaning

by a small margin; barely; in a limited way

Example

She narrowly escaped the accident.

彼女は事故をかろうじて避けた。

C2 adjective /rɪˈdjuːsəbl̩/

reducible

Meaning

capable of being simplified, lessened, or made smaller

Example

The problem is complex but reducible to a few basic principles.

C2 noun /ˈhʌstɪŋz/

hustings

選挙活動

Meaning

the political campaigning and speeches before an election

Example

The candidate gained popularity during the hustings.

候補者は選挙活動中に人気を集めました。

B2 noun /ˈskaɪˌskreɪpər/

Skyscraper

超高層ビル

Meaning

a very tall building of many stories

Example

The new skyscraper dominates the city's skyline.

新しい超高層ビルが街のスカイラインを支配しています。

B2 noun /ˈten.ʃən/

Tension

緊張

Meaning

mental or emotional strain; a strained state or condition

Example

The deadline created a lot of tension in the office.

締め切りがオフィスに多くの緊張を生みました。

C1 noun /swiːt.laɪm/

Sweetlime

スイートライム

Meaning

a citrus fruit that is sweeter and less acidic than regular lime

Example

The sweetlime juice was refreshing on a hot day.

スイートライムジュースは暑い日にさわやかでした。

B1 noun /ˈneɪbərˌhʊd/

neighborhood

近所

Meaning

a district or area around or near a particular place

Example

I grew up in a quiet neighborhood.

私は静かな近所で育ちました。

B2 adjective /ˈkrɒnɪk/

chronic

慢性的

Meaning

Lasting for a long time or constantly recurring, often describing illness.

Example

She suffers from chronic back pain.

彼女は慢性的な背中の痛みに悩まされています。

C2 adjective /pɔːrˈtɛntəs/

portentous

前兆的な、重大な

Meaning

Giving a sign or warning that something, often bad or serious, is going to happen; or overly solemn and pompous.

Example

His portentous tone made everyone nervous about the news.

彼の前兆的な口調は、ニュースについて皆を不安にさせた。

A2 noun /dɪˈziːz/

disease

病気

Meaning

An illness or medical condition that affects the body or mind.

Example

The doctor is researching a cure for the disease.

医者はその病気の治療法を研究しています。

C2 noun /vəˈliːɪti/

velleity

弱い願望

Meaning

A wish or inclination not strong enough to lead to action.

Example

His interest in painting never grew beyond a mere velleity.

絵画への彼の興味は単なる弱い願望に過ぎなかった。

C1 adjective /ˈsɔːrdɪd/

sordid

卑劣な

Meaning

involving immoral or dishonorable actions; dirty or unpleasant

Example

The newspaper exposed the politician's sordid past.

新聞は政治家の卑劣な過去を暴露した。

C2 noun /ˈmæntl̩/

mantel

暖炉の上の棚

Meaning

A shelf above a fireplace, often used for decoration.

Example

She placed family photos on the mantel above the fireplace.

彼女は家族の写真を暖炉の上の棚に置きました。

C2 noun /ˈnjuː.trɪ.mənt/

nutriment

栄養

Meaning

Something that nourishes; sustenance or food.

Example

The soil provides nutriment to the plants.

土壌は植物に栄養を提供します。

B2 noun ˈzɪpərz

zippers

ジッパー

Meaning

A device consisting of two flexible strips of metal or plastic with interlocking projections closed or opened by pulling a slide along them.

Example

Zippers are used to fasten the opening of the jacket.

ジッパーはジャケットの開口部を閉じるために使われます。

B2 noun /ˌvʌl.nər.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

vulnerability

脆弱性

Meaning

The quality or state of being exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed.

Example

Addressing vulnerability is crucial for stability.

脆弱性に取り組むことは、安定性にとって非常に重要です。

B2 verb /ˈɪmɪɡreɪt/

immigrate

移住する

Meaning

to come to live permanently in a foreign country

Example

He immigrated to Canada five years ago.

彼は5年前にカナダに移住しました。

C1 adjective /dɪˈstrɔːt/

distraught

動揺した

Meaning

extremely upset and anxious, often to the point of being unable to think clearly

Example

She was distraught after losing her pet.

ペットを失った後、彼女は動揺していた。

C2 noun /ˈruː.mɪ.nənt/

ruminant

反芻動物

Meaning

a cud-chewing mammal, such as a cow or sheep

Example

Cows are ruminants that chew cud.

牛は反芻動物で、食べ物を再度咀嚼します。

C2 noun /ˌpoʊpʊˈriː/

potpourri

乾燥花の混合物

Meaning

a mixture of dried flowers and spices kept in a bowl to perfume a room; a miscellaneous collection

Example

The living room was filled with the scent of potpourri.

リビングルームはポプリの香りで満たされていました。

B2 adjective /ˈreɪsɪst/

racist

人種差別主義者

Meaning

showing or feeling discrimination or prejudice against people of other races

Example

He was accused of making racist comments.

彼は人種差別的なコメントをしたとして非難された。

C2 noun /ˈsɪbəraɪt/

sybarite

贅沢主義者

Meaning

a person who loves luxury and pleasure

Example

The millionaire was a true sybarite who lived only for comfort and enjoyment.

その百万長者は真の贅沢主義者で、快適さと楽しみだけを求めて生きていました。

C2 noun /ˌɛksɪˈɡjuːɪti/

exiguity

不足

Meaning

the quality of being scanty or meager in amount

Example

The exiguity of resources made the project difficult to complete.

資源の不足がプロジェクトを完了するのを難しくしました。

B2 adjective /ɪˈtɜː.nəl/

Eternal

永遠の; 無限の; 不朽の; 永久の

Meaning

lasting or existing forever; without end or beginning; everlasting

Example

Their love seemed eternal and unbreakable.

彼らの愛は永遠で壊れないように見えました。

C2 noun /ɪˌkliːziˈæstɪk/

ecclesiastic

教会の

Meaning

A member of the clergy or church official.

Example

The council was attended by several high-ranking ecclesiastics.

その会議には数人の高位の教会役員が出席しました。

B2 noun əˈmend.mənts

amendments

修正案

Meaning

Changes or additions made to improve a text, law, or constitution.

Example

Amendments reflect evolving public needs.

修正案は進化する公共のニーズを反映しています。