B2 adjective /ɪmˈpɪəriəl/

imperial

帝国の

Meaning

Relating to an empire or emperor; having supreme authority.

Example

The imperial palace was a symbol of the emperor's power.

インペリアル宮殿は皇帝の力の象徴でした。

B2 noun /ˈkæʒ.u.əl.ti/

Casualty

犠牲者; 負傷者; 損失

Meaning

a person killed or injured in a war or accident; a victim of circumstances

Example

The hospital treated many casualties from the car accident.

病院は車の事故からの多くの負傷者を治療しました。

C1 verb /əˈluːd/

allude

ほのめかす

Meaning

To refer to something indirectly or casually.

Example

The professor alluded to Shakespeare during the lecture.

教授は講義中にシェイクスピアに言及した。

B1 verb /trænsˈleɪt/

translate

翻訳する

Meaning

to express words or text in another language

Example

She can translate five languages.

彼女は五カ国語を翻訳できます。

C1 noun /draɪ fɪʃ/

Dry fish

干物

Meaning

fish that has been preserved by drying in the sun or by other dehydration methods

Example

Dry fish is a popular preserved food in many coastal regions.

干物は多くの沿岸地域で人気のある保存食です。

B1 noun /ʌnˈhæp.i.nəs/

unhappiness

不幸

Meaning

the state of being unhappy; sadness or dissatisfaction

Example

Her constant unhappiness affected everyone around her.

彼女の絶え間ない不幸は周囲の人々に影響を与えた。

C2 adjective /ˈhaɪndmoʊst/

hindmost

最も後ろの

Meaning

Farthest back; last in position.

Example

The hindmost car in the convoy broke down first.

隊列で最も後ろの車が最初に壊れた。

B2 adjective /ˈprɛf(ə)rəb(ə)l/

preferable

好ましい

Meaning

more desirable or suitable; better than something else

Example

It is preferable to take the train rather than drive in heavy traffic.

渋滞時には車を運転するより、電車を利用する方が好ましい。

A2 noun ˈbæl.əns

balance

バランス

Meaning

A condition in which different elements are equal or in the correct proportions.

Example

Balance among powers prevents conflicts.

権力のバランスは対立を防ぎます。

C1 verb /dɪˈfrɔːd/

defraud

詐欺

Meaning

to illegally take money or valuables from someone by deception

Example

The company was accused of trying to defraud investors.

その会社は投資家をだまそうとしたとして告発されました。

A2 adjective /ˈæfrɪkən/

african

アフリカの

Meaning

relating to Africa or its people

Example

She studied African culture in university.

彼女は大学でアフリカの文化を学びました。

A1 adjective /bɪɡ/

big

大きい

Meaning

large in size, extent, or importance

Example

They moved into a big house with plenty of space.

彼らは広いスペースのある大きな家に引っ越しました。

C1 adjective /koʊˈɜːrsɪv/

coercive

強制的

Meaning

Relating to or using force or threats to make someone do something.

Example

The government faced criticism for adopting coercive measures against protestors.

政府は抗議者に対して強制的な措置を取ったことで批判を受けた。

B1 noun ˈplæt.fɔːrmz

platforms

プラットフォーム、ソフトウェアまたはハードウェア環境

Meaning

Computing environments where software applications can be developed and run.

Example

Different platforms offer diverse digital solutions.

さまざまなプラットフォームが多様なデジタルソリューションを提供しています。

C1 noun /ˈmaɪkrəʊˌklaɪmæt/

microclimate

ミクロクライメート

Meaning

The climate of a small, specific area that may differ from the general climate of the surrounding region, often influenced by local factors like terrain, vegetation, or buildings.

Example

A microclimate can have a significant impact on plant growth.

マイクロクライメートは植物の成長に重要な影響を与える可能性があります。

C2 adjective /ˈdɔːnt.ləs/

dauntless

無敵の、勇敢な、決然とした

Meaning

Showing fearlessness and determination; brave and resolute.

Example

The dauntless soldier fought against all odds.

無敵の兵士はすべての困難に立ち向かった。

C1 adjective kənˈten.ʃəs

contentious

論争のある

Meaning

Causing or likely to cause an argument; controversial.

Example

The contentious issue divided global leaders.

その論争的な問題は、世界のリーダーたちを分裂させました。

C2 noun /fəˈlɪsɪti/

felicity

幸福

Meaning

intense happiness; the ability to find appropriate expression for one's thoughts

Example

She was known for her felicity in conversation and cheerful nature.

彼女は会話の中での幸福と明るい性格で知られていました。

B2 adverb /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/

essentially

本質的に

Meaning

Used to emphasize the basic or fundamental nature of something.

Example

The two plans are essentially the same.

その2つの計画は本質的に同じです。

B2 adjective /ˈsɜːdʒɪkəl/

surgical

外科手術に関連する

Meaning

relating to or involving surgery

Example

She underwent surgical treatment to repair the damage.

彼女は損傷を修復するために外科的治療を受けました。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈsprɛsəbl/

inexpressible

言葉では表現できない

Meaning

Too strong or extreme to be expressed in words.

Example

She felt inexpressible joy at the news of her success.

彼女は成功の知らせを聞いて言葉では表現できない喜びを感じた。

C1 adjective /rɪˈtæl.i.ə.tɔːr.i/

retaliatory

報復的

Meaning

Taking action in response to another's action, characterized as punitive, revengeful, or counteractive.

Example

The country imposed retaliatory tariffs in response to trade sanctions.

その国は貿易制裁に対して報復的な関税を課しました。

C1 adjective ˌæv.ɒ̃ˈɡɑːd

avant-garde

前衛的

Meaning

New and experimental; characterized by departure from or rejection of accepted standards.

Example

Avant-garde designs redefine the dining experience.

アヴァン・ガルドデザインはダイニング体験を再定義します。

B2 verb /ˌoʊvərˈpeɪ/

overpay

過剰に支払う

Meaning

To pay more than is necessary or reasonable.

Example

She realized she had overpaid for the concert tickets.

彼女はコンサートのチケットに多く支払ったことに気づきました。

B1 adjective /ˈwɪl.ɪŋ/

Willing

意欲がある; 準備ができている

Meaning

ready, eager, or prepared to do something

Example

She is willing to help with the project.

彼女はプロジェクトを手伝う準備ができています。

B2 adjective /rɪˈlaɪ.ənt/

reliant

依存している

Meaning

depending on someone or something for support

Example

The country is too reliant on imported goods.

その国は輸入品に依存しすぎている。

C1 noun /ɡaɪz/

guise

仮装

Meaning

An external form, appearance, or manner of presentation, often hiding the true nature

Example

He approached in the guise of a friend.

彼は友達の仮装で近づいてきた。

A2 noun /ˈælbəm/

album

アルバム

Meaning

A collection of songs or photographs compiled into a single book, record, or digital file.

Example

She showed me her travel album full of beautiful pictures.

彼女は美しい写真がいっぱいの旅行アルバムを見せてくれました。

C1 noun /stɛntʃ/

stench

悪臭

Meaning

A very strong and unpleasant smell.

Example

The stench of garbage filled the alley.

ゴミの臭いが路地を満たした。

C1 noun ˈdaɪ.nə.sti

dynasty

王朝

Meaning

A line of hereditary rulers of a country; a succession of people from the same family who play a prominent role in business, politics, or another field.

Example

The Ming dynasty ruled China for centuries.

明王朝は何世紀にもわたって中国を支配していました。

B2 noun /ɪnˈspekʃən/

inspection

検査

Meaning

a careful examination of something, especially to check that it is correct or safe

Example

The building passed the safety inspection last week.

その建物は先週、安全検査に合格しました。

B2 adjective /lɑːrdʒ skeɪl/

large-scale

大規模

Meaning

involving a large number or quantity, or covering a large area

Example

The company is planning a large-scale expansion into international markets.

その会社は国際市場に大規模な拡大を計画しています。

C1 noun, verb /buːz/

booze

酒

Meaning

alcoholic drink, especially strong liquor; to drink alcohol, often excessively

Example

They bought some booze for the party.

彼らはパーティーのために酒を買った。

C1 verb /ɡreɪt/

grate

すりおろす, 苛立たせる

Meaning

to shred food into small pieces using a grater; to irritate or annoy

Example

She grated the cheese for the pasta dish.

彼女はパスタ料理のためにチーズをおろしました。

C1 verb /ˈbɛkən/

beckon

手招きする

Meaning

to signal or call someone to come closer, often with a gesture; to attract or invite

Example

She beckoned him to come closer with a wave of her hand.

彼女は手を振って彼に近くへ来るよう合図した。

C2 noun /rɪˈfræk.tər/

refractor

屈折望遠鏡

Meaning

A type of telescope that uses lenses to focus light.

Example

Refractor telescopes use lenses to focus light.

屈折望遠鏡は光を集中させるためにレンズを使用します。

C2 adjective /əˌnækrəˈnɪstɪk/

anachronistic

時代錯誤の

Meaning

belonging to a period other than that being portrayed; old-fashioned or outdated

Example

His views on gender roles are considered anachronistic.

彼の性別役割に関する見解は時代遅れと見なされている。

C1 verb /skwɪnt/

squint

目を細める

Meaning

to look with partly closed eyes

Example

She squinted at the bright sunlight.

彼女は明るい日差しで目を細めた。

C2 noun /ˌmɛtəˈfɪzɪks/

metaphysics

形而上学

Meaning

The branch of philosophy that deals with the fundamental nature of reality, existence, and the relationship between mind and matter.

Example

She studied metaphysics to understand the principles of existence beyond physical science.

彼女は物理学を超えた存在の原理を理解するために形而上学を学びました。

C2 adjective /ˌseɪpiˈɛnʃəl/

sapiential

知恵に関連する

Meaning

Relating to wisdom or knowledge, often in a religious or philosophical sense.

Example

The monk shared sapiential teachings with his students.

僧侶は学生たちに知恵に関連する教えを共有しました。

C1 noun /kənˈveɪəns/

conveyance

輸送

Meaning

The action or process of transporting or carrying someone or something from one place to another.

Example

The conveyance of goods was delayed due to bad weather.

悪天候のため、商品の輸送が遅れました。

C1 noun /ˈʌndərˌɡɑːrmənt/

undergarment

下着

Meaning

a piece of clothing worn under outer clothes, usually next to the skin

Example

He bought new undergarments for the wedding.

彼は結婚式のために新しい下着を買いました。

A2 adjective/adverb /laʊd/

loud

大きい

Meaning

Producing or capable of producing much noise.

Example

The music was too loud to concentrate.

音楽はあまりにも大きすぎて、集中できませんでした。

C2 noun /dʒɛˌstɪkjʊˈleɪʃən/

gesticulation

ジェスチュレーション

Meaning

a gesture, especially a dramatic one, used instead of speaking or to emphasize speech

Example

His speech was full of passionate gesticulations.

彼のスピーチは情熱的なジェスチャーで満ちていた。

C2 noun /ˈɪntərˌloʊpər/

interloper

干渉者

Meaning

A person who becomes involved in a situation or place where they are not wanted.

Example

He felt like an interloper at the private family gathering.

彼はプライベートな家族の集まりで干渉者のように感じた。

A2 adjective /ˈfuː.lɪʃ/

Foolish

愚か; 馬鹿; ばかげた

Meaning

lacking good sense or judgment; unwise; silly

Example

It was foolish of him to drive in such heavy rain.

そんな激しい雨の中で運転するのは愚かだった。

A2 noun /soʊp/

Soap

石鹸

Meaning

a cleaning agent made from fats or oils and used for washing

Example

Please wash your hands with soap and water.

石鹸と水で手を洗ってください。

C1 adjective /ˈnjʊrəl/

neural

Meaning

Relating to nerves or the nervous system.

Example

Scientists study neural connections in the brain.

B1 noun /ˈvɪn.ɪ.ɡər/

Vinegar

酢

Meaning

a sour liquid made from fermented alcohol, used for cooking and preserving

Example

I added vinegar to the salad dressing for extra flavor.

私はサラダドレッシングにビネガーを加えて、味を増しました。

C1 adjective /loʊθ/

loath

嫌がる

Meaning

reluctant or unwilling to do something

Example

She was loath to admit her mistake in front of everyone.

彼女は皆の前で自分の間違いを認めることを嫌がった。

B2 noun ˈsiːzənəl ˈvedʒtəbəlz

seasonal vegetables

季節の野菜

Meaning

Vegetables that grow during specific seasons or times of the year

Example

Seasonal vegetables grow abundantly in winter.

季節の野菜は冬に豊富に育ちます。

C1 noun /traɪˈbjuːnəl/

tribunal

裁判所

Meaning

a court of justice or body established to settle disputes

Example

The case was heard in an international tribunal.

その事件は国際裁判所で審理されました。

C1 noun /fruˈɪʃən/

fruition

実現

Meaning

The realization or fulfillment of a plan, project, or desire.

Example

Her dream of becoming a doctor finally came to fruition.

医者になるという彼女の夢はついに実現した。

B1 noun /ˈɡæsəˌliːn/

gasoline

ガソリン

Meaning

a liquid fuel made from petroleum, used mainly to power engines in vehicles

Example

The price of gasoline has increased significantly this month.

今月のガソリン価格は大幅に上昇しました。

B2 noun /pænt/

Pant

パンツ

Meaning

a piece of clothing worn on the lower body covering each leg separately

Example

She bought a new pair of pants for the party.

彼女はパーティーのために新しいパンツを買った。

B1 verb /ɪnˈstɔːl/

install

インストールする

Meaning

To place or fix equipment or software so it is ready for use.

Example

He installed the new software on his computer.

彼はコンピュータに新しいソフトウェアをインストールしました。

B2 noun /ˌvʌl.nər.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

vulnerability

脆弱性

Meaning

The quality or state of being exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed.

Example

Addressing vulnerability is crucial for stability.

脆弱性に取り組むことは、安定性にとって非常に重要です。

A2 noun /ɪkˈskjuːs/

Excuse

言い訳

Meaning

a reason or explanation put forward to defend or justify a fault or offense

Example

Being tired is not a valid excuse for not completing your homework.

疲れていることは宿題を終わらせなかった理由にはならない。

C1 noun /ˈtʌrɪt/

turret

大きな塔や建物の上にある小さな塔

Meaning

A small tower on top of a larger tower or building, often used in castles or fortifications.

Example

The castle was guarded by soldiers stationed in the turret.

城はタレットに駐留している兵士によって守られていた。

C2 adjective /ˈnɒti/

knotty

複雑

Meaning

Complicated, difficult to solve or full of knots.

Example

He faced a knotty legal issue.

彼は複雑な法的問題に直面しました。

C2 noun /ˌkɒntrəpəˈzɪʃən/

contraposition

対比配置

Meaning

the act of placing two things in opposition for contrast or comparison

Example

The contraposition of the two theories highlighted their differences.

二つの理論の対比配置は、彼らの違いを強調した。

C2 verb /ˈdʒɒɡəl/

joggle

軽く揺する

Meaning

to shake slightly; to move or cause to move with quick, small jerks

Example

He joggled the table and the vase nearly fell.

彼はテーブルを揺すって、花瓶が倒れそうになった。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈhjuːmən/

Inhuman

非人道的

Meaning

lacking human qualities of compassion and mercy; cruel or barbaric

Example

The prisoners were kept in inhuman conditions.

囚人たちは非人道的な状況で収容されていました。

A2 noun /waɪn/

wine

ワイン

Meaning

an alcoholic drink made from fermented grapes or other fruits

Example

They served a glass of red wine at the dinner.

彼らはディナーで赤ワインを一杯出しました。

C1 adjective /ˈstætʃətɔːri/

statutory

法定

Meaning

Required, permitted, or enacted by law.

Example

The company must comply with all statutory regulations.

会社はすべての法定規制に従わなければならない。

C2 noun /ˈæbɪs/

abbess

アッベッサ (修道院の女性院長)

Meaning

the woman in charge of a convent of nuns

Example

The abbess welcomed the visitors to the convent.

アッベッサは修道院に訪問者を迎えました。

A2 noun /ˈsɪŋ.ər/

Singer

歌手

Meaning

a person who sings, especially as a job or profession

Example

The singer performed beautifully at the concert last night.

そのシンガーは昨晩のコンサートで素晴らしいパフォーマンスをしました。

B2 adjective /ˈpæʃənət/

passionate

情熱的な

Meaning

showing or caused by strong feelings or a strong belief

Example

He is passionate about environmental conservation.

彼は環境保護に情熱を注いでいます。

C2 adjective /ˈvɜːrnəl/

vernal

春の

Meaning

related to spring; fresh, youthful

Example

The garden was filled with vernal beauty after the long winter.

長い冬の後、庭は春の美しさで満たされていました。

A1 adjective /ˈmɛni/

many

多くの

Meaning

a large number of

Example

Many students attended the lecture.

多くの学生が講義に参加しました。

C1 adjective /ˈlɑːpˌsaɪdɪd/

lopsided

片側が低い、または不均衡な

Meaning

with one side lower, larger, or different from the other; uneven or imbalanced

Example

The cake looked lopsided after being decorated in a hurry.

急いで飾った後、ケーキは不均衡に見えた。

C2 adjective /ʌnˈspɛərɪŋ/

unsparing

容赦ない

Meaning

Showing no mercy or generosity; harsh or severe.

Example

The critic was unsparing in his review of the play.

批評家は彼の演劇レビューで容赦なかった。

C2 adjective /dɪˈfjuːzəbl/

diffusible

拡散可能な

Meaning

able to spread or be spread through a medium

Example

Oxygen is diffusible through cell membranes.

酸素は細胞膜を通じて拡散することができます。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʌktɪv/

inductive

帰納的

Meaning

characterized by the inference of general laws from particular instances; reasoning from specific cases to general principles

Example

The scientist used inductive reasoning to form a hypothesis.

科学者は帰納的推論を使って仮説を立てました。

C1 noun /ɪmˈbæl.əns/

Imbalance

不均衡

Meaning

lack of proportion or relation between corresponding things; unequal distribution

Example

The doctor said the patient's dizziness was caused by an inner ear imbalance.

医者は患者のめまいが内耳の不均衡によって引き起こされたと言いました。

C1 noun /hjuːˈmɪl.ɪ.ti/

humility

Meaning

The quality of having a modest or low view of one's importance.

Example

She accepted the award with grace and humility.

A2 noun /ɡluː/

Glue

接着剤

Meaning

a sticky substance used for sticking objects or materials together; an adhesive

Example

The children used white glue to attach the colorful paper pieces to their art project.

子供たちは、色とりどりの紙片をアートプロジェクトに貼り付けるために白い接着剤を使いました。

C1 adjective /əˈnæl.ə.ɡəs/

analogous

類似

Meaning

Comparable in certain respects, typically in a way that makes clearer the nature of things being compared.

Example

The human brain is analogous to a supercomputer.

人間の脳はスーパーコンピュータに類似している。

C2 verb /ɪˈvɪns/

evince

示す

Meaning

to show or demonstrate clearly

Example

She evinced her interest in the project through active participation.

彼女は積極的な参加を通じてそのプロジェクトに対する関心を示した。

B2 noun /ˈdɪdʒɪt/

digit

Meaning

a numeral from 0 to 9; also a finger or toe

Example

You must enter a four-digit code to unlock the phone.

A2 noun /biː/

Bee

蜂

Meaning

a flying insect that produces honey and can sting

Example

The bee collected nectar from the flower.

蜂は花から蜜を集めました。

B2 noun /ˈfɛə(r)nɪs/

fairness

公平

Meaning

the quality of being free from bias, favoritism, or injustice

Example

She always strives for fairness in her decisions.

彼女は常に自分の決定に公平さを求めています。

C1 adjective /ˈpəʊtəbl/

potable

飲料水

Meaning

safe to drink; drinkable

Example

The villagers did not have access to potable water.

村人たちは飲用水へのアクセスがありませんでした。

C2 noun /ˈtɪl.ər/

Tiller

農民

Meaning

a person who tills or cultivates land; a farmer

Example

The tiller worked hard in the fields every morning.

農民は毎朝畑で一生懸命働いていました。

A2 noun/verb /əˈmaʊnt/

amount

金額

Meaning

a quantity of something, typically the total of a thing or things in number, size, value, or extent

Example

The total amount of money is not enough.

お金の合計額は十分ではありません。

B2 adjective /ˈfes.tɪv/

Festive

お祭りのような; 楽しい; セレブレーション

Meaning

joyful; celebratory; having the characteristics of a festival

Example

The house looked festive with colorful decorations.

家はカラフルな飾り付けでお祭り気分だった。

B2 noun /ˈnuː.tri.ənt/

nutrient

栄養素

Meaning

A substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and health of plants or animals.

Example

Plants absorb nutrients from the soil for growth.

植物は成長のために土壌から栄養素を吸収します。

B2 noun /ˈtɒnɪk/

tonic

トニック

Meaning

a medicine or drink that restores or refreshes health and energy

Example

A glass of lemonade was the perfect tonic on a hot day.

暑い日には、レモネードが完璧なトニックでした。

B2 noun ˌprɒd.ʌkˈtɪv.ɪ.ti

productivity

生産性

Meaning

The effectiveness of productive effort, especially in industry, as measured in terms of the rate of output per unit of input.

Example

Improved irrigation boosts productivity.

改善された灌漑は生産性を向上させる。

C2 adjective /ʌnˈwiːldi/

unwieldy

扱いにくい

Meaning

Difficult to carry or move because of its size, shape, or weight.

Example

The box was too unwieldy to carry up the stairs.

その箱は階段を上がるには重すぎて扱いにくかった。

A1 noun /ˈsæləd/

salad

サラダ

Meaning

a dish consisting of various ingredients, typically including vegetables, which are usually mixed with a dressing

Example

She made a fresh salad with lettuce, tomatoes, and cucumbers.

彼女はレタス、トマト、きゅうりを使って新鮮なサラダを作りました。

C1 noun /ˈtɛstəmənt/

testament

遺言 / 証拠

Meaning

a person's will; or strong evidence of something

Example

His success is a testament to his hard work and dedication.

彼の成功は彼の努力と献身の証です。

A2 noun /ˈriːdɪŋ/

reading

読書

Meaning

the action or skill of reading

Example

Reading is one of my favorite hobbies.

読書は私の好きな趣味の一つです。

A2 noun /kaɪt/

Kite

ハゲタカ

Meaning

a bird of prey with long wings and a forked tail; also a toy flown in the air

Example

The kite soared high above the fields looking for prey.

凧は田んぼの上で獲物を探しながら高く飛んでいた。

C1 noun pɔɪz

poise

自信と冷静

Meaning

Natural confidence and composure maintained under pressure.

Example

A good speaker maintains poise under pressure.

良いスピーカーはプレッシャーの中で冷静さを保ちます。

B2 noun /ˈmaɪnə(r)/

miner

鉱夫

Meaning

a person who works in a mine, extracting minerals or other resources

Example

The miner worked in the coal mine for many years.

鉱夫は長年、石炭鉱で働いていました。

B2 noun /ˈlɪkər/

liquor

Meaning

Alcoholic drinks, especially strong distilled ones such as whiskey or vodka.

Example

The shop sells both beer and hard liquor.

B2 adjective /dɛns/

dense

密な

Meaning

Closely compacted in substance; having parts crowded together.

Example

The forest was so dense that little sunlight reached the ground.

森はとても密で、ほとんど太陽の光が地面に届かなかった。

C2 verb /ˈɡrʌvəl/

grovel

Meaning

To act in an excessively humble or submissive way to gain favor.

Example

He groveled before his boss to avoid punishment.

C2 noun /ˈflæɡ ˌɒfɪsər/

flag-officer

旗艦司令官

Meaning

a senior naval officer entitled to fly a flag to mark the command

Example

The flag-officer reviewed the fleet before the ceremony.

旗艦司令官は儀式の前に艦隊を視察しました。

A2 adjective /ˈsʌdən/

Sudden

突然の; 急な; 思いがけない;

Meaning

happening or done quickly and unexpectedly; abrupt

Example

There was a sudden change in the weather.

天気に突然の変化がありました。

C2 noun /kəˈrɒn.də/

Karonda

カロンダ

Meaning

a small dark purple berry-like fruit that is sour and used in pickles

Example

Karonda is often used to make pickles and preserves.

カロンダは、ピクルスや保存食を作るのによく使われます。

C1 noun /ˈnoʊ.və/

Nova

新星

Meaning

a star that suddenly increases greatly in brightness

Example

Astronomers discovered a new nova in the constellation.

天文学者たちは星座で新しいノヴァを発見しました。

B2 adjective + noun əˈdæptɪv ˈfiːtʃərz

adaptive features

適応機能

Meaning

Characteristics that help organisms adjust to their environment

Example

Plants' adaptive features help them grow in winter.

植物の適応機能は、冬に成長するのを助けます。

B2 noun /ˌrɛfəˈriː/

referee

審判

Meaning

a person who oversees a game or match to ensure the rules are followed

Example

The referee stopped the game after a foul.

審判はファウルの後、試合を停止しました。

C1 adjective /ˈpɜːrtɪnənt/

pertinent

simile

直喩

Meaning

A figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another using 'like' or 'as'.

Example

She used a simile to describe her eyes as bright as stars.

彼女は自分の目を星のように明るいと表現するために直喩を使いました。

C1 noun /ˈænərkɪst/

anarchist

アナーキスト

Meaning

a person who believes in or promotes the absence of government or authority

Example

The anarchist group protested against state control.

アナーキストのグループは国家の支配に反対して抗議しました。

C2 adjective /ˌdaɪəˈkrɪtɪkəl/

diacritical

ダイアクリティカル

Meaning

Relating to a mark added to a letter to indicate a different pronunciation or stress.

Example

The word résumé has diacritical marks that change its meaning from resume.

‘レジュメ’という言葉には、意味を変えるダイアクリティカルマークがあります。

B2 adjective /dɪˌveləpˈmentl/

developmental

発展的

Meaning

relating to the process of growth or progress

Example

Early childhood is a crucial developmental stage for learning.

幼児期は学習にとって重要な発展的段階です。

B1 verb əˈdrɛst

addressed

対応した

Meaning

To think about and begin to deal with an issue or problem.

Example

Addressing key problems is vital for long-term change.

主要な問題に取り組むことは、長期的な変化にとって重要です。

A2 adjective /ˈreɡ.jə.lər/

Regular

定期的な

Meaning

happening at fixed intervals; consistent; normal; frequent

Example

She goes for regular exercise every morning at 6 AM.

彼女は毎朝6時に定期的な運動をします。

B1 noun /ˌkjʊr.iˈɑs.ɪ.ti/

Curiosity

好奇心; 異常または興味深い物事

Meaning

a strong desire to know or learn something; an unusual or interesting object or fact

Example

Her curiosity about different cultures led her to travel around the world.

彼女の異文化への好奇心は、彼女を世界中に旅行させました。

C1 noun, verb /ɡliːm/

gleam

きらめき

Meaning

a small or brief shining light; to shine softly

Example

A gleam of hope appeared in her eyes.

彼女の目に希望の光が現れた。

C2 adjective /ˌsɪkəˈfæntɪk/

sycophantic

お世辞

Meaning

Behaving in a way that is excessively obedient or servile to gain favor.

Example

His sycophantic behavior annoyed his colleagues.

彼のお世辞な振る舞いは同僚をうんざりさせた。

B2 noun /trænzˈmɪʃən/

transmission

伝送, 送信

Meaning

the act of sending, passing, or spreading something such as information, energy, or disease

Example

The transmission of data over the internet is very fast.

インターネット上でのデータの伝送は非常に速い。

C1 adjective /əˈnɒmələs/

anomalous

異常

Meaning

deviating from what is standard, normal, or expected

Example

Scientists observed an anomalous result during the experiment.

科学者たちは実験中に異常な結果を観察しました。

C2 noun /boʊ/

beau

ボーイフレンド

Meaning

a male admirer or boyfriend; a fashionable young man

Example

She arrived at the party with her beau.

彼女は彼氏と一緒にパーティーに来ました。

C1 adjective /ˈbʊkɪʃ/

Bookish

本好きな; 学問的な

Meaning

studious; scholarly; devoted to reading and studying

Example

She was known for her bookish nature and love of literature.

彼女は本好きな性格と文学への愛で知られていました。

A2 verb /ˈloʊər/

lower

下げる

Meaning

to move something to a lower position or to reduce

Example

The company decided to lower the prices.

会社は価格を引き下げることを決定しました。

C1 verb /dɪˈflɛkt/

deflect

反らす / 避ける

Meaning

to cause something to change direction; to avoid answering directly

Example

The shield deflected the incoming arrow.

盾は飛んできた矢を反らした。