C1 adjective /ˈdaʊn.kæst/

downcast

Meaning

feeling sad, dejected, or with lowered eyes

Example

He looked downcast after hearing the bad news.

C1 noun /ˈdɑːsieɪ/

dossier

ファイル

Meaning

A collection of documents about a particular person, event, or subject.

Example

The lawyer presented a dossier of evidence to the court.

弁護士は証拠のドシエを裁判所に提出しました。

A1 noun /ˈdɪnər/

Dinner

夕食

Meaning

the main meal of the day, typically eaten in the evening

Example

The family gathered for dinner at 7 PM.

家族は午後7時に夕食のために集まりました。

C1 verb /dɪˈfɔːrm/

deform

変形する

Meaning

to change the shape or form of something, especially in a way that makes it ugly or damaged; to distort

Example

The intense heat began to deform the plastic container.

高温がプラスチック容器を変形させ始めた。

C2 noun /drɒs/

dross

無駄なもの

Meaning

worthless or unwanted material; rubbish or impurities

Example

Most of his early writings were considered dross.

彼の初期のほとんどの作品は無駄なものと見なされていた。

B2 noun /daɪm/

dime

10セント硬貨

Meaning

a small coin, especially a U.S. coin worth ten cents

Example

He gave me a dime for the phone call.

電話のためにダイムを一枚くれました。

C1 verb /dɪsˈhɑːrtn/

dishearten

落胆させる

Meaning

to cause someone to lose determination or confidence; to discourage

Example

The constant rejection letters began to dishearten the young writer.

継続的な拒否の手紙が若い作家を落胆させ始めた。

B2 noun /dɒk/

dock

ドック

Meaning

a structure where ships are loaded, unloaded, or repaired

Example

The ship stayed at the dock for two days.

船はドックに2日間停泊していました。

C2 noun /dɪˌsɪdəˈreɪtəm/

desideratum

必要な物

Meaning

something that is desired or considered necessary

Example

For many students, financial aid is a desideratum.

多くの学生にとって、経済援助は必要な物です。

C2 verb /ˈdɒdə/

dodder

震えながら歩く

Meaning

To move in a weak and unsteady way, especially due to old age.

Example

The old man doddered across the street with a cane.

老人は杖をついて震えながら通りを歩いていました。

C1 verb /drɛntʃ/

drench

びしょ濡れにする

Meaning

to make someone or something completely wet

Example

The sudden rain drenched the players on the field.

突然の雨がフィールドの選手たちをびしょ濡れにした。

B2 noun /dɪˈvoʊ.ʃən/

Devotion

献身; 忠誠; 熱意

Meaning

love, loyalty, or enthusiasm for a person, activity, or cause

Example

Her devotion to helping others made her a beloved figure in the community.

他人を助けることへの献身が、彼女をコミュニティで愛される存在にしました。

C2 noun /dɪˈsɪstəns/

desistance

停止

Meaning

The act of stopping or ceasing from some action or behavior.

Example

The court urged his desistance from further unlawful activities.

裁判所は彼にさらなる違法行為から停止するよう促しました。

C2 noun /dɪˈkæmərən/

decameron

デカメロン (ボッカッチョの物語集)

Meaning

A collection of 100 tales written by Giovanni Boccaccio in the 14th century, told by a group of people over ten days.

Example

The Decameron is considered a masterpiece of classical Italian literature.

デカメロンはイタリア古典文学の傑作とされています。

C1 noun /dɪsˈɒn.ər/

Dishonour

不名誉

Meaning

a state of shame or disgrace; lack of honor or integrity; failure to fulfill obligations

Example

Breaking his promise brought dishonour to his name and family legacy.

約束を破ったことが彼の名前と家族の遺産に不名誉をもたらした。

B1 noun /ˈdaɪ.mənd/

Diamond

ダイヤモンド

Meaning

a precious stone that is extremely hard and brilliant when cut

Example

She wore a diamond ring on her finger.

彼女は指にはダイヤモンドの指輪を着けていた。

A2 adjective /dɪˈlɪʃəs/

delicious

幸せ

Meaning

having a very pleasant taste or smell

Example

The cake was so delicious that everyone asked for a second slice.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、喜びを隠すことができませんでした。

C1 verb ˈdiː.vi.eɪt

deviate

逸脱する

Meaning

To depart from an established course or normal pattern.

Example

He tends to deviate from the original plan.

彼は元の計画から外れる傾向がある。

C2 adjective /ˌdɛl.ɪˈtɪə.ri.əs/

deleterious

有害な

Meaning

Causing physical or mental harm or damage.

Example

Smoking has deleterious effects on health.

喫煙は健康に有害な影響を与えます。

A1 noun/verb /deɪt/

date

Meaning

A particular day of the month or year; also, a social or romantic appointment.

Example

They decided to meet on the date of her birthday.

C1 noun /dɪˈlɪriəm/

delirium

錯乱

Meaning

An acutely disturbed state of mind characterized by restlessness, illusions, and incoherence.

Example

The patient experienced delirium after the surgery due to the strong medication.

患者は手術後、強い薬物の影響で錯乱状態を経験しました。

C2 verb /ˌdɪskəmˈpoʊz/

discompose

動揺させる

Meaning

To disturb the order or calmness of something or someone.

Example

The unexpected question seemed to discompose her.

予期しない質問が彼女を動揺させたようだ。

C1 verb /ˈdɪsləkeɪt/

dislocate

脱臼する

Meaning

To disturb the normal position of something, especially a joint in the body.

Example

He dislocated his shoulder while playing football.

彼はサッカーをしているときに肩を脱臼しました。

C2 adjective /dɪˈlɛktəbl̩/

delectable

美味しい

Meaning

delicious or highly enjoyable

Example

The restaurant served a delectable meal.

レストランは美味しい料理を提供しました。

B2 verb /dɪsˈeɪbl/

disable

無効にする

Meaning

to make something unable to function or operate

Example

The technician disabled the alarm system temporarily.

技術者はアラームシステムを一時的に無効にしました。

C2 verb /dɪsˈɡɔːrdʒ/

disgorge

嘔吐, 排出

Meaning

to discharge or pour out; to vomit; to give up reluctantly

Example

The broken pipe disgorged water all over the floor.

壊れたパイプが床全体に水を吐き出しました。

B1 adjective /ˈdiːsənt/

decent

立派

Meaning

conforming to standards of propriety, good taste, or morality

Example

He found a decent job after months of searching.

彼は数ヶ月の探しの後、立派な仕事を見つけました。

C2 adjective /dɪˈkrɛpɪt/

decrepit

老朽

Meaning

worn out or weakened by age or neglect

Example

The decrepit old house was on the verge of collapse.

その老朽化した家は崩壊寸前でした。

B2 noun dɪˈstrækʃən

distraction

気晴らし

Meaning

Something that prevents concentration or takes attention away from something else.

Example

Distraction during study time can hinder learning.

勉強中の気晴らしは学習を妨げることがあります。

C1 noun /ˈdæn.drʌf/

Dandruff

フケ

Meaning

small white or grey flakes of dead skin that form on the scalp and fall from the hair

Example

He used a special shampoo to treat his persistent dandruff problem.

彼は慢性的なフケの問題を治すために、特別なシャンプーを使った。

C1 adjective /ˈdraʊ.zi/

Drowsy

眠い; 疲れた; 無気力な

Meaning

feeling sleepy and lethargic; half asleep; tired

Example

I felt drowsy after the heavy meal.

重い食事の後、眠気を感じました。

C1 verb /dɪˈfeɪs/

deface

傷つける

Meaning

to spoil the surface or appearance of something, especially by writing or drawing on it

Example

The vandals defaced the wall with graffiti.

ヴァンダルたちはグラフィティで壁を傷つけました。

C2 noun /ˈdɔːrmər/

dormer

ドーマー窓

Meaning

A window that projects vertically from a sloping roof.

Example

The old house had a dormer overlooking the garden.

その古い家には庭を見下ろすドーマー窓がありました。

A2 noun /ˈdaɪət/

diet

ダイエット

Meaning

the kinds of food that a person usually eats

Example

He follows a strict vegetarian diet.

彼は厳格なベジタリアンダイエットを実践しています。

C1 noun /ˌdep.rɪˈveɪ.ʃən/

deprivation

剥奪, 欠乏, 不足

Meaning

The damaging lack of material benefits considered to be basic necessities in a society.

Example

Sleep deprivation affects cognitive function.

睡眠不足は認知機能に影響を与えます。

B2 verb /dɪˈpɪkt/

depict

Meaning

to represent or show something in a picture, story, or other art form

Example

The painting depicts a beautiful sunset over the sea.

C1 noun /dɪˈmaɪz/

demise

死 / 終わり

Meaning

Death or end of something, especially the end of an institution or system.

Example

The sudden demise of the company shocked investors.

会社の突然の倒産は投資家を驚かせました。

C1 noun /diːˌtɒksɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

detoxification

デトックス

Meaning

The process of removing toxic substances from a living organism.

Example

Detoxification helps to cleanse the body of harmful substances.

デトックスは体内の有害物質を排除するのに役立ちます。

C1 verb /dɪˈfaɪl/

defile

汚す

Meaning

to pollute, corrupt, or make dirty

Example

The river was defiled by industrial waste.

川は工業廃水によって汚された。

C2 prefix /dɪs-/

dys-

異常、悪い、困難、または欠陥を意味する接頭辞

Meaning

A prefix meaning abnormal, bad, difficult, or impaired.

Example

Words like 'dysfunction' and 'dyslexia' use the prefix dys- to indicate difficulty or impairment.

'ディスファンクション'や'ディスレクシア'のような言葉は、困難や障害を示すためにディス-という接頭辞を使用します。

B2 noun /dɪˈdʌk.ʃən/

deduction

推論

Meaning

The process of reaching a conclusion through logical reasoning.

Example

His deduction from the evidence was accurate.

証拠から彼の推論は正確でした。

C1 adjective /dɪsˈhɑːrtənd/

Disheartened

落胆した

Meaning

discouraged; feeling dejected; losing hope or confidence

Example

She felt disheartened after failing the exam twice.

彼女は試験に2回失敗した後、落胆していました。

B1 adjective /drʌŋk/

drunk

酔っ払った

Meaning

affected by alcohol to the point of losing control of one's faculties or behavior

Example

He was too drunk to walk straight.

彼は酔っ払って、まっすぐ歩けなかった。

C2 noun /ˈdʌlərd/

dullard

愚か者

Meaning

a slow or stupid person

Example

He was considered a dullard by his classmates.

彼はクラスメートによって愚か者だと考えられていた。

A2 verb /dɪˈskʌs/

discuss

話し合う

Meaning

To talk about something with another person or group in detail.

Example

We need to discuss the project before finalizing it.

プロジェクトを最終決定する前に、それを話し合う必要があります。

C2 verb /ˌdɪsəˈreɪndʒ/

disarrange

乱す

Meaning

to disturb the order or arrangement of something

Example

The wind disarranged her hair.

風が彼女の髪を乱した。

C2 noun/adjective /ˈdɪstæf/

distaff

女性に関連、母系

Meaning

Relating to women or the maternal side of a family; also a tool for spinning thread.

Example

She came from the distaff side of a noble family.

彼女は名家の母系から来た。

C2 verb /dɪsˈteɪn/

distain

軽蔑する

Meaning

to treat with scorn or contempt (archaic form of disdain)

Example

He would never distain those who had less fortune than him.

彼は決して自分より運の悪い者を軽蔑しなかった。

B2 noun /dɪˌskrɪm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

Discrimination

差別; 不公平な扱い; 偏見

Meaning

the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people; recognition of difference

Example

The company was sued for racial discrimination in their hiring practices.

その企業は採用における人種差別で訴えられました。

C1 adjective /dɪˈlɪriəs/

delirious

デリリアス

Meaning

in an extremely disturbed or excited state of mind, often due to illness or emotion

Example

He was delirious with fever and kept muttering nonsense.

彼は熱でデリリアスで、無意味なことを呟いていた。

C1 noun dɪˌzɝː.t̬ə.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

desertification

砂漠化

Meaning

The process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture.

Example

Deforestation accelerates desertification.

森林伐採は砂漠化を加速させます。

C2 adjective /dɪˈmɒtɪk/

demotic

一般的な言語に関する

Meaning

relating to ordinary people or everyday language

Example

The poet used demotic language to connect with common readers.

詩人は一般の読者とつながるために一般的な言語に関する言葉を使った。

B1 noun /dɪˈbeɪt/

Debate

討論

Meaning

a formal discussion of opposing viewpoints; argument with reasoned points

Example

The political debate lasted for three hours with passionate arguments.

政治的な討論は3時間続き、情熱的な議論が交わされました。

C2 adjective /ˈdjuːtiəs/

duteous

忠実な

Meaning

dutiful; obedient and respectful

Example

The duteous child always followed her parents’ instructions.

その忠実な子供は常に両親の指示に従っていました。

C1 adjective /ˈdɒɡɪd/

dogged

執拗

Meaning

showing stubborn determination and persistence

Example

She succeeded through dogged determination.

彼女は執拗な決意で成功を収めました。

B2 noun/verb /dɪˈspjuːt/

dispute

争い, 論争

Meaning

a disagreement or argument about something important

Example

The two countries are in dispute over the border issue.

二国間で国境問題について争いが続いています。

B2 adjective daɪˈvɜːs

diverse

多様な

Meaning

Showing a great deal of variety; very different.

Example

Diverse industries enhance economic resilience.

多様な産業が経済的な回復力を高める。

C2 noun /ˈdɛftnəs/

deftness

巧妙さ

Meaning

Skillfulness and quickness in action or thought.

Example

Her deftness with words impressed the audience.

彼女の言葉の巧妙さは観客を感動させた。

C1 adjective /ˈdeɪnti/

dainty

優雅で可愛らしい

Meaning

Delicately small, pretty, and often considered elegant.

Example

She wore a dainty necklace made of pearls.

彼女は真珠でできた繊細なネックレスをしていました。

C2 noun /ˈdɛkəˌpɒd/

decapod

十脚目

Meaning

An arthropod with ten limbs, such as crabs, lobsters, and shrimps.

Example

The lobster is a well-known decapod.

ロブスターは有名な十脚目です。

C2 noun /ˌdɪsprəˈpɔːrʃən/

disproportion

不均衡

Meaning

a lack of balance or symmetry; an inequality

Example

There is a clear disproportion between rich and poor in many societies.

多くの社会において、富裕層と貧困層の間に明確な不均衡があります。

B1 adjective /ˈdiː.teɪld/

detailed

詳細

Meaning

Having many details; very thorough.

Example

The report provided a detailed analysis of the situation.

報告書は状況の詳細な分析を提供しました。

B1 verb /ˈdɪfər/

differ

異なる

Meaning

to be unlike or distinct from something else

Example

Opinions differ on this issue.

この問題について意見が異なります。

B2 adjective /dɪˈzaɪərəbl/

desirable

望ましい

Meaning

worth having or wanting; attractive

Example

The location of the house was highly desirable, with great views.

その家の場所は非常に望ましく、素晴らしい景色がありました。

B2 noun /ˌdel.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/

delegation

代表団

Meaning

A group of people chosen to represent others in negotiations or discussions.

Example

The delegation presented their country's agenda.

代表団は自国の議題を提示しました。

B2 verb /dwel/

dwell

住む

Meaning

to live in a place; to think about something for a long time

Example

They dwell in a small cottage by the lake.

彼らは湖の近くの小さな家に住んでいます。

B2 noun /dwɔːrf/

dwarf

小人

Meaning

a person, animal, or plant much smaller than average

Example

Snow White lived with seven dwarfs.

白雪姫は7人の小人と一緒に暮らしていました。

C1 noun /ˈdɪm.pəl/

Dimple

えくぼ

Meaning

a small depression in the flesh, either one that exists permanently or one that forms when smiling

Example

Her charming dimples appeared whenever she smiled at the children.

彼女の魅力的なえくぼは、子供たちに微笑むたびに現れました。

C1 verb /dɪˈvɒlv/

devolve

委譲する

Meaning

To pass power, responsibility, or duties to another person or group.

Example

The responsibility will devolve on the new manager.

責任は新しいマネージャーに委譲されます。

C1 adjective /ˈdjuːbiəs/

dubious

疑わしい

Meaning

Hesitating or doubting; not to be relied upon.

Example

She gave him a dubious look after hearing his excuse.

彼女は彼の言い訳を聞いた後、疑わしい目で彼を見ました。

C2 noun /ˌdɪskwɪˈzɪʃən/

disquisition

論文

Meaning

A long or elaborate discussion or written essay on a particular subject.

Example

The professor gave a lengthy disquisition on ancient philosophy.

教授は古代哲学についての長い論文を発表しました。

B2 adjective /dɪˈzæs.trəs/

Disastrous

壊滅的な

Meaning

extremely bad or unsuccessful; causing great damage

Example

The hurricane had disastrous effects on the city.

ハリケーンは街に壊滅的な影響を与えました。

C1 noun /draɪ ˈtʃɪl.i/

Dry Chilli

乾燥唐辛子

Meaning

dried chili peppers used as spice for adding heat to food

Example

The recipe calls for two dry chillies to make it spicy.

レシピにはそれを辛くするために2つの乾燥唐辛子が必要です。

C1 noun ˈdɪl.ɪ.dʒəns

diligence

勤勉

Meaning

Careful and persistent work or effort.

Example

Success requires patience and diligence.

成功には忍耐と勤勉が必要です。

C2 verb /ˌdɪskəmˈbɑːbjuleɪt/

discombobulate

混乱させる

Meaning

to confuse or disconcert; to upset the normal order

Example

The sudden question seemed to discombobulate him.

突然の質問が彼を混乱させたようだ。

A1 noun /dres/

Dress

ドレス

Meaning

a piece of clothing for women or girls that covers the body and extends down over the legs

Example

She wore a beautiful blue dress to the party.

彼女はパーティーで美しい青いドレスを着ていました。

C1 adjective /dɪˈsiːtfəl/

deceitful

欺瞞的な

Meaning

Deliberately misleading or dishonest.

Example

She gave a deceitful answer to hide the truth.

彼女は真実を隠すために欺瞞的な答えを出しました。

C1 noun /ˈderˌdevəl/

daredevil

危険を冒す人

Meaning

A person who enjoys doing dangerous or risky things.

Example

The stunt was performed by a famous daredevil.

そのスタントは有名なデアデビルによって行われました。

B1 verb /dɪˈklaɪn/

decline

減少する

Meaning

To become smaller, fewer, or less; to decrease gradually.

Example

The unemployment rate continues to decline.

失業率は減少し続けています。

C2 noun /djuːˈplɪsɪti/

duplicity

二重性

Meaning

Deceitfulness or double-dealing; dishonesty.

Example

Her duplicity was revealed during the investigation.

調査中に彼女の二重性が明らかになった。

B2 verb dɪˈtɪrɪəˌreɪts

deteriorates

悪化する

Meaning

To become progressively worse; to decline in quality, condition, or strength.

Example

The quality of air deteriorates due to pollution.

汚染によって大気の質が悪化する。

C1 verb /daɪˈleɪt/

dilate

拡大する

Meaning

To make wider, larger, or more open.

Example

The doctor used drops to dilate the patient's pupils.

医者は患者の瞳孔を拡げるために点眼薬を使いました。

C2 adjective /dɪˈdjuːsəbl/

deducible

推測可能な

Meaning

able to be deduced; possible to be inferred

Example

The solution is deducible from the data provided.

解決策は提供されたデータから推測可能です。

C1 noun ˌdɛɡrəˈdeɪʃən

degradation

劣化

Meaning

The condition or process of degrading or being degraded.

Example

Soil degradation due to overuse is a growing issue.

過剰な使用による土壌の劣化は、増大する問題です。

A2 noun /ˈdraɪ.vər/

Driver

運転手

Meaning

a person who operates a motor vehicle

Example

The taxi driver knew all the shortcuts through the busy city.

タクシー運転手は忙しい街を通るすべての近道を知っていました。

B2 verb /dɪˈskrɪmɪˌneɪt/

discriminate

Meaning

To treat someone unfairly based on race, gender, or other differences; or to recognize a distinction.

Example

The law prohibits employers from discriminating against women.

B2 noun /ˈdeb.ɪt/

Debit

デビット; 借金; 引き落とし

Meaning

an entry recording an amount owed; money taken from a bank account

Example

The bank showed a debit of fifty dollars from my checking account.

銀行は私の当座預金口座から50ドルのデビットを表示しました。

C1 verb, noun /dɪsˈkrɛdɪt/

discredit

信用を失わせる

Meaning

To harm the reputation of someone or something; loss of respect or credibility.

Example

The scandal discredited the politician in the eyes of the public.

スキャンダルは公衆の目で政治家を信用を失わせました。

B2 adjective /dɪˈprɛst/

depressed

落ち込んでいる

Meaning

Feeling very sad and without hope; in a state of unhappiness.

Example

She felt depressed after losing her job.

彼女は仕事を失った後、落ち込んでいました。

C1 verb /dɪˈpɔːrt/

deport

国外追放

Meaning

To expel a foreigner from a country, usually for legal or political reasons.

Example

The government decided to deport the illegal immigrants.

政府は不法移民をデポートすることを決定した。

C1 verb /daɪˈɡrɛs/

digress

Meaning

To leave the main subject temporarily in speech or writing.

Example

The professor began to digress from the main topic of the lecture.

C2 noun /dɪˈtraɪtəs/

detritus

デトリタス

Meaning

Waste or debris of any kind; fragments left from destruction or decay.

Example

The riverbank was covered with detritus after the flood.

洪水後、川岸はデトリタスで覆われていました。

C2 noun /ˈdeɪ.mæn/

day-man

日雇い労働者

Meaning

a worker employed by the day; a day laborer

Example

The farmer hired a day-man to help with the harvest.

農家は収穫を手伝うために日雇い労働者を雇いました。

C2 noun /ˌdaɪvəˈɡeɪʃən/

divagation

脱線

Meaning

digression; wandering from a path or subject

Example

His lecture was full of divagation, making it hard to follow the main point.

彼の講義は脱線だらけで、主なポイントを追うのが難しかった。

C2 verb /ˈdʌmfaʊnd/

dumbfound

呆然とさせる

Meaning

to greatly astonish or shock someone so they are temporarily speechless

Example

The magician's trick dumbfounded the audience.

マジシャンの技は観客を呆然とさせた。

C2 adjective /ˌdɒktrɪˈnɛər/

doctrinaire

教条主義者

Meaning

stubbornly devoted to a theory or doctrine without regard to practical considerations

Example

His doctrinaire approach to politics alienated many supporters.

彼の教条主義的な政治アプローチは、多くの支持者を遠ざけた。

C1 adjective /dɪsˈdʒɔɪntɪd/

disjointed

ばらばら

Meaning

Lacking order, coherence, or connection; disconnected.

Example

The movie felt disjointed and hard to follow.

映画はばらばらに感じ、追いかけるのが難しかった。

B2 noun /ˈdɛnɪmz/

denims

デニムのパンツ

Meaning

pants or clothes made from denim fabric, usually jeans

Example

He wore blue denims with a white shirt.

彼は白いシャツと青いデニムを履いていた。

C2 adjective /ˈdɪstəl/

distal

遠位

Meaning

situated away from the center of the body or from the point of attachment

Example

The doctor examined the distal end of the patient’s arm.

医者は患者の腕の遠位端を調べました。

B2 noun daɪˈmen.ʃən

dimension

次元

Meaning

An aspect or feature of a situation, problem, or thing; a measurable extent.

Example

Renewable projects add a new dimension to urban planning.

再生可能エネルギープロジェクトは都市計画に新しい次元を加えます。

B1 verb /dɪˈfɛnd/

defend

守る

Meaning

To protect someone or something from harm or attack.

Example

The lawyer worked hard to defend her client.

弁護士は彼女のクライアントを守るために一生懸命働きました。

C2 verb /diːˈlɪmɪt/

delimit

境界を設定する

Meaning

to fix the boundaries or limits of something

Example

The treaty was signed to delimit the borders of the two countries.

その条約は二国の境界を定めるために署名されました。

C1 noun /dɪˌsem.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

dissemination

拡散

Meaning

The action or fact of spreading something, especially information, widely.

Example

The dissemination of false information is a major issue.

偽の情報の拡散は大きな問題です。

C2 adjective /daɪˈdæktɪk/

didactic

教育的な

Meaning

Intended to teach, often with a moral lesson.

Example

The novel is not just entertaining but also didactic in nature.

その小説はただの娯楽ではなく、教育的な性質も持っている。

C1 noun ˌdɪm.ɪˈnjuː.ʃən

diminution

減少

Meaning

A reduction in the size, extent, or importance of something; decrease.

Example

There has been a diminution in air pollution.

大気汚染の減少がありました。

C1 adjective /dɪˈraɪsɪv/

derisive

軽蔑的な

Meaning

Expressing contempt or ridicule.

Example

She gave a derisive laugh at his attempt to sing.

彼女は彼の歌おうとする試みに対して軽蔑的な笑い声を上げた。

C1 adjective /dɪˈvɔɪd/

devoid

空虚

Meaning

Completely lacking or without something.

Example

His speech was devoid of any real emotion.

彼のスピーチは実際の感情が空虚だった。

C2 adjective /daɪˈɒsɪsən/

diocesan

教区に関する

Meaning

relating to a diocese or the district under the supervision of a bishop in the Christian Church

Example

The diocesan council met to discuss church affairs.

教区評議会は教会の問題を話し合うために集まりました。

C1 adjective /dɪˈmɛntɪd/

demented

狂った / 非理性的

Meaning

behaving irrationally due to mental illness or extreme excitement

Example

He looked demented after hearing the shocking news.

彼は衝撃的なニュースを聞いた後、正気を失ったように見えました。

B2 noun, verb /ˈdeɪ.bjuː/

debut

デビュー

Meaning

The first public appearance or performance of someone or something.

Example

The young actor made his debut on the big stage.

若い俳優は大きな舞台でデビューを果たした。

B1 noun /ˈdɛdˌlaɪnz/

deadlines

締め切り

Meaning

The latest time or date by which something should be completed.

Example

Setting deadlines helps finish tasks.

締め切りを設定することでタスクを終わらせるのに役立ちます。

C1 verb /dɪˈdjuːs/

deduce

推測する

Meaning

to reach a conclusion by reasoning or inference

Example

From the evidence, the detective deduced that the suspect was lying.

証拠から、探偵は容疑者が嘘をついていることを推測しました。

C1 verb ˈdwɪn.dl

dwindle

減少する

Meaning

To diminish gradually in size, amount, or strength; to become progressively smaller.

Example

His savings dwindled due to unexpected expenses.

予期しない支出のため、彼の貯金は減少しました。

B2 noun /ˈdiː.sən.si/

Decency

品位

Meaning

behavior that conforms to accepted standards of morality or respectability

Example

She had the decency to apologize for her mistake immediately.

彼女はすぐに自分の間違いを謝る品位を示しました。

C2 verb /dɪˈsɪmjʊˌleɪt/

dissimulate

偽る

Meaning

To disguise or conceal one's true feelings or intentions.

Example

He tried to dissimulate his fear with a smile.

彼は笑顔で恐怖を隠そうとした。

A1 noun /ˈdɔː.tər/

Daughter

娘

Meaning

a female offspring; a young woman in relation to her parents

Example

Their daughter graduated from medical school with top honors.

彼らの娘は医学校を優秀な成績で卒業しました。

C2 adjective /ˌdɛməˈnaɪəkəl/

demoniacal

悪魔的な

Meaning

characteristic of or resembling a demon; wildly evil

Example

He gave a demoniacal laugh that terrified everyone.

彼は皆を恐れさせるような悪魔的な笑い声を上げた。

C1 verb /ˈduːdəl/

doodle

Meaning

To draw or scribble absentmindedly, often while thinking about something else.

Example

She doodled flowers in the corner of her notebook during class.

A2 noun /ˈdɪʃ ˌwɒʃər/

Dish washer

食器洗い機

Meaning

an appliance for washing dishes automatically

Example

We installed a new dishwasher in our kitchen last week.

先週、私たちはキッチンに新しい食器洗い機を設置しました。

C2 noun /ˌdiːlɛkˈteɪʃən/

delectation

喜び

Meaning

great pleasure or delight

Example

She read the story aloud for the delectation of her friends.

彼女は友達の喜びのために物語を大声で読みました。

C2 adjective /ˈdɒdərɪŋ/

doddering

震えている / 弱い

Meaning

Weak, shaky, or unsteady, especially due to old age.

Example

The doddering professor struggled to climb the stairs.

ドダリング教授は階段を登るのに苦労していました。