B2 noun, verb /laʊndʒ/

lounge

ラウンジ

Meaning

A public room for relaxing; or to sit, lie, or stand in a relaxed way.

Example

They lounged on the sofa after dinner.

彼らは夕食後にソファでくつろいでいた。

C2 noun /vɜːrv/

verve

活力

Meaning

Great enthusiasm, spirit, or energy in expression or performance.

Example

The actor performed his role with remarkable verve.

その俳優は素晴らしい活力で役を演じました。

C1 noun /ˈnɑːrsɪsɪst/

narcissist

ナルシシスト

Meaning

A person who has an excessive interest in or admiration of themselves.

Example

Everyone avoided him because he was a narcissist.

みんな彼を避けていた、なぜなら彼はナルシシストだったから。

A2 adjective /ˈpɜːrsənl/

personal

個人的な

Meaning

relating to a particular person rather than anyone else

Example

She shared some personal details about her family.

彼女は家族についての個人的な詳細を共有しました。

B2 verb /ʌnˈkʌvə(r)/

uncover

明らかにする

Meaning

to reveal something that was hidden or secret

Example

The investigation uncovered new evidence.

調査で新しい証拠が明らかになった。

C2 adjective /dʒʊˈrɪdɪkəl/

juridical

司法的

Meaning

Relating to judicial proceedings or the administration of law.

Example

The case raised important juridical questions.

その事件は重要な司法的問題を提起しました。

B1 adjective /ˈhoʊpləs/

Hopeless

絶望的; 希望がない

Meaning

feeling or causing despair about something; without hope; desperate

Example

The situation seemed hopeless until help arrived.

助けが到着するまで、状況は絶望的に見えた。

B2 adjective /ˈʌpˌraɪt/

Upright

正直で道徳的に正しい; 垂直または立っている位置

Meaning

honest and morally correct; vertical or erect in position

Example

She is known for being an upright and honest businesswoman.

彼女は正直で正しいビジネスウーマンとして知られています。

A1 verb /ˈvɪzɪt/

visit

訪れる

Meaning

to go and see someone or somewhere; to pay a call

Example

We plan to visit the museum this weekend.

私たちは今週末に博物館を訪れる予定です。

C2 noun /ˈplɛdʒɔːr/

pledgeor

保証人

Meaning

a person who gives or offers a pledge or security

Example

The bank accepted the jewelry from the pledgeor as collateral for the loan.

銀行は貸付の担保として保証人から宝石を受け入れました。

A2 noun /liːf/

Leaf

葉

Meaning

a flattened structure of a higher plant, typically green and blade-like, that is attached to a stem

Example

The autumn leaves are falling from the tree.

秋の葉が木から落ちています。

C2 adjective /ˈbɪliəs/

bilious

胆汁の

Meaning

Relating to bile or an ill-tempered, irritable disposition.

Example

He became bilious after hearing the unfair criticism.

不公平な批判を聞いた後、彼は怒りっぽくなった。

B1 noun /rɪst/

Wrist

手首

Meaning

the joint connecting the hand with the forearm

Example

He wore a watch on his wrist.

彼は手首に時計をしていた。

A2 noun ˈbæl.əns

balance

バランス

Meaning

A condition in which different elements are equal or in the correct proportions.

Example

Balance among powers prevents conflicts.

権力のバランスは対立を防ぎます。

C2 noun /ˈoʊ.kəm/

oakum

古いロープの繊維

Meaning

loose fibers obtained by untwisting old ropes, used for caulking ships

Example

The shipbuilders used oakum to seal the gaps in the wooden planks.

船大工たちは木の板の隙間を塞ぐためにオーカムを使いました。

C1 adjective /ˈɔːrəl/

aural

聴覚の

Meaning

Relating to the ear or the sense of hearing.

Example

The lecture was an aural experience as well as an intellectual one.

講義は聴覚的な体験であり、知的な体験でもありました。

B2 noun /ˈrɪə.lɪ.zəm/

realism

リアリズム

Meaning

The quality of representing things as they are; a practical or factual view.

Example

Her paintings are admired for their realism.

彼女の絵画はそのリアリズムで賞賛されています。

C1 noun /ˈkæviˌæt/

caveat

警告

Meaning

a warning or condition to be considered before taking action

Example

The proposal was accepted with one caveat.

提案は警告付きで受け入れられました。

C1 adjective /mjuːˈnɪsɪpəl/

municipal

市営の

Meaning

relating to a city or town or its local government

Example

The municipal authority is responsible for maintaining the park.

市営当局は公園の維持管理を担当しています。

B2 noun /ˈpærɪʃ/

parish

教区

Meaning

A local church community or the area served by a parish church.

Example

The parish gathered for Sunday service.

教区は日曜礼拝のために集まりました。

A1 noun /ɪɡˈzɑːm.pəl/

example

例

Meaning

a thing or person regarded as a model to be followed or avoided

Example

He is a good example of a hardworking student.

彼は勤勉な学生の良い例です。

B1 noun /ˈsɜːvənt/

servant

召使い

Meaning

a person who performs duties for others, especially in a household

Example

The servant opened the door for the guests.

召使いは客のためにドアを開けました。

B2 adjective /kəʊˈɒpərətɪv/

cooperative

協力的

Meaning

willing to work or act together with others for a common purpose

Example

She was very cooperative during the interview process.

彼女は面接の過程で非常に協力的でした。

C1 verb /ˈɡlɔːrɪfaɪ/

glorify

讃える

Meaning

to praise or honor someone or something; to make something seem better than it is

Example

The movie glorifies war heroes.

その映画は戦争の英雄を美化している。

B2 noun /ˈɒfərɪŋ/

offering

オファリング

Meaning

something that is given, especially as a gift or contribution

Example

The company’s latest offering is an eco-friendly car.

会社の最新のオファリングは、エコフレンドリーな車です。

B1 noun /ˈsɜːr.kəmˌsˌtæn.sɪz/

Circumstances

状況

Meaning

the conditions that affect a situation, action, or event; facts or conditions connected with or relevant to an event

Example

Under normal circumstances, she would have arrived by now.

通常の状況では、彼女はもう到着しているはずです。

A2 noun /ˈel.ɪ.fənt/

Elephant

象

Meaning

a very large gray mammal with long curved teeth and a long nose called a trunk

Example

The elephant is the largest land animal in the world.

象は世界で最も大きな陸生動物です。

C1 adjective /ˈviːəmənt/

Vehement

強烈な; 熱烈な; 情熱的な; 活発な

Meaning

showing strong feeling; forceful; passionate; intense

Example

She gave a vehement denial of the accusations.

彼女はその告発に対して強烈に否定した。

A1 noun /ˈmuːvi/

movie

幸福

Meaning

A motion picture or film shown in a cinema or on television.

Example

We watched a movie together last night.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

C1 noun /haɪˈeɪtəs/

hiatus

中断

Meaning

A pause or break in continuity of a process or activity.

Example

The show returned after a long hiatus.

ショーは長い中断の後、再び始まりました。

C2 noun /pərˈdɪʃən/

perdition

幸福

Meaning

A state of eternal spiritual ruin, often referring to hell or damnation.

Example

The preacher warned that greed would lead to perdition.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸福を隠すことができなかった。

C2 adjective /droʊl/

droll

ユニーク

Meaning

curious or unusual in a way that provokes dry amusement

Example

He had a droll sense of humor that made everyone laugh.

彼はみんなを笑わせるユニークなユーモアのセンスを持っていた。

C2 verb /ˌkaʊntərˈmænd/

countermand

命令を取り消す

Meaning

to revoke or cancel an order or command

Example

The general countermanded the previous orders immediately.

将軍は前の命令を直ちに取り消しました。

B2 noun /ˈsɪnəmən/

Cinnamon

シナモン

Meaning

aromatic spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species

Example

Cinnamon is often used in baking and desserts.

シナモンはしばしばベーキングやデザートに使われます。

C1 noun /blæk plʌm/

Black plum

ブラックプラム

Meaning

a dark purple or black colored edible fruit with sweet and sour taste

Example

I picked some fresh black plums from the tree in our backyard.

私は庭の木から新鮮なブラックプラムをいくつか摘みました。

C2 noun /pɛnˈtæmɪtər/

pentameter

ペンタメーター

Meaning

A line of verse consisting of five metrical feet.

Example

Shakespeare often wrote his plays in iambic pentameter.

シェイクスピアはよくアイアンビック・ペンタメーターで劇を書きました。

C2 noun /ˈpɒsi/

posse

ギャング / 友達グループ

Meaning

A group of people, often friends or a group organized to support or enforce the law.

Example

He arrived at the party with his posse of friends.

彼は友達グループと一緒にパーティーに到着しました。

C1 noun /ˌrɛkwɪˈzɪʃən/

requisition

要求

Meaning

An official order laying claim to the use of property or materials; a formal demand or request.

Example

The manager submitted a requisition for new office supplies.

マネージャーは新しいオフィス用品のためのレクイジションを提出しました。

C2 noun /ˈsʌfrədʒɪst/

suffragist

女性参政権運動家

Meaning

a person advocating the extension of suffrage, especially to women

Example

The suffragists organized rallies to demand voting rights for women.

女性参政権運動家たちは女性の投票権を求めて集会を開いた。

B2 adjective ˌpaɪəˈnɪə.rɪŋ

pioneering

先駆的

Meaning

Involving new ideas or methods; innovative and original.

Example

Pioneering efforts often lead to success.

先駆的な努力はしばしば成功につながります。

B2 verb /kənˈsɜːrv/

conserve

Meaning

to protect something from harm or destruction; to use resources carefully to avoid waste

Example

We must conserve water during the dry season.

C1 noun /ˈklæmər/

clamor

騒音

Meaning

a loud and confused noise, especially of people shouting insistently

Example

The clamor of the protesting crowd filled the square.

抗議する群衆の騒音が広場を埋め尽くした。

B2 noun /kɔːrd/

cord

ひも

Meaning

a long, thin, flexible string or rope

Example

He tied the package with a strong cord.

彼は強いひもで荷物を結びました。

B2 noun /ˈdeɪ.tə briːtʃ/

data breach

データ漏洩

Meaning

Unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information through security violation

Example

A data breach exposed millions of users' passwords.

データ漏洩により何百万人ものユーザーのパスワードが公開されました。

B1 noun /ruːˈtiːn/

routine

ルーチン, 習慣, 固定された順序

Meaning

A sequence of actions regularly followed; a fixed program.

Example

A well-structured routine improves productivity.

よく構造化されたルーチンは生産性を向上させます。

C1 noun /ˈpæl.ət/

Palate

口蓋; 味を区別する能力

Meaning

the roof of the mouth; a person's ability to distinguish between different flavors

Example

The chef created dishes to please every palate.

シェフはすべての味覚を満足させる料理を作りました。

B2 adjective /ˌʌnkənˈvɛnʃənl/

unconventional

型破りの

Meaning

not based on or conforming to what is generally done or believed

Example

Her unconventional approach to teaching inspired her students to think creatively.

彼女の型破りの教育アプローチは、生徒たちに創造的に考えるよう促しました。

B1 noun fləʊ

flow

流れ

Meaning

The action or fact of moving along in a steady, continuous stream

Example

The flow of information must be secured.

情報の流れは確保されなければならない。

C2 adjective, noun /ˈɡreɪtɪŋ/

grating

耳障りな音 / 金属の格子

Meaning

Harsh and unpleasant to the senses, especially sound; a framework of bars covering an opening.

Example

The teacher's grating voice made it hard to concentrate.

先生の耳障りな声で集中するのが難しかった。

C2 noun /hɑrˈmoʊniəm/

Harmonium

ハーモニウム

Meaning

a keyboard musical instrument similar to an organ, using air to produce sound

Example

She played devotional songs on the harmonium at the temple.

彼女は寺院でハーモニウムを使って祈りの歌を演奏した。

C1 noun /ˈtrɛmər/

tremor

震え

Meaning

a slight shaking movement in a person’s body or in the ground

Example

A small tremor was felt before the earthquake.

地震の前に小さな震えが感じられました。

C1 noun /ˈstaɪpend/

Stipend

奨学金

Meaning

a fixed regular sum paid as a salary or allowance

Example

The research student receives a monthly stipend for living expenses.

研究学生は生活費のために毎月奨学金を受け取ります。

C1 adjective /prɪˈzʌmp.tʃu.əs/

presumptuous

生意気な

Meaning

Overconfident, rude, or taking liberties without permission.

Example

It was presumptuous of him to make that decision without consulting others.

他が他の人と相談せずにその決定を下したのは生意気だった。

C2 noun /ˈbɜːrɡər/

burgher

市民（裕福な中産階級）

Meaning

A citizen of a town, typically a member of the wealthy middle class.

Example

The burgher was respected as a prosperous merchant in the city.

その市民は、町で繁栄している商人として尊敬されていました。

C1 noun /ɪnˈsaɪtmənt/

incitement

扇動

Meaning

the action of provoking unlawful or violent behavior

Example

He was arrested for incitement to riot.

彼は暴動を扇動した罪で逮捕された。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈkoʊətɪv/

inchoative

初期の

Meaning

relating to the beginning of something; in an initial stage

Example

The poet used inchoative expressions to depict the dawn of creation.

詩人は創造の夜明けを描くために初期の表現を使いました。

A2 adjective /ˈɔːfəl/

awful

ひどい

Meaning

very bad or unpleasant

Example

The weather was awful during our trip.

旅行中、天気はひどかった。

B2 noun ˈdʒes.tʃərz

gestures

ジェスチャー

Meaning

Body movements, especially of hands, face, or body when speaking.

Example

Effective gestures add emphasis to a speech.

効果的なジェスチャーはスピーチに強調を加えます。

C2 adjective /ˈboʊvaɪn/

bovine

牛に関連する

Meaning

relating to cattle; showing a dull or sluggish nature

Example

Her bovine expression revealed no emotions.

彼女のボバインな表情は感情を示すことはなかった。

C2 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈfætɪɡəbl̩/

indefatigable

疲れ知らず

Meaning

persisting tirelessly; incapable of being fatigued

Example

Her indefatigable spirit kept the team motivated during the long project.

彼女の疲れ知らずの精神が、長いプロジェクトを通してチームを励ましました。

B2 adjective /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

becoming

似合う

Meaning

attractive, suitable, or flattering to the wearer or situation

Example

That dress is very becoming on her.

そのドレスは彼女にとても似合っています。

B1 noun, adjective, gerund /ˈæk.tɪŋ/

acting

演技

Meaning

the art or profession of performing in plays, films, or television; temporary performance of duties; the process of performing an action

Example

She is studying acting to become a professional actress.

彼女はプロの女優になるために演技を勉強しています。

B2 adjective məˈriːn

marine

海の

Meaning

Of, relating to, or characteristic of the sea; living or growing in the sea.

Example

Marine ecosystems are highly sensitive to human activity.

海洋生態系は人間の活動に非常に敏感です。

C2 noun /boʊl/

boll

丸い種子のカプセル（綿花や亜麻のような）

Meaning

The rounded seed capsule of plants such as cotton or flax.

Example

The farmer examined the cotton boll to check its quality.

農夫は綿のボールを調べて、その品質を確認しました。

C2 verb /ɪnˈdjuː/

endue

授ける

Meaning

To provide or endow with a quality or ability.

Example

The leader was endued with wisdom and courage.

リーダーは知恵と勇気を授けられた。

A2 preposition /əˈpɒn/

upon

の上で

Meaning

on or immediately after

Example

Upon hearing the news, he rushed to the hospital.

ニュースを聞いた後、彼は病院に急いだ。

C2 noun /maɪˈkrɒmɪtər/

micrometer

マイクロメーター

Meaning

A device used for measuring small distances with great accuracy.

Example

The engineer used a micrometer to measure the thickness of the wire.

エンジニアはワイヤーの厚さを測るためにマイクロメーターを使いました。

C1 adjective /vɪnˈdɪk.tɪv/

Vindictive

復讐心の強い

Meaning

having or showing a strong or unreasoning desire for revenge

Example

His vindictive behavior towards his former colleagues was unprofessional.

彼の復讐心に満ちた行動は、以前の同僚に対して不適切でした。

B2 noun /ˌsɜːrtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

certification

認定

Meaning

the process of officially recognizing or confirming that something or someone meets required standards; an official document proving qualification

Example

She received her professional certification after completing the training program.

彼女は研修プログラムを修了した後、専門的な認定を取得しました。

C1 noun /frɪˈvɒləti/

frivolity

軽薄さ

Meaning

Lack of seriousness; silly or trivial behavior.

Example

The teacher discouraged frivolity during the exam.

先生は試験中の軽薄な行動を戒めました。

C1 verb ˌkəʊ.əˈles

coalesce

統合する

Meaning

Come together and form one mass or whole; unite to form one organization or group.

Example

The different theories coalesced into one unified idea.

異なる理論が一つの統一されたアイデアに統合されました。

A2 noun /ɪˈfekt/

Effect

効果; 結果; 影響

Meaning

a change that is a result or consequence of an action or other cause

Example

The new medicine had a positive effect on the patient's recovery.

新しい薬は患者の回復に良い効果をもたらしました。

B1 verb /ˈpʌzəl/

puzzle

パズル

Meaning

to confuse or perplex; to think hard about something

Example

The math problem will puzzle even the experts.

その数学の問題は、専門家をも困惑させるだろう。

C1 verb /ˈpɜːrsɪkjuːt/

persecute

幸福

Meaning

to treat someone cruelly or unfairly, especially because of their religion, race, or beliefs

Example

Many people were persecuted for their faith during that time.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸福を隠せなかった。

B1 noun /ˈdɛdˌlaɪnz/

deadlines

締め切り

Meaning

The latest time or date by which something should be completed.

Example

Setting deadlines helps finish tasks.

締め切りを設定することでタスクを終わらせるのに役立ちます。

B2 noun /ˌdek.ləˈreɪ.ʃən/

Declaration

宣言; 発表; 告知

Meaning

a formal or explicit statement or announcement; an official proclamation

Example

The president's declaration of independence marked a historic moment for the nation.

大統領の独立宣言は、国にとって歴史的な瞬間を意味していました。

C2 adjective /ˈɪndələnt/

indolent

怠惰

Meaning

Wanting to avoid activity or exertion; lazy.

Example

The indolent cat slept in the sun all afternoon.

怠惰な猫は午後ずっと太陽の下で寝ていました。

A2 noun /ˈdɒlfɪn/

Dolphin

イルカ

Meaning

A highly intelligent marine mammal with a streamlined body and dorsal fin

Example

Dolphins are known for their playful behavior and intelligence.

イルカは遊び好きな行動と知性で知られています。

B2 noun /ˈmeɪər/

mayor

市長

Meaning

The elected head of a city, town, or municipality.

Example

The mayor announced a new policy to improve public transport.

市長は公共交通機関を改善するために新しい政策を発表しました。

C1 adjective /læks/

lax

緩い, だらしない

Meaning

Not strict, severe, or careful; negligent or careless.

Example

The security at the airport was surprisingly lax.

空港のセキュリティは驚くほど緩かった。

C1 adjective /ˌzɛnəˈfoʊbɪk/

xenophobic

外国人恐怖症

Meaning

having or showing a dislike or fear of people from other countries

Example

The leader’s xenophobic comments sparked outrage across the country.

リーダーの外国人恐怖症に関するコメントは、全国で憤りを引き起こした。

C2 noun /ˌhæŋ.ki ˈpæŋ.ki/

Hanky-Panky

詐欺; 疑わしい活動; 不道徳な行動; ごまかし

Meaning

dishonest or suspicious activity; unethical behavior; trickery or deception

Example

The audit revealed some hanky-panky in the company's financial records.

監査により、会社の財務記録に詐欺が発覚しました。

A2 noun /hoʊl/

Hole

穴; 穴ぼこ;

Meaning

a hollow place in a solid body or surface; an opening through something

Example

The dog dug a deep hole in the backyard to bury its favorite bone.

犬は裏庭に深い穴を掘って、お気に入りの骨を埋めました。

C2 noun /ˌlɛksɪˈkɒɡrəfər/

lexicographer

辞書編纂者

Meaning

A person who compiles, writes, or edits dictionaries.

Example

The lexicographer spent years compiling the dictionary.

そのレキシコグラファーは辞書を編纂するのに数年を費やした。

C2 verb /kəˈnoʊt/

connote

示唆する

Meaning

To suggest or imply an additional meaning beyond the literal one.

Example

The word 'youthful' connotes energy and vitality.

「若々しい」という言葉はエネルギーと活力を示唆します。

C2 noun /juːˌtrɑː.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

eutrophication

湖やその他の水域における栄養素の過剰

Meaning

Excessive richness of nutrients in a lake or other body of water, frequently due to runoff from the land, which causes a dense growth of plant life and death of animal life from lack of oxygen.

Example

Excess fertilizers lead to eutrophication in lakes.

過剰な肥料は湖におけるユートロフィケーションを引き起こします。

C1 adjective ˈser.ɪ.brəl

cerebral

大脳の

Meaning

Of the cerebrum of the brain.

Example

Cerebral functions regulate thoughts.

大脳機能は思考を調整します。

C2 verb /ˌmɪskənˈsiːv/

misconceive

誤解する

Meaning

To misunderstand or form an incorrect idea about something.

Example

He misconceived the purpose of the project.

彼はプロジェクトの目的を誤解しました。

C2 noun /ˈnɑːstrəm/

nostrum

効果のない薬

Meaning

a medicine or remedy, especially one that is not considered effective; a questionable solution

Example

The politician’s plan was dismissed as a mere nostrum for a complex problem.

政治家の計画は、複雑な問題に対する単なる効果のない薬として退けられました。

B2 verb ˈtrɪɡərz

triggers

引き起こす

Meaning

To cause or initiate something to happen

Example

Air pollution triggers chronic diseases.

大気汚染は慢性疾患を引き起こします。

B2 noun /ˈfræɡ.mənt/

Fragment

断片; 部分;

Meaning

a small part broken or separated off something; an incomplete or isolated portion

Example

Archaeologists found fragments of ancient pottery buried in the soil.

考古学者たちは土の中で古代の陶器の断片を発見しました。

C1 noun /ˈsɛntɪnəl/

sentinel

衛兵

Meaning

A soldier or guard whose job is to stand and keep watch.

Example

A sentinel stood at the entrance of the camp.

一人の衛兵がキャンプの入り口に立っていた。

B2 noun /ˈʃɔːrt.kʌm.ɪŋ/

Shortcoming

欠点; 不足; 短所

Meaning

a fault or failure to meet a certain standard; a deficiency

Example

Despite his many talents, he has some shortcomings.

彼の多くの才能にもかかわらず、いくつかの欠点があります。

B1 adverb /ˌɔːl.təˈɡeð.ər/

Altogether

合計; 完全に; 全て

Meaning

completely; in total; considering everything

Example

The project cost altogether five thousand dollars.

そのプロジェクトの費用は合計五千ドルでした。

B2 adverb /səbˈstænʃəli/

substantially

大幅に

Meaning

to a great extent or degree

Example

The new policy has substantially improved working conditions.

新しい政策は労働条件を大幅に改善しました。

C2 adjective /paɪd/

pied

まだら模様の

Meaning

having two or more different colors, typically in blotches

Example

The pied cat had black and white patches all over its body.

その斑猫は体中に黒と白の斑点がありました。

A2 adjective /ˈdɜː.ti/

Dirty

汚い; よごれた; 不快な; 道徳的に堕落した

Meaning

not clean; covered with dirt; unpleasant; morally corrupt

Example

The kitchen was dirty after cooking.

料理後、台所は汚かった。

C1 noun /ˈɛər.luːm/

heirloom

遺産

Meaning

a valuable object that has belonged to a family for several generations

Example

The ring is a family heirloom passed down from her grandmother.

その指輪は祖母から受け継がれた家族の遺産です。

A2 adjective /ˈsɪli/

Silly

馬鹿な; 愚かな

Meaning

foolish; lacking good sense or judgement

Example

Don't be silly, of course you can do it!

馬鹿なこと言わないで、もちろんそれができるよ！

C1 noun /ˈkleɪmənt/

claimant

請求者

Meaning

a person who makes a claim, especially in a legal or financial context

Example

The claimant filed for compensation after the accident.

事故後、請求者は補償を申し立てました。

C2 noun /ˌvɪvɪˈsɛkʃən/

vivisection

科学研究のために生きた動物に手術を行うこと

Meaning

the practice of performing operations on live animals for scientific research

Example

Vivisection has long been a controversial topic among scientists and animal rights activists.

ビビセクションは長年にわたり、科学者と動物の権利活動家の間で物議を醸してきました。

B2 adverb /ˈpʌb.lɪk.li/

Publicly

公然と; 公開で;

Meaning

in a public manner; openly; for everyone to see or know

Example

The company publicly announced their new policy.

その会社は新しい方針を公開で発表しました。

B1 noun, verb /ɡrɪl/

grill

Meaning

a metal frame used for cooking food over an open fire; to cook food on such a frame

Example

We grilled some chicken for dinner.

B2 adjective /ˈbeə.rə.bəl/

Bearable

耐えられる; 我慢できる; あまり不快で痛みのない

Meaning

able to be endured; tolerable; not too unpleasant or painful

Example

The pain became bearable after taking the medicine.

薬を飲んだ後、痛みは耐えられるようになった。

C2 adjective /ˈsloʊθfəl/

slothful

怠惰

Meaning

Lazy, idle, and unwilling to work.

Example

She was too slothful to get out of bed early.

彼女はベッドから早く起きるにはあまりにも怠惰でした。

C1 adverb /ˈvaɪtəli/

vitally

極めて重要に

Meaning

in an extremely important or essential way; in a manner relating to life or vitality

Example

Access to clean water is vitally important for public health.

清潔な水へのアクセスは公衆衛生にとって極めて重要です。

C2 noun /dɪˈdʒɛkʃən/

dejection

落胆

Meaning

a state of sadness, depression, or low spirits

Example

She sat in a state of dejection after hearing the bad news.

彼女は悪い知らせを聞いた後、落胆した状態で座っていた。

A2 noun /ˈɡɑːr.dən.ər/

Gardener

庭師

Meaning

a person who tends and cultivates a garden

Example

The gardener planted beautiful flowers in the backyard.

庭師は裏庭に美しい花を植えました。

B2 verb /stroʊk/

stroke

なでる

Meaning

to move your hand gently over something; to hit or touch something gently

Example

She stroked the cat's fur gently.

彼女は猫の毛を優しくなでました。

A1 noun /sʌn/

Sun

太陽

Meaning

the star around which the earth orbits; the source of light and heat for planets

Example

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

太陽は東から昇り、西へ沈みます。

C2 noun /ˈprɒvəndər/

provender

家畜用の餌

Meaning

food or provisions, especially for livestock

Example

The barn was filled with provender for the cattle.

納屋は家畜用の餌でいっぱいだった。

C1 noun /ˈzɛnəˌfoʊb/

xenophobe

外国人恐怖症者

Meaning

a person who dislikes or fears people from other countries or cultures

Example

The politician was criticized as a xenophobe due to his anti-immigrant policies.

その政治家は反移民政策のため、外国人恐怖症者として批判されました。

B2 noun /nɒsˈtæl.dʒə/

nostalgia

ノスタルジア

Meaning

A sentimental longing for the past, typically for a period or place with happy personal associations.

Example

Listening to old songs fills me with nostalgia.

古い歌を聞くと、ノスタルジアで満たされます。

A2 noun /ˈdrɔːɪŋ/

drawing

幸せ

Meaning

a picture or diagram made with a pencil, pen, or crayons rather than paint

Example

She showed me a drawing of her house.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せなかった。

C1 adjective /θiːˈmætɪk/

thematic

テーマ的

Meaning

Relating to or based on a theme.

Example

The book is organized into thematic chapters.

その本はテーマごとに章が整理されています。

C1 adjective /ʃruːd/

Shrewd

賢い; 鋭い; 分別のある

Meaning

having or showing sharp powers of judgment; astute

Example

The shrewd businessman made a profitable deal in the competitive market.

その賢いビジネスマンは、競争の激しい市場で利益を上げる取引をしました。

B2 noun /ˈɡləʊ.bəl piːs/

global peace

地球規模の平和

Meaning

Worldwide harmony and absence of conflict between nations.

Example

Global peace requires collective efforts.

地球規模の平和には集団的な努力が必要です。

C1 verb /rɪˈpjuː.di.eɪt/

repudiate

否定する

Meaning

to refuse to accept, recognize, or support something

Example

He repudiated the claim that he was involved in the scandal.

彼はそのスキャンダルに関与していたという主張を否定しました。

A1 adverb /weər/

Where

どこ

Meaning

In or to what place or position; used to inquire about location

Example

Where did you put my keys?

私の鍵をどこに置きましたか？

C2 verb /ˈkælvɪnaɪz/

calvinize

カルヴァン主義の原則を取り入れる

Meaning

to imbue with the principles or doctrines of Calvinism

Example

The preacher sought to calvinize the community with strict teachings.

伝道師は厳格な教義でコミュニティをカルヴァン主義化しようとした。

B2 verb, noun /ɪkˈsplɔɪt/

exploit

Meaning

to make full use of and derive benefit from (a resource); to use someone unfairly for one’s own advantage

Example

The company was accused of exploiting child labor.