C1 noun /ˈfaɪər.wɔːl/

firewall

ファイアウォール

Meaning

A network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

Example

A firewall protects networks from cyber-attacks.

ファイアウォールはネットワークをサイバー攻撃から守ります。

C1 noun ˌdep.əˈzɪʃ.ən

deposition

堆積、何かを堆積させるプロセス

Meaning

The action of depositing something; the laying down of matter by a natural process.

Example

River deposition leads to the formation of new landmasses.

河川の堆積は新しい大陸の形成をもたらします。

C1 verb /ˌriːˈvaɪ.t̬əl.aɪz/

revitalize

再活性化する

Meaning

To restore energy and effectiveness to something.

Example

The new policies aim to revitalize the economy.

新しい政策は経済を再活性化することを目的としています。

C1 verb /əˈbeɪt/

abate

減少する

Meaning

to become less intense or widespread

Example

The storm began to abate after midnight.

嵐は真夜中に弱まり始めました。

C1 noun /buːn/

boon

恩恵

Meaning

A thing that is helpful or beneficial.

Example

The internet is a boon to modern education.

インターネットは現代教育にとって恩恵です。

C2 adjective /ˈfædɪʃ/

faddish

一時的な流行

Meaning

Following a temporary trend or fashion

Example

Wearing neon clothes was a faddish style in the 1980s.

ネオンの服を着ることは1980年代の流行だった。

A2 noun /frɪdʒ/

fridge

冷蔵庫

Meaning

a household appliance used to keep food and drinks cold to preserve freshness

Example

I put the milk back in the fridge after breakfast.

朝食の後で牛乳を冷蔵庫に入れました。

C1 adjective /ˈdjuːtɪfəl/

Dutiful

義務感のある; 尊敬すべき; 従順な

Meaning

conscientiously fulfilling one's duty; obedient; respectful

Example

She is a dutiful daughter who always helps her parents.

彼女はいつも両親を助ける義務感のある娘です。

C2 noun /ˈkɜːrtʃɪf/

kerchief

バンダナ

Meaning

a piece of cloth worn around the head or neck

Example

She wore a red kerchief on her head.

彼女は頭に赤いバンダナを巻いていました。

A2 verb /ɪnˈkri:s/

increase

増加

Meaning

to become or make something larger in amount, number, or degree

Example

The company plans to increase its production this year.

その会社は今年、生産を増加させる予定です。

B2 noun /ɪˈrʌp.ʃən/

Eruption

火山の噴火

Meaning

a sudden violent occurrence or outburst; volcanic explosion

Example

The volcanic eruption forced thousands of people to evacuate the area.

火山の噴火は、何千人もの人々にその地域から避難するよう強制した。

C2 adjective /ˈdɪsəluːt/

dissolute

放蕩

Meaning

lacking moral restraint; indulging excessively in sensual pleasures

Example

He led a dissolute life filled with parties and gambling.

彼はパーティーとギャンブルで満ちた放蕩の生活を送った。

C1 verb /ˈkɪndəl/

kindle

灯す

Meaning

to light a fire; to arouse or inspire

Example

She kindled the campfire with dry wood.

彼女は乾いた木でキャンプファイヤーを灯しました。

C2 verb /ɜːrk/

irk

苛立たせる

Meaning

to annoy or irritate someone

Example

It irks me when people are late without calling.

人々が電話をかけずに遅れると、私はイライラします。

B2 verb /fliː/

flee

逃げる

Meaning

To run away from danger or a threatening situation.

Example

The villagers had to flee during the flood.

村人たちは洪水の間に逃げなければなりませんでした。

C1 noun /ˈmɒn.ə.təʊn/

monotone

単調な声

Meaning

A continuous sound, especially of a person's voice, that does not rise and fall in pitch.

Example

The teacher's monotone made the lecture hard to follow.

教師のモノトーンが講義を聞き取るのを難しくした。

C1 adjective /ˈstɪndʒi/

stingy

けち

Meaning

unwilling to spend or give; miserly

Example

He is too stingy to buy a gift for his friend.

彼は友達へのプレゼントを買うにはあまりにけちだ。

C1 adjective /ˌʌn.əˈdʌl.tə.reɪ.tɪd/

Unadulterated

純粋

Meaning

not mixed or diluted with any different or extra elements; pure

Example

She felt unadulterated joy when she heard the news.

彼女はそのニュースを聞いたとき、純粋な喜びを感じました。

C2 verb /ˌkɒntrəˈvɜːrt/

controvert

反論する

Meaning

to dispute or argue against; to contradict

Example

The scientist controversed the previous research findings.

その科学者は以前の研究結果に異議を唱えました。

C1 noun /ˌpɜːrmjuˈteɪʃən/

permutation

置換

Meaning

An arrangement or reordering of elements, often in mathematics or logic.

Example

The puzzle can be solved by trying all possible permutations of the tiles.

パズルはタイルのすべての可能な置換を試すことで解決できます。

B2 verb /ˈvænɪʃ/

vanish

消える

Meaning

to disappear suddenly; to become invisible

Example

The magician made the rabbit vanish from the hat.

マジシャンは帽子からウサギを消した。

C2 adjective /ɡlɪb/

glib

表面的だが不誠実な

Meaning

speaking easily but without sincerity or depth

Example

The politician gave a glib answer to a serious question.

政治家は深刻な質問に対して表面的な答えをしました。

C2 verb /ˈfjuːmɪˌɡeɪt/

fumigate

燻蒸する

Meaning

to disinfect or purify an area by using chemical fumes

Example

They fumigated the warehouse to kill the insects.

彼らは昆虫を殺すために倉庫を燻蒸しました。

B2 noun /traɪb/

tribe

部族

Meaning

a social group consisting of people with common customs, language, and culture

Example

The tribe lived in harmony with nature.

部族は自然と調和して生活していた。

B2 verb /dwel/

dwell

住む

Meaning

to live in a place; to think about something for a long time

Example

They dwell in a small cottage by the lake.

彼らは湖の近くの小さな家に住んでいます。

C2 noun /ˈfuːləri/

foolery

愚かさ

Meaning

Silly or foolish behavior or actions.

Example

His constant foolery made the meeting hard to take seriously.

彼の絶え間ない愚かさは、会議を真剣に受け止めるのを難しくしました。

B1 adjective /faɪˈnænʃəl/

financial

財務的

Meaning

relating to money, banking, or finance

Example

He made a sound financial decision by investing wisely.

彼は賢明に投資して、健全な財務的決定を下しました。

B1 noun /swet/

Sweat

汗

Meaning

moisture exuded through the pores of the skin, typically as a reaction to heat, physical exertion, fever, or fear

Example

After running for an hour, he was covered in sweat.

1時間走った後、彼は汗だくになっていた。

C2 noun /ˈbɑːr.kəˌroʊl/

barcarole

バルカロール

Meaning

a traditional Venetian boat song, often in 6/8 time

Example

The orchestra played a beautiful barcarole that reminded me of Venice.

オーケストラは美しいバルカロールを演奏し、私にヴェネツィアを思い出させました。

C1 noun /ˈskeɪ.biːz/

Scabies

疥癬

Meaning

a contagious skin disease caused by mites that causes intense itching

Example

The doctor diagnosed him with scabies after examining the rash.

医師は発疹を調べた後、彼に疥癬と診断した。

A2 noun /stʌf/

stuff

物

Meaning

a collection of things or materials, typically unspecified or uncountable

Example

She packed all her stuff into the suitcase.

彼女はすべての物をスーツケースに詰め込んだ。

Meaning

A plane figure with five straight sides and five angles; also refers to the US Department of Defense building.

Example

The Pentagon is one of the most iconic government buildings in the United States.

B2 adjective /ˈtraɪbəl/

tribal

部族の

Meaning

relating to a tribe or tribes, especially indigenous people

Example

The tribal community has preserved its culture for centuries.

部族コミュニティは何世代にもわたりその文化を守り続けてきました。

B2 adjective /rɪˈfaɪnd/

Refined

洗練された; 精製された

Meaning

elegant and cultured in appearance, manner, or taste; purified

Example

She has very refined taste in art and music.

彼女は芸術と音楽に非常に洗練された趣味を持っています。

B2 adjective /ˈʃɔːrt ˌtempərd/

Short-tempered

短気な; すぐに怒る

Meaning

quick to lose one's temper; easily angered

Example

She became short-tempered when the traffic made her late for the meeting.

交通のせいで遅れてしまったとき、彼女は短気になった。

C2 verb /əˈdʒʌdʒ/

adjudge

判決する

Meaning

to consider or declare officially in a legal or formal manner

Example

He was adjudged guilty by the court.

彼は裁判所によって有罪とされました。

B2 verb /dɪˈprɛs/

depress

落ち込ませる

Meaning

To make someone feel sad or without hope; to reduce the level or strength of something.

Example

The gloomy weather tends to depress people.

陰鬱な天気は人々を落ち込ませる傾向がある。

C2 adjective /pərˈfɪdiəs/

perfidious

裏切りの

Meaning

deceitful and untrustworthy

Example

The spy was executed for his perfidious actions.

スパイは裏切りの行動で処刑されました。

A1 noun /wɛst/

west

西

Meaning

the direction to the left of the north and to the right of the south, typically associated with the sunset

Example

The sun sets in the west.

太陽は西に沈みます。

B1 adjective /ˈfrʌstreɪtɪŋ/

frustrating

苛立たしい

Meaning

causing annoyance or dissatisfaction

Example

The slow internet connection was really frustrating.

遅いインターネット接続は本当に苛立たしかった。

B2 noun /ˌdɪsəˈpruːvəl/

disapproval

不賛成

Meaning

The expression of an unfavorable opinion or judgment

Example

Her parents showed clear disapproval of her decision to drop out of college.

彼女の両親は、大学を中退するという彼女の決定に明確な不賛成を示した。

B1 verb /ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt/

represent

代表する

Meaning

to act or speak on behalf of someone or something

Example

He will represent our company at the conference.

彼は会議で私たちの会社を代表します。

C1 adjective /pəˈrɪʒən/

parisian

パリに関連する

Meaning

relating to Paris or its people

Example

She wore a Parisian style dress at the party.

彼女はパリジャンスタイルのドレスをパーティーで着ていた。

C2 adjective /ˌʌnprəˈpɪʃəs/

unpropitious

不運な

Meaning

Not giving or indicating a good chance of success; unfavorable.

Example

The team began their journey under unpropitious weather conditions.

チームは不運な天候の中で旅を始めました。

C2 noun /ˈsɜːfdəm/

serfdom

農奴制

Meaning

The status or condition of being a serf, bound to work for a lord.

Example

Many peasants in medieval Europe lived under serfdom.

中世ヨーロッパの多くの農民は農奴制の下で生活していた。

C1 noun /ˈstɪɡmə/

stigma

汚名

Meaning

a mark of shame or disgrace associated with a particular circumstance or quality

Example

There is still a stigma around mental health issues in many societies.

多くの社会では、精神的な健康問題に関して未だに汚名がついています。

C2 adjective /ˈtrʌk.jʊ.lənt/

truculent

攻撃的な

Meaning

Eager or quick to argue, fight, or show aggression.

Example

She became truculent when her ideas were challenged.

彼女は自分の考えが挑戦されると攻撃的になった。

C1 noun ˌæmbɪˈɡjuːɪti

ambiguity

曖昧さ, 不明確さ

Meaning

The quality of being open to more than one interpretation; inexactness.

Example

The ambiguity of the statement caused confusion among the team.

その声明の曖昧さはチームの間で混乱を引き起こしました。

C1 adjective /smʌɡ/

smug

自惚れた

Meaning

having or showing an excessive pride in oneself or one's achievements

Example

He wore a smug smile after winning the debate.

彼は議論に勝った後、自惚れた笑顔を見せた。

A2 noun/verb /puːl/

pool

プール

Meaning

a small body of still water, or a game played in a rectangular table with balls

Example

The children swam in the pool all afternoon.

子供たちは午後ずっとプールで泳いでいました。

B2 noun /ˌsɛlf əˈwɛə.nəs/

self-awareness

自己認識

Meaning

Conscious knowledge of one's own character, feelings, motives, and desires.

Example

Self-awareness helps in understanding one's emotions and actions.

自己認識は、自己の感情や行動を理解するのに役立ちます。

B2 noun /ˈsɛnsər/

sensor

幸せ

Meaning

a device that detects or measures a physical property and records, indicates, or responds to it

Example

The motion sensor turned on the light automatically.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せなかった。

C2 adjective /ˈpɑːrləs/

parlous

危険な

Meaning

Full of danger or risk; precarious.

Example

The company is in a parlous financial state.

その会社は危険な財政状態にあります。

B2 noun /ˈtraɪ.əl/

Trial

裁判; テスト

Meaning

a formal examination of evidence in a court; a test of performance or quality

Example

The murder trial lasted for three weeks in the county courthouse.

殺人裁判は郡の裁判所で3週間続いた。

B2 noun /diˈoʊ.dər.ənt/

Deodorant

デオドラント

Meaning

a substance that removes or conceals unpleasant smells, especially bodily odors

Example

She applied deodorant before going to the gym to stay fresh during workout.

彼女はジムに行く前に、トレーニング中にさっぱりとした状態を保つためにデオドラントを塗りました。

C2 verb /haɪ/

hie

急ぐ

Meaning

to go quickly; hasten

Example

He hied to the station to catch the train.

彼は電車に乗るために駅へ急いだ。

C1 adjective/adverb /əˈmɪs/

amiss

間違った

Meaning

Not quite right; inappropriate or out of place.

Example

Something seems amiss with the car's engine.

車のエンジンに何か間違ったことがあるようです。

C1 adverb /ˈrɪdʒɪdli/

Rigidly

厳格に; 柔軟性なしで

Meaning

in a strict, inflexible manner; without compromise

Example

The rules are rigidly enforced in this institution.

この機関ではルールは厳格に適用されます。

A2 noun /ˈfɑːr.mər/

Farmer

農家

Meaning

a person who grows crops or raises animals for food or profit

Example

The farmer planted rice in the fertile fields this season.

This season, the farmer planted rice in the fertile fields.

C2 adjective /əˈluːsɪv/

allusive

暗示的

Meaning

Making indirect references or hints; suggestive without being explicit.

Example

The novel is full of allusive passages that point to classical literature.

その小説は古典文学を指し示す暗示的な部分で満ちている。

C1 verb /dɪsˈsætɪsfaɪ/

dissatisfy

不満にさせる

Meaning

to fail to please or meet expectations; to make someone unhappy

Example

The poor service dissatisfies many customers.

悪いサービスは多くの顧客を不満にさせます。

C1 noun /ˈfæm.ɪn/

Famine

飢饉

Meaning

extreme scarcity of food; a period when food is extremely scarce

Example

The severe drought led to widespread famine in the region.

厳しい干ばつが地域で広範な飢饉を引き起こしました。

C2 adjective /ɔːˈrɔːrəl/

auroral

オーロラに関連する

Meaning

Relating to or resembling the aurora, especially the northern lights.

Example

The scientists observed auroral activity in the night sky.

科学者たちは夜空でオーロラルの活動を観察しました。

C1 adjective /ˈsteɪtli/

stately

威厳と壮大

Meaning

Having a dignified, majestic, and impressive appearance or manner.

Example

The stately mansion stood at the end of the long driveway.

その威厳ある邸宅は長いドライブウェイの終わりに立っていました。

C1 verb /ɪmˈboʊl.dən/

embolden

勇気づける

Meaning

To give someone the courage or confidence to do something.

Example

The coach's words emboldened the team to play aggressively.

コーチの言葉はチームを積極的にプレーするように勇気づけました。

B2 noun /hoʊm ˈdɪstrɪkt/

home district

出身地区

Meaning

the district where a person was born or originally comes from

Example

He returned to his home district after many years abroad.

彼は長年の海外生活の後、出身地区に戻った。

C2 adjective ˈmiː.ni.əl

menial

低賃金

Meaning

Not requiring much skill and lacking prestige.

Example

He refused to do menial work.

彼は下級の仕事をすることを拒否した。

C2 adjective/noun /fɪˈduː.ʃi.er.i/

fiduciary

信託の

Meaning

Involving trust, especially with regard to the relationship between a trustee and a beneficiary.

Example

Banks have fiduciary duties towards their clients.

銀行は顧客に対して信託義務を負っています。

C1 noun /ˈdʒɔːn.dɪs/

jaundice

黄疸

Meaning

A medical condition in which the skin and eyes become yellow due to liver problems.

Example

The doctor diagnosed the baby with jaundice.

医師は赤ちゃんに黄疸と診断しました。

B1 noun /ˌmoʊtɪˈveɪʃən/

motivation

モチベーション

Meaning

the reason or drive for acting or behaving in a particular way

Example

She lost her motivation to continue the project.

彼女はプロジェクトを続けるモチベーションを失いました。

C1 adjective /ʌnˈvaɪəbl/

unviable

実現不可能

Meaning

Not capable of working successfully; not feasible or practical.

Example

The project was deemed unviable due to high costs.

高額なコストのため、このプロジェクトは実現不可能と見なされました。

C2 adjective /ˌkɑːmənˈsɛnsɪkəl/

commonsensical

常識的な

Meaning

based on or showing sound practical judgment; sensible

Example

It was commonsensical to carry an umbrella on a rainy day.

雨の日に傘を持つのは常識的なことだった。

B1 noun /tʌn/

ton

トン

Meaning

A unit of weight equal to 2,000 pounds (US) or 1,000 kilograms (metric); a large amount of something

Example

The truck carried a ton of apples to the market.

トラックは市場に1トンのリンゴを運んだ。

C2 noun /əˌpɒθiˈoʊsɪs/

apotheosis

頂点, 完璧な例

Meaning

The highest point of development; the perfect example of something; the elevation of someone to divine status.

Example

Many see the Renaissance as the apotheosis of art and culture in Europe.

多くの人々はルネサンスをヨーロッパの芸術と文化の頂点と見なしています。

C2 noun /ˈlæn.sɪt/

lancet

外科用ナイフ

Meaning

a small, sharp, two-edged surgical knife used for making small incisions

Example

The doctor used a lancet to prick the patient’s finger for a blood test.

医者は血液検査のために患者の指を刺すためにランセットを使用しました。

B2 noun /prəˈvaɪdər/

provider

提供者

Meaning

a person or thing that provides something.

Example

The service provider ensures that all customers receive timely support.

サービス提供者はすべての顧客がタイムリーにサポートを受けることを確実にします。

B2 verb /kənˈvɜːs/

converse

会話する

Meaning

to have a conversation; to talk together

Example

They conversed about literature for hours.

彼らは何時間も文学について話し合った。

C1 adjective /səˈtɪrɪkəl/

satirical

風刺的

Meaning

containing or using satire to criticize or mock

Example

The satirical cartoon mocked the government's new policy.

その風刺的な漫画は政府の新しい政策を嘲笑しました。

B1 adjective /ˈtemptɪŋ/

Tempting

魅力的

Meaning

appealing to or attracting someone, even if wrong or inadvisable; alluring

Example

The chocolate cake looked very tempting in the bakery window.

ベーカリーの窓にチョコレートケーキがとても魅力的に見えた。

C1 adjective /ˈɛntərˌpraɪzɪŋ/

enterprising

企業家精神のある

Meaning

showing initiative and resourcefulness; willing to take risks to achieve success

Example

She is an enterprising young entrepreneur.

彼女は企業家精神のある若い起業家です。

B1 adjective /ˈɪrɪteɪtɪŋ/

irritating

いらいらさせる

Meaning

causing annoyance, impatience, or mild anger

Example

The constant noise from the street is extremely irritating.

通りからの絶え間ない騒音はいらいらさせる。

B1 adjective /ˈklæsɪkəl/

classical

古典的または伝統的な

Meaning

relating to ancient Greek or Roman culture, or representing traditional excellence in art, music, or literature

Example

She loves listening to classical music while studying.

彼女は勉強中にクラシック音楽を聴くのが好きです。

B2 noun /əˈsʌmpʃən/

Assumption

仮定

Meaning

a thing that is accepted as true without proof; a supposition

Example

His assumption about the weather proved to be wrong.

天気に関する彼の仮定は間違っていることが証明されました。

C2 adjective /ˈpɛstɪlənt/

pestilent

有害

Meaning

Causing or tending to cause death or destruction; harmful or pernicious.

Example

The pestilent atmosphere of the swamp made people sick.

沼地の有害な雰囲気が人々を病気にさせた。

A2 adverb /ˈɛniweɪ/

anyway

とにかく

Meaning

used to emphasize a statement or to return to a previous subject; regardless of what happened

Example

I was tired, but I went to the meeting anyway.

疲れていたが、それでも会議に行った。

B1 adjective /kənˈviː.ni.ənt/

Convenient

便利な；使いやすい；実用的な;

Meaning

fitting in well with a person's needs, activities, and plans; suitable and practical

Example

The new shopping mall is very convenient for our family.

新しいショッピングモールは私たちの家族にとってとても便利です。

C1 adjective /dɪsˈrɛpjətəbl̩/

disreputable

不名誉な

Meaning

having a bad reputation; not considered respectable or trustworthy

Example

The journalist avoided staying in the disreputable part of town.

ジャーナリストは町の不名誉な地区に泊まるのを避けました。

B2 noun /ˈbrɔːdˌkæstər/

broadcaster

放送者

Meaning

a person or organization that transmits a broadcast program.

Example

The broadcaster aired the match live to millions of viewers.

ブロードキャスターは試合を数百万の視聴者にライブ放送しました。

C1 noun /ˈen.mə.ti/

Enmity

敵意

Meaning

a state or feeling of active opposition or hostility

Example

The enmity between the two families lasted for generations.

二つの家族間の敵意は世代を超えて続きました。

A2 noun /ˈmoʊ.mənt/

Moment

瞬間

Meaning

a very brief period of time; an exact point in time

Example

Please wait a moment while I check your order.

注文を確認している間、少々お待ちください。

A1 adjective, adverb, pronoun /mʌtʃ/

much

多く

Meaning

a large amount or degree of something

Example

She doesn’t have much time to finish the project.

彼女はプロジェクトを終わらせるために多くの時間がない。

B1 noun /ˈneɪvi/

Navy

海軍

Meaning

the branch of armed forces that conducts military operations at sea

Example

He joined the navy after graduating from college.

彼は大学を卒業した後、海軍に入隊した。

C2 verb /ˈɪŋkʌlpeɪt/

inculpate

非難する

Meaning

To blame or accuse someone of wrongdoing.

Example

The evidence seemed to inculpate the suspect in the crime.

証拠は容疑者を犯行に巻き込んでいるように見えた。

B2 noun /ɡler/

Glare

怒りのこもった凝視; 強くてまぶしい光

Meaning

a fierce or angry stare; a strong and dazzling light

Example

The teacher's stern glare silenced the noisy students immediately.

先生の厳しい視線は、すぐに騒がしい学生たちを静めました。

C2 noun /ˌɪnkænˈteɪʃən/

incantation

呪文

Meaning

a series of words used as a magic spell or charm

Example

The wizard chanted an incantation to summon the spirits.

魔法使いは霊を呼び出すために呪文を唱えました。

Meaning

A large, densely packed crowd of people or animals; to fill or be present in a place in large numbers.

Example

Tourists thronged the streets during the festival.

B1 noun /ˈkɜː.ri/

Curry

カレー

Meaning

a dish of meat, vegetables, etc., cooked in an Indian-style sauce with hot spices

Example

I love spicy chicken curry with rice.

私はスパイシーなチキンカリーとご飯が大好きです。

B1 adjective /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

significant

重要な

Meaning

Sufficiently great or important to be worthy of attention; noteworthy.

Example

Social media has a significant impact on relationships.

ソーシャルメディアは人間関係に重要な影響を与えています。

A2 noun /ˈoʊ.ʃən/

ocean

海洋

Meaning

A very large expanse of sea, especially the main areas of sea between continents.

Example

The ocean covers more than 70% of the Earth's surface.

海洋は地球の表面の70％以上を覆っています。

好ましい気候条件

Meaning

Weather conditions that are suitable and beneficial for growth or development

Example

Winter offers favorable climatic conditions for farming.

冬は農業にとって好ましい気候条件を提供します。