C2 adjective /ˈdaʊti/

doughty

勇敢な

Meaning

brave, valiant, courageous

Example

The doughty soldier never backed down from a challenge.

勇敢な兵士は挑戦から決して後退しなかった。

B2 noun /mʌŋk/

Monk

僧侶

Meaning

a man who is a member of a religious community living under vows

Example

The monk spent hours in meditation each day.

その僧侶は毎日数時間を瞑想に費やしました。

C1 verb /ˈkænvəs/

canvass

投票を求める

Meaning

to solicit votes or opinions; to examine thoroughly; to discuss in detail

Example

They will canvass the neighborhood for votes.

彼らは投票のために近隣を回るでしょう。

A2 verb /rɪˈlæks/

relax

リラックスする

Meaning

to make or become less tense or anxious; to rest

Example

After a long day, she likes to relax with a good book.

長い一日の後で、彼女は良い本を持ってリラックスするのが好きです。

C1 adjective /haɪˈdrɔːlɪk/

hydraulic

油圧の

Meaning

operated by the pressure of liquid, especially water or oil

Example

The mechanic repaired the hydraulic system of the machine.

機械工は機械の油圧システムを修理しました。

C1 noun /ˌræʃəˈnæl/

rationale

根本的な理由

Meaning

the underlying reason or explanation for something

Example

The rationale behind his decision was clearly explained.

彼の決断の背後にある理由は明確に説明されました。

C1 noun/adjective /ˈmɪstɪk/

mystic

神秘的な、精神的な探求者

Meaning

relating to mysteries, spirituality, or hidden truths; a person who seeks spiritual insight

Example

The mystic devoted his life to meditation and spiritual discovery.

その神秘的な探求者は瞑想と精神的発見に人生を捧げました。

B1 noun /ˈprɪnsɪpl/

principle

原則

Meaning

A fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system of belief or behavior.

Example

Honesty is a key principle of leadership.

正直さはリーダーシップの重要な原則です。

C2 verb /ˈkɒr.ʌ.skeɪt/

coruscate

きらめく

Meaning

to sparkle or flash brightly

Example

The fireworks coruscated across the night sky.

花火は夜空に向かってきらめいた。

C1 noun /rɪˈpɑːzɪtɔːri/

repository

リポジトリ

Meaning

a place where things are stored or kept for safekeeping

Example

The library serves as a repository of knowledge.

図書館は知識のリポジトリとして機能します。

A1 noun /ˈmʌni/

money

幸福

Meaning

A medium of exchange in the form of coins and banknotes; wealth or financial resources.

Example

He saved enough money to buy a new car.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せなかった。

A1 noun /klɑːs/

class

クラス

Meaning

a group of students taught together or a category of people or things with shared characteristics

Example

Our class meets every morning at nine.

私たちのクラスは毎朝9時に会います。

C1 noun ˌriːˌvaɪ.təl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

revitalization

再生

Meaning

The action of giving new life and vitality to something.

Example

Proper rest and nutrition lead to revitalization of the body.

適切な休息と栄養は体のリバイタライゼーションに繋がります。

C1 verb /riːˈkæptʃər/

recapture

再び奪回する

Meaning

To take back or regain possession of something.

Example

The army managed to recapture the lost territory.

軍隊は失われた領土を再び奪回することに成功しました。

B2 verb baɪnd

bind

結びつける

Meaning

To tie, fasten, or hold together securely.

Example

This force binds quarks together.

この力はクォークを結びつけます。

A2 adjective /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/

amazing

驚くべき

Meaning

causing great surprise or wonder; astonishing

Example

The magician performed an amazing trick.

マジシャンは驚くべきトリックを見せた。

C1 noun /ˌrɛspɪˈreɪʃən/

respiration

Meaning

The process of breathing or the exchange of gases in living organisms.

Example

Respiration is essential for all living beings.

C1 noun /ˈɡæloʊz/

gallows

絞首台

Meaning

A structure used for hanging criminals who have been sentenced to death.

Example

The criminal was led to the gallows at dawn.

犯人は夜明けに絞首台に連れて行かれた。

C1 noun /dɪˈprɛsənt/

depressant

抑制剤

Meaning

A drug that reduces functional or nervous activity in the body.

Example

Alcohol acts as a depressant on the central nervous system.

アルコールは中枢神経系に抑制剤として作用します。

C2 noun /ˈkwaɪəˌtuːd/

quietude

静けさ

Meaning

A state of stillness and tranquility.

Example

She enjoys the quietude of the countryside.

彼女は田舎の静けさを楽しんでいます。

B1 noun /ˈsmoʊkər/

smoker

喫煙者

Meaning

A person who smokes tobacco or other substances

Example

He is a heavy smoker and tries to quit every year.

彼は喫煙者で、毎年禁煙しようとしています。

A1 noun ˈpɛrənts

Parents

親

Meaning

One's father and mother.

Example

The family tree starts with the child's parents.

家系図は子供の親から始まります。

C1 noun /ˈbɪtər ɡɔːrd/

Bitter Gourd

ゴーヤ

Meaning

a green, bumpy vegetable with a very bitter taste, known for its medicinal properties

Example

Bitter gourd is excellent for controlling blood sugar levels.

ゴーヤは血糖値をコントロールするのに優れています。

B2 adjective /ˈduː.əl/

Dual

二重の

Meaning

having two parts or consisting of two elements; double

Example

She has dual citizenship of both countries.

彼女は二つの国の二重国籍を持っています。

B2 adjective /ˌʌnˈkɔːrdɪneɪtɪd/

uncoordinated

不器用; 協調性のない

Meaning

lacking coordination, not well-organized or clumsy in movement

Example

His movements were uncoordinated, making him prone to accidents.

彼の動きは不器用で、事故を起こしやすかった。

B2 noun /ˈpɜr.mə.nəns/

Permanence

永続性

Meaning

the state or quality of lasting or remaining unchanged indefinitely; enduring nature

Example

The permanence of the stone monument impressed all visitors.

石の記念碑の永久性はすべての訪問者に印象を与えました。

A1 noun /sʌn/

son

息子

Meaning

a male child of a parent

Example

His son is very talented in music.

彼の息子は音楽に非常に才能があります。

B1 noun /ˈtiː.pɒt/

Tea-pot

ティーポット

Meaning

a container with a lid, handle, and spout for brewing and serving tea

Example

She poured hot water into the tea-pot to make tea.

彼女はお茶を淹れるためにティーポットに熱いお湯を注いだ。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈtɒl.ər.ə.bəl/

Intolerable

耐えられない

Meaning

unable to be endured; extremely unpleasant or painful

Example

The noise from the construction site was intolerable.

工事現場の騒音は耐えられないほどひどかった。

B2 verb /ˌriːəˈreɪndʒ/

rearrange

再配置する

Meaning

to change the order or position of something

Example

She decided to rearrange the furniture in her living room.

彼女はリビングルームの家具を再配置することに決めました。

B1 noun /træp/

Trap

罠

Meaning

a device or enclosure designed to catch and retain animals, or a situation from which it is difficult to escape

Example

The mouse was caught in the trap overnight.

ネズミは一晩中トラップにかかっていました。

A1 preposition /æt/

at

で

Meaning

used to indicate a specific time, place, or direction

Example

She arrived at the airport on time.

彼女は時間通りに空港に到着しました。

B2 noun /ˈes.əns/

Essence

本質

Meaning

the intrinsic nature or indispensable quality of something

Example

The essence of good teaching is the ability to inspire students.

良い教育の本質は学生を励ます能力です。

B1 verb /kənˈɡrætʃʊleɪt/

congratulate

お祝いする

Meaning

to praise someone for an achievement or for a special occasion

Example

I want to congratulate you on your promotion.

私はあなたの昇進を祝いたいです。

A2 noun /ˈtræfɪk/

traffic

交通

Meaning

movement of vehicles, goods, or people

Example

There was heavy traffic on the highway this morning.

今朝、高速道路には多くの交通がありました。

A2 noun pəˈzɪʃ.ən

position

位置

Meaning

A particular way in which someone or something is placed or arranged.

Example

The team's position reflects consistent performance.

チームの位置は一貫したパフォーマンスを反映しています。

C2 verb /əˈniːl/

anneal

熱処理で硬化する

Meaning

To heat and cool metal or glass to make it stronger or less brittle.

Example

The blacksmith annealed the steel to improve its durability.

鍛冶屋は鋼を熱処理してその耐久性を向上させました。

B2 verb /stʌn/

stun

驚かす, 気絶させる

Meaning

to shock or surprise someone greatly; to knock someone unconscious or dazed

Example

The news of her sudden resignation stunned everyone.

彼女の突然の辞任のニュースは皆を驚かせた。

B2 noun dɪˈplɔɪmənt

deployment

展開

Meaning

The action of bringing resources into effective action.

Example

The deployment of the new software was completed successfully.

新しいソフトウェアの展開は成功裏に完了しました。

C2 verb /ˈstʌltɪfaɪ/

stultify

愚かに見せる、または効果や熱意を妨げる

Meaning

to make someone or something appear foolish, or to hinder effectiveness and enthusiasm

Example

The repetitive tasks seemed to stultify the workers' creativity.

繰り返しの仕事が労働者の創造性を鈍らせているようだった。

B2 noun /ˈfrɛʃnəs/

freshness

新鮮さ

Meaning

The quality of being new, clean, and full of energy.

Example

The freshness of the morning air made everyone feel alive.

朝の新鮮な空気で、みんなが生き生きと感じました。

C1 noun /ˌmʌltɪˈplɪsɪti/

multiplicity

多様性

Meaning

A large number or variety of something.

Example

The project faced a multiplicity of challenges.

プロジェクトは多様な課題に直面しました。

C2 noun /bɪˈhiː.mɒθ/

behemoth

巨大なもの

Meaning

Something enormous, especially a large and powerful organization.

Example

The company grew into a corporate behemoth.

その会社は企業の巨大なものに成長しました。

C2 adjective /ˈvɔːntɪd/

vaunted

過度に称賛された

Meaning

praised or boasted about, especially excessively

Example

The vaunted technology failed to deliver the expected results.

過度に称賛された技術は期待された結果を提供できませんでした。

C2 adjective /kənˈvɜːrsənt/

conversant

熟知、精通

Meaning

familiar with or knowledgeable about something

Example

She is conversant with the latest developments in technology.

彼女は最新の技術の進展に精通しています。

C2 noun /ˈbʊlwərk/

bulwark

防壁

Meaning

A strong wall or defensive structure; something that provides protection or support.

Example

The fortress walls served as a bulwark against enemy attacks.

砦の壁は敵の攻撃に対する防壁として機能していた。

C1 noun prəˈpɛn.sə.ti

propensity

傾向または自然な傾向

Meaning

An inclination or natural tendency to behave in a particular way.

Example

He has a propensity for taking risks in business.

彼はビジネスでリスクを取る傾向がある。

A2 preposition /dɪˈspaɪt/

despite

にもかかわらず

Meaning

Without being affected by; in spite of.

Example

He continued his work despite the difficulties.

困難にもかかわらず、彼は仕事を続けました。

C2 noun /klɛərˈvɔɪəns/

clairvoyance

透視能力

Meaning

the supposed ability to perceive events beyond normal sensory contact; psychic insight

Example

She claimed to have clairvoyance and predicted the future.

彼女は透視能力を持っていると主張し、未来を予知しました。

C2 adjective /ˈswɔːrði/

swarthy

日焼けした

Meaning

Having a dark complexion or skin tone.

Example

The sailor had a swarthy face from years under the sun.

その水夫は、何年も太陽の下で働いたため、日焼けした顔をしていた。

B2 adjective /əˈvɔɪdəbl/

avoidable

避けられる

Meaning

able to be prevented or avoided

Example

Most of the damage was avoidable with proper planning.

適切な計画があれば、ほとんどの被害は避けられた。

B2 adjective /ʌnˈsteɪbəl/

Unstable

不安定

Meaning

likely to change; not steady or secure; unsteady

Example

The unstable economy made people worried about their jobs.

不安定な経済は、人々を自分たちの仕事について心配させました。

A2 adjective /flæt/

flat

平ら

Meaning

Smooth and level, without raised areas or curves.

Example

The road ahead was completely flat.

前方の道路は完全に平らでした。

C1 noun/verb /rɪˈpriːz/

reprise

繰り返し

Meaning

A repetition or return to an earlier theme, role, or action.

Example

The actor reprised his role in the sequel.

俳優は続編で自分の役を再演しました。

A2 adjective /ˈsʌðərn/

southern

南の

Meaning

located in or facing the south; southern regions

Example

She moved to a southern city for work.

彼女は仕事のために南の都市に引っ越した。

C2 noun /mɔːrˈtɪʃən/

mortician

葬儀屋

Meaning

a person whose job is to prepare dead bodies for burial or cremation and to arrange funerals

Example

The mortician prepared the body for the funeral service.

葬儀屋は葬儀サービスのために遺体を準備しました。

B2 noun /ɡriːnz/

Greens

葉物野菜

Meaning

Leafy vegetables such as spinach, lettuce, and cabbage

Example

Eating greens is important for good health.

葉物野菜を食べることは健康にとって重要です。

C1 noun /rɪˌtæl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/

Retaliation

報復

Meaning

the action of returning a military attack; counterattack; revenge for an injury or wrong

Example

The country threatened retaliation against any act of aggression.

その国はあらゆる攻撃行為に対して報復を予告しました。

B2 noun /ˈrækɪt/

racket

ラケット / 騒音

Meaning

A piece of equipment used to hit the ball in sports like tennis or badminton; also a loud noise or an illegal scheme.

Example

He bought a new tennis racket for the match.

彼は試合のために新しいテニスラケットを買った。

C2 adjective /ˈsiːkwənt/

sequent

Following in order or as a result.

Example

The sequent events changed the course of history.

次の出来事は歴史の流れを変えました。

B2 noun /ˈtreɪdmɑːrk/

trademark

商標

Meaning

a symbol, word, or words legally registered or established by use as representing a company or product

Example

The company’s logo is its trademark.

その会社のロゴはその商標です。

C2 verb /əˈsɪdɪfaɪ/

acidify

酸性化する

Meaning

to make something acidic or more acidic

Example

Farmers worry that pollution will acidify the soil.

農民たちは、汚染が土壌を酸性にすることを心配しています。

B2 noun /ˈmɪd.deɪ/

Midday

正午

Meaning

The middle of the day; twelve o'clock in the daytime; noon

Example

The sun is brightest at midday when it's directly overhead.

太陽は正午に最も輝いており、真上にあります。

B2 verb /ʌnˈkʌvə(r)/

uncover

明らかにする

Meaning

to reveal something that was hidden or secret

Example

The investigation uncovered new evidence.

調査で新しい証拠が明らかになった。

A2 phrasal verb /pɪk ʌp/

pick up

拾う; 迎えに行く; 身につける

Meaning

to lift something; to collect or receive someone or something; to learn or acquire gradually; to improve or increase

Example

She picked up the book from the floor.

彼女は床から本を拾った。

A2 noun /dʌk/

Duck

アヒル

Meaning

a waterbird with webbed feet and a broad flat bill

Example

The duck swam gracefully across the lake.

そのカモは湖を優雅に泳いでいました。

B2 noun /ˌɑːr.kiˈɑː.lə.dʒi/

archeology

考古学

Meaning

the study of human history and prehistory through excavation and analysis of artifacts and structures

Example

She decided to study archeology to learn about ancient civilizations.

彼女は古代文明について学ぶために考古学を学ぶことに決めました。

B1 adjective /ˈhoʊli/

Holy

神聖な; 神や宗教目的に捧げられた; 道徳的で精神的に優れた

Meaning

sacred; dedicated to God or religious purposes; morally and spiritually excellent

Example

The holy shrine attracts thousands of pilgrims every year.

その聖地は毎年何千人もの巡礼者を引き寄せます。

C2 noun ˈtræn.zi.əns

transience

一時性

Meaning

The state or fact of lasting only for a short time; impermanence.

Example

The transience of youth makes it more precious.

若さの一時性がそれをより貴重にします。

A2 noun /ˈfæktəri/

factory

工場

Meaning

A building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured.

Example

He works in a shoe factory.

彼は靴工場で働いています。

C2 adjective /ˈsmɑːrmi/

smarmy

お世辞 / 偽の礼儀

Meaning

Excessively flattering or ingratiating, often insincerely.

Example

The salesman gave a smarmy pitch that felt fake.

販売員は偽りのように感じるお世辞のような売り込みをしました。

C2 verb /prɪˈpɒndəreɪt/

preponderate

優位を占める

Meaning

To be greater in influence, weight, or number.

Example

In the debate, logical arguments preponderated over emotional appeals.

議論の中で、論理的な議論は感情的な訴えに勝りました。

C2 verb /ˈkɒdʒɪteɪt/

cogitate

熟考する

Meaning

to think deeply about something; to meditate or reflect

Example

He sat by the river to cogitate on his future plans.

彼は川のそばに座って、未来の計画について考えました。

C2 noun /ɡleɪd/

glade

林間の空き地

Meaning

An open space in a forest or woods.

Example

They rested in a sunny glade after their long hike.

彼らは長いハイキングの後、日光を浴びた空き地で休んだ。

C1 verb /ˌriːˈsiːt/

reseat

再座席

Meaning

to seat someone again or to fit something back into its place

Example

The usher had to reseat the guests after the interruption.

接客係は中断後、ゲストを再座席させなければならなかった。

C1 noun /ˈpærəbl/

parable

寓話

Meaning

A simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson.

Example

Jesus often taught using a parable to convey deeper truths.

イエスはしばしば深い真理を伝えるために寓話を使って教えていました。

C1 noun /ˌæntɪˈsiːdənt/

antecedent

先例

Meaning

something that came before; a previous event, condition, or cause

Example

The cultural antecedents of this festival go back centuries.

この祭りの文化的な先例は何世紀も前に遡ります。

A1 verb /brɪŋ/

bring

持ってくる

Meaning

to carry or take something to a place; to come with something

Example

Please bring your books to class tomorrow.

明日、クラスに本を持ってきてください。

B2 noun /stɔːrk/

Stork

コウノトリ

Meaning

large wading bird with long legs and a long neck

Example

The stork built its nest on top of the tall chimney.

そのコウノトリは高い煙突の上に巣を作った。

C2 verb /ɪˈnjʊər/

inure

慣れる

Meaning

To become accustomed to something, especially something unpleasant.

Example

Soldiers quickly became inured to the harsh conditions.

兵士たちはすぐに過酷な状況に慣れました。

B1 verb /əˈkjuːz/

accuse

告発する

Meaning

to charge someone with a crime or wrongdoing

Example

She accused him of stealing her wallet.

彼女は彼を財布を盗んだことで告訴した。

C1 noun ˌiː.kəʊˈfrend.li ˌɜː.bən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

eco-friendly urbanization

エコフレンドリーな都市化

Meaning

The development of cities in a way that is not harmful to the environment.

Example

Eco-friendly urbanization reduces environmental degradation.

エコフレンドリーな都市化は環境劣化を減少させます。

C1 noun /ˈzɪn.i.ə/

Zinnia

ジニア

Meaning

A colorful garden flower with daisy-like blooms, popular for its vibrant colors and long-lasting nature

Example

The garden was filled with bright zinnias in various colors.

庭はさまざまな色の明るいジニアでいっぱいでした。

C1 adjective /ˌæn.ɪkˈdoʊ.t̬əl/

anecdotal

事実や調査ではなく、個人的な話に基づく、逸話的な

Meaning

Based on personal accounts rather than facts or research; characterized by anecdotes.

Example

The book was filled with anecdotal evidence rather than data.

その本はデータではなく、逸話的証拠で満たされていました。

B2 noun /brest/

Breast

胸

Meaning

the front surface of a person's or animal's body between the neck and the stomach

Example

The baby fell asleep on her mother's breast.

赤ちゃんは母親の胸で寝ました。

B2 noun /ˈɡʌv.ən.əns/

governance

ガバナンス

Meaning

The action or manner of governing and controlling a state or organization.

Example

Effective governance ensures sustainable development.

効果的なガバナンスは持続可能な発展を確実にします。

B2 noun /ˈɔːkʃən/

Auction

オークション

Meaning

a public sale in which goods or property are sold to the highest bidder

Example

The antique furniture was sold at an auction last weekend.

アンティーク家具は先週末のオークションで売られました。

C2 verb /əbˈvɜːrt/

obvert

反転する

Meaning

To turn something so as to face in a different direction; in logic, to convert a proposition by negating both subject and predicate.

Example

The teacher asked the students to obvert the statement for practice.

先生は生徒たちに練習のためにその声明をオブバートするように頼みました。

B2 adjective /ˈstɑːrtəld/

startled

驚いた

Meaning

suddenly shocked or surprised by something unexpected

Example

She was startled by the loud noise outside.

彼女は外の大きな音に驚いた。

B1 adjective /ˈʌpˌkʌmɪŋ/

upcoming

今後の

Meaning

about to happen or appear

Example

The upcoming event will be held next week.

今後のイベントは来週行われます。

B1 noun /ˈreɪlˌroʊd/

railroad

鉄道

Meaning

a track or system of tracks made of steel rails along which trains run

Example

The railroad connects the city to several nearby towns.

鉄道は都市といくつかの近くの町を結びつけています。

B2 verb /əˈspaɪər/

aspire

志す

Meaning

to have a strong desire to achieve something

Example

Many students aspire to study abroad.

多くの学生が海外で勉強することを目指しています。

C1 noun /ˈkɒt.ən ˈfæb.rɪk/

Cotton Fabric

綿布

Meaning

textile made from cotton fibers, known for being soft, breathable, and comfortable

Example

Cotton fabric is perfect for summer clothing.

綿布は夏の衣服に最適です。

C1 phrase ˌkæt.əˈɡɒr.ɪ.kəl.i rɪˈfjuː.tɪd

categorically refuted

完全に否定された

Meaning

Completely and absolutely denied or disproved.

Example

The claims were categorically refuted by officials.

その主張は公式に完全に否定されました。

C1 noun /ˈtaɪ.ɡrəs/

Tigress

メスのトラ

Meaning

an adult female tiger

Example

The powerful tigress hunted silently through the jungle.

強力なメスのトラがジャングルを静かに狩っていた。

B2 noun /nɪˌɡoʊ.siˈeɪ.ʃən/

Negotiation

合意に達するための議論; 交渉

Meaning

discussion aimed at reaching an agreement; bargaining

Example

The negotiation between the two companies lasted for weeks.

二社間の交渉は数週間続きました。

B1 noun ˈbreɪvəri

bravery

勇気

Meaning

Courageous behavior or character; the quality of being brave.

Example

The bravery of our soldiers is unforgettable.

私たちの兵士たちの勇気は忘れがたいものです。

A2 noun /ˈlɜrnɪŋ/

learning

学習

Meaning

The process of gaining knowledge or skills through study or experience.

Example

Learning a new language can be exciting.

新しい言語を学ぶことは興奮することがあります。

B1 noun ˌtɑːdʒ məˈhɑːl

Taj Mahal

タージ・マハル

Meaning

A famous mausoleum in India, considered one of the most beautiful structures ever built and a symbol of love.

Example

The Taj Mahal is considered one of the most beautiful structures ever built.

タージ・マハルはこれまでに建てられた中で最も美しい建造物の一つとされている。

B1 noun /ˈkɒtən/

cotton

幸せ

Meaning

A soft white fibrous substance used to make cloth and thread.

Example

This shirt is made of pure cotton.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

C1 noun /fɔːrˈkloʊʒər/

foreclosure

差し押さえ

Meaning

The legal process by which a lender takes control of a property from a borrower who has failed to make payments.

Example

The family lost their home due to foreclosure after missing several mortgage payments.

その家族は複数回のモーゲージ支払いを逃したため、差し押さえで家を失いました。

C2 noun /ˈkæbəˌlɪzəm/

cabalism

カバリズム

Meaning

The doctrines, practices, or secretive dealings of a cabal.

Example

The historian wrote extensively about cabalism in the royal court.

歴史家は王室の宮廷でカバリズムについて広範囲に書きました。

B2 noun /ˈpæd.ɪŋ/

padding

クッション / 詰め物

Meaning

soft material added for comfort, protection, or to fill space

Example

The chair had extra padding for comfort.

椅子には快適さのために余分なパディングがありました。

C1 noun /ˈmiːdieɪtər/

Mediator

仲裁者

Meaning

A person who attempts to make people involved in a conflict agree

Example

The United Nations often acts as a mediator in international disputes.

国際的な争いにおいて、国連はしばしばメディエーターとして機能します。

B1 noun sɪvɪˈlɪzeɪʃənz

civilizations

文明

Meaning

The stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced.

Example

Ancient civilizations developed complex systems of governance.

古代の文明は複雑な統治システムを発展させました。

B1 noun /mæsk/

Mask

マスク

Meaning

covering for the face or head; disguise or protection

Example

She wore a mask to protect herself from dust.

彼女はほこりから自分を守るためにマスクをしていました。

C1 verb /ɔːrˈdeɪn/

ordain

Meaning

To officially make someone a priest or minister; to decree or order something officially.

Example

The bishop will ordain three new priests this Sunday.

A2 noun /ˈnefjuː/

nephew

甥

Meaning

the son of one’s brother or sister

Example

My nephew is studying at the university.

私の甥は大学で勉強しています。

C2 noun /ˈɛlɪdʒi/

elegy

エレジー

Meaning

A poem or song expressing sorrow, especially for someone who has died.

Example

The poet wrote an elegy for his late friend.

詩人は亡き友人のためにエレジーを書きました。

C1 noun /ˈbɛd.rɒk/

bedrock

基盤

Meaning

the solid rock layer beneath the soil; the fundamental basis of something

Example

Trust is the bedrock of a healthy relationship.

信頼は健康な関係の基盤です。

A1 noun /plæn/

plan

計画

Meaning

A detailed proposal for doing or achieving something.

Example

A good plan keeps you focused.

良い計画はあなたを集中させます。

C2 noun /ˈmuːn.biːm/

moonbeam

月光

Meaning

A ray of light from the moon.

Example

A moonbeam lit up the quiet forest clearing.

月光が静かな森の開けた場所を照らした。

B1 noun /kəmˈpleɪnt/

complaint

苦情

Meaning

a statement that something is wrong or not satisfactory

Example

The manager received a complaint from a customer about poor service.

マネージャーは、顧客からのサービスが悪いという苦情を受け取りました。

C1 verb /bɪˈsiːdʒ/

besiege

包囲する

Meaning

to surround a place with armed forces to capture it; to overwhelm with requests or attention

Example

The city was besieged by enemy troops.

その都市は敵軍によって包囲されました。

C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈdɛsənt/

iridescent

虹色の

Meaning

showing luminous colors that seem to change when seen from different angles

Example

She wore an iridescent dress that sparkled in the light.

彼女は光の中で輝く虹色のドレスを着ていました。

B1 noun /ˈsɪt.ɪ.zənz/

citizens

市民

Meaning

A legally recognized subject or national of a state or commonwealth.

Example

Citizens must follow pollution regulations.

市民は汚染規制に従わなければなりません。

C2 verb /ˈnuːkliˌeɪt/

nucleate

核形成

Meaning

to form into a nucleus or bring together into a central part

Example

The droplets began to nucleate around tiny particles in the air.

水滴は空気中の小さな粒子の周りで核を形成し始めました。

C1 adjective /ˈdesələt/

Desolate

荒涼; 孤独; 不毛

Meaning

deserted; lonely; barren

Example

The abandoned village looked desolate and empty.

放棄された村は荒涼として空っぽに見えた。

C1 noun /ˈrep.lɪ.kə/

Replica

レプリカ

Meaning

an exact copy or model of something, especially one on a smaller scale

Example

The museum displayed a perfect replica of the ancient statue.

博物館は古代の彫像の完璧なレプリカを展示しました。

C2 adjective /ˈfʊl.səm/

fulsome

過剰な賞賛

Meaning

Excessively flattering or insincere; abundant or generous in amount.

Example

He offered fulsome praise to his boss.

彼は上司に過剰な賞賛を提供しました。

C1 noun /ˈmætrəˌmoʊni/

matrimony

結婚

Meaning

The state of being married; marriage.

Example

They entered into matrimony after years of friendship.

彼らは何年もの友情の後、結婚しました。