paradigmatic
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C2 adjective /ˌpærəˈdɪɡmətɪk/

paradigmatic

典型的な
Meaning
Serving as a typical example or model of something.
Example
Her success story is paradigmatic of the opportunities education can provide.
彼女の成功物語は、教育が提供できる機会の典型的な例です。
B2 verb /poʊk/

poke

突く
Meaning
to push or prod with a finger or pointed object
Example
Don't poke me with your finger.
指で突っつかないで。
B2 noun /prəˈseʃ.ən/

Procession

行列; パレード;
Meaning
a group of people or vehicles moving forward in an organized way, especially as part of a ceremony
Example
The wedding procession walked slowly to the church.
結婚式の行列はゆっくりと教会に向かって歩きました。
B2 verb /pruːn/

prune

剪定する
Meaning
to cut off unwanted parts of a plant or tree to help it grow better
Example
Gardeners prune the trees in spring to encourage growth.
庭師は春に木を剪定して成長を促進します。
B2 noun /ˈpred.ə.ses.ər/

Predecessor

前任者
Meaning
a person who held a job or office before the current holder; something that came before another thing
Example
The new manager learned from his predecessor's mistakes.
新しいマネージャーは前任者のミスから学びました。
C1 noun /ˌtɛrəˈdæktɪl/

pterodactyl

絶滅した飛行爬虫類
Meaning
An extinct flying reptile of the Jurassic period, with a long slender head and wings formed by a membrane stretching along the body.
Example
The museum displayed a fossil of a giant pterodactyl.
博物館には巨大なプテロダクティルの化石が展示されていた。
C1 verb /ˌpoʊstˈdeɪt/

postdate

後日の日付を記入する
Meaning
To assign a date later than the actual date to a document or event.
Example
She postdated the check to next month.
彼女は小切手に来月の日付を付けました。
B2 noun /pəˈnɪn.sjə.lə/

Peninsula

半島
Meaning
a piece of land that is almost completely surrounded by water but connected to the mainland
Example
The Korean Peninsula is located in East Asia.
朝鮮半島は東アジアに位置しています。
C2 adjective /prɪˈhɛnsaɪl/

prehensile

把握するための適応
Meaning
adapted for seizing or grasping, especially by wrapping around an object
Example
The monkey used its prehensile tail to hang from the branch.
サルはそのプリヘンシル尾を使って枝からぶら下がっていた。
C2 noun /prɒɡˌnɒstɪˈkeɪʃən/

prognostication

予言
Meaning
The act of foretelling or predicting future events.
Example
The astrologer's prognostication fascinated the audience.
占星術師の予言は聴衆を魅了した。
C1 adjective /ˌpæn.əˈræm.ɪk/

panoramic

パノラマビュー
Meaning
Giving a wide view of an extensive area in all directions.
Example
The hotel offers panoramic views of the ocean.
ホテルは海のパノラミックビューを提供します。
C2 noun /ˌsuːdəˈnɪmɪti/

pseudonymity

ペンネームの使用
Meaning
the practice or state of using a pseudonym
Example
The author maintained pseudonymity throughout her career.
その作家はキャリア全体を通してペンネームを使用していました。
C1 noun prəˈtɛk.ʃə.nɪ.zəm

protectionism

保護主義
Meaning
The theory or practice of shielding a country's domestic industries from foreign competition by taxing imports.
Example
The government's protectionism helped local businesses grow.
政府のプロテクショニズムは、地元企業の成長を助けました。
B1 noun /pɪl/

pill

錠剤
Meaning
a small round piece of medicine to be swallowed
Example
He took a pill to relieve his headache.
彼は頭痛を和らげるためにピルを飲みました。
C1 adjective /pɒˈstɪəriər/

posterior

後部
Meaning
Situated at or toward the back; later in time.
Example
The posterior part of the brain controls vision.
脳の後部は視覚を制御します。
B2 noun /ˈpɛzənt/

peasant

農民
Meaning
a poor farmer or agricultural laborer who owns or rents a small piece of land for cultivation
Example
The peasant worked hard in the fields from dawn to dusk.
その農民は夜明けから日暮れまで畑で一生懸命働いていました。
C1 noun /ˈpʌntʃ laɪn/

punch line

パンチライン
Meaning
The final part of a joke or story that makes it funny.
Example
Everyone laughed loudly at the punch line of his joke.
みんな彼のジョークのパンチラインで大笑いした。
A1 noun /ˈpiːtsə/

pizza

ピザ
Meaning
a flat round bread baked with toppings such as cheese, tomato, and other ingredients
Example
We ordered a large pepperoni pizza for dinner.
私たちは夕食に大きなペパロニピザを注文しました。
B1 verb /ˈpʌnɪʃ/

punish

罰する
Meaning
to give a penalty for wrongdoing; to discipline
Example
The teacher will punish students who cheat.
先生はカンニングした生徒を罰します。
C1 noun /pərˈkʌʃən/

percussion

打楽器
Meaning
Musical instruments that are played by striking, shaking, or scraping, such as drums or cymbals.
Example
The percussion section added rhythm and energy to the orchestra.
打楽器セクションはオーケストラにリズムとエネルギーを加えました。
C2 noun /ˌpliːnɪpəˈtɛnʃəri/

plenipotentiary

全権大使
Meaning
a person invested with full power to act on behalf of another, especially in diplomacy
Example
The ambassador was a plenipotentiary sent to negotiate the treaty.
大使は条約交渉のために派遣されたプレニポテンシャリーでした。
C2 noun /ˌpɑːrtjʊˈrɪʃən/

parturition

分娩
Meaning
The act of giving birth; childbirth.
Example
The doctor explained the stages of parturition to the students.
医者は学生たちに分娩の段階を説明しました。
A2 noun /ˈpɪərɪəd/

period

期間
Meaning
a length or portion of time
Example
The meeting will last for a period of two hours.
会議は2時間の期間続きます。
C1 adjective /prɪˈkoʊʃəs/

precocious

早熟
Meaning
Showing advanced development or maturity at an unusually early age.
Example
The precocious child was reading novels at the age of five.
その早熟な子供は5歳で小説を読んでいました。
C1 noun /ˈpærəˌlɛlɪzəm/

parallelism

平行主義
Meaning
The state of being parallel or similar; in literature, the use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same or similar in construction.
Example
The writer used parallelism to give rhythm to his prose.
作家は自分の文章にリズムを与えるために平行主義を使用しました。
B2 noun prɒsˈpɛr.ɪ.ti

prosperity

繁栄
Meaning
The state of being prosperous; success or wealth.
Example
The country achieved great prosperity during the last decade.
その国は過去十年間で大きな繁栄を達成しました。
C2 adjective /ˈpaɪbɔːld/

piebald

二色の斑点
Meaning
having irregular patches of two colors, especially black and white
Example
The farmer owns a piebald horse with black and white spots.
農夫は黒と白の斑点があるパイボールドの馬を飼っています。
B2 noun pərˈsɛpʃən

perception

知覚、理解
Meaning
The ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses
Example
Our perception of the situation was shaped by our prior experiences.
私たちの状況に対する知覚は、私たちの過去の経験によって形作られました。
B2 noun /ˈpraɪ.vət ˈtuː.tər/

Private tutor

プライベートチューター
Meaning
a teacher who gives individual instruction to a student outside of regular school
Example
The private tutor helped the student improve his math skills.
プライベートチューターは、学生が数学スキルを向上させるのを手伝いました。
C2 noun /prəˈlɪksɪti/

prolixity

冗長
Meaning
the quality of being tediously wordy and long
Example
The book’s prolixity made it difficult to read in one sitting.
本のプロリクシティは一度に読むのを難しくしました。
B1 verb /pərˈsweɪd/

persuade

幸せ
Meaning
to convince someone to do or believe something through reasoning or argument
Example
He persuaded his friend to join the club.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠せなかった。
B2 noun pɑrˈtɪʃən

partition

分割
Meaning
The action of dividing or being divided into parts; separation.
Example
Partition caused unrest.
分割が騒動を引き起こした。
B1 noun /ˈproʊɡræmɪŋ/

programing

プログラミング
Meaning
the process of writing computer code to create software or applications
Example
He spends most of his time learning computer programming.
彼はコンピュータープログラミングを学ぶのにほとんどの時間を費やしています。
A2 noun /pɛt/

pet

ペット
Meaning
a domesticated animal kept for companionship or pleasure
Example
My dog is my favorite pet.
私の犬は私のお気に入りのペットです。
C2 verb /prɪˈpɒndəreɪt/

preponderate

優位を占める
Meaning
To be greater in influence, weight, or number.
Example
In the debate, logical arguments preponderated over emotional appeals.
議論の中で、論理的な議論は感情的な訴えに勝りました。
C1 noun /ˈpɑːr.keɪ/

parquet

木製の床
Meaning
A floor made of wooden blocks arranged in a geometric pattern.
Example
The old mansion had a beautiful parquet floor.
その古い邸宅には美しい木製の床がありました。
C2 adjective /ˈpɪrɪk/

pyrrhic

ピリック勝利
Meaning
A victory won at such a great cost that it is almost equivalent to defeat.
Example
The general declared the battle a pyrrhic victory due to heavy losses.
将軍は大きな損失のため、この戦いをピリック勝利と宣言した。
B2 noun/verb /pɜːrk/

perk

特典
Meaning
A benefit or advantage associated with a job; or to become more lively or cheerful.
Example
One of the perks of working here is free lunch every Friday.
ここで働くことの特典の一つは、毎週金曜日に無料ランチが提供されることです。
C1 noun /ˈper.ɪ.wɪŋ.kəl/

Periwinkle

ペリウィンクル
Meaning
a small trailing plant with violet-blue or white flowers
Example
Purple periwinkles covered the garden ground beautifully.
紫色のペリウィンクルが美しく庭の地面を覆っていました。
C2 noun /pərˈsɪpiəns/

percipience

洞察力
Meaning
The ability to perceive, understand, or notice things quickly.
Example
His percipience in reading people made him a great negotiator.
人々を読む彼の洞察力は、彼を素晴らしい交渉者にしました。
C2 adjective /ˈpɒndərəbl/

ponderable

考慮できる, 思案可能
Meaning
able to be considered or thought about
Example
The evidence was substantial and ponderable.
証拠は重要であり、思案可能でした。
A2 noun, verb /pəʊst/

post

ポスト
Meaning
a job or position, or to send something by mail
Example
She posted a letter to her friend yesterday.
彼女は昨日友達に手紙をポストした。
C1 noun /ˈpæŋkriəs/

pancreas

膵臓
Meaning
A gland in the abdomen that produces insulin and digestive enzymes.
Example
The pancreas plays a vital role in digestion and blood sugar regulation.
膵臓は消化と血糖の調節に重要な役割を果たしています。
C2 noun /proʊˈskrɪp.ʃən/

proscription

禁止
Meaning
the act of forbidding something, especially by law
Example
The proscription of child labor is an important human rights achievement.
児童労働の禁止は人権の重要な成果です。
C2 noun /ˌfəʊ.təʊ.sen.sɪˈtɪv.ɪ.ti/

photosensitivity

光感受性
Meaning
Sensitivity to light, especially abnormal sensitivity that may cause discomfort or damage.
Example
Overrubbing can increase photosensitivity.
過度の摩擦は光感受性を増加させる可能性があります。
C1 noun /ˈpædʒənt/

pageant

美人コンテスト
Meaning
A public entertainment consisting of a procession of people in elaborate costumes, or a beauty contest.
Example
She won first place in the beauty pageant.
彼女は美人コンテストで一位を獲得しました
C1 noun /ˈpaɪ.ə.ti/

Piety

信仰心
Meaning
the quality of being religious or reverent; devout religious belief and practice
Example
His piety was evident in his daily prayers.
彼の信仰心は毎日の祈りに明らかでした。
C1 adjective /ˈpiːkənt/

piquant

辛い
Meaning
having a pleasantly sharp or spicy taste; interestingly provocative
Example
The chef added a piquant sauce to the dish to enhance its flavor.
シェフは料理に辛いソースを加えて、味を引き立てました。
C2 adjective /ˈpɛkənt/

peccant

有罪
Meaning
Guilty of a moral offense or wrongdoing; sinful.
Example
The judge declared the peccant official unfit for office.
裁判官は有罪の役人を職務に不適格と宣言した。
C1 adjective /pəˈrɛniəl/

perennial

永続的
Meaning
lasting or existing for a long time, or recurring continually
Example
Climate change is a perennial concern for scientists.
気候変動は科学者にとって永続的な関心事です。
B2 adjective /ˈpæsɪv/

passive

受動的; (文法) 受動態
Meaning
not actively responding or participating; in grammar, denoting the voice in which the subject undergoes the action
Example
Instead of taking charge, he remained passive during the meeting.
会議では責任を取る代わりに、彼は受動的なままでした。
C1 noun /ˌfəʊtəʊˈsɪnθɛtɪk ɪˈfɪʃənsi/

photosynthetic efficiency

光合成効率
Meaning
The measure of how effectively plants convert light energy into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis, directly affecting plant growth and crop yield.
Example
Improving photosynthetic efficiency can increase crop yields.
光合成効率を改善すると、作物の収量を増やすことができます。
A2 noun /ˈpoʊɪt/

poet

詩人
Meaning
a person who writes poems
Example
The poet wrote about love and nature.
詩人は愛と自然について書いた。
B1 noun /ˈpænəl/

panel

パネル, 審査員グループ
Meaning
a group of people gathered to discuss, judge, or advise on a particular topic
Example
The panel of judges announced the winner of the competition.
審査員のパネルはコンテストの優勝者を発表しました。
C1 adjective /ˈpɑːm.pəs/

Pompous

気取った; うぬぼれた; 過度に豪華な
Meaning
showing off; pretentious; overly grand
Example
His pompous attitude annoyed everyone at the meeting.
彼の気取った態度は会議でみんなを苛立たせました。
B2 adjective /ˈpɔɪn.tɪd/

Pointed

鋭い; 直接的で明確な
Meaning
having a sharp end; direct and unambiguous
Example
She made a pointed remark about his behavior.
彼女は彼の行動について鋭いコメントをしました。
C2 noun /ˌpɜː.spɪˈkæs.ɪ.ti/

perspicacity

鋭い洞察力
Meaning
Sharp insight, keen understanding and discernment.
Example
Her perspicacity in business decisions led to success.
彼女のビジネスの意思決定における洞察力は成功をもたらした。
C2 noun /ˈpɔl.zi/

Palsy

麻痺
Meaning
paralysis, especially that which is accompanied by involuntary tremors; loss of muscle control
Example
The elderly man suffered from palsy in his hands.
その高齢者は手の震えによる麻痺に苦しんでいました。
C1 noun /ˈpɑːrtʃmənt/

parchment

羊皮紙
Meaning
a thin material made from animal skin, used in the past for writing
Example
The ancient manuscript was written on parchment.
古代の写本は羊皮紙に書かれていました。
A2 adjective /ˈpʌblɪk/

public

公共の
Meaning
relating to or affecting the people as a whole
Example
The public demanded action on the issue.
公共はこの問題に対する行動を要求しました。
C1 noun /ˈprɛsɪdəns/ or /prɪˈsiːdəns/

precedence

優先
Meaning
the condition of being considered more important than someone or something else; priority
Example
Safety takes precedence over speed in this factory.
この工場では、安全が速度より優先されます。
C2 noun, verb /ˈpɑːrli/

parley

交渉
Meaning
a discussion between opposing sides, especially to negotiate terms
Example
The generals met to parley over the terms of surrender.
将軍たちは降伏条件について話し合うために会った。
C1 noun /ˈpæstər/

pastor

牧師
Meaning
a minister in charge of a Christian church or congregation
Example
The pastor delivered a heartfelt sermon on compassion.
牧師は思いやりのある説教をしました。
A2 verb,noun /pæk/

pack

Meaning
to put things into a container for storage or transport; a collection of items kept together
Example
She packed her clothes into a suitcase for the trip.
B1 adverb /ˈprɒpərli/

properly

適切に
Meaning
in the correct or suitable manner
Example
He performed the task properly to avoid mistakes.
彼は間違いを避けるために仕事を正しく行いました。
B1 adverb /ˈpɜːfɪktli/

perfectly

Meaning
in a perfect manner; without flaws
Example
She performed the task perfectly.
C2 noun /ˌperəˈreɪʃən/

peroration

結びの演説
Meaning
The concluding part of a speech, often intended to inspire or persuade.
Example
The politician's peroration left the audience applauding enthusiastically.
政治家のペロレーションは、観客を熱狂的に拍手させました。
B2 noun pɛsts

pests

害虫, 害を及ぼす動物
Meaning
Harmful or troublesome creatures, especially insects or small animals that damage crops, food, or living spaces.
Example
Pests can damage crops and cause diseases.
害虫は作物を損傷し、病気を引き起こす可能性があります。
C2 adjective /ˌprɒfɪˈlæktɪk/

prophylactic

予防的
Meaning
intended to prevent disease or an unwanted outcome; protective
Example
The doctor prescribed a prophylactic treatment to prevent infection.
医師は感染を防ぐために予防的な治療を処方しました。
C1 noun /ˈprəʊ.lɒɡ/

prologue

序章
Meaning
an introduction to a book, play, or event
Example
The novel begins with a short prologue set in the past.
その小説は、過去に設定された短いプロローグで始まります。
C2 noun /pɪθ/

pith

本質、要点
Meaning
the essential or central part of something
Example
The pith of his argument was that honesty matters most.
彼の議論の本質は、誠実さが最も重要だということでした。
B1 noun /ˈpaɪ.lət/

Pilot

パイロット
Meaning
a person who operates the controls of an aircraft
Example
The experienced pilot landed the plane safely during the storm.
経験豊富なパイロットが嵐の中で飛行機を安全に着陸させました。
C1 noun /pluːm/

plume

大きくて柔らかい羽または羽のようなもの
Meaning
a large, soft feather or something resembling a feather
Example
The soldier wore a red plume on his helmet.
兵士はヘルメットに赤い羽をつけていた。
C2 noun /ˈpɛdənt/

pedant

細かいことにこだわる人
Meaning
A person who is excessively concerned with minor details or rules, often in a showy way.
Example
The professor was criticized as a pedant who focused too much on trivial details.
その教授は細かいことにこだわりすぎるペダントとして批判された。
C1 noun /ˈprɒdɪdʒi/

prodigy

天才児
Meaning
a person, especially a young one, with exceptional talents or abilities
Example
Mozart was a child prodigy in music.
モーツァルトは音楽の天才児でした。
B2 noun pəˈspek.tɪvz

perspectives

視点
Meaning
A particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view.
Example
New perspectives enhance understanding.
新しい視点が理解を深めます。
B2 noun /prɪˈtens/

Pretence

偽り
Meaning
an attempt to make something that is not the case appear true
Example
He made no pretence of being interested in the conversation.
彼は会話に興味があるふりをしなかった。
A2 noun /pɪn/

pin

ピン
Meaning
a small thin piece of metal used to fasten or hold things together
Example
She used a pin to attach the note to the board.
彼女はボードにメモを留めるためにピンを使った。
B1 noun /pəˈsɪf.ɪk ˈoʊ.ʃən/

Pacific Ocean

太平洋
Meaning
The largest and deepest ocean on Earth, stretching from Asia to the Americas.
Example
The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean on Earth.
太平洋は地球上で最大の海洋です。
B2 noun /prəˈfɪʃənsi/

proficiency

熟練
Meaning
Competency or skill; expertise.
Example
His proficiency in multiple languages is remarkable.
彼の複数の言語における熟練度は素晴らしい。
B2 noun /pʌntʃ/

Punch

パンチ
Meaning
a tool used for making holes or indentations in materials
Example
The carpenter used a punch to make holes in the leather.
大工は革に穴を開けるためにパンチを使用しました。
B2 noun /ˈpɪlər/

pillar

柱
Meaning
a strong vertical support or mainstay of a structure or system
Example
The ancient temple was supported by massive stone pillars.
古代の寺院は巨大な石の柱によって支えられていました。
C1 adjective /pləˈtɒnɪk/

platonic

プラトニック
Meaning
relating to a close relationship that is not romantic or sexual
Example
They have a platonic friendship that has lasted for years.
彼らは長年続いているプラトニックな友情を持っています。
C2 noun ˈfaɪ.təʊˌnjuː.tri.ənt

phytonutrient

フィトニュートリエント
Meaning
Chemical compounds produced by plants that are beneficial to human health but not essential nutrients.
Example
Broccoli is rich in phytonutrients that enhance immunity.
ブロッコリーは免疫力を高めるフィトニュートリエントを豊富に含んでいます。
C2 noun /ˈpɛnjʊri/

penury

極貧
Meaning
extreme poverty or destitution
Example
He grew up in penury but became successful later in life.
彼は貧困の中で育ちましたが、その後、人生で成功しました。
A2 verb /prəˈvaɪd/

provide

提供する
Meaning
to give or supply something that is needed or wanted
Example
The teacher will provide extra materials for the students.
教師は学生に追加の資料を提供するでしょう。
C1 noun /ˈpruːdəns/

prudence

慎重
Meaning
The quality of being cautious, wise, and exercising good judgment.
Example
She invested her money with great prudence.
彼女は非常に慎重にお金を投資した。
A1 noun /ˈpɑːpə/

papa

お父さん
Meaning
an informal or affectionate term for one’s father
Example
Papa is picking me up from school today.
パパは今日学校に迎えに来る。
B2 verb, noun, adjective /prɑːmpt/

prompt

促す / 迅速
Meaning
To cause someone to take action; done without delay.
Example
His speech prompted the audience to ask questions.
彼のスピーチは聴衆に質問を促しました。
C1 adjective /ˌprɛfəˈrɛnʃəl/

preferential

優遇
Meaning
showing or giving advantage to one over others
Example
Members receive preferential treatment at the club.
メンバーはクラブで優遇されます。
C2 verb /ˈprɒsəˌlaɪtaɪz/

proselytize

改宗させようとする
Meaning
To try to persuade someone to convert to a different belief or religion.
Example
They tried to proselytize the villagers with their new ideas.
彼らは新しいアイデアで村人たちを改宗させようとした。
C2 noun /ˈpraɪəri/

priory

修道院
Meaning
a small monastery or convent governed by a prior or prioress
Example
The old priory was converted into a museum.
古い修道院は博物館に改装されました。
B2 adverb /pɪˈkju:.li.ə.li/

Peculiarly

奇妙に; 異常に
Meaning
in a strange or unusual way; in a manner that is distinctive or characteristic
Example
She dressed peculiarly for the formal dinner, wearing bright colors and unusual patterns.
彼女はフォーマルディナーのために、明るい色と珍しい柄の服を着て、特異な方法でドレスアップしました。
C2 adjective /pɒnˈtɪfɪkəl/

pontifical

教皇または司教に関連する; 傲慢または高慢な
Meaning
relating to a pope or bishop; pompous or self-important
Example
His pontifical manner annoyed the other members of the committee.
彼の高慢な態度は委員会の他のメンバーを困らせた。
B2 noun /paʊtʃ/

pouch

ポーチ
Meaning
a small bag or pocket, often used to carry small items
Example
She kept her coins in a small leather pouch.
彼女は小さな革のポーチにコインを入れていました。
C1 noun /pækt/

Pact

協定; 契約
Meaning
a formal agreement between individuals or parties; a treaty or contract
Example
The two countries signed a peace pact to end the war.
二国は戦争を終わらせるために平和協定に署名した。
C1 verb /ˈpærəlaɪz/

paralyze

麻痺させる
Meaning
to cause someone or something to lose the ability to move or function normally
Example
The sudden shock seemed to paralyze him.
突然の衝撃が彼を麻痺させたようだった。
C2 noun /ˈpruːdəri/

prudery

Meaning
the behavior or attitude of people who are too easily shocked or offended by sexual matters
Example
His prudery often made others uncomfortable during open discussions.
B1 verb /prɪˈdɪkt/

predict

予測する
Meaning
to say that something will happen in the future
Example
Scientists predict rain tomorrow.
科学者たちは明日雨が降ると予測しています。
B2 verb /pərˈsɪst/

persist

Meaning
to continue firmly in an action or opinion despite difficulty or opposition
Example
She decided to persist in her efforts to learn French.
B2 verb /ˈprɒsɪkjuːt/

prosecute

起訴する
Meaning
to institute legal proceedings against someone
Example
The lawyer decided to prosecute the case after gathering sufficient evidence.
弁護士は十分な証拠を集めた後、訴訟を起こすことを決めました。
B2 noun /pəˈzeʃ.ən/

Possession

所有権; 財産; 支配
Meaning
something that belongs to someone; the state of having or owning something
Example
The house has been in their family's possession for generations.
その家は何世代にもわたって彼らの家族の所有物です。
A1 verb /peɪ/

pay

支払う
Meaning
to give money in exchange for goods or services
Example
I need to pay my bills on time.
私は時間通りに請求書を支払わなければなりません。
C2 adjective /ˌpjuːsɪˈlænɪməs/

pusillanimous

臆病な
Meaning
showing a lack of courage or determination; timid
Example
The pusillanimous leader avoided making tough decisions.
臆病なリーダーは難しい決断を避けていた。
C1 noun ˌpɒlɪˈneɪʃən

Pollination

受粉
Meaning
The process by which pollen is transferred from flowers, enabling plant reproduction.
Example
Butterflies play a vital role in pollination.
蝶々は受粉において重要な役割を果たしています。
C1 verb /paʊt/

pout

口を尖らせる
Meaning
to push one's lips forward as an expression of annoyance or sulkiness
Example
The child began to pout when he didn’t get the toy.
おもちゃをもらえなかったとき、子供は口を尖らせることを始めた。
B2 noun /ˈpjʊə.rɪ.ti/

Purity

純粋さ; 清潔さ; 汚染からの自由
Meaning
the state of being pure; cleanness or freedom from contamination
Example
The purity of the mountain water was remarkable.
山の水の純粋さは注目に値しました。
A2 noun /ˈpɑːswɜːd/

password

パスワード
Meaning
a secret word or phrase used to gain access to something
Example
Make sure your password is strong and unique.
あなたのパスワードが強力でユニークであることを確認してください。
C2 adjective /prəˈtuːbərənt/

protuberant

突出または膨らんだ
Meaning
Sticking out or bulging.
Example
His protuberant belly showed after the meal.
食事の後、彼の膨らんだ腹が見えた。
B1 noun /preɪz/

Praise

賞賛
Meaning
words that show approval or admiration; to express approval or admiration
Example
The teacher gave praise to the students for their hard work.
教師は学生たちの努力を賞賛しました。
B2 noun /ˈpeə.rən.tɪŋ/

parenting

育児
Meaning
The care and training a child receives while growing up, involving the development of their mental, physical, and social aspects.
Example
Effective parenting helps children develop confidence and independence.
効果的な育児は、子供たちが自信と独立心を育むのを助けます。
C1 noun /fɪˈziːk/

physique

体格
Meaning
the form, size, and development of a person's body
Example
He has an athletic physique due to years of training.
彼は長年のトレーニングでアスリートのような体格を持っています。
C2 noun /pəˈlɛmɪk/

polemic

論争的な攻撃
Meaning
a strong verbal or written attack on someone or something
Example
The article was a fierce polemic against the government's policies.
その記事は政府の政策に対する激しい論争的な攻撃でした。
C2 noun /ˈprɑːflɪɡəsi/

profligacy

浪費
Meaning
reckless wastefulness or extravagance
Example
His profligacy with money led him to bankruptcy.
彼の浪費は彼を破産させました。
B1 noun /pɒnd/

Pond

池
Meaning
a small body of still water formed naturally or by artificial means
Example
The children fed the ducks at the pond in the park.
子供たちは公園の池でアヒルに餌をあげました。
C1 adjective /præɡˈmæt.ɪk/

pragmatic

実用的
Meaning
Dealing with things sensibly and realistically in a way that is based on practical rather than idealistic considerations.
Example
He took a pragmatic approach to solving the financial crisis.
彼は財政危機を解決するために実用的なアプローチを採用しました。
C1 verb /proʊˈtrækt/

protract

延長する
Meaning
To prolong or extend in time or duration.
Example
Negotiations were protracted for several months.
交渉は数ヶ月間延長されました。
C2 adjective /ˈpliːnəri/

plenary

全体の
Meaning
complete in every way; fully attended or absolute
Example
The committee held a plenary session to discuss all matters of importance.
委員会はすべての重要な問題について議論するために全体会議を開いた。
C1 noun /pʌn/

pun

言葉遊び
Meaning
A humorous use of words that suggests different meanings or words that sound alike.
Example
He made a clever pun about the bakery's bread rising.
彼はベーカリーでパンが膨らんでいることについて巧妙な言葉遊びをしました。
C2 noun /ˈpætrɪsaɪd/

patricide

父殺し
Meaning
The act of killing one's own father.
Example
The ancient myth describes a son committing patricide to take the throne.
古代の神話は、王位を取るために父殺しをした息子を描いています。
A2 noun /ˈpoʊɪtri/

poetry

詩
Meaning
a literary form that uses rhythmic and metaphorical language to express emotions or ideas
Example
She loves reading poetry in her free time.
彼女は自由時間に詩を読むのが好きです。