C1 noun /ˌmænɪˈfɛstoʊ/

manifesto

マニフェスト

Meaning

a public declaration of policy and aims, especially by a political party

Example

The party released its manifesto before the election.

党は選挙前にマニフェストを発表した。

C1 noun /ˌsæl.ɪ.naɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

salinization

塩分増加

Meaning

The process of increasing salt content in soil.

Example

Excessive irrigation can cause salinization of farmland.

過剰な灌漑は農地の塩分増加を引き起こす可能性があります。

C1 verb /ˈɛnərˌdʒaɪz/

energize

活性化する

Meaning

To give energy or vitality to something or someone.

Example

The motivational speech helped energize the team.

モチベーションスピーチはチームを活性化するのに役立ちました。

C1 adjective /dæft/

daft

ばか

Meaning

Silly or foolish.

Example

It was a daft idea to go hiking without water.

水なしでハイキングに行くのはばかげた考えでした。

B2 noun /ˈkæʒ.u.əl.ti/

Casualty

犠牲者; 負傷者; 損失

Meaning

a person killed or injured in a war or accident; a victim of circumstances

Example

The hospital treated many casualties from the car accident.

病院は車の事故からの多くの負傷者を治療しました。

A2 noun /ˈkʌp.bɔːrd/

Cupboard

食器棚

Meaning

a piece of furniture with doors and shelves for storing dishes, food, or clothes

Example

She stored all the plates and bowls in the kitchen cupboard.

彼女はすべての皿とボウルをキッチンのカップボードにしまいました。

C2 noun /ˈfɪɡmənt/

figment

虚構, 想像

Meaning

something invented or imaginary; a fabrication of the mind

Example

The story of the haunted house is just a figment of her imagination.

幽霊屋敷の話は、彼女の想像の産物に過ぎない。

C1 noun ˈkɒnfluəns

confluence

合流

Meaning

An act or process of merging.

Example

The confluence of ideas from different cultures created a rich discussion.

異なる文化からのアイデアの合流は、豊かな議論を生み出しました。

B2 noun /ˌɪntərˈfɪərəns/

interference

干渉

Meaning

the action of interfering with something

Example

The radio signal was disrupted due to interference from nearby electronics.

近くの電子機器からの干渉で、ラジオ信号が途絶えました。

B1 noun /ˈpɜː.sən.əl ˈdeɪ.tə/

personal data

個人データ

Meaning

Information that relates to an individual's private, sensitive, or identifiable data

Example

Protecting personal data is crucial in the digital age.

デジタル時代において個人データを保護することは重要です。

C2 adjective, noun /bɪˈtroʊðd/

betrothed

婚約者

Meaning

Engaged to be married; a person who is engaged.

Example

She introduced him as her betrothed.

彼女は彼を婚約者として紹介しました。

C1 noun /ˈhɔːr.nət/

Hornet

スズメバチ

Meaning

a large wasp that can sting and is often aggressive

Example

The hornet built its nest under the roof.

スズメバチは屋根の下に巣を作った。

B2 noun /ɔːˈtɒn.ə.məs ˈviː.ɪ.kəlz/

autonomous vehicles

自動運転車

Meaning

Vehicles that can operate and move without human intervention or control.

Example

Autonomous vehicles are revolutionizing the future of transport.

自動運転車は交通の未来を革新しています。

B2 noun /meɪz/

Maize

トウモロコシ

Meaning

a tall cereal plant bearing large grains on a cob; corn

Example

Farmers in the region grow maize as their primary crop for both food and animal feed.

この地域の農家は、食料と動物の餌の両方としてトウモロコシを主要な作物として育てています。

C2 verb /ˈfɒn.dəl/

fondle

撫でる

Meaning

To stroke or caress lovingly or gently.

Example

She fondled the kitten gently in her lap.

彼女は膝の上で子猫を優しく撫でていました。

C1 noun /ˈrɛpərˌtɔːri/

repertory

レパートリー

Meaning

A collection of works that a company, performer, or institution regularly performs; also a storehouse of information or skills.

Example

The theater has a repertory of classic plays.

劇場にはクラシックな演劇のレパートリーがあります。

B2 noun, verb /ˈblɒsəm/

blossom

花が咲く

Meaning

a flower or mass of flowers on a tree or plant; to develop or flourish

Example

The small garden began to blossom in spring.

小さな庭は春に花が咲き始めた。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɪpɪd/

insipid

味気ない

Meaning

lacking flavor, interest, or excitement; dull

Example

The soup was insipid and needed more seasoning.

スープは味気なく、もっと調味料が必要でした。

B2 adjective /hɑːrʃ/

Harsh

厳しい; 荒い; 残酷な; 厳格な

Meaning

unpleasantly hard or rough in texture; cruel or severe

Example

The teacher gave harsh criticism about my work.

先生は私の仕事に厳しい批評をしました。

C1 adjective /ˈbær.ən/

Barren

不毛の; 荒涼とした; 生産性がない; 不生産的

Meaning

sterile; unable to produce; desolate; unproductive

Example

The barren desert stretched for miles without any vegetation.

荒れ果てた砂漠は何マイルも広がり、植物は一切なかった。

A2 noun /kɪŋ/

King

王

Meaning

the male ruler of an independent state, especially one who inherits the position by right of birth

Example

The king ruled the country with wisdom and fairness.

王は知恵と公正で国を治めました。

C2 noun /ˈsʌfərəns/

sufferance

寛容

Meaning

patient endurance of pain, hardship, or delay; passive consent or tolerance

Example

He lived in poverty with quiet sufferance.

彼は貧困の中で静かに寛容をもって生きていた。

C1 adjective /ˈtɔːrtʃərəs/

torturous

痛ましい

Meaning

Extremely painful or causing great suffering; relating to or involving torture.

Example

The journey through the desert was long and torturous.

砂漠を横断する旅は長くて痛ましいものでした。

C1 adjective /ˌeɪˈmɔːrəl/

amoral

アモラル

Meaning

Lacking a moral sense; unconcerned with rightness or wrongness of something.

Example

The character in the novel was portrayed as completely amoral.

小説の登場人物は完全にアモラルとして描かれた。

C2 noun /ˈrɛkjʊzənt/

recusant

反抗者

Meaning

a person who refuses to submit to authority or comply with rules

Example

The recusant opposed the new law.

反抗者は新しい法律に反対しました。

B2 noun /ˈæɡ.ə.ni/

Agony

極度の肉体的または精神的苦痛; 激しい痛み

Meaning

extreme physical or mental suffering; intense pain

Example

He was in agony after the accident.

事故後、彼は激しい痛みに苦しんでいた。

A1 verb /meɪk/

make

作る

Meaning

to create, produce, or construct something

Example

I make coffee every morning.

私は毎朝コーヒーを作ります。

C1 noun /kəˈluːʒən/

collusion

共謀

Meaning

A secret agreement or cooperation, especially for an illegal or dishonest purpose.

Example

There was evidence of collusion between the officials and the contractors.

役人と契約者の間で共謀の証拠がありました。

C2 verb /kəˈlʌmnieɪt/

calumniate

中傷する

Meaning

To make false and damaging statements about someone; to slander.

Example

He was furious when he realized they had calumniated his reputation.

彼は、彼らが彼の評判を中傷したことに気づいたとき、怒っていました。

C1 adjective /ˈnæk.ərd/

Knackered

非常に疲れた; くたびれた

Meaning

extremely tired; exhausted

Example

I'm absolutely knackered after working all day.

私は一日中働いた後、完全に疲れ果てました。

C2 noun /ˈmʌɡwʌmp/

mugwump

政党に属さない人

Meaning

a person who remains independent from party politics or remains aloof from disputes

Example

He was called a mugwump for refusing to join either political side.

彼は政治的な立場に参加しないことを拒否したため、マグワンプと呼ばれました。

B2 noun ˈneɪʧər ɪnˈθjuːziæsts

Nature Enthusiasts

自然愛好家

Meaning

People who have a passionate interest in and love for the natural world and outdoor activities.

Example

Nature enthusiasts often visit Sajek Valley for its scenic beauty.

自然愛好家は、その美しい景色のためにサジェックバレーを訪れることがよくあります。

B2 adjective ɪkˈsep.ʃən.əl

exceptional

卓越した

Meaning

Unusually good; outstanding; forming an exception; not typical.

Example

Exceptional talent drives innovation.

卓越した才能が革新を促進する。

C2 noun /ˌpɜːrtərˈbeɪʃn/

perturbation

混乱

Meaning

A state of anxiety, disturbance, or disorder.

Example

The announcement caused a perturbation in the financial markets.

発表は金融市場に混乱を引き起こしました。

C1 noun /əˈpɒsəl/

apostle

使徒, 擁護者

Meaning

A vigorous and pioneering advocate or supporter of a particular cause, often used for the early Christian disciples.

Example

He became an apostle of environmental protection.

彼は環境保護の使徒となった。

C1 noun /fæd/

fad

一時的な流行、トレンド

Meaning

a temporary fashion or trend; a short-lived craze

Example

The new diet became a popular fad among teenagers.

新しいダイエットはティーンエイジャーの間で人気の一時的なトレンドとなった。

C1 noun /ˈmɒn.ə.stər.i/

Monastery

修道院; アシュラム

Meaning

a building or group of buildings where monks live and worship

Example

The ancient monastery was built on a hilltop.

古代の修道院は丘の頂上に建てられました。

B2 noun /rɪˈfreʃ.mənt/

Refreshment

軽食

Meaning

food and drink that is served as a light meal; something that refreshes

Example

We served light refreshments after the meeting.

会議の後、軽食を提供しました。

C1 noun /əˈstrɑː.lə.dʒər/

Astrologer

占星術師

Meaning

a person who studies astrology and makes predictions based on the positions of stars and planets

Example

The astrologer predicted good fortune in her future.

その占星術師は、彼女の未来に良い運命があると予測しました。

A2 adverb /ˈnɪərli/

Nearly

ほとんど; ほぼ;

Meaning

almost; not quite; very close to

Example

I nearly missed the bus this morning.

今朝、バスをほとんど逃しそうになった。

B2 noun /ˈwʊd.pek.ər/

Woodpecker

キツツキ

Meaning

a bird that pecks at tree bark to find insects and create nesting holes

Example

The woodpecker hammered against the oak tree.

キツツキはオークの木を叩いた。

B2 noun, verb /laʊndʒ/

lounge

ラウンジ

Meaning

A public room for relaxing; or to sit, lie, or stand in a relaxed way.

Example

They lounged on the sofa after dinner.

彼らは夕食後にソファでくつろいでいた。

C2 adjective /ˌsɛm.iˈkɒn.ʃəs/

semiconscious

半意識

Meaning

Only partly conscious; not fully aware of surroundings.

Example

He was semiconscious after the accident and could barely respond.

彼は事故後セミコンシャスで、ほとんど反応できなかった。

B1 noun /preɪz/

Praise

賞賛

Meaning

words that show approval or admiration; to express approval or admiration

Example

The teacher gave praise to the students for their hard work.

教師は学生たちの努力を賞賛しました。

A2 adverb /ˈtoʊtəli/

Totally

完全に

Meaning

completely; entirely; absolutely

Example

I totally agree with your opinion.

私はあなたの意見に完全に同意します。

B2 noun /ˈsɪmpəθi/

Sympathy

同情

Meaning

feelings of pity and sorrow for someone else's misfortune

Example

She expressed her sympathy for the victims of the accident.

彼女は事故の被害者に対して同情を表明した。

C1 noun ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm

heroism

英雄主義

Meaning

Great bravery; the qualities or attributes of a hero.

Example

The heroism of freedom fighters inspires the nation.

自由の戦士たちの英雄主義は国を鼓舞します。

C1 adjective /ˈnæv.ɪ.ɡə.bəl/

Navigable

航行可能

Meaning

suitable for ships or boats to travel on; able to be navigated

Example

The river is navigable for small boats during the rainy season.

その川は雨季に小さなボートが通行可能です。

C1 noun /ˈviːəməns/

Vehemence

激しい感情; 表現の強さ

Meaning

great forcefulness or intensity of feeling or expression; passionate conviction

Example

He argued with such vehemence that everyone was surprised.

彼はその強い熱意で議論し、皆が驚きました。

C1 verb /ˈrʌf.l̩/

ruffle

Meaning

to disturb the smoothness of something; to annoy or upset someone

Example

The wind ruffled her hair.

A1 pronoun /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

nothing

何もない

Meaning

not anything; no thing

Example

She has nothing to worry about.

彼女は心配することは何もない。

C1 verb /rɪˈbʌt/

rebut

反論する

Meaning

to argue against or prove wrong; to refute

Example

The lawyer rebutted the false accusations with strong evidence.

弁護士は強力な証拠で虚偽の告発を反論しました。

C2 adjective /ˈsɜː.kəm.spekt/

circumspect

慎重, 用心深い, 予見的

Meaning

Wary and unwilling to take risks; careful to consider all circumstances and possible consequences.

Example

Investors must be circumspect before making decisions.

投資家は意思決定を下す前に慎重でなければなりません。

C1 verb /sərˈmaɪz/

surmise

推測する

Meaning

to suppose something is true without having evidence

Example

She surmised that he was not coming to the meeting.

彼女は彼が会議に来ないだろうと推測した。

A2 adjective /ɪmˈbærəst/

embarrassed

恥ずかしい

Meaning

feeling awkward, ashamed, or self-conscious about something

Example

He felt embarrassed when he forgot her name.

彼は彼女の名前を忘れたとき、恥ずかしいと感じた。

B1 adverb /ˈrel.ə.tɪv.li/

Relatively

相対的に

Meaning

in comparison to something else; quite; fairly

Example

The weather is relatively warm today.

今日の天気は相対的に暖かい。

B1 adjective /ˈriː.zən.ə.bəl/

Reasonable

合理的; 公正で実用的; 高すぎない; 論理的

Meaning

fair and sensible; not too expensive; logical and practical

Example

The hotel offers reasonable prices for quality accommodation.

そのホテルは品質の高い宿泊施設に対して合理的な価格を提供しています。

C1 adjective ˈpɪv.ə.təl

pivotal

重要な

Meaning

Of crucial importance in relation to the development or success of something else.

Example

Renewable energy plays a pivotal role in sustainability.

再生可能エネルギーは持続可能性において重要な役割を果たしています。

A1 verb /biː/

be

である

Meaning

To exist, to occur, or to have a particular quality.

Example

She wants to be a doctor.

彼女は医者になりたい。

C2 noun /ˈpæk.ɪ.dɜːrm/

pachyderm

厚い皮膚を持つ大型哺乳動物

Meaning

a large mammal with thick skin, such as an elephant, rhinoceros, or hippopotamus

Example

The zoo had several pachyderms, including elephants and rhinos.

動物園にはいくつかのパキダームがいて、象やサイが含まれていました。

C2 verb /pɔːrˈtɛnd/

portend

前兆

Meaning

To be a sign or warning that something, especially something bad, is going to happen.

Example

Dark clouds portend a storm.

暗い雲は嵐を予兆します。

C1 verb /ˈpɜːrsɪkjuːt/

persecute

幸福

Meaning

to treat someone cruelly or unfairly, especially because of their religion, race, or beliefs

Example

Many people were persecuted for their faith during that time.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸福を隠せなかった。

B2 noun /ˈkwɔːtərˌbæk/

quarterback

クォーターバック

Meaning

the player who directs a team’s offense in American football

Example

The quarterback threw a perfect pass.

クォーターバックは完璧なパスを投げました。

C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrvɪsəbl/

serviceable

使用可能

Meaning

fit for use; usable; in working order

Example

The old bicycle is still serviceable despite its age.

その古い自転車は年齢に関係なく、まだ使用可能です。

C2 noun /ˈvɪtəlz/

victuals

食料

Meaning

Food or provisions, especially for human consumption.

Example

The travelers packed enough victuals for their long journey.

旅行者たちは長い旅のために十分な食料を詰め込みました。

B2 verb /ˌriː.kənˈstrʌkt/

reconstruct

再建する

Meaning

to build or form something again after it has been damaged or destroyed

Example

The city was reconstructed after the earthquake.

その都市は地震後に再建されました。

B2 noun /ˈhæz.ərd/

Hazard

危険; リスク

Meaning

a danger or risk; something that poses a threat to safety

Example

Smoking is a serious health hazard that can lead to lung cancer and heart disease.

喫煙は深刻な健康リスクであり、肺癌や心臓病を引き起こす可能性があります。

C1 noun /ˈpiː.kɒk ˈflaʊ.ər/

Peacock flower

クジャクの花

Meaning

a tropical tree with bright orange and red flowers that resemble a peacock's tail

Example

The peacock flower tree blooms with stunning orange flowers in summer.

クジャクの花の木は夏に素晴らしいオレンジ色の花を咲かせます。

C1 noun /ˈkæzəm/

chasm

裂け目 / 大きな違い

Meaning

a deep fissure in the earth's surface or a wide difference between people or ideas

Example

There was a great chasm between the two political parties.

二つの政治的党派の間には大きな裂け目がありました。

B2 adjective /ˌʌnrɪˈzɒlvd/

unresolved

未解決の

Meaning

not solved or settled; remaining undecided or unclear

Example

The dispute remains unresolved despite several meetings.

その問題は何度も会議をしたにもかかわらず未解決のままだ。

B1 noun /ˌkwɒl.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

Qualification

資格; 能力

Meaning

official record showing that someone has finished a training course or has necessary skills; condition or requirement

Example

She has the right qualifications for this engineering job.

彼女はこのエンジニアの仕事に必要な資格を持っています。

C1 noun /səˈnɑːtə/

sonata

音楽作品 (ソナタ)

Meaning

A musical composition for one or more instruments, typically in several movements.

Example

She performed a beautiful Beethoven sonata on the piano.

彼女はピアノで美しいベートーヴェンのソナタを演奏しました。

C2 adjective /ɡælˈvænɪk/

galvanic

ギャルバニック / 強烈

Meaning

Relating to electricity produced by chemical action; sudden and dramatic.

Example

The news had a galvanic effect on the audience.

ニュースは観客にギャルバニックな影響を与えた。

B2 noun /əˈfɛns/

offense

犯罪

Meaning

an illegal act; a crime

Example

The offense was committed in broad daylight.

その罪は昼間に犯されました。

C2 verb /ˈpɛkjʊˌleɪt/

peculate

横領する

Meaning

To embezzle or steal money, especially public funds.

Example

The corrupt official was found guilty of peculating government funds.

汚職の役人は政府の資金を横領したとして有罪となった。

C2 noun /ˌɡaɪnəˈkɒkrəsi/

gynecocracy

女性支配

Meaning

a society or government ruled by women

Example

The ancient tribe was known for its gynecocracy, where women held all positions of power.

その古代の部族は、女性がすべての権力を握るギネコクラシーで知られていました。

B1 adjective /əˈrɪdʒ.ɪ.nəl/

Original

元の; 基本的な; 本物の

Meaning

first; fundamental; primary; authentic

Example

This is the original document, not a copy.

これはオリジナルの文書で、コピーではありません。

C2 noun /ˈkæbəˌlɪzəm/

cabalism

カバリズム

Meaning

The doctrines, practices, or secretive dealings of a cabal.

Example

The historian wrote extensively about cabalism in the royal court.

歴史家は王室の宮廷でカバリズムについて広範囲に書きました。

B1 noun /bɔɪl/

Boil

膿瘍; フロンケル

Meaning

a painful, pus-filled bump under the skin caused by infected hair follicles

Example

The painful boil on his neck required medical treatment.

彼の首にできた痛みを伴う膿瘍には医療処置が必要だった。

B1 noun /bɪˈheɪvjər/

behavior

行動

Meaning

The way in which one acts or conducts oneself, especially toward others.

Example

The teacher praised her good behavior in class.

先生はクラスで彼女の良い行動を称賛しました。

A2 noun /juːθ/

Youth

青春; 若者

Meaning

the period between childhood and adult age; young people collectively; the state of being young

Example

He spent his youth traveling around the world.

彼は若い頃、世界を旅して過ごしました。

B2 noun /tɔːrˈneɪdoʊ/

tornado

竜巻

Meaning

a rapidly rotating column of air in contact with the ground and clouds, often destructive

Example

The tornado destroyed several houses in the village.

竜巻は村のいくつかの家を破壊した

C2 verb /kənˈdʒɔɪn/

conjoin

結合する

Meaning

to join together or unite; to combine

Example

The two rivers conjoin just before reaching the sea.

2つの川は海に到達する直前に合流します。

C2 noun ˌfjuːmɪˈɡeɪʃən

fumigation

燻蒸

Meaning

The practice of disinfecting or purifying an area using gas or smoke.

Example

Fumigation is an effective method to control pest infestations.

消毒は害虫の侵入を制御するための効果的な方法です。

C2 noun /prɒɡˌnɒstɪˈkeɪʃən/

prognostication

予言

Meaning

The act of foretelling or predicting future events.

Example

The astrologer's prognostication fascinated the audience.

占星術師の予言は聴衆を魅了した。

A2 adjective /wiːk/

Weak

弱い; 脆弱

Meaning

lacking physical strength; not strong; fragile

Example

After the illness, he felt weak and tired.

病気の後、彼は弱くて疲れていると感じました。

B2 noun /tʃɔːr/

chore

家事

Meaning

A routine task, especially a household duty.

Example

Washing the dishes is my least favorite chore.

食器を洗うのは私の一番嫌いな家事です。

C2 adjective /ˈʃɪft.ləs/

shiftless

怠け者

Meaning

Lacking ambition or the ability to accomplish anything; lazy and unmotivated.

Example

He was seen as a shiftless young man with no goals.

彼は目標のない怠け者の若者として見られていた。

C1 noun /ˈtjuːmʌlt/

tumult

騒動

Meaning

A loud, confused noise, especially caused by a crowd; commotion or disorder.

Example

The protest created a tumult in the city square.

抗議活動は市の広場で騒動を引き起こしました。

C2 noun /əˈluː.vi.əm/

alluvium

沖積土

Meaning

Fertile soil deposited by flowing water, especially in riverbanks.

Example

The alluvium in riverbanks is highly fertile for agriculture.

川の岸辺にあるアリューヴィウムは農業に非常に肥沃です。

C2 verb /ˈsɪn.tɪ.leɪt/

scintillate

輝く

Meaning

to sparkle or shine brightly; to emit flashes of light

Example

The diamond ring scintillated under the bright lights.

ダイヤモンドの指輪は明るい光の下で輝いていました。

B1 noun ˈplæt.fɔːrmz

platforms

プラットフォーム、ソフトウェアまたはハードウェア環境

Meaning

Computing environments where software applications can be developed and run.

Example

Different platforms offer diverse digital solutions.

さまざまなプラットフォームが多様なデジタルソリューションを提供しています。

C1 noun /ˌkɒn.stəˈleɪ.ʃən/

constellation

星座

Meaning

a group of stars forming a recognizable pattern in the night sky

Example

Orion is one of the most famous constellations.

オリオン座は最も有名な星座の一つです。

C1 adjective /prəˈlɪf.ɪk/

prolific

多作な

Meaning

Present in large numbers or quantities; plentiful; producing many works, results, or offspring.

Example

The author is prolific, having written over 30 books.

その著者は非常に多作で、30冊以上の本を執筆しています。

C1 adjective /məˈlɪɡnənt/

malignant

悪性

Meaning

dangerous or harmful in influence or effect; medically, tending to invade and destroy tissue

Example

Doctors confirmed that the tumor was malignant.

医師はその腫瘍が悪性であることを確認しました。

C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtənt/

inadvertent

意図しない, 不注意な

Meaning

Not resulting from or achieved through deliberate planning; unintentional.

Example

Her inadvertent mistake caused a delay in the project.

彼女の不注意なミスがプロジェクトの遅延を引き起こしました。

A2 noun ˈliːdər

leader

リーダー

Meaning

A person who leads or commands a group, organization, or country.

Example

The leader inspired people.

リーダーは人々を鼓舞しました。

A2 noun /daʊt/

Doubt

疑い; 不信; 疑念

Meaning

a feeling of uncertainty or lack of conviction; distrust or suspicion

Example

There was no doubt in her mind that she had made the right decision.

彼女は自分が正しい決断を下したことに疑いを持っていなかった。

A2 abbreviation /iː ˈdʒiː/

e.g.

例えば

Meaning

For example (from Latin 'exempli gratia').

Example

You should eat more fruits, e.g., apples and bananas.

もっと果物を食べるべきです。例えば、リンゴやバナナです。

C2 verb /ˌʌndərˈɡɜːrd/

undergird

支える、強化する

Meaning

to provide support or foundation for; to strengthen

Example

Strong values undergird a healthy society.

強い価値観は健康な社会を支えています。

B2 verb /pərˈsɪst/

persist

Meaning

to continue firmly in an action or opinion despite difficulty or opposition

Example

She decided to persist in her efforts to learn French.

B1 adjective /əˈkeɪ.ʒən.əl/

Occasional

偶然の

Meaning

occurring infrequently or irregularly; happening from time to time

Example

She enjoys occasional walks in the park.

彼女は公園で偶然の散歩を楽しんでいます。

C1 adjective /fəˈroʊ.ʃəs/

Ferocious

凶暴な, 激しい, 残忍な

Meaning

savagely fierce, cruel, or violent; extremely aggressive

Example

The ferocious storm destroyed many houses in the coastal area.

激しい嵐は沿岸地域の多くの家を破壊しました。

C1 verb /ˈskʌr.i/

scurry

速く走る

Meaning

To move quickly with short, hurried steps.

Example

The mice scurried across the kitchen floor when the lights turned on.

ライトがついたとき、ネズミたちはキッチンの床を速く走った。

B1 noun /sɔɪl/

soil

土壌

Meaning

The upper layer of earth in which plants grow.

Example

The soil in this area is reddish.

この地域の土壌は赤みがかっています。

C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛvərənt/

irreverent

不敬な

Meaning

showing a lack of respect for people or things that are usually respected

Example

The comedian’s irreverent jokes offended some of the audience.

コメディアンの不敬なジョークは、観客の一部を不快にさせた。

B1 verb /dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ/

developing

開発

Meaning

the process of growing, improving, or becoming more advanced

Example

She is developing new skills in programming.

彼女はプログラミングで新しいスキルを開発しています。

C1 noun ˌɔːɡ.menˈteɪ.ʃən

augmentation

増加または拡張

Meaning

Increasing quantity, power or performance.

Example

The company invested in the augmentation of its workforce.

その会社は労働力の増強に投資しました。

B2 noun prəˈɡreʃ.ən

progression

進展

Meaning

The process of developing or moving gradually towards a more advanced state.

Example

Progression in technology drives innovation.

技術の進展はイノベーションを促進する。

C2 adverb /ˈdʒɪndʒərli/

gingerly

慎重に

Meaning

in a very careful or cautious manner

Example

She walked gingerly on the icy path.

彼女は氷の道を慎重に歩いた。

B2 verb /rɪˈkleɪm/

reclaim

Meaning

To take back or recover something; to restore to a usable state.

Example

The farmer worked to reclaim the barren land.

B2 noun /speɪd/

Spade

シャベル

Meaning

a tool with a flat blade for digging; a playing card suit

Example

The gardener used a spade to dig holes for planting flowers.

庭師は花を植えるために穴を掘るためにシャベルを使いました。

C2 verb /ˌsuːpərˈæn.ju.eɪt/

superannuate

年金付き退職

Meaning

to retire someone with a pension, usually due to age or long service

Example

The company decided to superannuate its senior employees after thirty years of service.

その会社は三十年の勤務後、上級社員を年金付き退職することに決めました。

C1 noun /vɪˈvæsɪti/

vivacity

活力

Meaning

The quality of being lively, animated, and full of energy.

Example

The child’s vivacity brightened the entire room.

子供の活力は部屋全体を明るくしました。

C1 adverb /ˈæmpli/

amply

十分に

Meaning

more than sufficiently; generously

Example

She was amply rewarded for her hard work.

彼女は努力の結果、十分に報われました。

C1 adjective liːst prɪˈpeərd

least prepared

最も準備ができていない

Meaning

Having the minimum level of readiness or equipment to handle a situation.

Example

Bangladesh is among the least prepared for climate adaptation.

バングラデシュは気候変動適応のために最も準備ができていない国の一つです。

B2 adjective /ˈtræŋkwɪl/

tranquil

静かな

Meaning

Free from disturbance; calm and peaceful.

Example

A tranquil environment promotes relaxation and focus.

静かな環境はリラックスと集中を促進します。

B2 noun, verb /stɛm/

stem

茎 / 食い止める

Meaning

Noun: The main stalk of a plant. Verb: To stop or restrict the flow or development of something.

Example

The gardener cut the stem of the rose; New policies aim to stem the flow of pollution.

庭師はバラの茎を切りました; 新しい政策は汚染の流れを食い止めることを目指しています。

C2 noun /juːˌtɪlɪˈtɛəriənɪzəm/

utilitarianism

功利主義

Meaning

The ethical theory that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of the majority.

Example

Utilitarianism suggests that we should act to maximize overall happiness.

功利主義は、私たちが全体的な幸福を最大化するために行動すべきだと示唆しています。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈdetɪd/

Indebted

借金がある; 感謝している

Meaning

owing money or gratitude to someone; obligated; grateful

Example

I am deeply indebted to my teacher for all her guidance.

私は先生のすべての指導に深く感謝しています。

A2 noun /əˈbɪləti/

Ability

能力; スキル

Meaning

the power or skill to do something; capacity

Example

She has the ability to solve complex problems.

彼女は複雑な問題を解決する能力を持っています。