A2 adjective /ˈmɒdən/

modern

現代的

Meaning

relating to the present or recent times, not ancient or old-fashioned

Example

They live in a modern apartment with new facilities.

彼らは新しい設備のある現代的なアパートに住んでいます。

C1 verb, noun /mʊər/

moor

係留する / 荒れ地

Meaning

As a verb: to tie a ship so that it stays in place. As a noun: open, uncultivated land.

Example

The sailors moored the ship at the dock.

水夫たちは船をドックに停泊させました。

B2 noun /menˈtæləti/

Mentality

メンタリティ; 思考方法

Meaning

The characteristic attitude of mind or way of thinking of a person or group

Example

The team needs to develop a winning mentality to succeed.

チームは成功するために勝者のメンタリティを発展させる必要がある。

C2 noun /ˈmækɪntɒʃ/

mackintosh

レインコート

Meaning

a waterproof raincoat, originally made from rubberized fabric

Example

He wore a mackintosh to stay dry in the rain.

彼は雨の中で乾いたままでいるためにマッキントッシュを着ていました。

A1 noun /mɑːm/

mom

ママ

Meaning

an informal word for mother

Example

My mom makes the best homemade food.

私のママは一番美味しい手作り料理を作る。

A2 adjective ˈmed.ɪ.kəl

medical

医学的

Meaning

Relating to the practice of medicine or the treatment of illness and injuries.

Example

Medical education has improved significantly.

医学教育は大幅に改善されました。

C1 adjective /ˈmɜː.sɪ.ləs/

Merciless

容赦ない; 残酷な;

Meaning

showing no mercy or pity; cruel and heartless

Example

The merciless dictator showed no compassion.

容赦のない独裁者は、同情を示さなかった。

C1 adjective /ˌmiː.diˈoʊ.kər/

mediocre

平凡

Meaning

Of only average quality; not very good.

Example

The movie was entertaining but overall mediocre.

その映画は面白かったが、全体的に平凡だった。

C2 noun /məˈnæʒəri/

menagerie

野生動物のコレクション

Meaning

a collection of wild animals kept for exhibition; a diverse or strange group of people or things

Example

The circus had a menagerie of exotic animals.

サーカスには異国的な動物のコレクションがありました。

C2 adjective /ˈmʌnid/

Moneyed

金持ち; 裕福な; 富裕な

Meaning

having much money; wealthy; rich

Example

She comes from a moneyed family with extensive real estate holdings.

彼女は広範な不動産を持つ裕福な家庭から来ています。

C1 noun /mæɡˈnɪfɪsəns/

magnificence

壮麗

Meaning

splendor, grandeur, or impressive beauty

Example

The magnificence of the palace left everyone speechless.

宮殿の壮麗さに誰もが言葉を失った。

A2 noun/adjective /meɪl/

male

男性

Meaning

a man or boy; relating to men or boys

Example

The school has more male teachers than female teachers.

学校には女性の教師よりも男性の教師が多い。

A1 pronoun /maɪ/

my

私の

Meaning

used to indicate possession or ownership

Example

This is my book.

これは私の本です。

C1 noun /məˈdɜːrnəti/

modernity

現代性

Meaning

The quality or condition of being modern; up-to-date ideas, practices, or style.

Example

The city’s architecture reflects both tradition and modernity.

その都市の建築は、伝統と現代性の両方を反映しています。

C2 verb /ˈmæsəˌreɪt/

macerate

浸す

Meaning

to soften or break up something, especially food, by soaking in liquid

Example

The chef macerated the fruit in wine before serving.

シェフは果物をワインにマセレートしてから提供しました。

C1 noun /ˈmɪl.ɪ.tənt/

Militant

過激派

Meaning

A person who uses aggressive or violent methods to promote a political or social cause

Example

The militant group demanded immediate political reforms.

過激派グループは即時の政治改革を要求した。

A2 noun ˈmuːv.mənts

movements

運動

Meaning

Organized efforts by groups of people working together to advance their shared political, social, or artistic ideas.

Example

Freedom movements paved the way for independence.

自由運動は独立への道を切り開いた。

C1 noun /ˌmɪsdɪˈmiːnər/

misdemeanor

軽犯罪

Meaning

A minor wrongdoing or criminal offense that is less serious than a felony.

Example

He was fined for a misdemeanor involving public disturbance.

公共の秩序に関わる軽犯罪で罰金を科された。

B2 verb /ˈmeməraɪz/

memorize

暗記する

Meaning

to learn something by heart; to commit to memory

Example

Students need to memorize important formulas for the exam.

学生は試験のために重要な公式を覚える必要があります。

A1 adjective /ˈmɛni/

many

多くの

Meaning

a large number of

Example

Many students attended the lecture.

多くの学生が講義に参加しました。

B2 noun ˈmoʊ.baɪl sɪˈkjʊr.ə.ti

mobile security

モバイルセキュリティ

Meaning

Protection of mobile devices and the data stored on them from security threats.

Example

Strong mobile security protects personal information.

強力なモバイルセキュリティは個人情報を保護します。

C1 noun /ˈmænəˌrɪzəm/

Mannerism

癖

Meaning

A habitual gesture or way of speaking or behaving; an idiosyncrasy

Example

His constant throat clearing had become an annoying mannerism.

彼の絶え間ない喉の清掃は迷惑な癖になっていた。

C2 verb /ˈmɪlɪˌteɪt/

militate

妨げる

Meaning

to have a strong effect against something; to work as a powerful factor in preventing or influencing an outcome

Example

His lack of experience will militate against his promotion.

彼の経験不足が昇進に対して障害となるだろう。

C2 noun /maɪˈnjuːʃə/

minutia

細かい事

Meaning

a small or trivial detail of something

Example

He was bored by the minutia of office paperwork.

彼はオフィスの書類の細かい事に飽きていた。

B2 verb /maɪˈɡreɪt/

migrate

Meaning

To move from one region or habitat to another, especially regularly according to the seasons or for work.

Example

Birds migrate south during the winter.

C2 noun /ˈmɪlk pɒt/

Milk-pot

ミルクポット

Meaning

a container specifically used for storing or serving milk

Example

She poured fresh milk from the milk-pot into her glass.

彼女はミルクポットから新鮮なミルクをグラスに注いだ。

B2 noun /moʊd/

Mode

モード; 方法

Meaning

a way or manner in which something occurs or is done; a setting

Example

The computer has a sleep mode to save energy.

コンピュータにはエネルギーを節約するためのスリープモードがあります。

C1 noun nɪˈmɒnɪks

mnemonics

記憶術、助記符

Meaning

A technique to aid memory; a device such as a pattern of letters, ideas, or associations

Example

Mnemonics help in remembering complex concepts easily.

ニーモニクスは複雑な概念を簡単に覚えるのに役立ちます。

A2 noun /ˈmɪljən/

million

百万

Meaning

the number equivalent to one thousand thousand (1,000,000)

Example

The movie earned over a million dollars in its first week.

その映画は最初の週に100万ドル以上を稼ぎました。

C1 noun /ˈmæk.rəʊˌnjuː.tri.ənts/

macronutrients

マクロン栄養素

Meaning

Nutrients that are needed in large amounts to provide energy and building materials for the body, including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Example

Proteins, fats, and carbohydrates are vital macronutrients.

タンパク質、脂肪、炭水化物は重要なマクロン栄養素です。

B2 verb ম্যানিফেস্ট

manifest

現れる

Meaning

To show or demonstrate clearly; to become evident or apparent.

Example

Symptoms of De Quervain's Syndrome may manifest after prolonged phone use.

デ・クエルヴァイン症候群の症状は、長時間の携帯電話使用後に現れることがあります。

C2 noun ˌmɛtəkɒɡˈnɪʃən

metacognition

思考について考える

Meaning

Awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes

Example

Metacognition enhances problem-solving abilities.

メタ認知は問題解決能力を高めます。

C1 adjective /ˈmɑːrʃəl/

martial

軍事的な

Meaning

Related to war, soldiers, or military life.

Example

The country imposed martial law during the crisis.

その国は危機の間に戒厳令を施行した。

C2 noun /ˈmɜːkinəs/

murkiness

濁り

Meaning

The quality of being dark, gloomy, or unclear.

Example

The murkiness of the water made it hard to see the fish.

水の濁りが魚を見るのを難しくしました。

C2 noun /məˈrɔː.dər/

marauder

略奪者

Meaning

a person who roams around in search of things to steal or people to attack

Example

Villagers feared the marauders who raided their homes.

村人たちは自分たちの家を襲った略奪者を恐れていた。

C1 adjective ˌmɒn.jʊˈmɛn.təl

monumental

巨大な重要性、規模、またはサイズ

Meaning

Great in importance, extent, or size; exceptionally great; forming or serving as a monument.

Example

The discovery of electricity was a monumental achievement.

電気の発見はモニュメンタルな成果でした。

B2 adverb /ˈmɪərli/

merely

ただ

Meaning

Only; nothing more than.

Example

She was merely trying to help.

彼女はただ助けようとしていました。

C1 noun ˌmɛtə ˈmɔːfəsɪs

metamorphosis

変容

Meaning

A change of the form or nature of a thing or person into a completely different one, by natural or supernatural means.

Example

The company's metamorphosis from a small startup to a global leader was remarkable.

その企業が小さなスタートアップから世界的リーダーへと変容したのは驚くべきことだった。

C2 noun /meɪndʒ/

mange

疥癬

Meaning

a skin disease in animals caused by parasitic mites, leading to hair loss and sores

Example

The stray dog was suffering from mange.

野良犬は疥癬に苦しんでいた。

A2 noun /ˈmaʊn.tɪn/

Mountain

山

Meaning

a large natural elevation of earth and rock rising above the ground

Example

They climbed the highest mountain in the region.

彼らはその地域で最も高い山を登りました。

A1 verb /muːv/

move

動かす

Meaning

to change position; to go from one place to another; to relocate

Example

They decided to move to a bigger house.

彼らはもっと大きな家に引っ越すことに決めました。

C2 noun /məˈdæliən/

medallion

メダリオン

Meaning

a large medal or decorative piece, often worn as jewelry or used in architecture

Example

She wore a gold medallion around her neck.

彼女は首に金のメダリオンをつけていました。

C1 adjective /ˈmeɪkˌʃɪft/

makeshift

即席の

Meaning

used as a temporary substitute; improvised

Example

They used boxes as a makeshift table.

彼らは箱を即席のテーブルとして使った。

C1 verb /ˈmɒd.jʊ.leɪt/

modulate

調整する

Meaning

To change the strength, tone, or pitch of something; to adjust or regulate.

Example

A good speaker knows how to modulate their voice.

良いスピーカーは、自分の声を調整する方法を知っています。

C2 noun /mjuːz/

mews

路地/小道

Meaning

A row or street of houses or apartments that have been converted from stables or built to look like former stables.

Example

They rented a small flat in a quiet London mews.

彼らはロンドンの静かなミューズに小さなアパートを借りました。

B2 noun /ˈmɪd.deɪ/

Midday

正午

Meaning

The middle of the day; twelve o'clock in the daytime; noon

Example

The sun is brightest at midday when it's directly overhead.

太陽は正午に最も輝いており、真上にあります。

B1 noun /ˈmɪs.tər.i/

Mystery

謎; 説明できないこと

Meaning

something that is difficult or impossible to understand or explain

Example

The disappearance of the plane remains a mystery.

飛行機の失踪は謎のままである。

C1 noun ˌmɒd.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃənz

modifications

修正

Meaning

The action of making partial or minor changes to something.

Example

DNA modifications enable enhanced traits in crops.

DNAの修正により作物の特性が向上します。

C2 adjective /ˈmʌltɪfɔːrm/

multiform

多様な

Meaning

Having many different forms or appearances.

Example

The festival was a multiform celebration of art, music, and culture.

その祭りは、芸術、音楽、文化の多様な祝典でした。

C1 noun /ˌmælnuːˈtrɪʃən/

Malnutrition

栄養失調; 不適切な栄養

Meaning

Lack of proper nutrition; poor nourishment

Example

Malnutrition among children is a serious public health concern.

子供たちの間で栄養失調は深刻な公衆衛生の問題です。

C2 adjective /ˈmɪnətɔːri/

minatory

威嚇的な

Meaning

Expressing a threat; menacing.

Example

The criminal gave the witness a minatory look.

犯人は証人に威嚇的な視線を送った。

C2 noun/verb /ˈmæn.ə.kəl/

manacle

手錠

Meaning

A metal shackle for fastening someone's hands or ankles; also to restrain with such shackles.

Example

The prisoner was manacled before being taken to court.

囚人は裁判所に連れて行かれる前に手錠をかけられました。

C1 adjective /maɪˈɑːpɪk/

myopic

近視的な、視野が狭い

Meaning

lacking foresight or long-term perspective; also refers to nearsightedness

Example

The company’s myopic strategy led to long-term losses.

その会社の近視的な戦略は、長期的な損失を招いた。

C1 noun /ˈmɪʃ.ən.ɛr.i/

Missionary

宣教師

Meaning

A person sent on a religious mission to promote their faith in a foreign country

Example

The missionary spent years teaching and helping people in remote villages.

宣教師は遠隔地の村で何年も人々に教え、助けてきました。

B2 adverb /ˈmæn.ju.ə.li/

Manually

手動で; 物理的な労力を使って;

Meaning

by hand; using physical effort rather than machines

Example

The data was entered manually into the system.

データは手動でシステムに入力されました。

C1 noun /ˈmɛm.breɪn/

membrane

膜

Meaning

A thin layer of tissue or material that covers, separates, or connects structures.

Example

The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

細胞膜は物質の細胞内外の移動を制御します。

B1 noun /mɑːsks/

masks

マスク

Meaning

Coverings for all or part of the face, worn as a disguise, for protection, or for medical reasons.

Example

Masks can protect against polluted air.

マスクは汚染された空気から守ることができます。

C2 adjective /ˌmɔːrɡəˈnætɪk/

morganatic

モルガナティック結婚

Meaning

relating to a marriage in which one partner, usually of lower social rank, does not share the titles or privileges of the other

Example

The prince entered into a morganatic marriage with a commoner.

王子は平民とモルガナティック結婚をしました。

C1 adjective /məˈnɒtənəs/

Monotonous

単調な; 退屈な; 繰り返しの

Meaning

lacking in variety; tediously unvarying; boring and repetitive

Example

The monotonous sound of the rain made everyone feel sleepy.

雨の単調な音がみんなを眠くさせた。

C2 noun /ˈmænˌiː.tər/

man-eater

人食い

Meaning

An animal that kills and eats humans; informally, a woman who is very assertive in relationships.

Example

The tiger became a notorious man-eater in the village.

その虎は村で悪名高い人食いとなった。

C1 verb /ˌmɪsˈriːd/

misread

誤って読む

Meaning

to read something incorrectly or interpret wrongly

Example

He misread the instructions and built the shelf incorrectly.

彼は指示を誤読して棚を間違って作った。

C2 noun /mjuːˈlætoʊ/

mulatto

混血の人（古くて攻撃的な言葉）

Meaning

an outdated and now offensive term historically used to describe a person of mixed white and Black ancestry

Example

The word 'mulatto' is now considered outdated and offensive.

'ムラット'という言葉は、現在では時代遅れで攻撃的だと見なされています。

B2 noun /məˈkænɪks/

mechanics

力学

Meaning

the branch of physics concerned with the motion of objects and the forces acting on them; also refers to the practical details of how something works

Example

He studied the mechanics of the machine before fixing it.

彼は機械を修理する前に、その力学を学んだ。

C1 verb /mɑːrd/

marred

台無しにする

Meaning

to spoil or damage the quality or appearance of something

Example

The celebration was marred by bad weather.

お祝いは悪天候で台無しになりました。

C1 verb /ˈmɜːrmər/

murmur

つぶやく

Meaning

To say something in a low, soft, or indistinct voice.

Example

She murmured a prayer before going to sleep.

彼女は寝る前に祈りをささやきました。

B2 noun /mjuːl/

Mule

ラバ

Meaning

the offspring of a donkey and a horse, used as a working animal

Example

The farmer used a mule to carry heavy loads.

農夫は重い荷物を運ぶためにラバを使いました。

C2 adjective /ˈmɒtli/

motley

混成

Meaning

Made up of different, often incongruous or diverse elements.

Example

The festival attracted a motley crowd of artists, musicians, and tourists.

フェスティバルはアーティスト、ミュージシャン、観光客からなる混成の群衆を引き寄せた。

B2 noun ˈmaɪnd.set

mindset

マインドセット

Meaning

The established set of attitudes held by someone.

Example

A growth mindset helps individuals embrace challenges.

成長マインドセットは、個人が挑戦を受け入れるのを助けます。

B1 noun ˈmeʒ.ərz

measures

措置

Meaning

A plan or course of action taken to achieve a particular purpose.

Example

Mitigation measures focus on reducing emissions.

緩和措置は排出量の削減に焦点を合わせています。

C2 adjective /ˈmɔːdlɪn/

maudlin

過度に感傷的な

Meaning

Overly sentimental, often tearfully or weakly emotional.

Example

He became maudlin after a few drinks.

彼は数杯飲んだ後、感傷的になった。

A2 adjective /ˈmɛsi/

messy

散らかった

Meaning

untidy or dirty; disorganized or chaotic

Example

His room was so messy that he couldn’t find his keys.

彼の部屋はとても散らかっていて、鍵が見つからなかった。

C1 adjective ˈmær.ɪ.taɪm

Maritime

海事の

Meaning

Connected with the sea, especially in relation to seafaring commercial or military activity.

Example

Maritime trade enhances the economy.

海上貿易は経済を促進する。

C1 noun /ˈmaɪkrəʊˌklaɪmæt/

microclimate

ミクロクライメート

Meaning

The climate of a small, specific area that may differ from the general climate of the surrounding region, often influenced by local factors like terrain, vegetation, or buildings.

Example

A microclimate can have a significant impact on plant growth.

マイクロクライメートは植物の成長に重要な影響を与える可能性があります。

A2 adjective /ˈmuːvɪŋ/

moving

感動的

Meaning

causing strong feelings, especially of sympathy or sadness

Example

Her speech was so moving that everyone cried.

彼女のスピーチはとても感動的で、みんな泣いてしまった。

C2 noun /ˌmænjəˈmɪʃən/

manumission

奴隷解放

Meaning

The act of a slave owner freeing their slaves.

Example

The manumission of the slaves marked a turning point in history.

奴隷の解放は歴史の転換点を示しました。

B2 noun /ˈmɜːrtʃənt/

merchant

商人

Meaning

a person or company involved in the trade of goods, especially in large quantities

Example

The merchant sold spices from distant lands.

商人は遠くの土地から香辛料を売っていた。

C1 noun /ˈmɒn.ə.stər.i/

Monastery

修道院; アシュラム

Meaning

a building or group of buildings where monks live and worship

Example

The ancient monastery was built on a hilltop.

古代の修道院は丘の頂上に建てられました。

B2 adverb /mɪdst/

Midst

真ん中で; その中で

Meaning

in the middle of; among

Example

She stood in the midst of the crowd.

彼女は群衆の真ん中に立っていました。

A1 verb /mʌst/

must

しなければならない

Meaning

to be required or obligated to

Example

You must complete your homework before you go out.

あなたは外出する前に宿題を終わらせなければなりません。

B1 noun, verb /ˈmɒnɪtər/

monitor

モニター、監視する

Meaning

to observe and check the progress or quality of something; also a device that displays information

Example

The teacher monitors the students during the exam.

先生は試験中に生徒を監視します。

A2 verb /ˈmɪsɪŋ/

missing

行方不明

Meaning

Being without or lacking; failing to be present or included.

Example

Many youths are missing economic opportunities.

多くの若者が経済的機会を逃しています。

C1 noun/adjective /ˈmɪstɪk/

mystic

神秘的な、精神的な探求者

Meaning

relating to mysteries, spirituality, or hidden truths; a person who seeks spiritual insight

Example

The mystic devoted his life to meditation and spiritual discovery.

その神秘的な探求者は瞑想と精神的発見に人生を捧げました。

B1 noun /ˈmeɪkər/

maker

創造者

Meaning

a person or thing that makes or produces something

Example

He is a famous movie maker in Hollywood.

彼はハリウッドの有名な映画製作者です。

C1 adjective ˌmiː.ti.ər.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl

meteorological

気象の

Meaning

Relating to weather conditions and atmospheric phenomena.

Example

Meteorological conditions affect farming cycles.

気象条件は農業サイクルに影響を及ぼす。

C1 verb /mɔːrf/

morph

変形する

Meaning

to change smoothly from one form, shape, or character into another

Example

The caterpillar will morph into a butterfly.

イモムシは蝶に変わるでしょう。

A2 noun ˈmem.bərz

members

メンバー

Meaning

A person, animal, or plant belonging to a particular group; an individual belonging to a group such as a society or team.

Example

Members collaborate to finalize recruitment decisions.

メンバーは採用決定を完了するために協力します。

B1 noun /ˈmiːtər/

meter

メートル

Meaning

A unit of length in the metric system equal to 100 centimeters; also, a device that measures quantity such as electricity or gas.

Example

The technician came to check the electricity meter.

技術者が電気メーターをチェックしに来ました。

C2 noun /ˈmɪsəleɪni/

miscellany

寄せ集め

Meaning

A collection or mixture of various things.

Example

The book is a miscellany of essays and poems.

その本はエッセイと詩の寄せ集めです。

B1 verb /ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/

multiply

掛け算

Meaning

to increase in number; to perform mathematical multiplication

Example

The bacteria multiply rapidly in warm conditions.

細菌は温暖な条件で急速に増殖します。

B2 adjective /ˈmæn.dəˌtɔːr.i/

mandatory

義務的な

Meaning

required by law or rules; compulsory

Example

Wearing seat belts is mandatory in most countries.

ほとんどの国でシートベルトの着用は義務的です。

C2 adjective /ˈmɒnɪtəri/

monitory

警告的な

Meaning

Giving a warning or cautionary advice; serving to warn.

Example

His monitory tone made everyone cautious about their next move.

彼の警告的な口調は、次の動きについて皆を警戒させました。

A2 noun /ˈmænɪdʒər/

manager

マネージャー

Meaning

a person responsible for controlling or administering an organization or group of staff

Example

The manager approved the new project plan.

マネージャーは新しいプロジェクト計画を承認しました。

C2 noun /mɪˈtɒnɪmi/

metonymy

換喩

Meaning

A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted with another closely related word or concept.

Example

In the phrase 'the crown will decide,' 'crown' is a metonymy for monarchy.

フレーズ「王冠が決定する」では、「王冠」が君主制の換喩です。

C2 noun /ˈmædrɪɡəl/

madrigal

Meaning

A short, lyrical poem set to music, typically from the Renaissance period.

Example

The choir performed a beautiful madrigal from the 16th century.

C1 noun /mɪˈrɑːʒ/

Mirage

蜃気楼

Meaning

An optical illusion caused by atmospheric conditions, especially in deserts

Example

The travelers saw a mirage of water in the desert.

旅行者は砂漠で水の蜃気楼を見ました。

A2 noun ˈmɒd.əl

model

モデル

Meaning

A framework, prototype, or simulation used to represent or understand a system or process.

Example

Scientists use a model to simulate climate change.

科学者たちは気候変動をシミュレートするためにモデルを使用します。

C1 adjective /ˌmɛtəˈfɔːrɪkəl/

metaphorical

比喩的な

Meaning

Characteristic of or relating to metaphor; figurative rather than literal.

Example

He used metaphorical language to describe his emotions.

彼は感情を表現するために比喩的な言葉を使った。

C1 noun /ˈmɒnəʊˌkʌltʃər/

monoculture

モノカルチャー

Meaning

The agricultural practice of growing only one type of crop over a large area and for many consecutive years, which can lead to increased vulnerability to pests and diseases.

Example

Monoculture can lead to soil depletion and increased pest vulnerability.

モノカルチャーは土壌の劣化や害虫への脆弱性の増加を引き起こす可能性があります。

C1 adjective /məˈdʒen.tə/

Magenta

マゼンタ色

Meaning

a bright purplish-red color

Example

She wore a beautiful magenta dress to the party.

彼女はパーティーに美しいマジェンタ色のドレスを着て行った。

C1 noun ˌmɪt.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən

mitigation

緩和

Meaning

The action of reducing the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of something.

Example

Mitigation of climate change requires collective effort.

気候変動の緩和には共同の努力が必要です。

C2 noun /maɪˈkrɑː.skə.pi/

microscopy

顕微鏡学

Meaning

The use of a microscope to observe small objects or organisms.

Example

Microscopy revealed the structure of the cells.

顕微鏡学は細胞の構造を明らかにしました。

C2 adjective /ˌmæl.əˈfɪʃ.ənt/

maleficient

悪意のある

Meaning

Doing harm or evil; having a harmful effect.

Example

The maleficient acts of the tyrant ruined the kingdom.

暴君の悪意のある行為は王国を滅ぼした。

C2 noun /ˈmɪn.i.ən/

minion

手先

Meaning

A follower or underling of a powerful person, especially a servile one.

Example

The dictator was surrounded by loyal minions who carried out his orders.

独裁者は忠実な手先に囲まれていて、彼の命令を実行していた。

C2 noun /ˈmʌrɪn/

murrain

家畜の伝染病

Meaning

An infectious disease that affects cattle and other animals, often fatal.

Example

The farmer lost many cows during the outbreak of murrain.

農家はムレインの流行中に多くの牛を失いました。

C1 noun ˈmɪl.ɪ.tər.i ɪnˈkɜː.ʃən

military incursion

軍事侵入

Meaning

A sudden armed attack or invasion by military forces into a territory.

Example

The military incursion caused widespread devastation.

軍事侵入は広範囲にわたる破壊を引き起こしました。

C1 noun ˌmiː.diˈɒk.rə.ti

mediocrity

平凡さ

Meaning

Being average or ordinary, not particularly good.

Example

He refused to settle for mediocrity and aimed for greatness.

彼は平凡さに満足せず、偉大さを目指して努力した。

B2 noun /məˈlɛəriə/

malaria

マラリア

Meaning

a serious infectious disease spread by mosquitoes, causing fever, chills, and sweating

Example

Malaria is a common disease in tropical regions.

マラリアは熱帯地域で一般的な病気です。

B2 noun ˈmɪdl klæs

middle-class

中産階級

Meaning

The social group between the upper and working classes, typically consisting of well-educated people.

Example

The middle-class was largely affected by the decision.

中産階級はその決定によって大きな影響を受けました。

C1 verb /ˌmɪsɪnˈtɜːrprɪt/

misinterpret

誤解する

Meaning

to understand or explain something wrongly

Example

He misinterpreted her silence as agreement.

彼は彼女の沈黙を同意と誤解した。

C2 adjective /ˌmɪsənˈθrɑːpɪk/

misanthropic

人間嫌いの

Meaning

having or showing a dislike of humankind

Example

His misanthropic attitude made it difficult for him to make friends.

彼の人間嫌いの態度は、友達を作るのを難しくした。

A2 /ˈmaɪ.krəˌfoʊn/

microphone

マイクロフォン

Meaning

A device that converts sound into an electrical signal, typically used to amplify or record voices or music.

Example

She spoke into the microphone during the presentation.

彼女はプレゼンテーション中にマイクロフォンで話していました。

B2 noun /ˈmɒdəreɪtər/

moderator

モデレーター

Meaning

A person who leads or oversees discussions, debates, or forums to maintain order.

Example

The moderator asked each panelist to share their views.

モデレーターは各パネリストに自分の意見を共有するように頼みました。

C2 verb /ˈmɔːndər/

maunder

無駄に話す

Meaning

To speak or move aimlessly and incoherently.

Example

He maundered on about his old memories.

彼は古い思い出について無駄に話していました。

C2 adjective /ˈmiːliˌmaʊðd/

mealymouthed

言い逃れをする

Meaning

not willing to speak directly and honestly; evasive in speech

Example

The politician gave a mealymouthed response to the tough question.

その政治家は難しい質問に対して言い逃れをした。

C1 adjective məˈθɒd.ɪ.kəl

methodical

方法的な

Meaning

Done according to a systematic or established procedure; orderly and systematic.

Example

His methodical research produced reliable results.

彼の方法的な研究は信頼できる結果を生み出した。

C1 noun /ˈmjʊr.əl/

Mural

壁画

Meaning

a painting or artwork applied directly on a wall or ceiling

Example

The artist painted a beautiful mural on the school wall.

アーティストは学校の壁に美しいミューラルを描きました。

C1 adjective ˌmæk.roʊ.iː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk

macroeconomic

マクロ経済的

Meaning

Relating to the large-scale or general economic factors, such as interest rates and national productivity.

Example

Government policies impact macroeconomic stability.

政府の政策はマクロ経済的安定に影響を与える。

B2 verb /ˈmɒdənaɪz/

modernize

近代化する

Meaning

To adapt something to modern needs or styles; to update or improve.

Example

The company plans to modernize its IT infrastructure.

その会社はITインフラを近代化する計画です。

B2 noun /ˌmɪsbɪˈheɪvjər/

misbehavior

不正行為

Meaning

bad or improper behavior

Example

The teacher punished the student for his misbehavior.

教師は彼の不正行為で生徒を罰しました。

B2 noun /ˈmæm.əl/

mammal

哺乳類

Meaning

A warm-blooded animal with hair or fur, and females produce milk for their young.

Example

The whale is the largest mammal on Earth.

クジラは地球上で最も大きな哺乳類です。

C1 adjective /ˌmɒnəˈlɪθɪk/

monolithic

モノリシック

Meaning

Massive, uniform, and indivisible; resembling a large single stone or structure.

Example

The company maintained a monolithic structure resistant to change.

その会社は変化に強いモノリシックな構造を維持しました。