Mad
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A2 adjective /mæd/

Mad

怒っている; 精神的に病んでいる; 狂っている
Meaning
angry; mentally ill; insane
Example
He was mad at his friend for being late.
彼は友達が遅れたことで怒っていた。
A1 noun /suːp/

Soup

スープ
Meaning
a liquid food made by boiling meat, vegetables, or other ingredients in water
Example
I had a bowl of chicken soup for lunch.
私は昼食にチキンスープを一杯食べました。
C2 noun /ˈkæn.toʊ/

canto

カント
Meaning
A main division of a long poem, especially in epic poetry.
Example
The Divine Comedy is divided into several cantos.
神曲は複数のカントに分かれています。
C1 noun /helm/

Helm

舵
Meaning
a tiller or wheel for steering a ship or boat; a position of leadership or control
Example
The experienced captain took the helm and expertly navigated the ship through the storm.
経験豊富な船長は舵を取って、嵐の中で巧みに船を操縦しました。
B2 noun /ˌtɜːrməˈnɑːlədʒi/

terminology

用語
Meaning
the set of technical or special words used in a particular subject
Example
Medical terminology can be difficult for new students to understand.
医学用語は新しい学生にとって理解が難しいことがあります。
B1 noun ˈθer.ə.pi

therapy

セラピー
Meaning
Treatment intended to relieve or heal a disorder; the treatment of a mental or physical disorder.
Example
Gene therapy offers hope for genetic disorders.
遺伝子治療は遺伝性疾患に希望を与えます。
B2 verb /ˈkæt.ɪ.ɡə.raɪzd/

categorized

分類された
Meaning
Placed in a particular class or group.
Example
The city was categorized as highly polluted.
その都市は高度に汚染されていると分類されました。
B2 verb /dɪˈzɒlv/

dissolve

Meaning
to melt or become liquid; to officially end or break up an agreement or organization
Example
The sugar will dissolve quickly in hot tea.
C2 verb /ˈɡræn.jʊ.leɪt/

granulate

顆粒化する
Meaning
To form or cause to form into grains or small particles.
Example
The sugar began to granulate as it cooled.
砂糖は冷えるとグラニュレートし始めました。
B1 noun /sleɪv/

slave

奴隷
Meaning
a person who is the legal property of another and is forced to work for them
Example
The abolitionist movement fought for the rights of slaves.
廃奴隷運動は奴隷の権利のために戦いました。
B1 noun /ˈɡroʊ.sər/

Grocer

食料品店
Meaning
a person who sells food and household goods in a shop
Example
The grocer has fresh vegetables and fruits in his store.
食料品店には新鮮な果物や野菜があります。
B2 noun /ˈmæstəri/

Mastery

熟練; 精通;
Meaning
Great skill or expertise in a subject or activity
Example
His mastery of the violin impressed audiences around the world.
彼のヴァイオリンの腕前は世界中の観客を感動させました。
C1 verb /rɪˈsɜːrdʒ/

resurge

再興
Meaning
To rise, increase, or become active again after a decline.
Example
Interest in traditional crafts has begun to resurge.
伝統工芸に対する関心が再び高まり始めています。
B2 adjective /ʌnˈberəbəl/

Unbearable

耐えられない
Meaning
too painful, annoying, or unpleasant to tolerate; impossible to endure
Example
The heat in the desert was unbearable.
砂漠の暑さは耐えられなかった。
C2 adjective /dɪˈlɛktəbl̩/

delectable

美味しい
Meaning
delicious or highly enjoyable
Example
The restaurant served a delectable meal.
レストランは美味しい料理を提供しました。
C1 noun /ˌænəsˈθetɪk/

anesthetic

麻酔薬
Meaning
A substance that causes loss of sensation or consciousness, especially used during surgery.
Example
The doctor administered a local anesthetic before stitching the wound.
医者は傷を縫う前に局所麻酔を施しました。
B2 noun /ˈɪə.rə/

Era

時代
Meaning
a long and distinct period of history with a particular feature or characteristic
Example
The Renaissance was an era of great artistic and cultural achievement.
ルネサンスは大きな芸術的および文化的業績の時代でした。
B2 noun /ˈkeɪ.ɒs/

Chaos

カオス; 混乱; 無秩序
Meaning
complete disorder and confusion; a state of total confusion with no order
Example
The earthquake caused chaos in the city as buildings collapsed and people panicked.
地震は都市でカオスを引き起こし、建物が崩れ、人々がパニックに陥った。
C2 noun /ˈhɛʃ.ən/

Hessian

ジュート布
Meaning
a strong coarse fabric made from jute or hemp, used for sacks and wrapping
Example
The farmer stored grain in hessian sacks.
農家はジュート布袋に穀物を保管していました。
B2 noun /ˈɒt.ər/

Otter

カワウソ
Meaning
a mammal with webbed feet that lives near water and feeds on fish
Example
The playful otter swam gracefully in the river.
遊び好きなカワウソは川で優雅に泳いでいました。
C2 adjective /ɑːrˈbɔːr.i.əl/

arboreal

樹木に関する
Meaning
Relating to trees or living in trees; tree-dwelling.
Example
Monkeys are arboreal animals that spend most of their time in trees.
サルは樹上性の動物で、ほとんどの時間を木の上で過ごします。
A2 verb /ɪnˈkri:s/

increase

増加
Meaning
to become or make something larger in amount, number, or degree
Example
The company plans to increase its production this year.
その会社は今年、生産を増加させる予定です。
C2 verb /dɪˈbɪlɪteɪt/

debilitate

弱める
Meaning
to weaken or make someone or something infirm
Example
The long illness debilitated his strength.
長い病気が彼の力を弱めた。
C1 noun /ˈwɔː.tər ˈspɪn.ɪtʃ/

Water Spinach

水菠菜
Meaning
A semi-aquatic leafy vegetable with hollow stems, popular in Asian cuisine
Example
Water spinach grows well in wet soil.
水菠菜は湿った土壌でよく育ちます。
B2 adjective /ˈθɔːr.ni/

Thorny

とげのある; 扱いにくい
Meaning
having thorns; difficult to handle or deal with
Example
The thorny issue of budget cuts needs careful consideration.
予算削減の難しい問題には慎重な検討が必要です。
C1 adjective /ˈspel.baʊnd/

Spellbound

夢中; 魅了された
Meaning
completely fascinated and unable to move or think about anything else; enchanted
Example
The children sat spellbound as the magician performed his tricks.
子供たちは魔法使いが技を披露するのを夢中で見ていました。
C2 noun /ˌdaɪ.jʊˈret.ɪk/

diuretic

利尿剤
Meaning
A substance that promotes the production of urine.
Example
Coffee has a mild diuretic effect.
コーヒーは軽い利尿作用があります。
B2 adjective /senˈseɪʃənəl/

Sensational

センセーショナル; 印象的; 驚異的
Meaning
causing great excitement or shock; extremely impressive
Example
The sensational performance left the audience speechless.
そのセンセーショナルなパフォーマンスは観客を言葉を失わせました。
C1 verb /ˈkæp.saɪz/

capsize

転覆する
Meaning
to overturn in the water
Example
The small fishing boat capsized during the storm.
小さな漁船が嵐の中で転覆した。
A2 verb /səˈpəʊz/

suppose

仮定する
Meaning
to assume or believe something is true without proof
Example
I suppose she will be here soon.
私は彼女がすぐにここに来ると思います。
B1 noun /ˈtʃiːtər/

cheater

不正者
Meaning
a person who cheats or acts dishonestly to gain an advantage
Example
He was caught and labeled as a cheater during the exam.
彼は試験で不正者と呼ばれた。
A1 adjective /ˈhʌŋɡri/

Hungry

お腹がすいている
Meaning
feeling the need for food; having a strong desire or craving
Example
I am very hungry after working all day.
一日中働いた後でとてもお腹がすいています。
B2 noun /ˈtæd.poʊl/

Tadpole

おたまじゃくし
Meaning
the larval stage of a frog or toad, having gills and a tail
Example
The pond was full of tadpoles swimming around.
池はおたまじゃくしでいっぱいでした。
C1 verb /əˈtjuːn/

attune

順応させる
Meaning
to make someone or something aware of or responsive to something; to adjust or harmonize
Example
She quickly attuned herself to the needs of her new team.
彼女は新しいチームのニーズにすぐ順応した。
B2 noun /ˈsɜːdʒən/

surgeon

外科医
Meaning
a doctor who performs medical operations
Example
The surgeon performed a complex heart operation.
外科医は複雑な心臓手術を行いました。
B1 noun /rɪst/

Wrist

手首
Meaning
the joint connecting the hand with the forearm
Example
He wore a watch on his wrist.
彼は手首に時計をしていた。
C1 adjective /ˈskeɪ.li/

Scaly

鱗状の
Meaning
covered with scales; having a rough surface like scales
Example
The fish has scaly skin.
その魚はうろこ状の皮膚を持っています。
C1 verb /ˈdiːmɑːrˌkeɪt/

demarcate

境界を定める
Meaning
to set the boundaries or limits of something
Example
The land was demarcated with fences to avoid disputes.
土地はフェンスで境界が定められて、争いを避けました。
C1 noun /ˌbɪbliˈɒɡrəfi/

bibliography

参考文献リスト
Meaning
a list of books, articles, or other sources used or referred to in scholarly work
Example
The report includes a detailed bibliography at the end.
レポートには最後に詳細な参考文献リストが含まれています。
B2 verb /ʃrʌɡ/

shrug

肩をすくめる
Meaning
To raise and lower the shoulders to express uncertainty or indifference.
Example
He shrugged when asked about the missing file.
彼は失われたファイルについて聞かれると肩をすくめました。
B2 noun /ˈbækɪŋ/

Backing

支援
Meaning
help or support; financial or material support
Example
The project received backing from several major investors.
そのプロジェクトは、いくつかの主要な投資家から支援を受けました。
B2 verb /kəˈmɛnd/

commend

称賛する
Meaning
to praise formally or officially
Example
The teacher commended the students for their hard work.
先生は生徒たちの努力を称賛しました。
C1 verb /fɔːrˈkloʊz/

foreclose

差し押さえる
Meaning
to take possession of a property due to the owner's failure to keep up mortgage payments
Example
The bank decided to foreclose on the property after months of missed payments.
銀行は何ヶ月も支払いを欠かした後、物件の差し押さえを決定しました。
C1 adjective /ˈen.vi.əs/

Envious

嫉妬深い; ねたむ
Meaning
feeling or showing envy; jealous
Example
She felt envious of her friend's new car.
彼女は友達の新しい車に嫉妬していた。
C1 noun /ˈstaɪpend/

Stipend

奨学金
Meaning
a fixed regular sum paid as a salary or allowance
Example
The research student receives a monthly stipend for living expenses.
研究学生は生活費のために毎月奨学金を受け取ります。
B2 adverb /ˈθɪkli/

Thickly

密集して
Meaning
in a thick manner; densely; heavily
Example
The forest was thickly wooded with tall pine trees.
森は高い松の木で密集して覆われていた。
C2 noun /ˈɡændər/

Gander

オスガン
Meaning
male goose
Example
The gander protected his family from the approaching dog.
そのオスガンは、近づいてくる犬から家族を守りました。
B2 noun ˈsuː.pər.fuːdz

superfoods

スーパーフード
Meaning
Nutrient-dense foods that are particularly beneficial for health and well-being.
Example
Blueberries and spinach are superfoods rich in vitamins.
ブルーベリーとほうれん草はビタミン豊富なスーパーフードです。
C1 noun /ˈælkəmi/

alchemy

錬金術
Meaning
A medieval practice combining elements of chemistry and philosophy, aimed at transforming matter, especially turning base metals into gold.
Example
Medieval scientists devoted their lives to alchemy.
中世の科学者たちは命を錬金術に捧げました。
C1 noun /mɪˈlɛniəm/

millennium

千年紀
Meaning
a period of one thousand years; often used to mark an anniversary
Example
The year 2000 was celebrated as the beginning of a new millennium.
2000年は新しい千年紀の始まりとして祝われました。
B1 noun /ˈbɔr.dər/

Border

国境
Meaning
a line separating two political or geographical areas, especially countries
Example
They crossed the border between France and Spain by train.
彼らは電車でフランスとスペインの間の国境を越えました。
C2 noun ˈkɑː.dərz

cadres

カド
Meaning
A small group of people specially trained for a particular purpose or profession; a group of activists in a communist or other political organization.
Example
There are 26 cadres under BPSC.
BPSCの下に26人のカドがいます。
C1 adjective /ˈpeɪtrənaɪzɪŋ/

patronizing

見下す
Meaning
showing kindness that is perceived as condescending or superior
Example
His patronizing tone offended the audience.
彼の見下すような口調は観客を不快にさせた。
C2 adjective /ˈæfərənt/

afferent

求心
Meaning
carrying impulses toward a central organ or part, especially toward the brain or spinal cord
Example
Afferent nerves carry signals from the body to the brain.
求心神経は体から脳に信号を運びます。
B1 adjective /ˈrel.ə.vənt/

Relevant

関連する
Meaning
closely connected or appropriate to what is being discussed; pertinent
Example
Please provide only relevant information for this discussion.
この議論に関連する情報のみを提供してください。
B2 noun /nɒt/

Knot

結び目
Meaning
a fastening made by tying a piece of string, rope, or something similar; a hard mass in wood
Example
The sailor tied a secure knot to anchor the boat safely.
船乗りはボートを安全に停泊させるためにしっかりとしたノットを結びました。
B2 noun /kəmˈpɑːrt.mənt/

Compartment

車両
Meaning
a separate section or division of a larger space, especially in a train
Example
We found seats in the first-class compartment.
私たちはファーストクラスの車両で席を見つけました。
C2 verb /ɪkˈstɛmpəraɪz/

extemporize

即興する
Meaning
To speak or perform without preparation; improvise.
Example
The actor had to extemporize when he forgot his lines.
俳優はセリフを忘れたとき、即興で演技をしなければなりませんでした。
A1 noun /peɪdʒ/

page

ページ
Meaning
one side of a sheet of paper, or a single sheet of paper in a book or document
Example
Turn to the next page for more information.
次のページに進んで、詳細情報を取得してください。
C2 noun /ɪnˈtræn.sɪ.dʒəns/

intransigence

不屈
Meaning
Refusal to change one's views or to agree about something.
Example
The negotiations failed due to the intransigence of both parties.
両者の不屈の姿勢のために交渉は失敗した。
A2 noun, verb /ˈɪʃuː/

issue

問題, 発行, 配布
Meaning
A problem, topic, or the act of supplying or distributing something.
Example
The magazine will issue a new edition next week.
雑誌は来週新しい版を発行します。
A2 noun /ˈsoʊ.fə/

Sofa

ソファ
Meaning
a long upholstered seat for more than one person
Example
The family gathered on the sofa to watch TV.
家族はテレビを見るためにソファに集まった。
C2 verb /ɪnˈtræp/

entrap

Meaning
To catch or trick someone into a difficult situation.
Example
The police tried to entrap the criminal with false evidence.
A2 noun /skɪlz/

skills

技術
Meaning
The ability to do something well; expertise.
Example
Learning new skills can increase personal and professional growth.
新しいスキルを学ぶことで、個人的および職業的成長が促進されることがあります。
B1 adjective /ˈprɛʃəs/

precious

貴重な
Meaning
of great value; highly esteemed or cherished
Example
This ring is very precious to my grandmother.
この指輪は祖母にとってとても貴重です。
C1 verb /ˌoʊvərˈrʌn/

overrun

侵略する
Meaning
to spread over or occupy completely; to exceed a limit or time
Example
The garden was overrun with weeds.
庭は雑草に覆われていた。
A2 noun /ˈfaɪəˌwɜːk/

firework

花火
Meaning
a device that explodes or creates a display of lights and sounds, often used in celebrations
Example
The fireworks lit up the sky during the New Year's Eve celebration.
花火は新年の前夜祭で空を照らしました。
C1 adverb /ˌʌnkənˈvɛnʃənəli/

unconventionally

型破りに
Meaning
in a way that is not based on or conforming to accepted standards or norms
Example
She dresses unconventionally, mixing bold colors and patterns that surprise everyone.
彼女は型破りに服装をしており、大胆な色と柄を組み合わせて皆を驚かせる。
B2 adverb /ɪkˈsplɪsɪtli/

explicitly

明確に
Meaning
in a clear and detailed manner, leaving no room for confusion or doubt
Example
The instructions were explicitly written to avoid any confusion.
指示は明確に書かれており、混乱を避けるためです。
C2 verb /ˈdɒɡmətaɪz/

dogmatize

ドグマ化する
Meaning
To state opinions or beliefs as if they were absolute truths.
Example
The professor tended to dogmatize on political issues.
その教授は政治的な問題でドグマタイズする傾向があった。
C1 noun /ˈfrek.əl/

Freckle

そばかす
Meaning
a small brownish spot on the skin, often becoming more pronounced through exposure to the sun
Example
Her face was covered with cute freckles that appeared every summer.
彼女の顔は可愛いそばかすで覆われていて、毎年夏になると現れます。
C2 noun /ˈæpədʒiː/

apogee

頂点
Meaning
the highest or most distant point; the climax or peak of something
Example
The empire reached its apogee during the 18th century.
帝国は18世紀にその頂点に達しました。
C2 noun /ˈhɜːrmɪtɪdʒ/

hermitage

隠遁所
Meaning
A secluded residence or retreat, often for a hermit or religious recluse.
Example
The monk spent years in a hermitage deep in the forest.
その僧侶は森の奥深くの隠遁所で数年間を過ごしました。
B2 adverb /ˈfɜ:rst hænd/

First-hand

直接; 原始の源から
Meaning
directly experienced or obtained; from the original source
Example
I experienced the earthquake first-hand.
私は地震を直接体験しました。
B1 adjective /ˈsensəbəl/

Sensible

賢明な; 実用的な; 理にかなった
Meaning
having or showing good sense; practical and reasonable
Example
It would be sensible to take an umbrella because it might rain.
雨が降るかもしれないので、傘を持っていくのは賢明です。
C1 adjective /ˈbɑːmi/

balmy

穏やかで心地よい温かさ；癒し。
Meaning
Mild and pleasantly warm; soothing.
Example
We enjoyed a walk on a balmy summer evening.
私たちは穏やかな夏の夕方に散歩を楽しみました。
C1 noun /ˌdʒʊə.rɪsˈdɪk.ʃən/

Jurisdiction

管轄
Meaning
the official power to make legal decisions and judgments; the extent of this power
Example
This case falls under the jurisdiction of the federal court.
このケースは連邦裁判所の管轄下にあります。
B1 noun /bɑːm/

Bomb

爆弾
Meaning
an explosive device designed to cause damage or destruction
Example
The bomb disposal unit carefully defused the explosive device.
爆弾処理班は爆発装置を慎重に無力化しました。
C2 noun /ˈʌp.wel.ɪŋ/

upwelling

湧昇流
Meaning
An oceanographic phenomenon that involves wind-driven motion of dense, cooler, and nutrient-rich water towards the ocean surface.
Example
Upwelling brings nutrients to the ocean surface.
湧昇流は海面へ栄養分を運ぶ。
B2 noun /æŋˈzaɪ.ə.ti/

anxiety

不安や神経質
Meaning
A feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease about something with an uncertain outcome.
Example
Meditation helps reduce anxiety and stress.
瞑想は不安とストレスを軽減するのに役立ちます。
B2 verb /əˈstɒnɪʃ/

astonish

驚かせる
Meaning
to surprise someone greatly; to fill with sudden wonder or amazement
Example
The magician’s final trick astonished the entire audience.
そのマジシャンの最後のトリックは観客全員を驚かせた。
C1 noun ˈpɛd.ə.ɡɒ.dʒi

pedagogy

教育学
Meaning
The method and practice of teaching, especially as an academic subject or theoretical concept.
Example
Modern pedagogy focuses on student-centered learning.
現代の教育学は学生中心の学習に焦点を当てています。
B1 adjective /ˈɪnər/

inner

内面的
Meaning
Located inside or closer to the center; relating to one’s thoughts or feelings.
Example
She shared her inner thoughts with her best friend.
彼女は最良の友達に内面的な思いを共有しました。
A1 verb /ˈtrævəl/

travel

旅行
Meaning
to make a journey, typically to a distant or unfamiliar place
Example
I love to travel around the world and explore new cultures.
私は世界中を旅行し、新しい文化を探求するのが好きです。
C2 verb /ˈɡæmbəl/

gambol

楽しく跳ねる
Meaning
to run or jump about playfully
Example
The lambs gamboled in the field under the sun.
羊たちは太陽の下で野原を元気に跳ね回っていました。
C1 noun /ˈdæɡ.ər/

Dagger

短剣
Meaning
a short knife with a pointed blade used as a weapon
Example
The ancient warrior carried a silver dagger.
古代の戦士は銀の短剣を携えていた。
B2 verb ɪnˈvɛst.ɪŋ

investing

投資
Meaning
The act of putting money into financial schemes, shares, property, or a commercial venture with the expectation of achieving a profit.
Example
Investing in stocks can generate long-term wealth.
株式投資は長期的な富を生むことができます。
C1 adjective /ˈpɪt.i.ləs/

pitiless

無慈悲
Meaning
showing no pity or compassion; cruel
Example
The pitiless ruler ignored the suffering of his people.
無慈悲な支配者は自分の民の苦しみを無視した。
C1 noun /ˈlaɪbəl/

libel

名誉毀損
Meaning
a published false statement that damages a person's reputation
Example
The newspaper was sued for libel after publishing false claims.
新聞は虚偽の主張を掲載した後、名誉毀損で訴えられました。
C1 noun /ˈkroʊ.bɑːr/

Crowbar

バール
Meaning
a heavy iron bar with a curved end used as a lever for prying things apart
Example
He used a crowbar to remove the old nails.
彼は古い釘を取り除くためにクローバーを使いました。
B2 adjective /ˈsɛkʃʊəl/

sexual

セクシャル
Meaning
relating to the instincts, physiological processes, and activities connected with physical attraction or intimate physical contact between individuals
Example
The sexual health of individuals is an important topic in modern medicine.
個々の性の健康は現代医学において重要なトピックです。
B2 noun /kənˈkʌʃən/

concussion

脳震盪
Meaning
A temporary unconsciousness or shock caused by a blow to the head.
Example
He suffered a concussion after falling from the bike.
彼は自転車から落ちた後、脳震盪を受けました。
C1 verb /əˈskraɪb/

ascribe

帰属する、割り当てる
Meaning
To attribute something to a cause, source, or person.
Example
Many scholars ascribe the poem to an unknown author.
多くの学者はこの詩を未知の作者に帰属させている。
B2 adjective /ɪkˈstɜːr.nəl/

External

外部の
Meaning
coming from or relating to the outside; not belonging to or originating from within
Example
The company hired external consultants to review their business strategy.
その会社はビジネス戦略を見直すために外部のコンサルタントを雇いました。
B2 noun /ˈaɪ.lɪd/

Eyelid

まぶた
Meaning
either of the upper or lower folds of skin that cover the eye when closed
Example
Her eyelids felt heavy with sleep.
彼女のまぶたは眠気で重く感じた。
C2 noun /ˈveɪɡəri/

vagary

予測できない変化
Meaning
An unexpected and inexplicable change in a situation or someone's behavior.
Example
The vagaries of the weather made planning difficult.
天気の不規則な変化で計画が難しくなった。
C1 noun prɪˌsɪp.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən

precipitation

降水
Meaning
Rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to or condenses on the ground.
Example
Annual precipitation levels are decreasing.
年間降水量は減少しています。
C1 noun /ˈkwɪk.sænd/

Quick-sand

クイックサンド
Meaning
loose wet sand that yields easily to pressure and sucks in anything on its surface
Example
The explorer got trapped in quicksand while crossing the desert.
探検家は砂漠を横断中にクイックサンドに捕まりました。
A1 noun ˈpɛrənts

Parents

親
Meaning
One's father and mother.
Example
The family tree starts with the child's parents.
家系図は子供の親から始まります。
B1 noun /ˈwep.ən/

Weapon

武器
Meaning
a thing designed or used for inflicting bodily harm or physical damage
Example
The police found a dangerous weapon at the crime scene.
警察は犯罪現場で危険な武器を発見した。
B2 noun /ˈtroʊfi/

trophy

トロフィー
Meaning
An object awarded as a prize for a victory or achievement.
Example
She proudly displayed the trophy she won in the competition.
彼女はコンペティションで勝ったトロフィーを誇らしげに展示しました。
C1 noun /ˈɪn.floʊ/

inflow

流入
Meaning
The movement of things such as money, people, or water into a place.
Example
The inflow of tourists boosted the local economy.
観光客の流入が地域経済を活性化させた。
C1 verb /kəˈrəʊd/

corrode

腐食
Meaning
to gradually destroy or wear away metal or other materials through chemical action
Example
The iron pipes corroded over time due to exposure to water.
鉄のパイプは水にさらされて時間が経つにつれて腐食しました。
B2 verb /ˈrɛkən/

reckon

推測する
Meaning
To think, believe, or expect something; to calculate or estimate.
Example
I reckon it will rain later today.
今日は後で雨が降るだろうと思います。
C1 noun /brəˈzɪər/

Brassiere

ブラジャー
Meaning
a woman's undergarment designed to support the breasts
Example
She bought a comfortable brassiere for daily wear.
彼女は日常的に着るために快適なブラジャーを買いました。
C2 adjective /ˌɪnɪˈsɛnʃəl/

inessential

本質的でない
Meaning
not necessary or important; not essential
Example
The report removes all inessential details to stay focused.
その報告書は焦点を保つために本質的でない詳細を削除している。
B2 noun, verb /ˈdɪskɔːrs/

discourse

談話, 講義
Meaning
Written or spoken communication or debate.
Example
The professor gave a discourse on ancient philosophy.
教授は古代哲学についての講義を行った。
B2 noun rɪˈzɪl.i.əns

resilience

レジリエンス
Meaning
The ability to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness.
Example
Testing the resilience of wood is crucial.
木材のレジリエンスをテストすることは非常に重要です。
C1 adjective /ɪˈvɒkətɪv/

evocative

呼び起こす
Meaning
bringing strong images, memories, or feelings to mind
Example
The music was evocative of her childhood memories.
その音楽は彼女の子供時代の記憶を呼び起こしました。
C2 adjective /məˈlɛfɪsənt/

maleficent

邪悪
Meaning
Causing harm or destruction, especially by supernatural means.
Example
The maleficent witch cursed the young princess.
その悪しき魔女は若い王女に呪いをかけました。
A1 pronoun /ðeɪ/

they

彼ら
Meaning
used to refer to people or things previously mentioned or easily identified
Example
They are going to the park.
彼らは公園に行きます。
C2 noun /ˈjuːnɪvəˌlɛns/

univalence

単価性
Meaning
The state of having a single valence or combining power, especially in chemistry.
Example
Hydrogen is characterized by its univalence in chemical reactions.
水素は化学反応においてその単価性によって特徴づけられています。
C2 verb /pərˈlɔɪn/

purloin

盗む
Meaning
to steal something, often in a sneaky or dishonest way
Example
He tried to purloin a book from the library without being noticed.
彼は図書館から本を盗もうとしたが、気づかれなかった。
C2 adjective /ˈliːənaɪn/

leonine

ライオンのような
Meaning
Of or resembling a lion.
Example
His leonine hair made him stand out in the crowd.
彼のライオンのような髪は、群衆の中で目立たせた。
B1 verb /seɪl/

sail

帆を使って旅行する
Meaning
to travel on water in a boat or ship using sails or by wind power
Example
They sailed across the Atlantic Ocean last summer.
彼らは昨年の夏、アトランティックオーシャンを渡りました。
C2 adjective /kənˌtɛmpəˈreɪniəs/

contemporaneous

同時代の
Meaning
existing, happening, or occurring at the same time
Example
The two artists were contemporaneous and often influenced each other.
二人のアーティストは同時代のもので、しばしば互いに影響を与えました。
C2 noun /ˌpæliˈeɪʃən/

palliation

緩和
Meaning
relief of symptoms without curing the underlying disease or problem
Example
Palliation is often the focus of care for terminally ill patients.
緩和ケアは終末期の患者の治療において重要な焦点となります。
C2 adjective /sɛnˈtɛnʃəs/

sententious

道徳的な; 道徳的に説教する
Meaning
Given to moralizing in a pompous or affected manner.
Example
His sententious remarks annoyed the audience.
彼の道徳的なコメントは観客をイライラさせた。
C1 verb θwɔːt

thwart

阻止する
Meaning
Prevent (someone) from accomplishing something; oppose successfully.
Example
His efforts to thwart the proposal were unsuccessful.
提案を阻止しようとした彼の努力は失敗に終わった。
B2 noun /ˈsʌ.plɪ.mənt/

Supplement

サプリメント
Meaning
something that completes or adds to something else; a dietary product
Example
She takes vitamin supplements to maintain her health.
彼女は健康を維持するためにビタミンサプリメントを摂取します。
C1 verb /ɪnˈθjuːz/

enthuse

興奮させる
Meaning
to express excitement or admiration
Example
She enthused about her trip to Italy.
彼女はイタリア旅行について興奮して話していました。