B2 adjective /ˈhɑːrti/

Hearty

熱心で友好的; 豊富で栄養豊富

Meaning

enthusiastic and friendly; substantial and nourishing

Example

He gave us a hearty welcome when we arrived at his home.

彼は私たちが家に到着したとき、熱心な歓迎をしてくれました。

B2 noun ˌspɛk.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən

speculation

投機

Meaning

Investment in stocks, property, or other ventures in the hope of gain but with the risk of loss.

Example

Stock market speculation can lead to high volatility.

株式市場のスペキュレーションは高いボラティリティを引き起こす可能性があります。

C2 adjective /ˈhæl.si.ən/

halcyon

静かな

Meaning

calm, peaceful, and happy; denoting a period of time in the past that was idyllically happy and peaceful

Example

She often reminisces about the halcyon days of her childhood.

彼女はよく子供時代の静かな日々を思い出します。

C1 noun /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈniː/

Examinee

受験者

Meaning

a person who is being tested in an examination

Example

Each examinee was given two hours to complete the test.

各受験者には試験を完了するために2時間が与えられました。

B2 adjective /hɪˈstɛrɪkəl/

hysterical

非常に面白い、または感情的に制御不能

Meaning

Extremely funny or uncontrollably emotional.

Example

The comedian's jokes were absolutely hysterical.

そのコメディアンのジョークはまさに爆笑ものだった。

C1 verb /ˈbɒɡəl/

boggle

困惑させる

Meaning

to overwhelm or confuse; to be astonished or puzzled by something

Example

The complexity of the puzzle boggled his mind.

パズルの複雑さが彼の頭を困惑させた。

B2 adverb /ˈbrɔːdli/

broadly

広く

Meaning

in a general or wide manner.

Example

The rules are broadly similar across all regions.

ルールはすべての地域で大まかに似ています。

C1 noun /ˌænəsˈθetɪk/

anesthetic

麻酔薬

Meaning

A substance that causes loss of sensation or consciousness, especially used during surgery.

Example

The doctor administered a local anesthetic before stitching the wound.

医者は傷を縫う前に局所麻酔を施しました。

A2 noun /kəˈlek.ʃən/

Collection

コレクション; 収集; アーカイブ

Meaning

a group of objects gathered together; the action or process of collecting

Example

She has an impressive collection of vintage books in her library.

彼女は図書館に古い本の印象的なコレクションを持っています。

C1 adjective /ˈsɛreɪtɪd/

serrated

鋸歯状の

Meaning

Having a notched or saw-toothed edge.

Example

The bread knife had a serrated blade.

パンナイフは鋸歯状の刃を持っていた。

C1 verb /veks/

vex

苛立たせる

Meaning

to annoy or frustrate someone; to cause trouble

Example

The constant noise from construction vexes the residents.

建設の絶え間ない音は住民を苛立たせる。

C1 noun /ˌpɜːsəˈnælɪzeɪʃən/

personalization

パーソナライゼーション, カスタマイズ

Meaning

The action of making something personal or individual; customization.

Example

Personalization in marketing improves customer engagement.

マーケティングにおけるパーソナライゼーションは顧客のエンゲージメントを向上させます。

B1 noun ˈpɒl.ə.si

policy

方針

Meaning

A course or principle of action adopted or proposed by a government, party, business, or individual; a contract of insurance.

Example

Effective policies drive national development.

効果的な方針は国の発展を促進します。

B1 verb /rɪˈvjuː/

review

レビュー

Meaning

to examine or assess something again; to write a critical evaluation

Example

I need to review my notes before the exam.

試験前にノートをレビューする必要があります。

B2 verb /ˌriːprəˈdjuːs/

reproduce

再生する, 繁殖する

Meaning

To make a copy of something; to generate offspring.

Example

Many animals reproduce rapidly in favorable conditions.

多くの動物は好ましい条件下で急速に繁殖します。

B2 noun /ˈdel.ɪ.ɡət/

Delegate

代表

Meaning

a person chosen or elected to act for or represent others; representative

Example

Each country sent a delegate to participate in the international conference.

各国は国際会議に参加するために代表を派遣しました。

B2 noun /ˈmeɪnstriːm/

mainstream

主流

Meaning

the ideas, attitudes, or activities that are regarded as normal or conventional; the dominant trend in opinion or fashion

Example

Social media has become a mainstream source of news for many people.

ソーシャルメディアは多くの人々にとって主流のニュースソースとなった。

B1 noun /ˈvɪk.tɪm/

Victim

犠牲者

Meaning

a person who suffers harm, injury, or death as a result of an event or action

Example

The victim was taken to the hospital immediately.

犠牲者はすぐに病院に運ばれました。

C1 adjective, noun, verb /ˈtrɛbəl/

treble

トリプル、高い音

Meaning

triple; consisting of three parts; high-pitched sound in music

Example

The company's profits trebled in just two years.

会社の利益は2年で3倍になった。

C1 noun /ˈʌndərˌɡɑːrmənt/

undergarment

下着

Meaning

a piece of clothing worn under outer clothes, usually next to the skin

Example

He bought new undergarments for the wedding.

彼は結婚式のために新しい下着を買いました。

B2 noun ˌbaɪ.oʊ.dɪˈvɝː.sə.t̬i

biodiversity

生物多様性

Meaning

The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

Example

Rainforests are home to immense biodiversity.

熱帯雨林は膨大な生物多様性を持っています。

C1 adjective /prəˈvɒkətɪv/

provocative

挑発的

Meaning

Intended to make people angry, excited, or interested.

Example

She wore a provocative dress to the party.

彼女はパーティーに挑発的なドレスを着ていた。

C2 adjective /ˌæpəˈplɛktɪk/

apoplectic

アポプレクティック

Meaning

Extremely angry; furious.

Example

He was apoplectic when he heard about the unfair decision.

彼は不公平な決定について聞いたとき、アポプレクティックでした。

C2 noun /skæd/

scad

スカッド魚

Meaning

A type of fish of the jack family; also informally means a large number or quantity.

Example

The fisherman caught a scad in the net.

漁師は網でスカッドを捕まえました。

B1 noun /baɪˈɒlədʒi/

biology

生物学

Meaning

The scientific study of living organisms.

Example

Biology explains how plants and animals function.

生物学は植物や動物がどのように機能するかを説明します。

C1 noun /ˌdʒɛr.iˈætrɪks/

geriatrics

老年医学

Meaning

the branch of medicine dealing with the health and care of old people

Example

He specialized in geriatrics to care for the elderly.

彼は高齢者の世話をするために、老年医学を専門にしました。

C1 noun /əˈnɒməli/

anomaly

異常

Meaning

something that deviates from the norm or expected result

Example

The sudden drop in temperature was considered an anomaly.

温度の急激な低下は異常と見なされました。

C1 noun /ˈpælɪt/

pallet

プラットフォーム

Meaning

a flat wooden platform used for moving or storing goods; also a makeshift bed

Example

The boxes were stacked on a wooden pallet for easy transport.

箱は簡単に輸送できるように木製のパレットに積まれました。

C2 noun /ˈtruːɪzəm/

truism

自明の理

Meaning

a statement that is obviously true and says nothing new or interesting

Example

It is a truism that hard work leads to success.

努力は成功に繋がるという自明の理です。

C1 noun /əˈbɪs/

abyss

深淵

Meaning

a deep, immeasurable space, chasm, or void; something seemingly without end

Example

The climbers looked down into the dark abyss below.

登山者たちは下の暗い深淵を見下ろしました。

C2 noun /ˈʌŋkʃən/

unction

聖別

Meaning

The act of anointing as part of a religious or ceremonial ritual; excessive or insincere flattery.

Example

The priest performed the holy unction with solemnity.

司祭は厳粛に聖別の儀式を行った。

C1 noun /ˈwɛlˌduːər/

well-doer

善行者

Meaning

A person who does good deeds; a benefactor.

Example

The community praised the well-doer for his charity.

コミュニティはその善行者を称賛しました。

C2 verb /ˈhæroʊ/

harrow

苦しめる / すき

Meaning

to cause distress or torment; also to break up and smooth soil with a farm tool

Example

The tragic news harrowed the entire family.

悲劇的なニュースは家族全員を苦しめました。

B1 noun ˈpʌb.lɪk ˈspiː.kɪŋ

public speaking

公共の話し方

Meaning

The skill of speaking confidently in front of an audience.

Example

Public speaking skills are essential for leadership roles.

公共の話し方のスキルはリーダーシップの役割に不可欠です。

B2 adverb /ˈdʒenərəsli/

generously

惜しみなく

Meaning

in a kind, giving, or unselfish manner; in a plentiful or abundant way

Example

She generously donated money to help the poor.

彼女は貧しい人々を助けるために惜しみなくお金を寄付した。

B2 noun /ˈpraɪ.vət ˈtuː.tər/

Private tutor

プライベートチューター

Meaning

a teacher who gives individual instruction to a student outside of regular school

Example

The private tutor helped the student improve his math skills.

プライベートチューターは、学生が数学スキルを向上させるのを手伝いました。

C2 verb /ˌkɒmənˈdɪə/

commandeer

強制的に奪う

Meaning

To take control or possession of something, often by force or authority.

Example

The soldiers commandeered the villagers’ homes during the war.

戦争中に兵士たちは村人たちの家を強制的に奪った。

C1 adjective /ˈsæŋɡwɪn/

sanguine

楽観的

Meaning

Optimistic or positive, especially in a difficult situation.

Example

Despite the challenges, she remained sanguine about the future.

困難にもかかわらず、彼女は未来に対して楽観的な姿勢を保ち続けた。

A2 noun /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/

clothing

衣服

Meaning

items worn to cover the body; apparel collectively

Example

Warm clothing is essential in winter.

冬には暖かい衣服が必要です。

A1 noun /pəˈteɪ.toʊ/

Potato

ジャガイモ

Meaning

a round white vegetable with a brown or red skin that grows underground

Example

She boiled potatoes for dinner.

彼女は夕食にジャガイモを茹でました。

B2 noun /ˈfæbrɪk/

fabric

布地

Meaning

Cloth or material produced by weaving or knitting fibers.

Example

The tailor used silk fabric to make the dress.

仕立て屋はドレスを作るために絹の布地を使いました。

A1 verb (past participle of 'bear'), adjective /bɔːrn/

born

生まれた

Meaning

To come into life; brought into existence.

Example

He was born in Dhaka in 1995.

彼は1995年にダッカで生まれた。

C2 noun /ˈmæntl̩/

mantel

暖炉の上の棚

Meaning

A shelf above a fireplace, often used for decoration.

Example

She placed family photos on the mantel above the fireplace.

彼女は家族の写真を暖炉の上の棚に置きました。

C1 noun /ˈstæl.i.ən/

stallion

繁殖用の牡馬

Meaning

An adult male horse that is not castrated, often used for breeding.

Example

The farm owns a powerful stallion for breeding purposes.

その農場は繁殖用の強力なスタリオンを所有しています。

C1 noun /ˈprɑːtɪstənt/

protestant

プロテスタント

Meaning

a member of the Christian church that separated from the Roman Catholic Church during the Reformation

Example

Martin Luther was a key figure in the Protestant Reformation.

マルティン・ルターはプロテスタント改革の鍵となる人物でした。

C1 verb /ˈfrɒlɪk/

frolic

楽しげに遊ぶ

Meaning

to play and move about cheerfully, energetically, or playfully

Example

The children frolicked in the garden all afternoon.

子供たちは午後中庭で楽しげに遊んでいました。

C1 verb /ˈprɒfəsaɪ/

prophesy

予言する

Meaning

to state or predict that something will happen in the future, especially as if divinely inspired

Example

The monk prophesied that peace would return to the land.

その僧侶は平和がこの地に戻ると予言した。

C1 noun /əˈboʊd/

abode

住居

Meaning

a place of residence; a home

Example

They invited us to their humble abode.

彼らは私たちを彼らの質素な住居に招待しました。

B2 verb /dɪsˈtɜːb/

disturb

邪魔する

Meaning

to interrupt or cause someone to stop what they are doing

Example

Please don’t disturb me while I’m studying.

勉強している間に私を邪魔しないでください。

B2 noun /ɪɡˈzæmɪnər/

examiner

試験官

Meaning

A person who tests or inspects knowledge, skills, or qualifications

Example

The examiner reviewed each student's answer sheet carefully.

試験官は各学生の答案用紙を注意深く確認した。

B2 noun /ˈdes.tə.ni/

Destiny

運命; 定め; 前定

Meaning

the events that will necessarily happen to someone in the future; fate or predetermined course

Example

She believed that meeting him was her destiny and meant to be.

彼女は彼に出会うことが運命だと信じていて、それは必ず起こることだと思っていた。

B2 adjective /ˌsɪstəˈmætɪk/

systematic

体系的

Meaning

Done or acting according to a fixed plan or system; methodical.

Example

The company took a systematic approach to solving the issue.

その会社は問題を解決するために体系的なアプローチを採用しました。

C1 noun /ˌnjʊə.roʊ.plæˈstɪs.ɪ.ti/

neuroplasticity

神経可塑性

Meaning

The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life.

Example

Neuroplasticity allows the brain to rewire itself after an injury.

ニューロプラスティシティは、脳が怪我の後で再配線できるようにします。

C2 noun /ˈmeɪsə/

mesa

メサ

Meaning

An isolated flat-topped hill with steep sides, found in arid regions.

Example

The hikers stopped to admire the mesa rising above the desert floor.

ハイカーたちは砂漠の床から突き出たメサを賞賛するために立ち寄りました。

C1 noun /ˈfɔː.nə/

fauna

特定の地域の動物の生命

Meaning

The animal life of a particular region, habitat, or geological period.

Example

The fauna of the African savannah includes lions and elephants.

アフリカのサバンナの動物はライオンと象を含みます。

C1 noun /sɪˈdʌk.ʃən/

Seduction

誘惑; 誘惑

Meaning

the action of seducing someone; temptation to do something wrong

Example

He fell victim to the seduction of easy money.

彼は簡単な金儲けの誘惑に負けた。

B1 noun /kɪˈlɒmɪtər/ or /ˈkɪləˌmiːtər/

kilometer

キロメートル

Meaning

a unit of length equal to 1,000 meters

Example

The village is about five kilometers away from the town.

その村は町から約五キロメートル離れています。

C2 adjective /ˈbʊərɪʃ/

boorish

粗野

Meaning

Rude, insensitive, and lacking manners or refinement.

Example

His boorish behavior ruined the dinner party.

彼の粗野な行動はディナーパーティーを台無しにした。

C1 verb /ɪnˈvɪɡ.ər.eɪt/

invigorate

活性化する

Meaning

To give strength or energy to someone or something.

Example

A morning walk can invigorate both body and mind.

朝の散歩は、体と心を活性化することができます。

C1 verb /ˈbrændɪʃ/

brandish

振る

Meaning

to wave or flourish something, especially a weapon, in a threatening or showy way

Example

He brandished a sword to scare off the intruders.

彼は侵入者を怖がらせるために剣を振った。

C1 noun /ˈhɪntərlænd/

hinterland

内陸地域

Meaning

The remote or less developed areas away from the coast or a city.

Example

The farmers came from the rural hinterland to sell their produce in the city.

農民たちは地方の内陸地域から来て、都市で自分たちの農産物を販売しました。

B1 adjective /ˈflek.sə.bəl/

Flexible

柔軟な; 変更に適応可能

Meaning

able to bend easily; adaptable to change; not rigid

Example

She has a flexible work schedule that allows her to work from home.

彼女は自宅で働ける柔軟な仕事のスケジュールを持っています。

C1 noun /ˌænɛkˈseɪʃən/

annexation

併合

Meaning

the act of adding or taking control of territory or property, especially by a state

Example

The annexation of the region led to international condemnation.

その地域の併合は国際的な非難を招いた。

C1 verb /vaʊtʃ/

vouch

保証する

Meaning

to confirm or assert the truth or reliability of something

Example

I can vouch for his honesty.

彼の誠実さを保証できます。

C1 verb /ˈstæɡ.neɪt/

stagnate

停滞する

Meaning

to stop developing, progressing, or moving

Example

Without innovation, the business will stagnate.

革新がなければ、ビジネスは停滞する。

B1 adjective /ɪˈsɛnʃəl/

essential

必要不可欠

Meaning

Absolutely necessary; extremely important.

Example

Water is essential for life.

水は生命にとって必要不可欠です。

B1 verb /ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/

multiply

掛け算

Meaning

to increase in number; to perform mathematical multiplication

Example

The bacteria multiply rapidly in warm conditions.

細菌は温暖な条件で急速に増殖します。

Meaning

to encourage or assist someone to commit a crime or wrongdoing

Example

He was accused of abetting the criminals in their escape.

B2 noun pɑrˈtɪʃən

partition

分割

Meaning

The action of dividing or being divided into parts; separation.

Example

Partition caused unrest.

分割が騒動を引き起こした。

C1 noun /ˈstjuːpər/

stupor

昏迷

Meaning

a state of near-unconsciousness or insensibility

Example

He remained in a stupor after hearing the shocking news.

彼は衝撃的なニュースを聞いた後、昏迷状態に陥った。

B2 verb /əˈspaɪər/

aspire

志す

Meaning

to have a strong desire to achieve something

Example

Many students aspire to study abroad.

多くの学生が海外で勉強することを目指しています。

C2 adjective /ˈseɪpiənt/

sapient

賢明な

Meaning

Wise, or appearing to be wise.

Example

The professor gave a sapient response to the complex question.

教授は複雑な質問に賢明な回答をしました。

B2 noun/adjective /kənˈstɪtʃuənt/

constituent

構成要素 / 有権者

Meaning

Noun: A member of a constituency or an essential part of something. Adjective: Being a necessary part of a whole.

Example

The senator met with his constituents to discuss local issues.

上院議員は地元の問題を議論するために選挙区の有権者と会いました。

C1 noun /ˈpiːɒn/

peon

ピオン

Meaning

a low-ranking worker, often performing menial tasks

Example

The office peon delivered the files to each department.

オフィスのピオンは各部署にファイルを届けました。

B2 adjective /dɪˈzæs.trəs/

Disastrous

壊滅的な

Meaning

extremely bad or unsuccessful; causing great damage

Example

The hurricane had disastrous effects on the city.

ハリケーンは街に壊滅的な影響を与えました。

C1 verb /ˈdaʊn.pleɪ/

downplay

軽視する

Meaning

to make something seem less important than it really is

Example

The company tried to downplay the risks of the new product.

会社は新しい製品のリスクを軽視しようとしました。

C1 noun /rɪˈvʌlʃən/

revulsion

嫌悪

Meaning

a strong feeling of disgust or repulsion

Example

She felt revulsion at the sight of the cruel act.

彼女はその残酷な行為を見て嫌悪感を覚えた。

C2 adjective /ˈklæmərəs/

clamorous

騒々しい

Meaning

making a loud and confused noise; expressing strong demands noisily

Example

The clamorous audience demanded an encore from the band.

騒々しい観客がバンドにアンコールを要求した。

C2 adjective /ˈpɛstɪlənt/

pestilent

有害

Meaning

Causing or tending to cause death or destruction; harmful or pernicious.

Example

The pestilent atmosphere of the swamp made people sick.

沼地の有害な雰囲気が人々を病気にさせた。

B2 noun ˌɪmplɪmenˈteɪʃən

implementation

実行

Meaning

The process of putting a decision or plan into effect; execution.

Example

Proper implementation of policies is crucial.

方針の適切な実行は重要です。

C1 verb /rɪˈnaʊns/

renounce

放棄する

Meaning

to formally declare rejection of something, such as a claim, belief, or way of life

Example

She renounced her citizenship to move abroad permanently.

彼女は永住権を得るために市民権を放棄しました。

C1 noun /ˌdɛsɪˈmeɪʃən/

decimation

壊滅

Meaning

The act of destroying or killing a large proportion of something.

Example

The decimation of the city left thousands homeless.

都市の壊滅により、何千人もの人々が家を失った。

A2 noun /ɪkˈspɪə.ri.əns/

Experience

経験

Meaning

practical contact with and observation of facts or events; knowledge gained through involvement

Example

Her years of teaching experience made her an excellent mentor for new teachers.

彼女の何年もの教職経験は、新しい教師たちにとって優れたメンターとなりました。

C1 noun /ˈmɑː.kɪt ˌpen.ɪˈtreɪ.ʃən/

Market Penetration

市場浸透

Meaning

A measure of the amount of sales or adoption of a product or service compared to the total theoretical market for that product or service.

Example

High market penetration ensures competitive dominance.

市場浸透が競争優位性を確保する。

C1 noun /ˌvɜːbəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

verbalization

言語化

Meaning

The action of expressing something in words.

Example

The verbalization of his thoughts was clear and direct.

彼の考えを言語化することは明確で直接的でした。

C1 noun /ˌrek.ənˌsɪl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/

reconciliation

和解

Meaning

The restoration of friendly relations; the action of making one view or belief compatible with another.

Example

The peace treaty was a major step toward reconciliation.

平和条約は和解への重要な一歩でした。

C2 adjective /ˌhæɡ.i.əˈɡræf.ɪk/

hagiographic

過度に賛美的な

Meaning

Excessively flattering or idealized, often in a biography or portrayal of someone.

Example

The documentary was criticized for its hagiographic portrayal of the leader.

そのドキュメンタリーはリーダーの過度に賛美的な描写で批判されました。

C2 adverb /ˈɡeɪmli/

gamely

勇敢に

Meaning

in a brave, spirited, or determined manner

Example

She gamely accepted the challenge despite the difficulties.

彼女は困難にもかかわらず、勇敢に挑戦を受け入れた。

C2 adjective /ˈdɪlətɔːri/

dilatory

遅延の

Meaning

Tending to cause delay; slow to act.

Example

The committee was criticized for its dilatory response to the crisis.

委員会は危機に対するその遅延反応で批判されました。

C2 verb /ˈmæk.jʊˌleɪt/

maculate

汚す

Meaning

To stain, spot, or pollute something.

Example

The white cloth was maculated by ink stains.

白い布はインクのシミで汚れました。

C2 adjective /ɪˈmɪsəbl/

immiscible

不混和

Meaning

Describes liquids that do not mix together.

Example

Oil and water are immiscible liquids.

油と水は不混和の液体です。

B2 noun /ˈkænən/

Cannon

大砲

Meaning

large heavy gun that fires cannonballs or shells

Example

The castle was defended by several large cannons.

城は数台の大きなキャノンで守られていた。

C1 noun /ɡruːv/

groove

溝 / リズム

Meaning

a long narrow cut or depression, or a rhythmic pattern in music

Example

The DJ kept the crowd dancing to the groove.

DJは群衆をグルーヴに合わせて踊らせた。

C1 noun /bɒmˈbɑːrdmənt/

bombardment

爆撃

Meaning

a continuous attack with bombs or other projectiles

Example

The city endured a heavy bombardment during the war.

その都市は戦争中に激しい爆撃に耐えた。

B1 noun /ˈvaɪtəmɪn/

vitamin

ビタミン

Meaning

a natural substance needed by the body to stay healthy

Example

Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of vitamins.

果物や野菜はビタミンの豊富な源です。

C1 noun /wedʒ/

Wedge

くさび; ける; 割る

Meaning

a triangular piece of wood or metal used for splitting or securing; a piece of cheese or cake

Example

He used a wooden wedge to split the log into smaller pieces.

彼は木のくさびを使って丸太を小さな部分に割りました。

C2 noun /ˈfɪlɪɡri/

filigree

繊細な装飾細工、通常は金または銀で作られた

Meaning

delicate ornamental work of fine wire, usually of gold or silver

Example

The necklace was decorated with intricate gold filigree.

ネックレスは複雑な金のフィリグリーで飾られていました。

C1 verb /ˈrɛlɪɡeɪt/

relegate

降格する

Meaning

to assign to a lower rank, position, or category

Example

The manager decided to relegate the player to the bench.

マネージャーは選手をベンチにレリゲートすることを決定しました。

C1 adjective /ˈfɪs.kəl/

fiscal

財政の

Meaning

Relating to government revenue, especially taxes, or public money management.

Example

The government introduced new fiscal policies to control inflation.

政府はインフレを抑制するために新しい財政政策を導入しました。

C1 noun /ˌeɪ.li.əˈneɪ.ʃən/

alienation

疎外

Meaning

The state of being isolated or estranged from a group or activity.

Example

The new policies created a sense of alienation among employees.

新しい政策は従業員の間に疎外感を生み出しました。

B2 noun /ˈpɛzənt/

peasant

農民

Meaning

a poor farmer or agricultural laborer who owns or rents a small piece of land for cultivation

Example

The peasant worked hard in the fields from dawn to dusk.

その農民は夜明けから日暮れまで畑で一生懸命働いていました。

C2 noun /ˈæmɪti/

amity

友情

Meaning

A friendly relationship between people or countries.

Example

The treaty helped maintain amity between the neighboring nations.

条約は隣国間の友情を維持するのに役立ちました。

C1 noun ˈklaɪmət ˌrɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən

climate regulation

気候調整

Meaning

The moderation of climate conditions through natural or artificial processes.

Example

Forests help in climate regulation by stabilizing local temperatures.

森林は地域の温度を安定させることで気候調整に役立ちます。

B1 adjective /ˈpeɪn.fəl/

painful

痛みを伴う

Meaning

causing physical or emotional pain

Example

The injury was very painful, and he needed immediate care.

その怪我は非常に痛みを伴い、すぐに治療が必要だった。

C1 verb /tʃɑːr/

char

焦げる

Meaning

To burn or scorch something so that it becomes blackened.

Example

The cook accidentally charred the steak.

シェフはステーキを焼きすぎてしまった。

C2 verb /ˈproʊtjuːbəreɪt/

protuberate

膨らむ

Meaning

To swell out or bulge.

Example

The roots began to protuberate from the ground.

根は地面から膨らみ始めました。

C1 noun /ˈmænɪkɪn/

mannequin

マネキン

Meaning

a life-sized model of a human figure used by shops to display clothes

Example

The mannequin in the shop window was dressed in a red gown.

ショップのウィンドウのマネキンは赤いドレスを着ていた。

C2 noun /ˈsɪnəd/

synod

シノド

Meaning

An assembly of the clergy in a Christian church convened to decide on issues of doctrine or administration.

Example

The synod gathered to discuss reforms in the church.

シノドは教会での改革について議論するために集まった。

A1 noun /dɔːr/

Door

ドア

Meaning

a movable barrier used to close an entrance to a building or room

Example

Please close the door when you leave the room.

部屋を出るときはドアを閉めてください。

B2 noun ˌkɒn.ekˈtɪv.ɪ.ti

connectivity

接続性

Meaning

The state of being connected or interconnected; the capacity for the interconnection of platforms, systems, and applications.

Example

Improved connectivity boosts economic development.

改善された接続性が経済発展を促進します。

B2 noun ˈpeɪtriəˌtɪzəm

patriotism

愛国心

Meaning

The quality of being patriotic; devotion to and vigorous support for one's country.

Example

Victory Day reflects the patriotism of the entire nation.

勝利の日は国全体の愛国心を反映しています。