lampoon
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C2 verb /læmˈpuːn/

lampoon

嘲笑する
Meaning
to publicly criticize or ridicule someone or something with humor, irony, or sarcasm
Example
The cartoonist lampooned the politician for his contradictory statements.
カリカチュアリストはその矛盾する発言で政治家を嘲笑した。
B1 verb, noun /klɪp/

clip

Meaning
to cut or trim something; a short extract from a film, broadcast, or recording
Example
She clipped the coupon from the newspaper.
C2 noun, adjective /ˈɡɒsəmər/

gossamer

繊細なもの
Meaning
Something light, thin, and delicate, like a fine fabric or cobweb.
Example
The bride's veil was made of delicate gossamer fabric.
花嫁のベールは繊細なゴッサマー生地で作られていた。
C1 adjective /ˈskɔːrnfəl/

Scornful

軽蔑的な
Meaning
showing contempt or disdain; expressing scorn
Example
She gave him a scornful look when he made the rude comment.
彼が無礼なコメントをしたとき、彼女は軽蔑の目で彼を見た。
C2 noun prəˈklɪv.ə.ti

proclivity

傾向
Meaning
A tendency to choose or do something regularly; an inclination or predisposition toward a particular thing.
Example
She has a proclivity for learning new languages.
彼女は新しい言語を学ぶ傾向があります。
B2 adjective /ˈhjuː.mər.əs/

Humorous

ユーモアのある; 面白い; 笑いを引き起こす;
Meaning
funny; amusing; causing laughter;
Example
His humorous stories always make everyone laugh.
彼のユーモラスな話はいつも皆を笑わせる。
C1 adjective /pəˈmɪs.ɪv/

permissive

寛容な
Meaning
Allowing or characterized by great or excessive freedom of behavior; very lenient or indulgent.
Example
Permissive parenting can sometimes lead to a lack of discipline in children.
許容的な子育ては、時には子どもの規律の欠如を引き起こすことがあります。
B2 adverb /wɛərˈbaɪ/

whereby

によって
Meaning
by which; because of which
Example
The company agreed to a contract whereby it would pay the penalty.
その会社は、罰金を支払う契約に同意しました。
C1 noun /ʌnˈfeɪθfʊlnəs/

unfaithfulness

不貞
Meaning
the quality of being disloyal or not faithful; breach of trust or fidelity
Example
His unfaithfulness led to the end of their marriage.
彼の不貞は結婚の終わりをもたらした。
C2 noun /maɪˈæzmə/

miasma

悪臭の空気
Meaning
An unpleasant or unhealthy smell or atmosphere.
Example
A miasma of decay hung over the abandoned house.
腐敗の気配が廃墟の上に漂っていた。
A2 abbreviation /ɛtˈsɛtərə/

etc

など
Meaning
Used to indicate additional, similar items in a list that are not mentioned.
Example
The shop sells fruits, vegetables, dairy, etc.
店では果物、野菜、乳製品などが販売されています。
C2 adjective /ˌʌltrəˈmʌndeɪn/

ultramundane

超越的
Meaning
Relating to things beyond the physical world; supernatural or transcendental.
Example
Philosophers often discuss ultramundane realities beyond human perception.
哲学者たちはしばしば人間の知覚を超えたウルトラムンデインな現実について議論します。
B2 adjective /ˈkɒmp(ə)rəbl/

comparable

比較できる
Meaning
Able to be likened to something else in size, amount, or quality.
Example
The two products are comparable in quality but differ in price.
二つの製品は品質が比較できるが、価格が異なる。
B2 adjective /ˈɡɪf.tɪd/

Gifted

才能がある; 天賦の
Meaning
having exceptional talent or ability; talented;
Example
She is a gifted musician who plays multiple instruments.
彼女は多くの楽器を演奏する才能のある音楽家です。
C1 noun /ˈhaɪndsaɪt/

hindsight

後知恵
Meaning
Understanding of a situation only after it has happened.
Example
With the benefit of hindsight, we realized the decision was a mistake.
後知恵で、私たちはその決断が間違いだったことに気づきました。
B1 adjective /ˈɜːrbən/

urban

都市的な
Meaning
related to, characteristic of, or situated in a city or town
Example
Urban areas often have higher population density than rural areas.
都市部は、農村部よりも人口密度が高いことがよくあります。
B2 noun /ˈweər.ə.baʊts/

Whereabouts

所在; 場所
Meaning
the place where someone or something is located
Example
Nobody knows the whereabouts of the missing person.
行方不明者の居場所を誰も知らない。
A2 conjunction /ðoʊ/

though

それでも
Meaning
used to introduce a fact that makes the main statement of the sentence seem surprising or unexpected
Example
Though it was raining, they still went outside.
雨が降っていたにもかかわらず、彼らは外に出た。
C2 noun /ˌpɛkjʊˈleɪʃən/

peculation

横領
Meaning
The act of embezzling or stealing money, especially from public funds.
Example
The minister resigned after being accused of peculation.
大臣は横領の罪で辞任しました。
A2 adjective /ˈkloʊ.sɪst/

closest

最も近い
Meaning
nearest in distance or relationship
Example
He is my closest friend.
彼は私の最も親しい友人です。
B2 adverb /ˈmɒdərətli/

moderately

適度に
Meaning
to a reasonable extent, not excessively
Example
She exercises moderately to stay healthy.
彼女は健康を保つために適度に運動しています。
A2 noun /ˈmiːdiə/

Media

メディア
Meaning
The main means of mass communication regarded collectively
Example
The news was widely reported in all forms of media.
ニュースはすべてのメディアで広く報道されました。
B2 adjective /ˈnoʊ.bəl/

Noble

高貴な
Meaning
having high moral qualities; honorable; generous; of aristocratic birth
Example
His noble actions helped many people in need.
彼の高貴な行いは困っている多くの人々を助けた。
A2 verb /liːd/

lead

導く
Meaning
To guide or be in charge; to show the way.
Example
He led the team to victory.
彼はチームを勝利に導いた。
C1 noun/verb /ˈtʌtʃ.ʌp/

touch-up

小さな修正や改善
Meaning
Small corrections or improvements made to something.
Example
The artist gave a quick touch-up to the painting.
アーティストは絵画に素早くタッチアップをしました。
C1 noun /trænsˈfjuːʒən/

transfusion

輸血
Meaning
the process of transferring blood or another fluid into a person's vein
Example
The patient received a blood transfusion after the accident.
事故後、患者は輸血を受けました。
A1 noun /fuːd/

food

食べ物
Meaning
any nutritious substance that people or animals eat or drink to maintain life and growth
Example
Rice is a common food in Asia.
ご飯はアジアでは一般的な食べ物です。
B1 noun /ˌsɪvɪlaɪˈzeɪʃən/

civilization

文明
Meaning
the stage of human social and cultural development and organization considered most advanced
Example
Ancient Egypt is known for its remarkable civilization.
古代エジプトはその優れた文明で知られています。
C1 adjective /məˈnæstɪk/

monastic

修道的な
Meaning
Relating to monks, monasteries, or a life of religious seclusion.
Example
He chose to live a monastic life away from the city.
彼は都市から離れた修道的な生活を選んだ。
B1 adjective /ˈkɜːrli/

curly

巻き毛の
Meaning
having curls or waves; shaped with bends or coils
Example
She has naturally curly hair.
彼女は自然な巻き毛です。
B2 noun /ˈfɪlmˌmeɪkər/

filmmaker

映画製作者
Meaning
a person who makes films, typically as a profession
Example
He is a well-known filmmaker in the industry.
彼は業界で有名なフィルムメーカーです。
B2 noun /ˈpæm.flət/

pamphlet

パンフレット
Meaning
a small booklet or brochure containing information or arguments about a subject
Example
The health department distributed a pamphlet about nutrition.
健康部門は栄養に関するパンフレットを配布しました。
B2 adjective /ˈɛθnɪk/

ethnic

民族的
Meaning
relating to a population subgroup with a common national or cultural tradition
Example
The festival celebrated the city's diverse ethnic communities.
フェスティバルは都市のさまざまな民族のコミュニティを祝いました。
C1 adjective /ˌɑːpərˈtuːn/

opportune

適切な瞬間
Meaning
Happening at a suitable or convenient time.
Example
She arrived at an opportune moment to help.
彼女は助けるために適切な瞬間に到着しました。
C1 adjective ˈklaɪ.mət rɪˈzɪl.i.ənt

climate-resilient

気候に強い
Meaning
Able to cope with the adverse effects of climate change; sustainable and adaptable.
Example
Climate-resilient crops can survive extreme weather conditions.
気候に強い作物は極端な天候にも耐えられます。
B1 noun /ɪkˈsep.ʃən/

Exception

例外
Meaning
a person or thing that is excluded from a general statement or does not follow a rule
Example
Most students passed the exam, with the exception of a few who were absent.
ほとんどの学生は試験に合格しましたが、例外的に数人の欠席者がいました。
B1 adjective /def/

Deaf

耳が聞こえない; 聴覚障害がある
Meaning
unable to hear; having a hearing impairment
Example
The deaf child learned to communicate using sign language.
そのろうの子供は手話を使ってコミュニケーションを学びました。
A2 noun /ˈɡroʊ.sər.i/

grocery

食料品店
Meaning
A store that sells food and household supplies.
Example
She went to the grocery to buy vegetables.
彼女は野菜を買うために食料品店に行きました。
C1 noun /ʌnɪmˈpɔːrtəns/

unimportance

重要でなさ
Meaning
the state or quality of being insignificant or not important
Example
He dismissed the issue with a sense of unimportance.
彼はその問題を重要でないものとして無視した。
A1 verb /stɒp/

stop

止める
Meaning
to cease moving or operating; to halt; to prevent
Example
Please stop talking during the movie.
映画の間に話すのをやめてください。
C2 adjective /ˈnjuː.ɡə.tɔːr.i/

nugatory

無価値
Meaning
Of little or no value; worthless or insignificant.
Example
His efforts were nugatory and did not change the outcome.
彼の努力は無価値で、結果を変えることはなかった。
C2 adjective /prɪˈpɒndərənt/

preponderant

優勢な
Meaning
Having superior weight, force, influence, or importance.
Example
The preponderant influence of the media shapes public opinion.
メディアの優勢な影響は、公共の意見を形成します。
B2 adverb /ˈpʌb.lɪk.li/

Publicly

公然と; 公開で;
Meaning
in a public manner; openly; for everyone to see or know
Example
The company publicly announced their new policy.
その会社は新しい方針を公開で発表しました。
C1 verb ɪˈnɪʃɪeɪtɪd

initiated

開始された
Meaning
Caused a process or action to begin; started something.
Example
The project was initiated to enhance marine biodiversity.
プロジェクトは海洋生物多様性を向上させるために開始されました。
B2 verb /ɪtʃ/

itch

かゆみ
Meaning
to feel an urge to scratch; to have a restless desire
Example
My skin itches from the mosquito bites.
蚊に刺されて肌がかゆいです。
B1 adjective /rɪˈlækst/

relaxed

リラックスした
Meaning
free from tension or stress; calm and comfortable
Example
She felt relaxed after listening to soft music.
柔らかい音楽を聞いて、彼女はリラックスした。
B1 noun /ˈneɪʃən/

nation

国家
Meaning
a large group of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language
Example
The nation celebrated its independence day with pride.
その国は独立記念日を誇りを持って祝いました。
B1 adverb /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪkli/

automatically

自動的に
Meaning
without human control or intervention; done by itself
Example
The door closes automatically after you enter.
ドアは自動的に閉まります。
B2 noun /ˈwɔː.tər pɒt/

Water pot

水差し
Meaning
a container used for storing or carrying water
Example
The water pot in the kitchen was filled with fresh drinking water.
キッチンの水差しは新鮮な飲料水でいっぱいでした。
B2 noun /ˈkɜːr.tə.si/

Courtesy

礼儀; 優雅;
Meaning
the showing of politeness in one's attitude and behavior toward others; a polite gesture or remark
Example
He showed great courtesy by holding the door open for elderly people.
彼は高齢者のためにドアを開けたまま、非常に礼儀正しさを示しました。
B2 adjective /ˈɪnfɪnɪt/

infinite

無限
Meaning
limitless or endless in space, extent, or number
Example
The universe is often described as infinite.
宇宙はしばしば無限だと説明されます。
B1 adverb /ˈsædli/

sadly

悲しそうに
Meaning
in a sorrowful or unhappy manner
Example
She sadly waved goodbye as the train departed.
彼女は電車が出発するとき、悲しそうに手を振った。
B1 noun /ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm/

criticism

批判
Meaning
The expression of disapproval or judgment of the merits of something
Example
The new policy has faced a lot of criticism from the public.
新しい政策は、一般の人々から多くの批判を受けました。
B2 adjective /ɡeɪ/

gay

ゲイ
Meaning
sexually attracted to people of the same sex; also used to mean cheerful or lively
Example
He came out as gay during college.
彼は大学でゲイであることをカミングアウトした。
A1 noun /ˈɑːnti/

aunty

おば
Meaning
the sister of one’s father or mother; a term of respectful address for an older woman, especially in South Asian usage
Example
My aunty lives near our house and often visits us.
私のおばは家の近くに住んでいて、よく私たちを訪ねます。
C2 noun /ˈfɛndər/

fender

フェンダー
Meaning
a part of a vehicle that frames a wheel well to protect against mud or debris
Example
The car's fender was dented in the accident.
車のフェンダーは事故でへこんでしまいました。
B2 noun /ˈteɪbəlˌspun/

tablespoon

テーブルスプーン
Meaning
a spoon used for serving or eating food, typically holding about 15 milliliters
Example
She stirred the soup with a tablespoon.
彼女はテーブルスプーンでスープをかき混ぜました。
C2 verb /ɪˈdjuːs/

educe

引き出す
Meaning
To draw out or bring forth something latent or hidden.
Example
The teacher tried to educe a response from the shy student.
教師は恥ずかしがり屋の生徒から反応を引き出そうとしました。
A1 noun /pɪɡ/

Pig

豚
Meaning
a domestic farm animal with a short curly tail and a flat nose
Example
The farmer fed the pig in the pen.
農場主は豚をペンで育てました。
C1 noun /ˈælkoʊv/

alcove

アルコーブ
Meaning
A small recessed section of a room or a nook.
Example
She placed a reading chair in the alcove near the window.
彼女は窓の近くのアルコーブに読書用の椅子を置きました。
C2 noun /ˌmjuːtəˈbɪləti/

mutablility

変化性（綴り間違い）
Meaning
A misspelled form of 'mutability', meaning the quality of being changeable.
Example
The document contained the misspelled word 'mutablility' instead of 'mutability'.
その文書には 'mutability' の代わりに 'mutablility' の綴り間違いがありました。
C1 noun ˈredʒ.ɪ.strɑːr

registrar

レジストラー
Meaning
An official responsible for keeping records or registers.
Example
The registrar oversees all administrative tasks.
レジストラーはすべての行政業務を監督しています。
A2 noun /ˈɔːtəm/

autumn

秋
Meaning
the season between summer and winter, when leaves fall from trees
Example
The trees look beautiful in autumn, with colorful leaves falling.
木々は秋に美しく見え、カラフルな葉が落ちています。
B2 verb /dɪˈtætʃ/

detach

分離する
Meaning
to separate or remove something from something else
Example
She detached the page from the notebook.
彼女はノートからページを切り離しました。
B2 adjective /ˈdʌsti/

dusty

ほこりっぽい
Meaning
covered with or full of dust; dry and dull from lack of moisture or use
Example
The old bookshelf was dusty after years of neglect.
何年も放置された後、その古い本棚はほこりっぽかった。
B2 verb /ˈdɑːrkən/

darken

暗くする
Meaning
to make or become dark; to reduce brightness or light
Example
The clouds began to darken the sky before the storm.
嵐の前に雲が空を暗くし始めた。
B2 noun /juːˈtɪl.ə.ti/

Utility

効用; 利益; 公共サービス
Meaning
the state of being useful, profitable, or beneficial; a public service
Example
The utility of solar panels increases with rising electricity costs.
電気料金の上昇とともに、太陽光パネルの効用が増加しています。
A2 adjective ˈfɪz.ɪ.kəl

physical

物理的
Meaning
Relating to things perceived through the senses as opposed to the mind; tangible or concrete.
Example
Physical components form the system's base.
物理的なコンポーネントがシステムの基盤を形成します。
B2 adjective /ˈiːtəbl̩/

eatable

食べられる
Meaning
suitable or safe for eating
Example
The berries are not only eatable but also quite tasty.
そのベリーは食べられるだけでなく、かなりおいしいです。
C1 noun ˌsætʃəˈreɪʃən

saturation

飽和
Meaning
The state of being saturated; the degree or extent to which something is dissolved or absorbed
Example
The saturation of the market with similar products reduced sales.
市場に同様の商品が溢れすぎて、販売が減少しました。
C1 adjective /ˈbrɪslɪŋ/

bristling

逆立ちした; エネルギーに満ちた
Meaning
full of energy, anger, or excitement; showing bristles standing up
Example
He entered the room bristling with confidence.
彼は自信満々で部屋に入った。
B2 noun /səbˈskrɪp.ʃən/

Subscription

サブスクリプション
Meaning
a payment for regular delivery of a service or product; an arrangement to receive something regularly
Example
I canceled my Netflix subscription because I wasn't watching it enough.
私はNetflixのサブスクリプションをキャンセルしました。なぜなら、それを十分に見ていなかったからです。
B2 adverb /ˈfɔ:rmoast/

Foremost

最も重要なこと; 何よりもまず
Meaning
most importantly; above all; in the first place
Example
First and foremost, we need to ensure safety.
まず第一に、安全を確保する必要があります。
C1 verb /ɪnˈkɑːrsəreɪt/

incarcerate

投獄する
Meaning
to imprison or confine someone
Example
The authorities incarcerated the criminal after the trial.
当局は裁判後に犯罪者を投獄しました。
C1 noun /ˈmaɪzər/

miser

けちん坊
Meaning
A person who hoards wealth and spends as little money as possible.
Example
The old miser refused to donate even a penny to charity.
その古いけちん坊は慈善団体に1ペニーも寄付することを拒否した。
B2 noun /næˈreɪʃən/

narration

ナレーション
Meaning
The act of telling a story or describing events in detail.
Example
The movie’s narration was done by a famous actor.
映画のナレーションは有名な俳優によって行われました。
B2 adjective ˈtaɪmləs

timeless

時を超越した
Meaning
Not affected by the passage of time or changes in fashion.
Example
The timeless beauty of the painting has captivated art lovers for generations.
その絵画の時を超越した美しさは、世代を超えてアート愛好家を魅了しています。
C2 noun /ˈtɒnʃər/

tonsure

托恩修亞
Meaning
the practice of shaving or cutting the hair on the scalp, especially in a religious context
Example
The monk received his tonsure as part of his religious initiation.
修道士は宗教的な入門儀式の一環としてトンシュアを受けました。
B1 adverb /pəˈlaɪt.li/

Politely

丁寧に;
Meaning
in a respectful and considerate manner; courteously; with good manners
Example
She politely declined the invitation because she had other commitments.
彼女は他の約束があったので、丁寧に招待を断った。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈkɒŋɡruənt/

incongruent

不一致な
Meaning
Not in harmony or keeping with the surroundings or other aspects.
Example
His casual outfit looked incongruent at the formal dinner.
彼のカジュアルな服装は正式なディナーで不一致に見えた。
C1 verb /ˈʃækəl/

shackle

足かせ
Meaning
to chain or restrain; to restrict someone’s actions or freedom
Example
Outdated regulations shackle small businesses and slow innovation.
古い規制は小規模なビジネスを足かせし、革新を遅らせます。
C1 noun /ˈmʌltɪtuːd/

multitude

多数
Meaning
A large number of people or things.
Example
A multitude of fans gathered at the stadium.
スタジアムに多数のファンが集まりました。
C1 adjective /ˈnjʊrəl/

neural

Meaning
Relating to nerves or the nervous system.
Example
Scientists study neural connections in the brain.
C1 noun/verb /tɔːrˈpiːdoʊ/

torpedo

魚雷
Meaning
A self-propelled underwater missile; to attack or destroy something suddenly and forcefully.
Example
The submarine launched a torpedo at the enemy ship.
潜水艦は敵艦に向けてトーピードを発射した。
B1 noun pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.pənts

participants

参加者
Meaning
People who take part in something; those involved in an activity or event.
Example
Participants will enjoy breathtaking views.
参加者は息をのむような景色を楽しむでしょう。
B1 adjective /ˈmɑːrvələs/

Marvellous

素晴らしい; 驚くべき; 素晴らしい
Meaning
extremely good; wonderful; causing great wonder
Example
The view from the mountain was marvellous.
山からの景色は素晴らしかった。
C1 adjective prəˈtræk.tɪd

protracted

長引いた, 延長された
Meaning
Lasting for a long time or longer than expected or usual.
Example
The negotiations were protracted over months.
交渉は数ヶ月続いた。
C1 adjective /ˈsɛnʃuəs/

sensuous

官能的
Meaning
Relating to or affecting the senses rather than the intellect; pleasing to the senses.
Example
The garden was filled with sensuous colors and fragrances.
庭は官能的な色と香りで満たされていた。
C2 noun /ˈkɒn.tɪ.nəns/

continence

禁欲
Meaning
self-restraint, especially regarding bodily functions or desires
Example
He practiced continence to maintain focus on his studies.
彼は学業に集中するために禁欲を実践した。
B2 adverb /ˈpɑrʃəli/

Partially

部分的に; 完全ではない;
Meaning
to some extent; not completely; incompletely
Example
The building was only partially destroyed in the fire.
その建物は火事で部分的に破壊されました。
A1 noun /fruːt/

fruit

果物
Meaning
The sweet and fleshy product of a plant that contains seeds.
Example
Mango is my favorite fruit.
マンゴーは私のお気に入りのフルーツです。
C2 adjective /əˈfɪʃəs/

officious

干渉的な
Meaning
Excessively eager to offer unwanted help or advice; meddlesome.
Example
The officious guard kept interrupting the visitors with unnecessary instructions.
その干渉的な警備員は訪問者に不必要な指示で何度も中断させた。
C1 noun /ˈsɜːrtʃɑːrdʒ/

surcharge

追加料金
Meaning
an additional charge or payment added to the usual cost
Example
The airline ticket had a fuel surcharge added to it.
航空券に燃料サーチャージが追加されていました。
B2 adjective /ˈdæz.lɪŋ/

Dazzling

眩しい; 印象的な
Meaning
extremely bright and impressive; brilliant and stunning
Example
The dazzling lights of the city amazed the tourists.
その都市の眩い光は観光客を驚かせました。
C1 noun /ˌdʒɛr.iˈætrɪks/

geriatrics

老年医学
Meaning
the branch of medicine dealing with the health and care of old people
Example
He specialized in geriatrics to care for the elderly.
彼は高齢者の世話をするために、老年医学を専門にしました。
B2 adjective ɪˈvɒlvɪŋ

evolving

進化する
Meaning
Developing gradually, especially from a simple to a more complex form; changing and developing.
Example
Education plays a role in evolving societal norms.
教育は社会的規範の進化において役割を果たします。
B1 noun /ˈvɔɪ.ɪdʒ/

Voyage

航海; 海上旅行
Meaning
a long journey involving travel by sea or in space
Example
The ship's voyage across the Atlantic took two weeks.
船の大西洋を越える航海は2週間かかりました。
C2 verb /əˈkɒst/

accost

強引に話しかける
Meaning
to approach and speak to someone boldly or aggressively
Example
The reporter was accosted by protesters outside the courthouse.
報道陣は裁判所の外で抗議者にアコストされた。
C1 noun ˈpɑː.sɪŋ

parsing

文の構造解析
Meaning
The process of analyzing sentence structure to understand grammatical relationships.
Example
The AI model performs parsing to understand syntax.
AIモデルは構文解析を行い、構造を理解します。
B2 noun /slɛdʒ/

sledge

そり
Meaning
a vehicle for traveling over snow, often pulled by animals
Example
The children rode a sledge down the snowy hill.
子供たちは雪山をスレッジで滑り降りた。
B2 noun /ˈrɪdəl/

Riddle

謎
Meaning
a question or statement intentionally phrased so as to require ingenuity in ascertaining its answer or meaning; a puzzle
Example
The ancient riddle stumped all the scholars for years.
その古代の謎は何年もの間、すべての学者を困らせました。
B1 noun /rɪˈsep.ʃən/

Reception

歓迎; 受け入れ; イベント;
Meaning
the action of receiving something or someone; a formal social occasion held to welcome someone
Example
The wedding reception was held at a beautiful hotel.
結婚式のレセプションは美しいホテルで行われました。
C2 noun /ˈtʌtʃ.stoʊn/

Touchstone

試金石; 基準
Meaning
a standard or criterion by which something is judged or recognized; a test of genuineness
Example
His honesty became the touchstone by which all other employees were measured.
彼の誠実さは、他のすべての従業員が評価される試金石となった。
C2 verb /ˌfɔːrɔːrˈdeɪn/

foreordain

前もって定める
Meaning
to determine or decree something in advance; to predestine
Example
Some believe that our lives are foreordained by fate.
いくつかの人々は、私たちの人生は運命によって予め定められていると信じています。
C2 noun /ˈbælæst/

ballast

バラスト
Meaning
heavy material used to stabilize a ship or vehicle
Example
The ship was loaded with ballast to remain steady in the storm.
嵐の中で船が安定を保つためにバラストが積まれていました。
A1 noun /ˈdɒktər/

doctor

医者
Meaning
A qualified medical professional who treats illnesses and injuries.
Example
The doctor prescribed medicine for the patient.
医者は患者に薬を処方しました。
B1 verb /əˈdɒpt/

adopt

養子を迎える
Meaning
To take something as your own, such as a child, idea, or method.
Example
They decided to adopt a child from the orphanage.
彼らは孤児院から子供を養子にすることに決めました。
C2 adverb /ˌsʌb ˈroʊzə/

sub rosa

秘密裏に
Meaning
secretly, in confidence, or in private
Example
The deal was made sub rosa to avoid public scrutiny.
取引はサブ ローザで行われ、公衆の監視を避けるためでした。
C1 adjective /rɪˈzɪdjuəl/

residual

残余
Meaning
Remaining after the greater part has gone.
Example
The patient experienced residual pain after the surgery.
患者は手術後に残余の痛みを感じました。
B1 noun /ˈkær.ə.væn/

Caravan

キャラバン
Meaning
a group of people traveling together, especially through desert areas
Example
The merchant caravan crossed the desert with camels carrying precious goods.
商人のキャラバンは、貴重な商品を運ぶラクダと共に砂漠を越えました。
B2 noun /ˈtriː.oʊ/

trio

三人組
Meaning
A group of three people or things, especially in music or performance.
Example
The jazz trio played beautifully at the concert.
ジャズトリオはコンサートで素晴らしい演奏をしました。
B2 adverb /ˈdʌbli/

doubly

二重に
Meaning
in a twofold manner; to twice the degree
Example
She felt doubly fortunate after winning the prize and getting a promotion.
彼女は賞を受賞し、昇進した後、二重に幸運だと感じました。
B2 noun /slʌm/

Slum

スラム街
Meaning
a poor urban area with substandard housing and squalid conditions
Example
The government is working to improve conditions in the slum.
政府はスラムの条件を改善するために取り組んでいます。
C1 adjective ɪnˈsaɪ.sɪv

incisive

鋭い
Meaning
Intelligently analytical and clear-thinking; showing clear thought and good understanding of what is important.
Example
His incisive comments revealed the core issues.
彼の鋭いコメントは核心的な問題を明らかにしました。
C1 noun /ˌæktʃuˈæləti/

actuality

現実
Meaning
The state of existing in reality rather than in appearance or imagination.
Example
The movie was based on historical actuality.
その映画は歴史的な現実に基づいています。
C2 adjective /sɪˈnæp.tɪk/

synaptic

シナプスの
Meaning
Related to the signal transmission process between nerve cells.
Example
Learning strengthens synaptic connections in the brain.
学習は脳内のシナプス接続を強化する。
A1 noun /ˈpɪk.tʃər/

Picture

絵
Meaning
a visual representation such as a painting, drawing, or photograph
Example
There is a beautiful picture hanging on the wall.
壁に美しい絵が掛かっています。
C2 noun /ɪˈlɪziəm/

elysium

エリシウム
Meaning
A place or state of perfect happiness; in Greek mythology, the afterlife paradise.
Example
For her, the garden was a personal elysium.
彼女にとって、その庭は個人的なエリシウムでした。
B1 noun ɪˈnɪʃətɪv

initiative

イニシアティブ
Meaning
An act or strategy intended to resolve a difficulty or improve a situation; a fresh approach to something.
Example
NASA's initiative to return humans to the Moon is ambitious.
NASAの月面への人類を戻すイニシアティブは野心的です。
B2 noun /ˌmɛθəˈdɑlədʒi/

methodology

方法論
Meaning
A system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity.
Example
The research was conducted using a new methodology.
その研究は新しいメソドロジーを使って行われました。
C2 noun /bəˈkuːl/

Bakul

バクルの花
Meaning
a fragrant white flower native to South Asia, scientifically known as Mimusops elengi
Example
The sweet fragrance of bakul flowers filled the evening air in the village.
バクルの花の甘い香りが村の夕方の空気を満たしていた。