C2 noun /ɪmˈpjuːnɪti/

impunity

Meaning

freedom from punishment or harmful consequences for an action

Example

The dictator ruled with impunity, ignoring international laws.

C1 noun /ɪnˈhɛrɪtər/

inheritor

相続人

Meaning

a person who receives money, property, or a title when someone dies

Example

She became the inheritor of her family's estate.

彼女は家族の財産の相続人となった。

C2 noun /ɪnˈtɛnʃən/

intension

内的意味

Meaning

The internal content of a concept; the set of attributes implied by a word or phrase.

Example

The intension of the word 'dog' includes being a mammal and domesticated.

'犬'という言葉のインテンションには哺乳類であり、飼いならされたことが含まれます。

C1 noun /ɪnˈædɪkwəsi/

inadequacy

不十分さ

Meaning

lack of sufficient ability, quality, or strength; a feeling of not being good enough

Example

She struggled with feelings of inadequacy at work despite her strong qualifications.

十分な資格があるにもかかわらず、彼女は職場で不十分さを感じていた。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpjʊər/

Impure

不純

Meaning

contaminated; not clean; mixed with foreign substances

Example

The impure water caused health problems in the village.

不純な水は村で健康問題を引き起こしました。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈvɪz.ə.bəl/

Invisible

見えない

Meaning

unable to be seen; not visible to the eye

Example

The bacteria are invisible without a microscope.

細菌は顕微鏡なしでは見えません。

C1 noun /ɪnˈɛk.wɪ.ti/

inequity

不平等

Meaning

Lack of fairness or justice; unequal distribution or treatment.

Example

Social inequity continues to be a global issue.

社会的不平等は依然としてグローバルな問題です。

A2 noun/verb /ˈɪntrəst/ or /ˈɪntəˌrɛst/

interest

興味 / 利子

Meaning

A feeling of curiosity or concern about something; or money paid for the use of borrowed money.

Example

He showed great interest in learning new languages.

彼は新しい言語を学ぶことに大きな興味を示しました。

C2 adjective /ɪɡˈnoʊ.bəl/

Ignoble

卑劣; 恥ずべき; 不名誉

Meaning

dishonorable; not noble in character; base or mean

Example

His ignoble actions betrayed his friends' trust.

彼の卑劣な行動は友人たちの信頼を裏切った。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnɔːˈspɪʃəs/

Inauspicious

不吉

Meaning

unlucky; showing signs that future success is unlikely; unfavorable

Example

The dark clouds seemed inauspicious for the wedding.

暗い雲は結婚式にとって不吉に思えた。

B2 adjective ˈɪn.tɪ.ɡrəl

integral

不可欠

Meaning

Necessary to make a complete whole; essential or fundamental.

Example

Exercise is an integral part of a healthy lifestyle.

運動は健康的なライフスタイルの不可欠な部分です。

B2 noun ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəlz

intellectuals

知識人

Meaning

People possessing a highly developed intellect; scholars or academics.

Example

Intellectuals protested against the dominance.

知識人は支配に反対した。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈses.ənt/

incessant

絶え間ない

Meaning

Continuing without pause or interruption; constant.

Example

The incessant noise from the construction site made it hard to concentrate.

建設現場からの絶え間ない騒音は集中するのを困難にしました。

C1 verb ɪˈnɔː.ɡjə.reɪ.tɪd

inaugurated

開会

Meaning

Begin or introduce (a system, policy, or period) formally.

Example

The organization was inaugurated officially.

その組織は正式に開会されました。

B2 adjective /ˌɪntərˈmiːdiət/

intermediate

中級

Meaning

Coming between two things in time, place, or order; in the middle level or stage.

Example

She is taking an intermediate-level French course.

彼女は中級のフランス語コースを受講しています。

C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈprəʊtʃəbl̩/

irreproachable

非の打ち所がない

Meaning

Beyond criticism; faultless.

Example

The judge was known for his irreproachable integrity.

その裁判官は非の打ち所がない誠実さで知られていた。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛptɪv/

inceptive

初期の

Meaning

Relating to or marking the beginning or initial stage of something.

Example

The inceptive phase of the project was marked by enthusiastic planning.

プロジェクトの開始段階は熱心な計画で特徴づけられました。

C1 adjective /ˈɪnbɔːrn/

Inborn

生まれつきの; 生来の; 内在的な

Meaning

existing from birth; natural; inherent

Example

She has an inborn talent for music.

彼女は音楽のための生まれつきの才能を持っています。

B1 adjective /ˈɪnəsənt/

Innocent

無実の; 純粋な; 無害な

Meaning

free from guilt or sin; pure; harmless; naive

Example

The innocent child had no idea that her parents were planning a surprise party.

その無実の子供は、両親がサプライズパーティーを計画していることを知りませんでした。

C2 verb /ˌɪmpɔːrˈtuːn/

importune

しつこく頼む

Meaning

To ask someone persistently or pressingly for something

Example

The child importuned his mother for a new toy.

その子供は新しいおもちゃを欲しがって母親にしつこく頼んだ。

B1 adjective /ɪnˈvɑːlvd/

involved

関与した

Meaning

complicated or engaged in something

Example

She was deeply involved in community service.

彼女は地域社会の奉仕活動に深く関与していた。

C1 adjective /ɪˈniː.bri.eɪ.tɪd/

inebriated

酔っ払った

Meaning

under the influence of alcohol; drunk

Example

He stumbled into the room completely inebriated.

彼は完全に酔っ払って部屋に入ってきた。

C1 adverb /ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli/

incidentally

ちなみに

Meaning

by the way; used to introduce a remark not directly related to the main subject

Example

Incidentally, did you know that she studied in Paris?

ちなみに、彼女がパリで勉強していたことを知っていましたか？

C2 noun /ɪnˈsaɪzər/

incisor

切歯

Meaning

a narrow-edged tooth at the front of the mouth, adapted for cutting

Example

The dentist noted that his upper left incisor was chipped.

歯科医は彼の上の左側の切歯が欠けていることに気づきました。

C2 adjective /ɪmˈplækəbl/

implacable

容赦しない

Meaning

unable to be appeased, calmed, or pacified

Example

The soldiers faced an implacable enemy who refused to surrender.

兵士たちは降伏を拒否した容赦しない敵に直面した。

B2 noun, verb /ɪntʃ/

inch

インチ / ゆっくり動く

Meaning

A unit of length equal to 2.54 centimeters; or to move slowly and carefully in small amounts.

Example

She inched closer to the edge of the stage.

彼女はステージの端にゆっくり近づいた。

C2 noun /ˈɪnfəmi/

infamy

幸福

Meaning

the state of being well known for some bad quality or deed

Example

His name will live in infamy for the crimes he committed.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸福を隠すことができなかった。

B2 adjective, noun /ˌɪn.təlˈɛk.tʃu.əl/

intellectual

知的な

Meaning

Relating to the intellect; a person who engages in critical thinking and study.

Example

She enjoys intellectual discussions about philosophy.

彼女は哲学についての知的な議論を楽しんでいます。

C1 noun /ˈɪn.fən.tri/

Infantry

歩兵

Meaning

soldiers marching or fighting on foot; foot soldiers collectively

Example

The infantry advanced across the battlefield on foot.

歩兵は戦場を徒歩で進んだ。

A1 preposition /ɪn/

in

中

Meaning

expressing the situation of being enclosed or surrounded by something

Example

She is in the kitchen preparing dinner.

彼女は台所で夕食を準備している。

C2 adjective /ˈɪn.dɪ.dʒənt/

indigent

困窮

Meaning

lacking the necessities of life due to poverty; very poor

Example

The hospital offers free care to indigent patients.

病院は困窮した患者に無料でケアを提供しています。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnkɔːrˈpɔːriəl/

incorporeal

無形

Meaning

lacking a physical body; not composed of matter; intangible

Example

Ghosts are often described as incorporeal beings.

ゴーストはしばしば無形の存在として描かれます。

C1 noun ɪˌræʃ.ənˈæl.ɪ.ti

irrationality

非合理性, 非論理性, 不合理

Meaning

The quality of being illogical or unreasonable; lack of rational thought.

Example

His decision was driven by complete irrationality.

彼の決定は完全に非合理的でした。

C1 noun /ɪmˌpɜː.sənˈeɪ.ʃən/

impersonation

なりすまし

Meaning

The action of pretending to be another person for the purpose of entertainment or fraud.

Example

Online impersonation is a serious cybercrime.

オンラインでのなりすましは重大なサイバー犯罪です。

B2 noun ˌɪn.fləˈmeɪ.ʃən

inflammation

炎症

Meaning

A localized physical condition in which part of the body becomes reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful.

Example

Chronic inflammation can lead to severe diseases.

慢性炎症は重篤な疾患を引き起こす可能性があります。

B2 adjective ˈɪn.tɪ.ɡreɪ.tɪd

integrated

統合された

Meaning

Combining or coordinating separate elements so as to provide a harmonious, interrelated whole.

Example

Integrated systems optimize efficiency.

統合されたシステムは効率を最適化します。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɛndɪŋ/

impending

差し迫った

Meaning

about to happen soon, usually something unpleasant or threatening

Example

The villagers were worried about the impending flood.

村人たちは差し迫った洪水を心配していた。

C2 noun /ɪnˈsɪɡniə/

insignia

徽章

Meaning

A badge or symbol that shows rank, position, or membership.

Example

The soldier proudly wore the insignia of his regiment.

兵士は誇らしげに自分の連隊の徽章を身に着けていました。

C1 adjective /aɪˈdɪlɪk/

idyllic

田園詩のように美しい

Meaning

Like an idyll; extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque.

Example

They enjoyed an idyllic vacation by the sea.

彼らは海辺で田園詩のような休暇を楽しみました。

B1 adverb /ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli/

increasingly

ますます

Meaning

more and more over time

Example

People are increasingly concerned about climate change.

人々は気候変動についてますます懸念しています。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈstrʌkʃənəl/

instructional

教育的な

Meaning

providing knowledge or information; intended to teach

Example

The website offers many instructional videos for beginners.

このウェブサイトは初心者向けに多くの教育的なビデオを提供しています。

B2 adjective ˈaɪsəˌleɪtɪd

isolated

孤立した

Meaning

Alone or separated from others; having little or no contact with other people.

Example

Technological advancements often leave people isolated.

技術の進歩はしばしば人々を孤立させる。

B2 adjective ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs

indigenous

先住民の

Meaning

Originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native.

Example

Indigenous plants are well adapted to the local environment.

先住民の植物は地元の環境にうまく適応しています。

C2 adjective /ˈɪnˌbrɛd/

inbred

生まれつき

Meaning

existing naturally in a person or animal; also related to reproduction within a limited community

Example

He has an inbred sense of loyalty.

彼には生まれつきの忠誠心があります。

C2 noun /ˈɪndɪkənt/

indicant

指標

Meaning

Something that indicates or points to a fact or condition.

Example

High fever is often an indicant of infection.

高熱はしばしば感染の指標となります。

C2 adjective /ˌaɪdəˈlɑːtrɪəs/

idolatrious

偶像崇拝的な

Meaning

Excessively devoted or reverent towards idols or false gods.

Example

The ancient tribe was known for its idolatrious practices.

その古代の部族は偶像崇拝的な習慣で知られていました。

A2 noun /ˈɪnfoʊ/

info

情報

Meaning

information; knowledge or facts about something or someone

Example

She gave me all the info I needed for the meeting.

彼女は会議に必要なすべての情報を私にくれました。

C1 verb /ɪnˈterəˌɡeɪt/

interrogate

尋問する

Meaning

to ask someone questions in a thorough and formal way; to question intensively

Example

The police interrogated the suspect for hours.

警察は容疑者を何時間も尋問した。

C1 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈvɜːrsəbl/

irreversible

不可逆な

Meaning

Not able to be undone, changed, or reversed.

Example

The damage caused by the fire was irreversible.

火事によって生じた損害は不可逆でした。

C2 noun /ɪˈluːmɪnənt/

illuminant

光源

Meaning

A substance or device that produces light.

Example

The lamp acted as an illuminant in the dark cave.

ランプは暗い洞窟で光源として機能しました。

C2 adjective /ɪnhɑːrˈmoʊniəs/

Inharmonious

不協和音

Meaning

lacking harmony; discordant in sound; not in tune

Example

The inharmonious sounds from the broken piano made everyone cover their ears.

壊れたピアノからの不協和音がみんなを耳をふさがせました。

C2 adjective /ˈɪm.pi.əs/

Impious

不敬な; 冒涜的

Meaning

irreligious; lacking reverence for religion; blasphemous

Example

The impious act shocked the religious community.

不敬な行為は宗教コミュニティを驚かせました。

A2 noun /ˌɪn.trəˈdʌk.ʃən/

introduction

紹介

Meaning

the action of introducing something or someone; an opening or beginning part

Example

The professor gave a brief introduction before starting the lecture.

教授は講義を始める前に簡単なイントロダクションをしました。

C1 adjective /ɪˈnɜːrt/

inert

不活性

Meaning

lacking the ability or strength to move or act; chemically inactive

Example

The patient remained inert on the bed.

患者はベッドで動かずにじっとしていました。

C2 adjective ˌɪm.pəˈtɜː.bə.bəl

imperturbable

冷静沈着

Meaning

Unable to be upset or excited; not easily disturbed.

Example

His imperturbable nature made him a great leader.

彼の冷静沈着な性格は、彼を偉大なリーダーにした。

C1 noun /ɪˈreləvəns/

irrelevance

無関係性

Meaning

the quality of not being connected to or important for a particular matter; lack of significance

Example

His long explanation only highlighted the irrelevance of the details to the main issue.

彼の長い説明は、細部が主な問題と無関係であることを強調しただけだった。

C1 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈskjuːzəbl/

inexcusable

許しがたい

Meaning

Too bad to be justified or overlooked; unforgivable.

Example

His rude behavior was inexcusable.

彼の無礼な行動は許しがたいものでした。

C1 noun /ˈɪd.i.əm/

idiom

イディオム

Meaning

A group of words whose meaning is different from the meanings of the individual words.

Example

The idiom 'break the ice' means to start a conversation in a friendly way.

イディオム '氷を破る' は、友好的な方法で会話を始めることを意味します。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrtɪnənt/

impertinent

無礼な

Meaning

rude and showing a lack of respect

Example

It was impertinent of him to question the manager's decision.

マネージャーの決定に疑問を呈するのは無礼でした。

C1 verb /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənəlaɪz/

institutionalize

制度化する

Meaning

to establish something as a formal institution, custom, or practice

Example

The government seeks to institutionalize environmental protection.

政府は環境保護を制度化しようとしています。

C1 noun /ˈɪntərˌpleɪ/

interplay

相互作用

Meaning

The way in which two or more things have an effect on each other.

Example

The interplay between culture and technology shapes modern life.

文化と技術の相互作用が現代生活を形作っています。

C1 verb /ˈɪmprəvaɪz/

improvise

Meaning

To create or perform something spontaneously without preparation.

Example

The actor had to improvise his lines when he forgot the script.

B1 verb ˈɪndɪkeɪts

indicates

示す

Meaning

Point out; show; be a sign or symptom of; suggest as a desirable or necessary course of action.

Example

The rising trend indicates an urgent need for action.

上昇している傾向は、行動が急務であることを示しています。

B2 noun /ˌɪntəˈrʌpʃən/

interruption

中断

Meaning

the act of stopping or breaking the continuity of something; a pause caused by an external action

Example

The meeting was delayed due to an unexpected interruption.

予期しない中断のため会議は遅れた。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈspiːdiənt/

inexpedient

不適切

Meaning

Not advisable, suitable, or practical in the circumstances.

Example

It would be inexpedient to invest without proper research.

適切な調査なしで投資することは不適切です。

C2 noun /ɪnˈkɒnstənsi/

inconstancy

不安定さ

Meaning

The quality of changing frequently or being unreliable.

Example

The inconstancy of the weather makes planning difficult.

天候の不安定さが計画を難しくします。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈsuːpərəbl/

insuperable

克服できない

Meaning

Impossible to overcome or surpass.

Example

The team faced insuperable challenges during the expedition.

チームは遠征中に克服できない課題に直面しました。

C2 noun /ˌɪnsəˈrɛkʃən/

insurrection

反乱

Meaning

A violent uprising against an authority or government.

Example

The army was called in to suppress the insurrection.

軍隊は反乱を鎮圧するために呼ばれました。

C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈmiːdiəbl̩/

irremediable

修復不可能

Meaning

Impossible to cure, repair, or remedy.

Example

The damage to the ancient manuscript was irremediable.

古代の写本への損傷は修復不可能でした。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈtræk.tə.bəl/

intractable

管理不能

Meaning

Difficult or impossible to manage, control, or solve.

Example

The conflict has become an intractable problem.

その対立は管理不能な問題になった。

A2 verb /ɪˈmædʒɪn/

imagine

想像する

Meaning

to form a mental image of; to believe something unreal to be true

Example

Can you imagine living in a different country?

あなたは違う国に住むことを想像できますか？

C2 adverb /ˈɪntʃmiːl/

inchmeal

少しずつ

Meaning

Gradually, little by little.

Example

The old castle fell inchmeal into ruin.

その古い城は少しずつ廃墟になった。

C1 noun ˌɪn.toʊˈneɪ.ʃən

intonation

イントネーション

Meaning

The rise and fall of tone in speech and pronunciation.

Example

Proper intonation enhances the clarity of a speech.

適切なイントネーションはスピーチの明確さを高めます。

C2 verb /ˈɪntərˌdɪkt/

interdict

禁じる

Meaning

to prohibit or forbid something by authoritative order, often by law or decree

Example

The court moved to interdict the sale of the illegal goods.

裁判所は違法な商品の販売を禁じることを決定しました。

B2 noun /ɪnˈdʌstriəl ˌrɛvəˈluːʃən/

Industrial Revolution

産業革命

Meaning

The rapid development of industry that occurred in Britain in the late 18th and 19th centuries, brought about by the introduction of machinery and characterized by the use of steam power and the growth of factories.

Example

The Industrial Revolution marked a shift in production processes.

産業革命は生産プロセスにおける変化を示しました。

B2 adjective /ˈaɪ.dəl/

Idle

怠惰な; 非活動的な; 使われていない

Meaning

lazy; inactive; not working or being used

Example

The factory workers were idle during the strike.

工場の労働者はストライキ中に暇だった。

B2 noun /ˈɪnˌsaɪt/

insight

洞察力

Meaning

The ability to understand the true nature of something; deep understanding.

Example

Her insight into human behavior made her a successful psychologist.

彼女の人間行動に対する洞察力は、彼女を成功した心理学者にした。

B1 verb /ɪmˈprɛs/

impress

感動させる

Meaning

to cause someone to feel admiration or respect

Example

Her speech managed to impress the audience.

彼女のスピーチは聴衆を感動させました。

B2 noun ˈɪn.deks

index

インデックス

Meaning

An alphabetical list of names, subjects, etc. with references to the places where they occur, typically found at the end of a book; a sign or measure of something.

Example

An index organizes critical data.

インデックスは重要なデータを整理します。

C1 adjective ˈɪn.lənd

Inland

内陸

Meaning

Situated in the interior of a country; away from the coast.

Example

Inland transport boosts local trade.

内陸輸送は地元の貿易を促進します。

A2 verb /ɪnˈkri:s/

increase

増加

Meaning

to become or make something larger in amount, number, or degree

Example

The company plans to increase its production this year.

その会社は今年、生産を増加させる予定です。

C1 adverb ɪnˈtrɪn.zɪ.kli

intrinsically

本質的に

Meaning

In a way that is naturally or inherently part of something's essential nature.

Example

Some people are intrinsically motivated to learn.

いくつかの人々は本質的に学ぶことに動機づけられている。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈkoʊətɪv/

inchoative

初期の

Meaning

relating to the beginning of something; in an initial stage

Example

The poet used inchoative expressions to depict the dawn of creation.

詩人は創造の夜明けを描くために初期の表現を使いました。

C1 adjective /ɪˈluː.sɪv/

Illusive

幻想的な; 存在しているように見えるが実際には存在しない; 騙すような

Meaning

deceptive; appearing to exist but not real; misleading

Example

The promise of easy money proved to be illusive and misleading.

簡単なお金の約束は幻想的であり、誤解を招くものでした。

C2 noun /ɪnˈɡrætɪˌtjuːd/

ingratitude

恩知らず

Meaning

Lack of gratitude; failure to show thanks or appreciation.

Example

His ingratitude hurt her feelings after all she had done for him.

彼の恩知らずは、彼女が彼のために多くのことをした後、彼女の気持ちを傷つけた。

C2 noun /ˌɪn.ɪˈbraɪ.ə.ti/

inebriety

酩酊

Meaning

the state of being drunk or intoxicated

Example

His frequent inebriety led to the loss of his job.

彼の頻繁な酩酊は仕事を失う原因となった。

B2 verb /ˈɪmɪteɪt/

imitate

真似る

Meaning

to copy the behavior or manner of someone or something

Example

Children often imitate their parents' behavior.

子供たちはしばしば親の行動を真似します。

C2 noun /ɪˈrɛvərəns/

irreverence

不敬

Meaning

a lack of respect for people or things that are generally taken seriously

Example

His jokes about religion showed irreverence to the sacred traditions.

宗教についての彼の冗談は、神聖な伝統に対する不敬を示していました。

B2 noun /ˈɪn.flu.ən.sər/

Influencer

インフルエンサー, 商品を勧める人

Meaning

A person with the ability to influence potential buyers of a product or service by promoting or recommending the items on social media.

Example

Social media influencers shape consumer preferences.

ソーシャルメディアのインフルエンサーは消費者の好みを形作っています。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈvʌlnərəbl/

invulnerable

無敵

Meaning

Impossible to harm, damage, or defeat.

Example

The fortress was thought to be invulnerable to attack.

その要塞は攻撃に対して無敵だと考えられていた。

C1 adjective /ˌɪn.ɪˈfɛk.tʃu.əl/

ineffectual

効果がない

Meaning

Not producing any or the desired effect; lacking the ability or qualities to achieve a purpose.

Example

The manager’s ineffectual leadership caused the team to lose motivation.

マネージャーの効果がないリーダーシップは、チームがモチベーションを失う原因となった。

C1 verb /ˌɪn.trəˈspekt/

introspect

内省する

Meaning

To examine one's own thoughts, feelings, or mental state.

Example

He often introspects before making important decisions.

彼は重要な決定を下す前にしばしば自己分析をします。

A2 noun /ˈɪʃ.uːz/

issues

問題

Meaning

Important topics or problems for debate or discussion.

Example

Health issues from pollution are increasing.

汚染による健康問題が増加しています。

A2 noun, verb /ˈɪʃuː/

issue

問題, 発行, 配布

Meaning

A problem, topic, or the act of supplying or distributing something.

Example

The magazine will issue a new edition next week.

雑誌は来週新しい版を発行します。

C2 noun /ˌɪnvəˈlɪdɪti/

invalidity

無効性

Meaning

the state of being invalid, legally void, or lacking force or validity

Example

The court ruled that the contract suffered from invalidity.

裁判所はその契約に無効性があると判断した。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnkəˈməʊdiəs/

incommodious

不快な

Meaning

Uncomfortably small, cramped, or inconvenient.

Example

We had to stay in an incommodious room during the trip.

旅行中に不快な部屋に泊まらなければなりませんでした。

C1 noun /ˈɪnflʌks/

influx

流入

Meaning

A large arrival or flow of people or things.

Example

The city experienced an influx of tourists during the festival.

その都市は祭りの期間中に観光客の流入を経験しました。

C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈvɪzəbl/

indivisible

Meaning

Not able to be divided or separated.

Example

The country's unity was indivisible despite differences.

B2 adjective /ɪnˈkeɪpəbəl/

incapable

無能力な

Meaning

lacking the ability, skill, or capacity to do something

Example

He is incapable of understanding complex instructions.

彼は複雑な指示を理解できない。

C1 adjective /ˈɪnfəməs/

infamous

悪名高い

Meaning

well known for some bad quality or deed

Example

The dictator was infamous for his cruelty.

その独裁者はその残虐さで悪名高かった。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnfɪnɪˈtɛsɪməl/

infinitesimal

微細な

Meaning

Extremely small in size or amount; so tiny as to be almost negligible.

Example

The error was so infinitesimal that it didn’t affect the results.

そのエラーは非常に微細で、結果に影響を与えることはありませんでした。

C1 adjective /ɪˈnuːmərəbəl/

Innumerable

無数; 数えきれない; 無限

Meaning

too many to be counted; countless; infinite in number

Example

There are innumerable stars in the night sky that we cannot see with our naked eyes.

夜空には数えきれない星があり、私たちは裸眼では見ることができません。

C2 noun /ɪkˈsɔːr.ə/

Ixora

イクソラ

Meaning

a tropical flowering shrub with clusters of small bright red, orange, or yellow flowers

Example

The bright red ixora bushes lined the pathway to the tropical garden.

明るい赤いイクソラの低木が熱帯庭園への小道を囲んでいました。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈflæməˌtɔːri/

inflammatory

幸せ

Meaning

causing inflammation in the body; arousing anger, hostility, or strong emotion

Example

His inflammatory speech triggered protests across the city.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せそうな表情を隠せなかった。

B2 adjective /ɪmˈprɒp.ər/

Improper

不適切な; 不正確な; 不適当な

Meaning

inappropriate; incorrect; not suitable

Example

It would be improper to discuss personal matters in a business meeting.

ビジネス会議で個人的な事柄を議論するのは不適切です。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈtræn.sɪ.dʒənt/

intransigent

頑固な, 譲らない, 固執した

Meaning

Unwilling or refusing to change one's views or to agree about something.

Example

His intransigent stance delayed the agreement.

彼の頑固な態度が合意を遅らせました。

C2 noun /ˈaɪ.səˌbɑːr/

isobar

等圧線

Meaning

A line on a weather map connecting points of equal atmospheric pressure.

Example

The meteorologist explained how isobars indicate wind speed and direction.

気象学者は、等圧線が風速と風向きを示す方法を説明しました。

C2 adjective /ɪmˈpruːdənt/

imprudent

不注意な

Meaning

Not showing care for the consequences of an action.

Example

It was imprudent to drive in such stormy weather.

こんな嵐の天気で運転するのは不注意だった。

B2 verb /ɪmˈpoʊz/

impose

課す

Meaning

to force someone to accept something; to establish or apply by authority

Example

The government imposed new taxes on luxury goods.

政府は高級品に新しい税を課した。

B1 verb /ɪnˈvɛs.tɪ.ɡeɪt/

investigate

調査する

Meaning

to carry out a systematic inquiry to discover facts or information

Example

The police will investigate the incident thoroughly.

警察は事件を徹底的に調査するでしょう。

C2 adjective /ˌɪɡ.nəˈmɪn.i.əs/

ignominious

不名誉な

Meaning

Marked by shame, disgrace, or humiliation.

Example

The team suffered an ignominious defeat in the finals.

チームは決勝で不名誉な敗北を喫した。

B1 verb /ɪnˈkriːst/

increased

増加した

Meaning

became greater in size, amount, or degree

Example

The company's revenue increased last year.

会社の収益は昨年増加しました。

C2 noun /ɪmˈpɒs.tʃər/

Imposture

偽装; 詐欺; 虚偽

Meaning

the practice of deceiving others by pretending to be someone else; fraudulent deception

Example

The elaborate imposture lasted for months before investigators uncovered the truth.

その精巧な詐欺は数ヶ月続き、調査員が真実を明らかにするまで続いた。

B1 noun ɪˈnɪʃətɪv

initiative

イニシアティブ

Meaning

An act or strategy intended to resolve a difficulty or improve a situation; a fresh approach to something.

Example

NASA's initiative to return humans to the Moon is ambitious.

NASAの月面への人類を戻すイニシアティブは野心的です。

C2 noun /ˌɪmprəˈpraɪəti/

impropriety

不正行為

Meaning

Failure to observe standards of honesty or modesty; improper behavior.

Example

The politician was accused of financial impropriety.

その政治家は財政的不正行為で告発されました。

C2 noun /ˈaɪ.lət/

islet

小島

Meaning

A very small island.

Example

The fishermen rested on a tiny islet before continuing their journey.

漁師たちは旅を続ける前に小さな島で休憩しました。

C1 adjective /ˈɜːrksəm/

irksome

迷惑的

Meaning

annoying or irritating

Example

Waiting in a long line is one of the most irksome tasks.

長い列に並んでいるのは、最も迷惑な作業の一つです。

C2 adjective /ˈɪnfəntaɪl/

infantile

幼稚な

Meaning

characteristic of an infant; childish

Example

His infantile behavior embarrassed everyone at the meeting.

彼の幼稚な行動は会議でみんなを困らせた。

C1 noun /ˌɪn.dɪˈsɪʒ.ən/

Indecision

優柔不断; 決断力の欠如; 迷い

Meaning

the inability to make decisions quickly; uncertainty about what to do

Example

Her indecision about which job offer to accept caused her to miss both opportunities.

どの仕事のオファーを受けるかについての優柔不断さが、両方のチャンスを逃す原因となった。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʒʊəriəs/

injurious

有害な

Meaning

Causing or likely to cause harm or damage.

Example

Smoking is injurious to health.

喫煙は健康に有害です。

C2 verb /ˌɪntərˈsiːd/

intercede

Meaning

to act or plead on behalf of someone in difficulty or trouble; to intervene between parties to help resolve a dispute

Example

She interceded with the teacher to give her brother another chance.