C1 adverb /ˈɪnwərdli/

inwardly

内面的に

Meaning

In the mind or spirit; not outwardly visible.

Example

She smiled outwardly but inwardly she was worried.

彼女は外見では微笑んだが、内心では心配していた。

C2 noun /ˌɪn.təˈvɛn.ʃə.nɪ.zəm/

interventionism

介入主義

Meaning

Government policy of active involvement in economic affairs.

Example

The central bank's interventionism helped stabilize inflation.

中央銀行の介入主義はインフレの安定に役立った。

B1 noun /ɪnˈtɛnʃən/

intention

意図

Meaning

A plan, aim, or purpose behind an action.

Example

Her intention was to finish the project before the deadline.

彼女の意図はプロジェクトを締め切り前に終わらせることだった。

B2 adverb /ɪmˈpɔːtəntli/

importantly

重要な方法で

Meaning

in a way that is of great significance or value

Example

Importantly, the report highlights the need for immediate action.

重要な方法で、報告書は即時の行動の必要性を強調しました。

C2 noun /ˈɪn.fɪ.del/

Infidel

異教徒

Meaning

a person who does not believe in religion or whose religious beliefs differ from one's own

Example

In historical contexts, crusaders often referred to their enemies as infidels.

歴史的な文脈では、十字軍はしばしば自分たちの敵を異教徒と呼んでいました。

C1 noun /ɪnˈsɜːrdʒəns/

insurgence

反乱

Meaning

An act of rebellion or uprising against authority.

Example

The government struggled to contain the growing insurgence.

政府は増大する反乱を抑制するのに苦労した。

C1 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈvɜːrsəbl/

irreversible

不可逆な

Meaning

Not able to be undone, changed, or reversed.

Example

The damage caused by the fire was irreversible.

火事によって生じた損害は不可逆でした。

B2 noun /ɪsˈlɑːm/

islam

イスラム教

Meaning

the religion founded by the Prophet Muhammad, based on belief in one God (Allah)

Example

Islam emphasizes peace, justice, and compassion.

イスラム教は平和、正義、そして慈悲を強調します。

B2 noun /ɪnˈkluːʒən/

inclusion

インクルージョン

Meaning

the action or state of including or being included within a group or structure

Example

Diversity and inclusion are key values in modern workplaces.

多様性とインクルージョンは現代の職場における重要な価値観です。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛndiˌɛri/

incendiary

扇動的な / 挑発的な

Meaning

designed to cause fires or stir up conflict

Example

The politician’s incendiary remarks angered the crowd.

政治家の挑発的な発言が群衆を怒らせた。

C1 adverb /ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli/

incidentally

ちなみに

Meaning

by the way; used to introduce a remark not directly related to the main subject

Example

Incidentally, did you know that she studied in Paris?

ちなみに、彼女がパリで勉強していたことを知っていましたか？

C2 adjective /ɪnˈvaɪələbl/

inviolable

侵害できない

Meaning

never to be broken, dishonored, or violated

Example

Human rights are considered inviolable in modern democracies.

人権は現代の民主主義において侵害できないと見なされています。

B2 noun /ˈɪnˌteɪk/

intake

摂取

Meaning

the process of taking something in, especially food or drink

Example

He monitored his daily intake of calories to maintain a healthy diet.

彼は健康的な食事を維持するために毎日のカロリー摂取量を監視しました。

B2 noun /ˌɪntərˈfɪərəns/

interference

干渉

Meaning

the action of interfering with something

Example

The radio signal was disrupted due to interference from nearby electronics.

近くの電子機器からの干渉で、ラジオ信号が途絶えました。

B2 verb /ɪnˈhæbɪt/

inhabit

住む

Meaning

to live in; to occupy as a dwelling

Example

Many animals inhabit the forest.

多くの動物が森に住んでいます。

C1 noun /ˈɪnˌmeɪt/

inmate

囚人

Meaning

a person confined to an institution such as a prison or hospital

Example

The prison has over a thousand inmates.

刑務所には千人以上の囚人がいます。

C2 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈfætɪɡəbl̩/

indefatigable

疲れ知らず

Meaning

persisting tirelessly; incapable of being fatigued

Example

Her indefatigable spirit kept the team motivated during the long project.

彼女の疲れ知らずの精神が、長いプロジェクトを通してチームを励ましました。

C2 adjective /ɪˈmɪsəbl/

immiscible

不混和

Meaning

Describes liquids that do not mix together.

Example

Oil and water are immiscible liquids.

油と水は不混和の液体です。

C1 adjective /ˌɪnɑːrˈtɪkjʊlət/

inarticulate

言葉が不明瞭

Meaning

Unable to express oneself clearly or effectively in speech or writing.

Example

She became inarticulate with emotion during the speech.

彼女はスピーチ中に感情で言葉が不明瞭になった。

C1 adjective /ˈɜːrksəm/

irksome

迷惑的

Meaning

annoying or irritating

Example

Waiting in a long line is one of the most irksome tasks.

長い列に並んでいるのは、最も迷惑な作業の一つです。

B2 noun ˌɪn.stəˈleɪ.ʃən

installation

インストール

Meaning

The action or process of installing someone or something, or of being installed.

Example

The installation of the submarine cable is almost complete.

海底ケーブルのインストールはほぼ完了しています。

C1 noun /ˈɪmɪdʒəri/

imagery

イメージ

Meaning

visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work

Example

The poet's use of imagery brought the scene to life.

詩人のイメージの使用は、シーンに命を吹き込みました。

C2 adjective /ˌɪmpɪˈkjuːniəs/

impecunious

貧乏

Meaning

Having little or no money; poor.

Example

He grew up in an impecunious family.

彼は貧乏な家族で育ちました。

B1 adverb /ˈɪnstəntli/

instantly

すぐに

Meaning

immediately, without any delay

Example

He replied instantly to the message.

彼はすぐにメッセージに返事をした。

C1 noun /ɪnˈdʒʌŋkʃən/

injunction

差止命令

Meaning

A judicial order restraining a person from an action or compelling a certain act.

Example

The court issued an injunction to stop the company from polluting the river.

裁判所は、会社が河川を汚染するのを防ぐために差止命令を出した。

B1 verb ˈɪndɪkeɪts

indicates

示す

Meaning

Point out; show; be a sign or symptom of; suggest as a desirable or necessary course of action.

Example

The rising trend indicates an urgent need for action.

上昇している傾向は、行動が急務であることを示しています。

A1 pronoun /ɪt/

it

それ

Meaning

used to refer to a thing, animal, or idea previously mentioned or easily identified

Example

It is raining outside.

外では雨が降っています。

C2 adjective /ˌɪntərˈlɒkjətəri/

interlocutory

仮の

Meaning

Given during the course of a legal action, not final but temporary or provisional.

Example

The judge issued an interlocutory order to maintain the status quo until the hearing.

裁判官は聴聞会まで現状を維持するために仮の命令を出しました。

C2 noun /ɪnˈvɛktɪv/

invective

侮辱的な言葉

Meaning

Insulting, abusive, or highly critical language.

Example

The politician’s speech was filled with invective against his opponents.

その政治家の演説は、対立候補に対する侮辱的な言葉で満ちていた。

C2 noun /ˌɪnsjəˈlærəti/

insularity

島国性

Meaning

The state of being isolated or narrow-minded.

Example

The insularity of the group prevented them from accepting new ideas.

グループの島国性は新しいアイデアを受け入れることを妨げた。

C1 noun /ˈɪnkjʊˌbeɪtər/

incubator

インキュベーター

Meaning

a device or environment that provides suitable conditions for eggs, cells, or infants to develop

Example

The premature baby was placed in an incubator for care.

未熟児はケアのためにインキュベーターに入れられました。

B1 abbreviation /ˌaɪˈiː/

ie

すなわち

Meaning

That is to say; used to clarify or explain something more precisely.

Example

Many amphibians, i.e., frogs and salamanders, can live both in water and on land.

多くの両生類、すなわちカエルとサラマンダーは、水中と陸上の両方で生きることができます。

C2 noun /ˌɪntərˈsɛsər/

intercessor

仲介者

Meaning

a person who intervenes or pleads on behalf of another

Example

He acted as an intercessor to resolve the conflict between the two families.

彼は二つの家族間の対立を解決するために仲介者として行動しました。

B2 noun /ˈɪntərvəl/

interval

インターバル

Meaning

a period of time between two events or points; a pause or break in activity

Example

There was a short interval between the two performances.

二つの公演の間には短いインターバルがありました。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnkɔːrˈpɔːriəl/

incorporeal

無形

Meaning

lacking a physical body; not composed of matter; intangible

Example

Ghosts are often described as incorporeal beings.

ゴーストはしばしば無形の存在として描かれます。

C1 adjective /ˈɪrɪtəbl/

irritable

Meaning

easily annoyed or made angry

Example

She became irritable after working long hours without rest.

C1 verb /ˈɪtəreɪt/

iterate

反復する

Meaning

To repeat a process or statement, often to improve or refine.

Example

The software team will iterate the design until it meets user needs.

ソフトウェアチームは、ユーザーのニーズを満たすまでデザインを繰り返します。

C2 noun /ˌɪnkrɪˈdjuːləti/

incredulity

不信

Meaning

the state of being unwilling or unable to believe something

Example

She looked at him with incredulity after hearing the strange story.

彼女はその奇妙な話を聞いた後、不信のまなざしで彼を見つめた。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɛn.ɪ.trə.bəl/

impenetrable

Meaning

Impossible to pass through or enter; impossible to understand.

Example

The dense forest was nearly impenetrable.

C1 verb /ɪˈmɔːrtəlaɪz/

immortalize

不朽の

Meaning

to preserve the memory of someone or something forever

Example

The statue was built to immortalize the hero’s sacrifice.

その像は、英雄の犠牲を永遠にするために建てられました。

C1 noun /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/

insignificance

重要でないこと

Meaning

The quality of being unimportant or trivial.

Example

He felt a sense of insignificance in the vast universe.

彼は広大な宇宙で重要でないことを感じました。

B2 adjective /ˌɪntəˈpɜːsənl/

interpersonal

対人

Meaning

Relating to relationships or communication between people.

Example

He has excellent interpersonal skills and gets along well with others.

彼は優れた対人スキルを持っており、他の人とうまくやっていきます。

C2 noun /ˌɪntərˈrɛɡnəm/

interregnum

政権空白期

Meaning

A period between rulers or governments when normal leadership is suspended.

Example

The country faced instability during the interregnum after the king’s death.

国王の死後、国は政権空白期に不安定さに直面した。

C2 noun /ˈɪnroʊd/

inroad

進展

Meaning

An advance or significant progress, often at the expense of something else.

Example

The company made significant inroads into the mobile market.

その会社はモバイル市場で重要な進展を遂げました。

B2 adjective /ˌɪd.iˈɒt.ɪk/

Idiotic

愚か

Meaning

extremely stupid; foolish; senseless

Example

His idiotic behavior embarrassed everyone at the meeting.

彼の愚かな行動は会議でみんなを困らせた。

B2 adjective /ɪˈmædʒ.ɪ.nər.i/

Imaginary

想像上の; 虚構の; 現実でない

Meaning

existing only in imagination; not real; fictional

Example

The child had an imaginary friend who she talked to every day.

その子は毎日話す想像上の友達がいました。

B2 adjective /ˈɪmpæktfʊl/

impactful

インパクトがある

Meaning

Having a major impact or effect; powerful and forceful.

Example

Her impactful speech moved the audience to take action.

彼女のインパクトのあるスピーチは、聴衆を行動に駆り立てた。

C1 adjective; noun /ɪˈmɔːrtl/

immortal

不死の

Meaning

living forever; never dying; lasting forever in fame or memory

Example

Legends often describe heroes as immortal beings who never die.

伝説では英雄は不死の存在だとされる。

B1 noun ɪˈnɪʃətɪvz

initiatives

イニシアティブ

Meaning

Actions or strategies designed to resolve a difficulty or improve a situation; programs or projects.

Example

Community initiatives benefit underprivileged groups.

コミュニティのイニシアティブは恵まれないグループに利益をもたらす。

C2 adjective /ˈɪndələnt/

indolent

怠惰

Meaning

Wanting to avoid activity or exertion; lazy.

Example

The indolent cat slept in the sun all afternoon.

怠惰な猫は午後ずっと太陽の下で寝ていました。

B1 noun ˈɪn.də.stri

industry

産業

Meaning

Economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacture of goods in factories.

Example

The industry focuses on luxury experiences.

産業は高級体験に焦点を合わせています。

C1 adjective /ɪˈlʌstriəs/

illustrious

著名

Meaning

Well known, respected, and admired for past achievements.

Example

She had an illustrious career in medicine.

彼女は医学の分野で著名なキャリアを持っていた。

C2 verb /ɪnˈsɪnəˌreɪt/

incinerate

焼却する

Meaning

to burn something completely until it is reduced to ashes

Example

The city decided to incinerate the medical waste for safety.

その都市は安全のために医療廃棄物を焼却することを決定しました。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈflɛksəbl/

inflexible

柔軟性がない

Meaning

Not able to bend or change; unwilling to change ideas or behavior.

Example

His inflexible attitude made negotiations difficult.

彼の柔軟性がない態度は交渉を難しくしました。

C2 noun /ˌɪmbəˈsɪləti/

imbecility

愚かさ

Meaning

Extreme foolishness, stupidity, or weakness of mind.

Example

The plan was abandoned due to its sheer imbecility.

その計画はその愚かさから放棄されました。

C2 noun /aɪər/

ire

怒り, 激怒

Meaning

intense anger or rage

Example

The new policy provoked the ire of the employees.

新しい政策は従業員の怒りを引き起こした。

B2 adjective /aɪˈrɒnɪk/

ironic

皮肉な、風刺的な

Meaning

happening in the opposite way to what is expected, often amusing or sarcastic

Example

It is ironic that the fire station burned down.

消防署が焼けるのは皮肉です。

C2 noun /ɪnˈtɛɡ.jʊ.mənt/

integument

外皮

Meaning

A natural outer covering, such as skin, shell, or rind.

Example

The snake sheds its integument as it grows.

ヘビは成長するにつれて外皮を脱ぎます。

C1 noun /ɪnˈdɪɡ.nə.ti/

Indignity

屈辱

Meaning

treatment or circumstances that cause one to feel shame or loss of dignity; humiliation

Example

She refused to suffer the indignity of being searched without proper cause.

彼女は正当な理由もなく荷物検査を受けるという屈辱に耐えることを拒んだ。

C1 noun ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl səˈpɔːrt

indispensable support

欠かせないサポート

Meaning

Essential assistance that cannot be done without; absolutely necessary help.

Example

Volunteers provide indispensable support to communities.

ボランティアはコミュニティに欠かせないサポートを提供しています。

B2 noun ɪˈmjuː.nɪ.ti

immunity

免疫力

Meaning

The ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of specific antibodies.

Example

A strong immunity protects against infections.

強い免疫力は感染症から守ります。

C1 adjective /aɪˈdɪlɪk/

idyllic

田園詩のように美しい

Meaning

Like an idyll; extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque.

Example

They enjoyed an idyllic vacation by the sea.

彼らは海辺で田園詩のような休暇を楽しみました。

C1 noun ɪˌræʃ.ənˈæl.ɪ.ti

irrationality

非合理性, 非論理性, 不合理

Meaning

The quality of being illogical or unreasonable; lack of rational thought.

Example

His decision was driven by complete irrationality.

彼の決定は完全に非合理的でした。

C2 verb /ɪnˈtɜːrpəˌleɪt/

interpolate

挿入する

Meaning

To insert something, often words, into a text or conversation; to estimate values between known data points.

Example

The editor interpolated a missing paragraph into the manuscript.

編集者は原稿に欠落した段落を挿入した。

C1 noun /ˈɪnflʌks/

influx

流入

Meaning

A large arrival or flow of people or things.

Example

The city experienced an influx of tourists during the festival.

その都市は祭りの期間中に観光客の流入を経験しました。

C1 adjective /ɪˈmjuː.tə.bəl/

immutable

不変の

Meaning

Unchangeable, permanent, or fixed

Example

The laws of physics are considered immutable.

物理法則は不変と見なされます。

C2 noun /ɪnˈsuːsiəns/

insouciance

無関心

Meaning

Casual lack of concern; indifference.

Example

She carried herself with an air of insouciance, unbothered by the challenges ahead.

彼女は無関心な態度で歩いていた、前にある挑戦を気にせずに。

C2 noun /ɪnˈtɜːrstɪs/

interstice

隙間

Meaning

a small space that lies between things

Example

Light filtered through the narrow interstices of the wall.

光は壁の狭い隙間を通して漏れた。

C1 noun /ˌɪnɪkˈspɪəriəns/

inexperience

未経験

Meaning

Lack of knowledge or skill in a particular activity or field.

Example

His inexperience in handling negotiations was evident.

交渉における彼の未経験は明らかでした。

C2 noun /ˌɪnkənˈɡruːəti/

incongruity

不一致

Meaning

The state of being inconsistent or out of place.

Example

The incongruity of his cheerful mood during the funeral shocked everyone.

葬式の最中に彼の陽気な気分の不一致は、皆を驚かせました。

C2 verb /ɪmˈpjuːt/

impute

帰する

Meaning

to attribute a fault or responsibility to someone

Example

They imputed the company's success to good leadership.

彼らは会社の成功を良いリーダーシップに帰属させた。

A1 preposition/adverb/adjective/noun /ˌɪnˈsaɪd/

inside

幸せ

Meaning

Situated within something; the inner part of something.

Example

She waited inside the house until the rain stopped.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

B1 noun /ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/

ingredient

材料

Meaning

A component part or element of something, especially in a recipe.

Example

Flour is a key ingredient in baking bread.

小麦粉はパン作りにおける重要な材料です。

C1 noun ˌɪn.ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si

inefficiency

非効率

Meaning

The state or quality of not achieving maximum productivity; failure to make the best use of time or resources.

Example

Government inefficiency leads to slow project completion.

政府の非効率性がプロジェクトの完了を遅らせる。

C2 adjective /ɪmˈplaɪəbl/

impliable

暗示可能な

Meaning

Capable of being implied or suggested.

Example

The meaning of the statement is not directly clear but is impliable from the context.

その声明の意味は直接的には明確ではないが、文脈から推測可能である。

A2 verb /ɪnˈkri:s/

increase

増加

Meaning

to become or make something larger in amount, number, or degree

Example

The company plans to increase its production this year.

その会社は今年、生産を増加させる予定です。

C2 verb /ˈɪŋkʌlpeɪt/

inculpate

非難する

Meaning

To blame or accuse someone of wrongdoing.

Example

The evidence seemed to inculpate the suspect in the crime.

証拠は容疑者を犯行に巻き込んでいるように見えた。

B2 noun /ˌaɪ.səˈleɪ.ʃən/

Isolation

隔離

Meaning

the process or fact of isolating or being isolated; separation from other people or things

Example

The patient was kept in isolation to prevent the spread of the infectious disease.

患者は感染症の拡大を防ぐために隔離されました。

B2 noun ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən

innovation

革新

Meaning

The action or process of innovating; a new method, idea, product, etc.

Example

Innovation drives solutions to global challenges.

革新は世界的な課題への解決策を促進します。

C2 adjective /ˌaɪsəʊˈθɜːrməl/

isothermal

等温

Meaning

Having or maintaining equal or constant temperature.

Example

The experiment was conducted under isothermal conditions.

実験は等温条件で行われました。

A2 adjective /ˈɪn.dɔːr/

indoor

屋内の

Meaning

situated, occurring, or used inside a building

Example

Indoor plants can improve air quality at home.

屋内の植物は家の空気の質を改善できます。

C2 adjective /ɪˈmɒdɪst/

immodest

傲慢 / 不適切

Meaning

lacking humility or decency; excessively proud or improper

Example

His immodest remarks offended the audience.

彼の傲慢な発言は観客を不快にさせた。

A2 verb /ɪmˈpruːv/

improve

改善する

Meaning

to make or become better; to enhance quality or condition

Example

Practice helps improve your skills.

練習はあなたのスキルを向上させる手助けをします。

C2 noun /ˈaɪ.lət/

islet

小島

Meaning

A very small island.

Example

The fishermen rested on a tiny islet before continuing their journey.

漁師たちは旅を続ける前に小さな島で休憩しました。

C2 adjective /ɪˈlɪbərəl/

illiberal

非リベラル

Meaning

Opposed to liberal principles; restricting freedom of thought or behavior.

Example

The government was criticized for its illiberal policies.

政府はその非リベラルな政策について批判された。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈfɜːrnəl/

infernal

地獄の

Meaning

relating to hell; extremely troublesome or annoying

Example

The workers complained about the infernal noise from the construction site.

労働者たちは建設現場からの地獄のような騒音について文句を言った。

C2 noun /ˈaɪdɪl/

idyll

田園詩的なシーン

Meaning

An extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque episode or scene, often idealized.

Example

Their honeymoon was an idyll on a tropical island.

彼らのハネムーンは熱帯の島での田園詩的なシーンでした。

C1 noun /ɪmˈpɜː.mə.nəns/

impermanence

無常

Meaning

The state or fact of lasting for only a limited period of time.

Example

The philosophy of Buddhism emphasizes the impermanence of life.

仏教の哲学は、人生の無常性を強調します。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈtɛns/

intense

強烈

Meaning

Of extreme force, degree, or strength.

Example

She felt intense pain after the accident.

事故後、彼女は強烈な痛みを感じました。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈvɪz.ə.bəl/

Invisible

見えない

Meaning

unable to be seen; not visible to the eye

Example

The bacteria are invisible without a microscope.

細菌は顕微鏡なしでは見えません。

C2 verb /ˌɪmpɔːrˈtuːnd/

importuned

しつこく頼む

Meaning

asked someone persistently and pressingly for something

Example

She importuned her boss for a raise until he finally gave in.

彼女は昇給を求めて上司にしつこく頼んだ、彼がとうとう折れたまで。

C2 adjective /ˌaɪdəˈlɑːtrɪəs/

idolatrious

偶像崇拝的な

Meaning

Excessively devoted or reverent towards idols or false gods.

Example

The ancient tribe was known for its idolatrious practices.

その古代の部族は偶像崇拝的な習慣で知られていました。

C2 adjective /ɪmˈperɪʃəbəl/

Imperishable

不滅の; 永遠の; 朽ちない

Meaning

not subject to decay; lasting forever; eternal

Example

The imperishable beauty of classical art continues to inspire generations.

古典芸術の不滅の美しさは、世代を超えてインスピレーションを与え続けています。

C2 verb ˈɪnʌndeɪt

inundate

洪水で満たす、処理すべき事柄や人々で誰かまたは何かを圧倒する

Meaning

To flood; overwhelm someone or something with things or people to be dealt with

Example

The company was inundated with requests after the advertisement.

広告の後、会社はリクエストで圧倒されました。

C1 adjective /ˌɪlɪˈdʒɪtɪmət/

illegitimate

不正

Meaning

Not authorized by law, rules, or standards; not recognized as valid.

Example

The court ruled the contract to be illegitimate.

裁判所は契約が不正であると判断しました。

B2 adjective ˈaɪsəˌleɪtɪd

isolated

孤立した

Meaning

Alone or separated from others; having little or no contact with other people.

Example

Technological advancements often leave people isolated.

技術の進歩はしばしば人々を孤立させる。

C1 noun /ˌɪn.dɪˈsɪʒ.ən/

Indecision

優柔不断; 決断力の欠如; 迷い

Meaning

the inability to make decisions quickly; uncertainty about what to do

Example

Her indecision about which job offer to accept caused her to miss both opportunities.

どの仕事のオファーを受けるかについての優柔不断さが、両方のチャンスを逃す原因となった。

C1 noun /ɪnˈsaɪtmənt/

incitement

扇動

Meaning

the action of provoking unlawful or violent behavior

Example

He was arrested for incitement to riot.

彼は暴動を扇動した罪で逮捕された。

C1 verb /ɪnˈvɜːrt/

invert

逆さにする

Meaning

To turn something upside down or in the opposite position, order, or direction.

Example

He inverted the glass to let the water drain out.

彼は水が流れ出るようにグラスを逆さまにしました。

C1 verb /ɪnˈfleɪt/

inflate

膨らませる；水増しする

Meaning

to fill with air or gas so it expands; to increase excessively or artificially

Example

The mechanic inflated the tire to the correct pressure.

整備士はタイヤを適切な空気圧まで膨らませた。

C2 adjective /ˌɪntəˈrɒɡətəri/

interrogatory

尋問的な

Meaning

expressed in the form of a question; relating to questioning

Example

The lawyer’s interrogatory tone made the witness uncomfortable.

弁護士の尋問的な口調は証人を不快にさせました。

C2 adjective /ˈɪn.dɪ.dʒənt/

indigent

困窮

Meaning

lacking the necessities of life due to poverty; very poor

Example

The hospital offers free care to indigent patients.

病院は困窮した患者に無料でケアを提供しています。

B2 noun /ɪnˈsen.tɪv/

Incentive

インセンティブ; 刺激

Meaning

a thing that motivates or encourages someone to do something; a reward or penalty that influences behavior

Example

The company offered a cash incentive to employees who exceeded their sales targets.

その会社は売上目標を達成した従業員に現金インセンティブを提供しました。

C1 adjective ɪnˈtrɪn.zɪk

intrinsic

内在的, 本質的, 自然な

Meaning

Belonging naturally; essential. Existing as a natural or basic part of something.

Example

Creativity is an intrinsic quality of a great artist.

創造性は偉大なアーティストの内在的な資質です。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈtændʒəbl/

intangible

無形の

Meaning

Unable to be touched or grasped; not having a physical presence.

Example

Trust is an intangible quality in relationships.

信頼は関係において無形の特質です。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈtɜːrmənəbl/

interminable

終わりのない

Meaning

Seemingly endless; having no apparent end.

Example

The meeting felt interminable and exhausting.

会議は終わりのない疲れるもののように感じた。

B2 verb /ɪnˈkwaɪər/

inquire

尋ねる

Meaning

to ask; to investigate

Example

She inquired about the job opening.

彼女は仕事の募集について尋ねました。

C2 adjective /ɪˈnɪmɪkəl/

inimical

敵対的 / 不利な

Meaning

tending to obstruct or harm; unfriendly or hostile

Example

The policy was inimical to the country's economic growth.

その政策は国の経済成長に不利だった。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈkɒntɪnənt/

incontinent

失禁

Meaning

lacking control over urination or defecation; lacking self-restraint

Example

The patient was incontinent after surgery.

手術後、患者は失禁していた。

B2 noun /ɪnˈdʒɛkʃən/

injection

Meaning

the act of introducing a substance into the body through a needle

Example

The nurse gave me an injection to prevent the infection.

B2 verb /ɪnˈstrʌkt/

instruct

指示する

Meaning

to teach; to give directions

Example

The teacher instructed the students carefully.

先生は生徒に注意深く指示しました。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈtrɛpɪd/

intrepid

勇敢な

Meaning

fearless and adventurous, often used humorously

Example

The intrepid traveler explored the jungle alone.

その勇敢な旅行者は一人でジャングルを探検した。

C2 adjective /ˌɪn.trəˈsɛl.jʊ.lər/

intracellular

細胞内

Meaning

Located or occurring within a cell.

Example

The drug works by targeting intracellular bacteria.

薬は細胞内の細菌をターゲットにして作用します。

C2 verb /ˈɪmprɛɡneɪt/

impregnate

妊娠させる / 飽和させる

Meaning

To make pregnant; to fill or saturate with something.

Example

The scientist used a method to impregnate the material with resin.

科学者は樹脂で素材をインプレグネイトする方法を使用しました。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈedəbəl/

Inedible

食べられない

Meaning

not suitable or safe for eating; not edible

Example

The mushrooms were poisonous and completely inedible.

そのキノコは毒性があり、完全に食べられないものでした。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈfekʃəs/

infectious

感染性のある; 伝染する

Meaning

capable of causing infection or disease; spreading easily from one person to another; able to spread feelings or attitudes such as enthusiasm

Example

Her infectious laughter made everyone in the room smile.

彼女の感染力のある笑い声は皆を笑顔にした。

C1 noun /ɪmˌpɜː.sənˈeɪ.ʃən/

impersonation

なりすまし

Meaning

The action of pretending to be another person for the purpose of entertainment or fraud.

Example

Online impersonation is a serious cybercrime.

オンラインでのなりすましは重大なサイバー犯罪です。

C2 adverb /ˌɪnsəʊˈmʌtʃ/

insomuch

これほど

Meaning

to such an extent

Example

He was insomuch tired that he could hardly stand.

彼はあまりにも疲れていて、ほとんど立つことができませんでした。

B2 noun ˌɪn.fləˈmeɪ.ʃən

inflammation

炎症

Meaning

A localized physical condition in which part of the body becomes reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful.

Example

Chronic inflammation can lead to severe diseases.

慢性炎症は重篤な疾患を引き起こす可能性があります。

B1 noun /ˈɪnsɪdənt/

incident

インシデント

Meaning

an event or occurrence, often unpleasant or unusual

Example

The police quickly responded to the incident in the park.

警察は公園でのインシデントに迅速に対応しました。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈseɪʃəbl̩/

insatiable

満たされない

Meaning

impossible to satisfy; always wanting more

Example

Her insatiable curiosity drove her to read every book in the library.

彼女の満たされない好奇心は、図書館のすべての本を読むように彼女を駆り立てた。