C1 adjective pərˈnɪʃəs

pernicious

有害な, 致命的な

Meaning

Having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or subtle way.

Example

The pernicious effects of smoking are well-documented.

喫煙の有害な影響は十分に記録されています。

C2 adjective /ˈpruːdɪʃ/

prudish

堅苦しい

Meaning

having or revealing a tendency to be easily shocked by matters relating to sex or nudity

Example

She was too prudish to watch the movie with her friends.

彼女は友達と映画を見に行くにはあまりにも堅苦しかった。

B2 verb /prəˈhɪbɪt/

prohibit

禁止する

Meaning

to forbid something by law, rule, or other authority

Example

The law prohibits smoking in public places.

法律は公共の場所での喫煙を禁止しています。

B2 noun /pərˈsɪstəns/

persistence

粘り強さ

Meaning

the quality of continuing steadily despite problems or difficulties

Example

His persistence finally paid off when he got the job.

彼の粘り強さは最終的に報われ、仕事を得ることができました。

C1 adjective /ˈprɒdɪɡəl/

prodigal

浪費家

Meaning

spending money or resources freely and recklessly; wastefully extravagant

Example

The prodigal son returned home after wasting his inheritance.

浪費家の息子は、遺産を浪費した後、家に帰りました。

C2 verb /ˈpɛkjʊˌleɪt/

peculate

横領する

Meaning

To embezzle or steal money, especially public funds.

Example

The corrupt official was found guilty of peculating government funds.

汚職の役人は政府の資金を横領したとして有罪となった。

C1 noun ˈpɜː.mə.kʌl.tʃər

permaculture

パーマカルチャー

Meaning

The development of agricultural ecosystems intended to be sustainable and self-sufficient.

Example

Permaculture promotes self-sufficient farming systems.

パーマカルチャーは自給自足の農業システムを促進します。

C1 noun /pəˈfjuː.mər.i/

perfumery

香水産業

Meaning

the art, business, or products of making perfumes

Example

She works in a perfumery that creates luxury scents.

彼女は高級な香りを作り出すパフューマリーで働いています。

C1 noun /ˌplɔː.zəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

plausibility

信頼性

Meaning

The quality of being reasonable or probable.

Example

The plausibility of his explanation convinced the jury.

彼の説明の信頼性は陪審員を納得させました。

C1 adjective /prəˈvoʊkɪŋ/

Provoking

挑発的

Meaning

causing anger or strong reaction; irritating; stimulating

Example

His provoking comments made everyone angry.

彼の挑発的なコメントは皆を怒らせた。

C2 adjective /pərˈfɛktəbl/

perfectible

完璧にできる

Meaning

capable of being made perfect or improved

Example

Human nature is imperfect but perfectible.

人間の本性は不完全だが、完璧にできる。

C2 noun /ˈpɛdənt/

pedant

細かいことにこだわる人

Meaning

A person who is excessively concerned with minor details or rules, often in a showy way.

Example

The professor was criticized as a pedant who focused too much on trivial details.

その教授は細かいことにこだわりすぎるペダントとして批判された。

C2 noun /ˈpɛrɪstaɪl/

peristyle

柱で囲まれた回廊

Meaning

A continuous porch formed by a row of columns surrounding the perimeter of a building or courtyard.

Example

The Roman villa featured a beautiful peristyle garden.

ローマの別荘には美しいペリスタイル庭園がありました。

B1 verb /prəˈmoʊt/

promote

昇進する

Meaning

to help something develop or increase; to advance someone to a higher position

Example

The company promotes environmental awareness.

その会社は環境意識を促進しています。

C2 adjective /ˈpɪd.lɪŋ/

Piddling

些細な; 取るに足らない; 少額

Meaning

trivial; insignificant; small in amount

Example

He was annoyed by the piddling amount of money he received.

彼は受け取った些細な金額に腹を立てていた。

C2 noun /pɜːr bɔɪld raɪs/

Per boiled rice

パーボイルドライス

Meaning

Rice that has been partially boiled in the husk before milling; parboiled rice

Example

Per boiled rice retains more nutrients than regular white rice.

パーボイルドライスは通常の白い米よりも多くの栄養素を保持します。

B1 adjective ˈpræktɪkəl

practical

実用的

Meaning

Concerned with actual use rather than theory; realistic and sensible.

Example

A practical approach is needed for solving complex problems.

複雑な問題を解決するには実用的なアプローチが必要です。

B1 verb /prəˈnaʊns/

pronounce

発音する

Meaning

to say words correctly; to declare officially

Example

She can pronounce French words perfectly.

彼女はフランス語の単語を完璧に発音できます。

B1 noun ˈpʌb.lɪk ˈspiː.kɪŋ

public speaking

公共の話し方

Meaning

The skill of speaking confidently in front of an audience.

Example

Public speaking skills are essential for leadership roles.

公共の話し方のスキルはリーダーシップの役割に不可欠です。

C1 noun /ˈprəʊsiːdz/

proceeds

収益

Meaning

money obtained from an event, activity, or sale

Example

The proceeds from the charity event were donated to the orphanage.

チャリティイベントの収益は孤児院に寄付されました。

B1 noun /pəˈpaɪə/

Papaya

パパイヤ

Meaning

a large orange tropical fruit with sweet orange flesh and black seeds

Example

Papaya is rich in vitamins and very good for health.

パパイヤはビタミンが豊富で、健康に非常に良いです。

C2 adjective /pruːˈdɛnʃəl/

prudential

慎重な

Meaning

involving or showing prudence, especially in financial or business matters

Example

The bank has set prudential rules to protect depositors.

銀行は預金者を保護するために慎重な規則を設定しました。

C1 adjective /ˈpɛnɪtənt/

penitent

悔い改めた

Meaning

Feeling or showing sorrow and regret for having done wrong.

Example

She was penitent after shouting at her friend.

彼女は友達に叫んだ後、悔い改めていた。

C2 noun /ˌfɪzɪˈɑːkrəsi/

physiocracy

土地主義

Meaning

an economic theory that land and its natural products are the source of wealth

Example

Physiocracy emphasized the importance of agriculture in national wealth.

土地主義は国の富における農業の重要性を強調しました。

C1 verb /ˈpeɪtrənaɪz/

patronize

恩着せがましくする

Meaning

to treat someone in a condescending way; to be a regular customer of a business

Example

Don't patronize me with your fake sympathy.

偽りの同情で恩着せがましくしないで。

C1 noun /prəˈtruːʒən/

protrusion

突起

Meaning

Something that sticks out or projects from a surface.

Example

The protrusion on the wall made it difficult to move the furniture.

壁の突起により、家具を動かすのが難しくなった。

B1 noun /ˌpɜr.sənˈæl.ə.ti/

Personality

個性

Meaning

the combination of characteristics that form an individual's distinctive character; a famous person

Example

She has a very outgoing and friendly personality.

彼女はとても外向的で友好的なパーソナリティを持っています。

B2 adjective /ˈpen.dɪŋ/

Pending

保留中; 未決定; 進行中

Meaning

awaiting; not yet decided or settled; in the process of being completed

Example

The application is still pending approval.

申請はまだ承認待ちです。

C2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪsəri/

promissory

約束的

Meaning

Containing or conveying a promise, especially in writing.

Example

He signed a promissory note to repay the loan.

彼はローンを返済するために約束手形にサインしました。

B2 noun /prækˈtɪʃ.ən.ər/

practitioner

実務家

Meaning

a person actively engaged in a profession, especially medicine or law

Example

She is a skilled medical practitioner.

彼女は優れた医療実務家です。

C2 noun /ˈprɛləsi/

prelacy

教会制度

Meaning

The office, dignity, or system of church government by prelates.

Example

The medieval church was dominated by prelacy and its traditions.

中世の教会はプレラシーとその伝統によって支配されていた。

A2 noun, verb /pəʊst/

post

ポスト

Meaning

a job or position, or to send something by mail

Example

She posted a letter to her friend yesterday.

彼女は昨日友達に手紙をポストした。

B2 adjective /ˈpəʊstwɔːr/

postwar

戦後

Meaning

occurring or existing after a war

Example

The postwar period saw significant economic growth.

戦後の時期には、顕著な経済成長が見られました。

C2 noun /ˈproʊtoʊˌmɑːrtɚ/

protomartyr

最初の殉教者

Meaning

The first martyr in a cause or religion, often referring to the first Christian martyr.

Example

St. Stephen is known as the protomartyr of Christianity.

聖ステファノはキリスト教のプロトマーティアとして知られています。

C2 adjective /ˈpɑːmi/

palmy

繁栄 / 栄光

Meaning

prosperous, flourishing, or relating to palm trees

Example

He often reminisced about the palmy days of his youth.

彼は若い頃の繁栄した日々をよく思い出していました。

B2 noun /pɪtʃ/

pitch

音程、投げ

Meaning

the quality of a sound; the level or degree of intensity; a throw or toss

Example

The singer's pitch was perfect during the performance.

歌手の音程はパフォーマンス中完璧でした。

B2 noun /pæd/

pad

パッド

Meaning

a small cushion or block of soft material; also a set of sheets of paper fastened together

Example

He wrote her phone number on a yellow pad.

彼は黄色いパッドに彼女の電話番号を書いた。

B1 verb /pərˈsweɪd/

persuade

幸せ

Meaning

to convince someone to do or believe something through reasoning or argument

Example

He persuaded his friend to join the club.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠せなかった。

C1 noun, verb /ˌprɒməˈneɪd/

promenade

散歩

Meaning

A leisurely walk or stroll, especially in a public place for pleasure or display.

Example

They went for a promenade along the seaside.

彼らは海辺をプロムナードしていました。

C1 verb /ˈpɜːrsɪkjuːt/

persecute

幸福

Meaning

to treat someone cruelly or unfairly, especially because of their religion, race, or beliefs

Example

Many people were persecuted for their faith during that time.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸福を隠せなかった。

C1 noun /ˈprɒvənəns/

provenance

出所

Meaning

The origin or source of something.

Example

The museum verified the provenance of the ancient manuscript.

博物館は古代の写本の出所を確認しました。

B1 verb /pɑːrtɪsɪˈpeɪtɪŋ/

participating

参加する

Meaning

Taking part in an activity or event.

Example

He is participating in the Antarctic expedition.

彼は南極遠征に参加しています。

A1 noun /ˈpiːpl/

people

人々

Meaning

a group of human beings collectively

Example

The people in the town gathered for the festival.

町の人々は祭りのために集まりました。

B2 noun /ˈplænər/

planner

プランナー

Meaning

a person who makes plans or a book used for organizing schedules and tasks

Example

She uses a daily planner to organize her meetings.

彼女は会議を整理するために毎日のプランナーを使っています。

B2 noun /ˈpleɪsmənt/

placement

配置または割り当て

Meaning

the act of putting something or someone in a particular position or job

Example

The company arranged job placement for the graduates.

会社は卒業生のために就職先を手配しました。

C1 adjective /ˈpʊʃi/

pushy

押し付けがましい

Meaning

excessively assertive or aggressive, often annoyingly so

Example

The salesperson was too pushy, which drove customers away.

その販売員はあまりにも押し付けがましく、顧客を遠ざけました。

B1 noun /ˈpiː.nʌt/

Peanut

ピーナッツ

Meaning

an edible seed that grows underground and is commonly eaten as a snack or used in cooking

Example

Roasted peanuts are a popular snack in many countries.

ローストピーナッツは多くの国で人気のあるスナックです。

B1 noun /ˈprɪzənər/

prisoner

囚人

Meaning

a person who is in prison

Example

The prisoner was granted parole after serving 10 years.

その囚人は10年の服役後、仮出所を許可されました。

A2 noun/verb /puːl/

pool

プール

Meaning

a small body of still water, or a game played in a rectangular table with balls

Example

The children swam in the pool all afternoon.

子供たちは午後ずっとプールで泳いでいました。

B2 noun /ˈpɒp.i/

Poppy

ケシの花

Meaning

a bright red flower with black seeds, often used as a symbol of remembrance

Example

The red poppy bloomed beautifully in the garden.

赤いケシの花が庭で美しく咲きました。

C1 verb /ˈprɒfəsaɪ/

prophesy

予言する

Meaning

to state or predict that something will happen in the future, especially as if divinely inspired

Example

The monk prophesied that peace would return to the land.

その僧侶は平和がこの地に戻ると予言した。

A2 verb /ˈprɒmɪs/

promise

約束する

Meaning

to assure someone that one will definitely do something; to give one's word

Example

I promise to help you with your homework.

私はあなたの宿題を手伝うと約束します。

C1 noun prɪˌsɪp.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən

precipitation

降水

Meaning

Rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to or condenses on the ground.

Example

Annual precipitation levels are decreasing.

年間降水量は減少しています。

A2 noun /ˈpiːˈsi/

pc

パーソナルコンピュータ

Meaning

abbreviation for 'personal computer', a machine for performing digital operations

Example

I just bought a new PC for work.

私は仕事のために新しいパーソナルコンピュータを買いました。

C1 adjective /ˈpeɪnzˌteɪkɪŋ/

painstaking

非常に注意深く

Meaning

Done with great care and thoroughness.

Example

The artist completed the project with painstaking detail.

アーティストは非常に注意深くプロジェクトを完了しました。

B1 noun /pɪl/

pill

錠剤

Meaning

a small round piece of medicine to be swallowed

Example

He took a pill to relieve his headache.

彼は頭痛を和らげるためにピルを飲みました。

B1 noun /ˈprəʊɡræmɪŋ/

programming

プログラミング

Meaning

the process of designing and writing computer programs

Example

He has been learning programming for several months now.

彼は数ヶ月間プログラミングを学んでいます。

B2 adjective ˈpeɪn.ləs

painless

痛みなし

Meaning

Not causing pain; involving little effort or stress.

Example

Modern methods ensure painless treatment.

現代の方法は痛みのない治療を保証します。

B2 adjective /ˈpæn.ɪ.ki/

Panicky

パニック状態の; 不安と恐怖を示す

Meaning

feeling or showing panic; anxious and fearful

Example

The crowd became panicky when the fire alarm sounded.

火災警報が鳴ると群衆はパニックになった。

A2 noun /piˈænoʊ/

Piano

ピアノ

Meaning

a large keyboard musical instrument with black and white keys that produces sound by striking strings with hammers

Example

The little girl practiced piano for one hour every day.

その小さな女の子は毎日1時間、ピアノを練習した。

A2 noun /fəˈtɒɡrəfi/

photography

写真

Meaning

the art or practice of taking and processing photographs

Example

She studied photography in college.

彼女は大学で写真を学びました。

B2 verb /ˌpɜːrsəˈvɪr/

persevere

忍耐する

Meaning

to continue trying to achieve something despite difficulty or delay

Example

He persevered through many failures before succeeding.

彼は多くの失敗を乗り越えて成功しました。

C1 adjective /ˈpɒp.jʊ.ləs/

Populous

人口密度が高い

Meaning

having a large population; densely populated; crowded with people

Example

China is the most populous country in the world.

中国は世界で最も人口の多い国です。

C2 adjective /ˌpɛrənˈθɛtɪkəl/

parenthetical

括弧内のコメント

Meaning

Relating to or expressed in parentheses; a side remark or digression.

Example

He added a parenthetical comment during the lecture.

彼は講義中に括弧内のコメントを追加しました。

C2 adjective /ˌpɑːrsɪˈmoʊniəs/

parsimonious

けち

Meaning

unwilling to spend money or use resources; stingy

Example

The company was too parsimonious to invest in better equipment.

その会社は良い設備に投資するにはあまりにもけちだった。

C1 noun ˈprɒdʒ.ə.ni

progeny

子孫, 後継者, 後裔

Meaning

A descendant or the descendants of a person, animal, or plant; offspring.

Example

The philosopher's teachings have influenced many generations of progeny.

哲学者の教えは多くの世代の子孫に影響を与えました。

C2 noun /ˈpɛtjʊləns/

petulance

気難しさ

Meaning

The quality of being childishly sulky or bad-tempered.

Example

His petulance during the meeting annoyed everyone.

会議中の彼のペチュランスはみんなをイライラさせた。

B2 adjective /plʌmp/

plump

ふくよかまたは丸い

Meaning

having a full, rounded shape; pleasantly fat

Example

The cat was plump and well-fed.

その猫はふくよかでよく食べていました。

B2 adjective /ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl/

presidential

大統領に関連する

Meaning

relating to a president or presidency

Example

The presidential election is scheduled for next month.

大統領選挙は来月に予定されています。

C1 noun /prəʊˌkræs.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

procrastination

先延ばし, 仕事を遅らせる

Meaning

The act of delaying or postponing tasks or activities.

Example

Procrastination is the enemy of success.

プロクラステイネーションは成功の敵です。

B2 adjective /ˈprɑːspərəs/

Prosperous

繁栄している; 成功している;

Meaning

successful in material terms; flourishing financially

Example

The company became very prosperous after launching their new product.

その企業は新製品を発売した後、非常に繁栄しました。

C1 verb /pərˈspaɪər/

perspire

汗をかく

Meaning

To give out sweat through the pores of the skin as a result of heat, physical exertion, or stress.

Example

He began to perspire after running for 10 minutes.

彼は10分間走った後、汗をかき始めました。

C1 noun /pərˈvɜːrʒən/

perversion

歪曲

Meaning

The act of distorting or corrupting the original meaning, purpose, or state of something.

Example

The regime’s censorship was seen as a perversion of free speech.

政権の検閲は、自由な言論の歪曲と見なされていました。

C1 noun /pəˈrɛnθəsɪs/

parenthesis

括弧

Meaning

A pair of curved marks ( ) used to enclose words or numbers; also an interruption or digression in speech or writing.

Example

The explanation was given in a parenthesis within the text.

説明はテキスト内の括弧に含まれていました。

B2 noun /ˈpɪm.pəl/

Pimple

ニキビ

Meaning

a small, inflamed elevation of the skin; a spot on the skin, especially on the face

Example

She was embarrassed about the pimple on her forehead.

彼女は額のニキビに気まずさを感じていた。

C1 verb /ˈpɪlfər/

pilfer

盗む

Meaning

to steal things of small value or in small quantities

Example

The employee was caught pilfering office supplies.

従業員はオフィスの備品を盗んでいるところを捕まりました。

B2 noun /prəˈvaɪdər/

provider

提供者

Meaning

a person or thing that provides something.

Example

The service provider ensures that all customers receive timely support.

サービス提供者はすべての顧客がタイムリーにサポートを受けることを確実にします。

C1 adjective /ˌpæn.əˈræm.ɪk/

panoramic

パノラマビュー

Meaning

Giving a wide view of an extensive area in all directions.

Example

The hotel offers panoramic views of the ocean.

ホテルは海のパノラミックビューを提供します。

C2 noun /ˈpjuːɪsəns/

puissance

力

Meaning

Great power, strength, or influence.

Example

The empire showed its puissance through vast armies.

帝国は膨大な軍隊を通じてその力を示しました。

C1 adjective /ˈpjuː.nɪ.tɪv/

punitive

懲罰的

Meaning

Inflicting or intended as punishment.

Example

The company faced punitive measures for violating the law.

その会社は法を違反したため、懲罰的措置に直面しました。

C2 noun /ˈplɛntɪtjuːd/

plentitude

豊富さ

Meaning

the condition of being full or abundant

Example

The garden offered a plentitude of flowers in spring.

庭園は春に花の豊富さを提供しました。

C1 verb /ˈpʌlseɪt/

pulsate

脈動する

Meaning

to expand and contract rhythmically; to throb or beat

Example

The neon lights pulsated with a steady rhythm.

ネオンのライトは一定のリズムで脈打っていた。

C2 noun /ˌpriːdɪˈlɛkʃən/

predilection

嗜好

Meaning

A strong liking or preference for something.

Example

She has a predilection for classical music.

彼女はクラシック音楽に対する好みがあります。

B2 noun /ˈpeə.rən.tɪŋ/

parenting

育児

Meaning

The care and training a child receives while growing up, involving the development of their mental, physical, and social aspects.

Example

Effective parenting helps children develop confidence and independence.

効果的な育児は、子供たちが自信と独立心を育むのを助けます。

C1 noun /ˌprəʊ.baɪˈɒt.ɪks/

probiotics

プロバイオティクス

Meaning

Live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer health benefits to the host, especially for digestive health.

Example

Probiotics improve digestion and enhance gut health.

プロバイオティクスは消化を改善し、腸の健康を促進します。

A1 noun /piːs/

piece

一片

Meaning

a portion or part of something

Example

He gave me a piece of cake.

彼は私にケーキの一切れをくれました。

B1 noun ˈpɒl.ə.si

policy

方針

Meaning

A course or principle of action adopted or proposed by a government, party, business, or individual; a contract of insurance.

Example

Effective policies drive national development.

効果的な方針は国の発展を促進します。

A1 verb /peɪnt/

paint

絵を描く

Meaning

to apply a colored substance to a surface

Example

She loves to paint landscapes in her free time.

彼女は自由時間に風景画を描くのが好きです。

C1 verb /prəˈlɪf.ə.reɪt/

proliferate

急速に増加する

Meaning

To increase rapidly in numbers; to grow or spread quickly and extensively.

Example

Startups tend to proliferate in a thriving economy.

スタートアップは、活況を呈している経済で急速に増加する傾向があります。

C1 noun /prəˈvaɪzoʊ/

proviso

条件

Meaning

a condition or stipulation attached to an agreement

Example

He accepted the job offer with the proviso that he could work remotely twice a week.

彼は、週に2回リモートで働けるという条件で仕事のオファーを受け入れました。

C1 noun /prəˈpɛlər/

propeller

プロペラ

Meaning

A mechanical device with blades that rotates to drive a ship, aircraft, or other vehicle forward.

Example

The airplane’s propeller cut through the air with great speed.

飛行機のプロペラは大きな速さで空気を切った。

B2 noun /ˈpes.ə.mɪst/

Pessimist

悲観主義者

Meaning

a person who tends to see the worst aspect of things or believes that the worst will happen; someone who lacks hope or confidence in the future

Example

Being a pessimist, he always expected the worst outcome.

悲観主義者として、彼はいつも最悪の結果を期待していました。

C1 adjective /pəˈrɪfərəl/

peripheral

周辺的

Meaning

Relating to or situated on the edge or outer parts of something.

Example

The town is located on the peripheral area of the city.

町は都市の周辺エリアに位置しています。

C2 noun /ˈpriːsɛpt/

precept

教義

Meaning

A general rule intended to regulate behavior or thought.

Example

Honesty is a fundamental precept in all religions.

正直はすべての宗教における基本的な教義です。

A2 noun /per/

pair

ペア

Meaning

two things of the same kind that are used together

Example

She wore a matching pair of shoes.

彼女はマッチングのペアの靴を履いていました。

C1 adjective /ˌpriːdɪˈspoʊzd/

predisposed

傾向

Meaning

Likely or inclined to be affected by something in advance.

Example

She is predisposed to trust people easily.

彼女は人々を簡単に信頼する傾向があります。

B1 adjective /peɪl/

Pale

青白い; 淡い; 弱い

Meaning

having a light color; lacking brightness or vividness; weak or faint

Example

She looked pale after being sick for a week.

彼女は1週間病気で、青白く見えた。

C2 adjective ˌpɜː.spɪˈkeɪ.ʃəs

perspicacious

鋭い洞察力を持つ

Meaning

Having keen insight and understanding; showing acute mental discernment.

Example

The detective's perspicacious nature helped solve the mystery.

探偵の鋭い性格が謎を解くのに役立ちました。

A1 noun, verb /pleɪs/

place

場所

Meaning

a particular position or location; to put something in a specific position

Example

She placed the books on the table.

彼女は本をテーブルに置いた。

B2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪnənt/

prominent

顕著な

Meaning

Important, famous, or easily noticeable.

Example

He is a prominent leader in the community.

彼はコミュニティの中で著名なリーダーです。

C1 noun /ˈpɔːr.kjə.paɪn/

Porcupine

ヤマアラシ

Meaning

a large rodent with defensive spines or quills on its body

Example

The porcupine raised its quills when threatened.

ヤマアラシは脅威を感じると針を立てた。

C1 adjective /ˌpɜːrpənˈdɪkjələr/

perpendicular

垂直

Meaning

At an angle of 90 degrees to a given line, plane, or surface.

Example

The ladder was placed perpendicular to the ground for safety.

はしごは安全のために地面に対して垂直に配置されました。

A2 noun /ˈpɑːsˌpɔːrt/

passport

パスポート

Meaning

an official government document that identifies a person and allows them to travel internationally

Example

She renewed her passport before traveling abroad.

彼女は海外旅行の前にパスポートを更新した。

C1 noun/verb /ˈprɛdɪkət/ (noun), /ˈprɛdɪkeɪt/ (verb)

predicate

述語 / 基づく

Meaning

noun: the part of a sentence that tells something about the subject; verb: to base or establish something on a particular idea

Example

His theory is predicated on sound research.

彼の理論は確かな研究に基づいています。

C2 verb /ˈpɔːltər/

palter

あいまいに話す、騙す

Meaning

to act insincerely or deceitfully; to equivocate or lie

Example

He paltered when asked about his involvement in the deal.

取引に関与しているか尋ねられたとき、彼は回避しました。

C1 noun /ˈpær.ət biːk/

Parrot Beak

パロットビーク

Meaning

a climbing plant with curved red and orange flowers resembling a parrot's beak

Example

The parrot beak flower's unique curved shape makes it a fascinating addition to any garden.

パロットビークの花はユニークな曲線を持っており、どんな庭にも魅力的な追加要素となります。

A2 adjective /praʊd/

Proud

誇り

Meaning

feeling deep pleasure from one's achievements; having high self-respect

Example

She was proud of her daughter's academic achievements.

彼女は娘の学業成就に誇りを持っていました。

C2 noun /ˈpɒsi/

posse

ギャング / 友達グループ

Meaning

A group of people, often friends or a group organized to support or enforce the law.

Example

He arrived at the party with his posse of friends.

彼は友達グループと一緒にパーティーに到着しました。

B2 noun ˈpɛstɪˌsaɪd

pesticide

農薬

Meaning

A substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals.

Example

The pesticide sprayed in the field killed the harmful insects.

畑に撒かれた農薬は有害な昆虫を殺しました。

C2 adjective /ˈpɛneɪt/

pennate

羽のような

プロフェッショナル

Meaning

a professional, especially in sports; or a person who is in favor of something

Example

He plays tennis like a pro.

彼はプロのようにテニスをプレーします。